Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)

9 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Sep. 28, 2025

Dec. 29, 2024

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

(a) Basis of presentation

The interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared by the Company in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of September 28, 2025, and the results of operations for the thirteen and thirty-nine week periods ended September 28, 2025 and September 29, 2024. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any other future period. These interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 30, 2025.

The Company’s operates on a 52-to-53-week fiscal year that ends on the Sunday closest to December 31. The Company’s fiscal year for 2024 ended December 29, 2024. The Company’s third fiscal quarters for 2025 and 2024 in this report on Form 10-Q ended on September 28, 2025 (“Third Quarter 2025”) and September 29, 2024 (“Third Quarter 2024”), respectively.

(a) Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

On March 10, 2025, the Company’s board of directors approved a change in the Company’s fiscal year end to have a 52-to-53-week fiscal year that ends on the Sunday closest to December 31. This change is effective for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

(b) Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

The Company reconciles cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported in its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets that aggregate to the beginning and ending balances shown in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	September 28, 2025		December 29, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents	$	5,072	$	13,378
Restricted cash		3,841		3,841
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	8,913	$	17,219

(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid securities that mature within three months or less from the original date of purchase to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains the majority of its cash balances with commercial banks in interest bearing accounts. Cash and cash equivalents include cash held in checking and savings accounts and money market accounts consisting of highly liquid securities with maturity dates of three months or less from the original date of purchase. As of December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had cash balances of $13.4 million and $2.6 million, respectively, in excess of federally insured limits.

Estimated Credit Losses

(c) Estimated credit losses

The Company recognizes an allowance for credit losses at the time a receivable is recorded based on the Company’s estimate of expected credit losses, historical write-off experience, and current account knowledge, and adjusts this estimate over the life of the receivable as needed. The Company evaluates the aggregation and risk characteristics of a receivable pool and develops loss rates that reflect historical collections over the time horizon that the Company is exposed to credit risk, and payment terms or conditions that may materially affect future forecasts.

The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition when deemed necessary. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses based on the expected collectability of all accounts receivable, which takes into consideration an analysis of historical bad debts, specific customer creditworthiness and current economic trends. The Company believes that its concentration of credit risk is limited because of the large number of customers, credit quality of the customer base, small account balances for most of these customers, and customer geographic diversification. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure relating to its customers.

The following table summarizes the allowance for credit loss activity as of and for the periods ended (in thousands):

	Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
	September 28,			September 29,
	2025			2024
Balance at beginning of year	$	(1,701	)	$	(9,846	)
Provision charged to earnings		(4,159	)		(4,204	)
Amounts written off, net of recoveries and other adjustments		1,048			1,041
Balance at end of period	$	(4,812	)	$	(13,009	)

(f) Estimated Credit Losses

The Company recognizes an allowance for credit loss at the time a receivable is recorded based on the Company’s estimate of expected credit losses, historical write-off experience, and current account knowledge, and adjusts this estimate over the life of the receivable as needed. The Company evaluates the aggregation and risk characteristics of a receivable pool and develops loss rates that reflect historical collections, current forecasts of future economic conditions over the time horizon that the Company is exposed to credit risk, and payment terms or conditions that may materially affect future forecasts.

The following table summarizes the allowance for credit losses as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	December 29,			December 31,
	2024			2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	(9,846	)	$	(4,812	)
Provision charged to earnings		(9,132	)		(5,083	)
Amounts written off, net of recoveries and other adjustments		17,277			49
Balance at end of period	$	(1,701	)	$	(9,846	)

The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure relating to its customers. In fiscal year 2024, the Company identified customer accounts receivable balances that were deemed to be uncollectible, which were reserved and written off.

