BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2018

NOTE 1 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Elray Resources, Inc. (“Elray” or the “Company”), a Nevada Company formed on December 13, 2006, has been providing marketing and support for online gaming operations. The Company maintains its administrative office in Australia and its gaming operations is currently targeting Asian market.

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of Elray have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s annual report for the year ended December 31, 2017 on Form 10-K filed on April 13, 2018.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of financial position and the results of operations for the interim periods presented have been reflected herein. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Notes to the consolidated financial statements which would substantially duplicate the disclosure contained in the audited consolidated financial statements for the most recent fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 have been omitted.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid short-term investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Allowance for doubtful accounts

The allowance for doubtful accounts reflects our best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balance. The Company determines the allowance based on known troubled accounts, historical experience, and other currently available evidence. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, allowance for doubtful accounts was $5,521.

Long Lived Assets

Long-lived assets to be held and used or disposed of other than by sale are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. When required, impairment losses on assets to be held and used or disposed of other than by sale are recognized based on the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale are reported at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.

Derivative Instruments

Derivatives are measured at their fair value on the balance sheet. In determining the appropriate fair value, the Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. Changes in fair value are recorded in the statement of operations.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-tier fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

	·	Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;

	·	Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable, such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and

	·	Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

Our financial instruments include cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, notes payable, convertible notes payable, advances from shareholder, and derivative liabilities. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature except for derivative liabilities. The derivative liabilities are stated at their fair value as a level 3 measurement. The Company used a Black-Scholes model to determine the fair values of these derivative liabilities.

Debt Discount

Debt discount is amortized over the term of the related debt using the effective interest rate method.

Revenues

Prior to January 1, 2018, revenues were recognized when the four basic criteria for recognition were met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; (3) consideration is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company adopted new accounting guidance for revenue recognition effective January 1, 2018 which did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Beginning January 1, 2018, the Company analyzes contracts to determine the appropriate revenue recognition using the following steps: (i) identification of contracts with customers; (ii) identification of distinct performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determination of contract transaction price; (iv) allocation of contract transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) determination of revenue recognition based on timing of satisfaction of the performance obligation. The Company recognizes revenues upon the satisfaction of its performance obligations (upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers) in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

All of the Company’s revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 were related to intellectual properties (including CRM systems, payment gateway system and back office marketing systems) and related supporting services provided to one related party and were calculated based on end-users’ usage of online game content.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. On December 22, 2017, new federal tax reform legislation was enacted in the United States (the “2017 Tax Act”), resulting in significant changes from previous tax law. The 2017 Tax Act reduces the federal corporate income tax rate to a flat 21% effective January 1, 2018.

Tax benefits are initially recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. Such tax positions are initially, and subsequently, measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the tax authority, assuming full knowledge of the position and all relevant facts. No deferred tax asset attributable to the net operating loss carry forward has been recognized, as it is not deemed likely to be realized.

Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic net earnings (loss) per common share are computed by dividing net earnings (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net earnings (loss) per common share is determined using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, adjusted for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents. In periods when losses are reported, the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding excludes common stock equivalents, because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

The dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and warrants is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method. The dilutive effect of outstanding convertible securities and preferred stock is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the if-converted method.

The following is a reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017:

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018			2017

Basic earnings (loss) per common share
Numerator:
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	(329,048	)	$	418,543
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		2,315,835,269			1,235,190,613

Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	(0.00	)	$	0.00

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share
Numerator:
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	(329,048	)	$	418,543
Add convertible debt interest		-			140,233
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	(329,048	)	$	558,776
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding		2,315,835,269			1,235,190,613
Preferred shares		-			2,362
Convertible Debt		-			36,180,720,000
Adjusted weighted average common shares outstanding		2,315,835,269			37,415,912,975

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	(0.00	)	$	0.00

For the three months ended March 31, 2018 fully diluted earnings per share excludes notes convertible to 35,293,450,000 common shares and preferred stock convertible to 2,362 common shares, because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

Subsequent Events

Elray evaluated subsequent events through the date these financial statements were issued for disclosure purposes.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, a pronouncement was issued that creates new accounting and reporting guidelines for leasing arrangements. The new guidance requires organizations that lease assets to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet related to the rights and obligations created by those leases, regardless of whether they are classified as finance or operating leases. Consistent with current guidance, the recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease primarily will depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The guidance also requires new disclosures to help financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The new standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early application permitted. The new standard is to be applied using a modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new pronouncement on its financial statements.

Elray’s management does not believe that any other recently issued effective pronouncements, or pronouncements issued but not yet effective, if adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements.

ELRAY RESOURCES, INC. 10-Q