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

(d) Contract liabilities

Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer advances, which represent consideration received from a customer prior to transferring control of goods or services to the customer under the terms of a sales contract. Total contract liabilities balances as of the respective dates are as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	September 28,			December 29,
	2025			2024
Contract liabilities current and noncurrent		(11,426	)		(10,921	)

The Company typically invoices its customers upon completion of set milestones, generally upon installation of the solar energy system with the remaining balance invoiced upon passing final building inspection. Standard payment terms to customers range from 30 to 60 days. When the Company receives payment, or when such payment is unconditionally due from a customer prior to delivering goods or services to the customer under the terms of a customer agreement, the Company records this deferred revenue as a contract liability. Most installation projects are completed within 12-months. As such, a significant portion of the Company’s contract liabilities is reflected within current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Contract liabilities for installation projects expected to be completed beyond 12 months are classified as noncurrent obligations in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(g) Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

Contract assets consist of unbilled receivables which represent revenue that has been recognized in advance of billing the customer. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer advances, which represent consideration received from a customer prior to transferring control of goods or services to the customer under the terms of a sales contract. Total contract assets and contract liabilities balances as of the respective dates are as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	December 29,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Contract assets	$	26,066	$	-
Contract liabilities current and noncurrent		10,921		3,478

During the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024, the increase in contract assets of $26.1 million was primarily driven by an increase in residential project sales that have met revenue recognition based on applicable milestones but have not been billed. The increase in contract assets and contract liabilities is primarily attributed to the SunPower Acquisition in fiscal year 2024.

The Company typically invoices its customers upon completion of set milestones, generally upon installation of the solar energy system with the remaining balance invoiced upon passing final building inspection. Standard payment terms to customers range from 30 to 60 days. When the Company receives payment, or when such payment is unconditionally due from a customer prior to delivering goods or services to the customer under the terms of a customer agreement, the Company records this deferred revenue as a contract liability. As installation projects are typically completed within 12-months, the Company’s contract liability is reflected within current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The amount of revenue recognized during the years ended December 29, 2024, and December 31, 2023, that was included in contract liabilities at the beginning of each period was $3.5 million and $2.1 million, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

(e) Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized for Residential Solar Installation and New Homes Business when a customer obtains control of promised products and services and the Company has satisfied its performance obligations which is the date by which substantially all of its design and installation is complete for a fully functioning solar power system to interconnect to the local power grid.

Installation includes the design of a solar energy system, the delivery of the components of the solar energy system (i.e., photovoltaic system, inverter, battery storage, etc.), installation services and services facilitating the connection of the solar energy system to the power grid. The Company accounts for these services as inputs to a combined output, resulting in a single service-based performance obligation.

The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for the products and services. To achieve this core principle, the Company applies the following five steps:

Step 1. Identification of the contract(s) with a customer;

Step 2. Identification of the performance obligations in the contracts(s);

Step 3. Determination of the transaction price;

Step 4. Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations;

Step 5. Recognition of the revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

Residential Solar Installation revenues

The Company’s Residential Solar Installation segment sells products through a network of installing and non-installing dealers and resellers, as well as its internal sales team. The Company’s contracts with customers include three primary contract types:

●

Cash agreements – The Company contracts directly with homeowners who purchase the solar energy system and related services from the Company. Customers are invoiced on a billing schedule, where the majority of the transaction price is due upon installation with an additional payment due when the system passes inspection by the authority having jurisdiction.

●

Financing partner agreements – In its financing partner agreements, the Company contracts directly with homeowners for the purchase of the solar energy system and related services. The Company refers the homeowner to a financing partner to finance the system, and the homeowner makes payments directly to the financing partner. The Company receives consideration from the financing partner on a billing schedule where the majority of the transaction price is due upon installation with an additional payment due when the system passes inspection by the authority having jurisdiction.

●

Power purchase agreements and lease agreements – The Company contracts directly with a leasing partner to perform the solar energy system installation, and the homeowner will finance the system through a power purchase agreement (or lease), which is signed with the Company’s leasing partner. The Company considers the leasing partner to be its customer, as the Company does not contract directly with the homeowner and the leasing partner takes ownership of the system upon the completion of installation. The Company receives consideration from the leasing partner on a billing schedule where the majority of the transaction price is due upon installation with an additional payment due when the system passes inspection by the authority having jurisdiction.

New Homes Business revenues

The Company’s New Homes Business segment sells through a network of home builders as well as its internal sales team. The Company’s contracts with customers include two primary contract types:

●

Cash agreements – The Company contracts directly with homebuilders who purchase the solar energy system from the Company and are the customers in the transaction. The Company’s customers are invoiced upon the completion of installation.

●

Lease agreements – Prior to SunPower Debtor’s declaration of bankruptcy, certain homeowners had intended to lease a system from SunPower Debtors but were unable to consummate the transaction (as a result of SunPower Debtor’s declaration of bankruptcy). The in-process system inventory (installed on recently constructed homes) was acquired by the Company in connection with the SunPower Acquisition. The Company contracted directly with a leasing partner to facilitate the leasing of the system to the impacted homeowners. The Company considers the leasing partner to be its customer. Under the terms of the Company’s arrangement with the leasing partner, control is not transferred to the customer until the completed system is accepted by the customer. The Company receives consideration from the leasing partner following the acceptance of the system.

The Company’s performance obligation for both of these reportable segments is to design and install a fully functioning solar energy system. For all contract types (with the exception of New Homes Business Lease agreements), the Company recognizes revenue over time. The Company’s over-time revenue recognition begins when the solar power system is fully installed (as it is at this point that control of the asset begins to be transferred to the customer, and the customer retains the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the solar power system). The Company recognizes revenue using the input method based on direct costs to install the system and defers the costs of installation until such time that control of the asset transfers to the customer (installation). For New Homes Business Lease agreements, the Company considers the performance obligation to be satisfied at a point in time upon acceptance of the system by the customer.

Revenue is generally recognized at the transaction price contained within the agreement, net of the costs of financing, or other consideration paid to the customers that is not in exchange for a distinct good or service. The Company’s arrangements may contain clauses that can either increase or decrease the transaction price. Variable consideration is estimated at each measurement date at its most likely amount to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and true-ups are applied prospectively as such estimates change.

The Company records deferred revenue for amounts invoiced that are received in advance of the provisioning of services. In certain contracts with customers, the Company arranges for a third-party financing partner to provide financing to the customer. The Company collects upfront from the financing partner and the customer will provide instalment payments to the financing partner. The Company records revenue in the amount received from the financing partner, net of any financing fees charged to the homeowner, which the Company considers to be a customer incentive. None of the Company’s contracts contain a significant financing component.

Sunder

The Company earns revenue from contracts sold to customers for solar installations performed by third-party installation companies. The Company recognizes revenue at a point in time when Permission to Operate (“PTO”) is complete. The Company acts as an agent in these arrangements and records revenue on a net basis. The Company does not have significant financing components in its contracts. The Company does not provide warranty services and does not record a warranty reserve.

Costs to obtain and fulfill contracts

The Company’s costs to obtain and fulfill contracts, when recognized, associated with systems sales are expensed as sales commission and cost of revenue, respectively. In addition, incentives the Company provides to its customers, such as discounts and rebates, are recorded net to the revenue the Company has recognized on the solar power system.

Disaggregation of revenue

Refer to the table below for the Company’s revenue recognized (in thousands):

	Thirteen Weeks Ended				Thirty-Nine Weeks Ended
	September 28, 2025		September 29, 2024		September 28, 2025		September 29, 2024
Residential Solar Installation
Revenue recognized over time	$	38,579	$	5,536	$	114,097	$	20,068
Total Residential Solar Installation		38,579		5,536		114,097		20,068

New Homes Business
Revenue recognized over time		9,443		—		40,075		—
Revenue recognized at a point in time		17,673		—		61,787		—
Total New Homes Business		27,116		—		101,862		—

Sunder
Revenue recognized at a point in time		4,310		—		4,310		—
Total Sunder		4,310		—		4,310		—
Total revenue	$	70,005	$	5,536	$	220,269	$	20,068

Total revenue recognized over time	$	48,022	$	5,536	$	154,172	$	20,068
Total revenue recognized at a point in time		21,983		—		66,097		—

All revenue was generated in the United States.

Remaining performance obligations

The Company elected the practical expedient not to disclose the remaining performance obligations for contracts that are less than one year in length.

Incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts

Incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts consist of sales commissions, which are costs paid to third-party vendors who source residential customer contracts for the sale of solar energy systems by the Company. The Company defers sales commissions and recognizes expenses in accordance with the timing of the related revenue recognition. Amortization of deferred commissions is recorded as sales commissions in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of September 28, 2025 and December 29, 2024, deferred commissions were not material.

(i) Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized for Residential Solar Installation and New Home Business when a customer obtains control of promised products and services and the Company has satisfied its performance obligations which is the date by which substantially all of its design and installation is complete for a fully functioning solar power system to interconnect to the local power grid.

Step 1. Identification of the contract(s) with a customer;

Step 2. Identification of the performance obligations in the contracts(s);

Step 3. Determination of the transaction price;

Step 4. Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations;

Step 5. Recognition of the revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

Residential Solar Installation Revenues

●

Cash agreements - The Company contracts directly with homeowners who purchase the solar energy system and related services from the Company. Customers are invoiced on a billing schedule, where the majority of the transaction price is due upon installation with an additional payment due when the system passes inspection by the authority having jurisdiction.

●

Financing partner agreements - In its financing partner agreements, the Company contracts directly with homeowners for the purchase of the solar energy system and related services. The Company refers the homeowner to a financing partner to finance the system, and the homeowner makes payments directly to the financing partner. The Company receives consideration from the financing partner on a billing schedule where the majority of the transaction price is due upon installation with an additional payment due when the system passes inspection by the authority having jurisdiction.

●

Power purchase agreements and lease agreements - The Company contracts directly with a leasing partner to perform the solar energy system installation, and the homeowner will finance the system through a power purchase agreement (or lease), which is signed with the Company’s leasing partner. The Company considers the leasing partner to be its customer, as the Company does not contract directly with the homeowner and the leasing partner takes ownership of the system upon the completion of installation. The Company receives consideration from the leasing partner on a billing schedule where the majority of the transaction price is due upon installation with an additional payment due when the system passes inspection by the authority having jurisdiction.

New Home Business Revenues

The Company’s New Homes Business sells through a network of home builders as well as its internal sales team. The Company’s contracts with customers include two primary contract types:

●

Cash agreements - The Company contracts directly with homebuilders who purchase the solar energy system from the Company and are the customers in the transaction. The Company’s customers are invoiced upon the completion of installation.

●

Lease agreements - Prior to the SunPower Corporation’s declaration of bankruptcy, certain homeowners had intended to lease a system from the SunPower Corporation, but were unable to consummate the transaction (as a result of SunPower’s declaration of bankruptcy). The in-process system inventory (installed on recently constructed homes) was acquired by the Company in connection with the SunPower Acquisition. The Company contracted directly with a leasing partner to facilitate the leasing of the system to the impacted homeowners. The Company considers the leasing partner to be its customer. Under the terms of the Company’s arrangement with the leasing partner, control is not transferred to the customer until the completed system is accepted by the customer. The Company receives consideration from the leasing partner following the acceptance of the system.

The Company’s performance obligation for both reportable segments is to design and install a fully functioning solar energy system. For all contract types (with the exception of New Homes Business Lease agreements), the Company recognizes revenue over time. The Company’s over-time revenue recognition begins when the solar power system is fully installed (as it is at this point that control of the asset begins to be transferred to the customer and the customer retains the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the solar power system). The Company recognizes revenue using the input method based on direct costs to install the system and defers the costs of installation until such time that control of the asset transfers to the customer (installation). For New Homes Business Lease agreements, the Company considers the performance obligation to be satisfied at a point in time upon acceptance of the system by the customer.

Revenue is generally recognized at the transaction price contained within the agreement, net of costs of financing, or other consideration paid to the customers that is not in exchange for a distinct good or service. The Company’s arrangements may contain clauses that can either increase or decrease the transaction price. Variable consideration is estimated at each measurement date at its most likely amount to the extent that it is probably that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur and true-ups are applied prospectively as such estimates change.

The Company records deferred revenue for amounts invoiced that are received in advance of the provisioning of services. In certain contracts with customers, the Company arranges for a third-party financing partner to provide financing to the customer. The Company collects upfront from the financing partner and the customer will provide installment payments to the financing partner. The Company records revenue in the amount received from the financing partner, net of any financing fees charged to the homeowner, which the Company considers to be a customer incentive. None of the Company’s contracts contain a significant financing component.

Costs to obtain and fulfill contracts

Warranties

The Company typically provides a 10-year warranty on its solar energy system installations, which provides assurance over the workmanship in performing the installation, including roof leaks caused by the Company’s performance. For solar panel sales recognized prior to the Divestiture, the Company provides a 30-year warranty that the products will be free from defects in material and workmanship. The Company retained its warranty obligations associated with panel sales prior to the Divestiture.

When the revenues are recognized for the solar energy systems installations services, the Company accrues liabilities for the estimated future costs of meeting its warranty obligations. The Company makes and revises these estimates based primarily on the volume of new sales that contain warranties, historical experience with and projections of warranty claims, and estimated solar energy system and panel replacement costs. The Company records a provision for estimated warranty expenses in cost of revenues within the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Warranty costs primarily consist of replacement materials and equipment and labor costs for service personnel.

Disaggregation of revenue

Refer to the table below for the Company’s revenue recognized (in thousands):

	Fiscal Year Ended
	December 29,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Residential Solar Installations
Revenue recognized over time	$	67,460	$	84,858
Revenue recognized at a point in time		-		2,758
Total Residential Solar Installations		67,460		87,616

New Homes Business
Revenue recognized over time		32,205		-
Revenue recognized at a point in time		9,077		-
Total New Homes Business		41,282		-
Total revenue	$	108,742	$	87,616

For the fiscal years ended December 29, 2024, and December 31, 2023, all revenue recognized was generated in the U.S.

Remaining performance obligations

The Company elected the practical expedient not to disclose the remaining performance obligations for contracts that are less than one year in length. As of December 29, 2024, the Company has deferred $0.9 million associated with a long-term service contract, which will be recognized evenly through 2028. The Company had deferred $1.2 million associated with a long-term service contract as of December 31, 2023.

Incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts

Incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts consist of sales commissions, which are costs paid to third-party vendors who source residential customer contracts for the sale of solar energy systems by the Company. The Company defers sales commissions and recognizes expenses in accordance with the timing of the related revenue recognition. Amortization of deferred commissions is recorded as sales commissions in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, deferred commissions were zero and $4.2 million, respectively, and classified within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

(f) Prepaid expenses and other current assets

The following table summarizes the components of prepaid expenses and other current assets:

	As of
	September 28,		December 29,
	2025		2024
Deferred costs	$	20,737	$	3,759
Other		93		4,447
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	20,830	$	8,206

Recent accounting pronouncements

(g) Recent accounting pronouncements

Accounting pronouncements adopted

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05 “Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets” which provides an update to all entities with a practical expedient when estimating expected credit losses. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted in both interim and annual reporting periods in which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The Company adopted ASU 2025-05 in the thirteen week period ended September 28, 2025. The impact of the adoption was not material to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting pronouncements not yet adopted

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The objective of ASU 2023-09 is to enhance disclosures related to income taxes, including specific thresholds for inclusion within the tabular disclosure of income tax rate reconciliation and specified information about income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for public companies starting in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company will adopt this ASU in its annual report for the fiscal year ending December 28, 2025. The Company is assessing the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires the disaggregation of certain expenses in the notes of the financial statements to provide enhanced transparency into the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement. The FASB subsequently issued ASU 2025-01 “Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date”, which amends the effective date of ASU 2024-03 to clarify that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in ASU 2024-03 in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption of ASU 2024-03 is permitted. The Company is assessing the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-04, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) (“ASU 2024-04”). The guidance in ASU 2024-04 clarifies the requirements related to accounting for the settlement of a debt instrument as an induced conversion. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted as of the beginning of a reporting period if the entity has also adopted ASU 2020-06 for that period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2024-04 may have on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-02 “Codification Improvements-Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements”, which removes various references to concepts statements from the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. This ASU is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2026, with early adoption permitted. The Company expects the new guidance will have an immaterial impact on its consolidated financial statements and intends to adopt the guidance when it becomes effective in the first quarter of fiscal year 2026.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06 “Targeted improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software” which is an update to remove all references to prescriptive and sequential software development stages (referred to as “project stages”). This ASU is effective for all entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2025-06 may have on its consolidated financial statements.

Changes in related parties

(h) Changes in related parties

Transactions with CRSEF Solis Holdings, LLC and its affiliates (“Carlyle”), have been disclosed as related party transactions until it ceased being a significant shareholder in the Company. Beginning in the thirteen week period ended June 29, 2025, transactions with Carlyle are no longer deemed related party transactions. The Company continues to engage in transactions Carlyle as it is a creditor of the Company’s 12.0% senior unsecured convertible notes. Refer to Note 9 – Borrowings and Derivative Liabilities for additional information.

Polar Multi-Strategy Master Fund (“Polar”) ceased to be a related party, and as a result, beginning in the thirteen week period ended June 29, 2025, transactions with Polar are no longer deemed related party transactions. Transactions previously reported with Polar have been disclosed as related party transactions. The Company continues to have a forward purchase agreement obligation with Polar.

Use of Estimates

(b) Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, as well as related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Significant estimates and assumptions made by management include, but are not limited to, the determination of:

●

Fair value of warrant liabilities;

●

Fair value of the forward purchase agreements

●

Fair value of Simple Agreements for Future Equity Agreements (“SAFEs”)

●

The reserve methodology for inventory obsolescence;

●

The reserve methodology for product warranty;

●

The reserve methodology for the allowance for credit losses;

●

Fair value of the derivative liabilities; and

●

The measurement of stock-based compensation.

To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, the Company’s financial condition or operating results will be affected. The Company bases its estimates on past experience and other assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances, and the Company evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis. The Company has assessed the impact and management is not aware of any specific events or circumstances that required an update to the Company’s estimates and assumptions or materially affected the carrying value of the Company’s assets or liabilities as of the date of issuance of this report. These estimates may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained.

Concentration of Risks

(c) Concentration of Risks

The Company is exposed to credit losses in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties to its financial and derivative instruments. Financial and derivative instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk are primarily cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, contract receivables and forward purchase agreement assets. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are on deposit with major financial institutions. Such deposits may be in excess of insured limits. The Company believes that the financial institutions that hold the Company’s cash are financially sound, and accordingly, minimum credit risk exists with respect to these balances. The Company has not experienced any losses due to institutional failure or bankruptcy. The Company performs credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral for sales on credit. As of December 29, 2024, no customer had an outstanding balance that represented more than 10% of the total accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2023, two customers had an outstanding balance that represented 38% and 16% of the total accounts receivable balance.

Concentration of Customers

The Company defines major customers as those customers who generate revenues that exceed 10% of the Company’s annual net revenues. For the fiscal years ended December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, three customers and one customer represented 36% and 55% of gross revenues, respectively, all from the Residential Solar Installation reportable segment.

Concentration of Suppliers

For the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024, the Company expanded its preferred supplier list, as such there was no concentration of suppliers. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, one supplier represented 40% of the Company’s inventory purchases.

Restricted Cash

(e) Restricted Cash

The Company classifies all cash for which usage is limited by contractual provisions as restricted cash. The restricted cash consists of deposits in money market accounts, which is used as cash collateral backing letters of credit related to customs duty authorities’ requirements. The Company has presented these balances under restricted cash, as a long-term asset, in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company reconciles cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported in its consolidated balance sheets that aggregate to the beginning and ending balances shown in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	December 29,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	13,378	$	2,593
Restricted cash		3,841		3,823
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	17,219	$	6,416

Inventories

(h) Inventories

Inventories consist of solar panels and the components of solar energy systems all of which is classified as finished goods within current assets at December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Inventory is valued using the average cost method. The Company identifies inventory which is considered obsolete or in excess of anticipated demand based on a consideration of marketability and product life cycle stage, component cost trends, demand forecasts, historical revenues, and assumptions about future demand and market conditions, and such inventory has been adjusted to its lower of cost or net realizable value.

Property and Equipment, Net

(j) Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is included in the current period. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of the assets:

		Useful Lives
Manufacturing equipment		1 - 3 years
Internal-use software		3 - 5 years
Furniture & equipment		3 - 5 years
Leasehold improvements		Shorter of 3 to 5 years of the asset or the term of the lease.

Internal-Use Software

(k) Internal-Use Software

The Company capitalizes costs to develop its internal-use software when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be utilized as intended. These costs include personnel and related employee benefits and expenses for employees who are directly associated with and who devote time to software projects, and external direct costs of materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining software. Costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria, together with costs incurred for training and maintenance, are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred for enhancements that are expected to provide additional material functionality are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the related upgrade. During the fiscal years ended December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company capitalized $1.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of internal-use software development costs. The remaining unamortized balance as of December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, of $0.2 million and $3.8 million, respectively, is included in property and equipment, net within the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Cost of Revenues

(l) Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues is comprised primarily of cost of material, internal labor costs, third-party subcontractors, design services, engineering personnel and employee-related expenses associated with permitting services, associated warranty costs, freight and delivery costs, depreciation, and amortization of internally developed software. Cost of revenues from these services is recognized when the Company transfers control of the product to the customer, which is generally upon installation.

Advertising and Promotional Expenses

(m) Advertising and Promotional Expenses

Advertising and promotional costs are expensed as incurred and included in sales and marketing expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Advertising costs were not material for the fiscal years ended December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Income Taxes

(n) Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not to be sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in its income tax provision.

Goodwill

(o) Goodwill

The Company tests goodwill at the reporting unit level for impairment annually on the first day of the fourth quarter, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount.

The Company may elect to perform a qualitative assessment that considers economic, industry and company-specific factors. If, after completing the assessment, it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, the Company proceeds to a quantitative test. Quantitative testing requires a comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill impairment is measured as the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying value of goodwill.

Comprehensive Loss

(p) Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss consists of two components, net loss and other comprehensive income (loss), net. The Company’s other comprehensive loss consists of foreign currency translation adjustments that result from the consolidation of its foreign entities and is reported net of their related tax effects.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

(q) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, ROU assets, and intangible assets subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group to be tested for possible impairment, the Company first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying value exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, and quoted market values, as considered necessary.

The Company recognized an impairment loss in the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024 as disclosed in Note 9 - Property and equipment, net. There were no impairment charges recorded in continuing operations for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Intangible Assets, Net

(r) Intangible Assets, Net

Intangible assets are recorded at cost, less accumulated amortization. Amortization is recorded using the straight-line method. All intangible assets that have been determined to have definite lives are amortized over their estimated useful life as indicated below:

		Useful Lives
Trademarks		10 years
Developed technology		3 years

Stock-Based Compensation

(s) Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period on a straight- line basis for all stock-based payments that are expected to vest to employees, non-employees and directors, including grants of employee stock options and other stock-based awards. Equity-classified awards issued to employees, non-employees such as consultants and non-employee directors are measured at the grant-date fair value of the award. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur. For accounting purposes, the Company estimates grant-date fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the fair value of the underlying common stock as of the grant date, the expected term of the option, the expected volatility of the price of the Company’s common stock and expected dividend yield.

Fair Value Measurements

(t) Fair Value Measurements

The Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. The Company determines fair value based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market.

When considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the following fair value hierarchy distinguishes between observable and unobservable inputs, which are categorized in one of the following levels:

●

Level 1 inputs: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible to the reporting entity at the measurement date.

●

Level 2 inputs: Other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

●

Level 3 inputs: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

Financial assets and liabilities held by the Company measured at fair value every reporting period as of December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023 include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, the warrant liabilities, FPAs, and derivative liabilities associated with the Company’s debt.

The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair value because of their short-term nature (classified as Level 1).

The warrant liabilities, derivative liabilities and FPAs are measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs. The Company records subsequent adjustments to reflect the increase or decrease in estimated fair value at each reporting date within Other income (expense), net in its consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Net Loss Per Share

(u) Net Loss Per Share

The Company computes net loss per share following ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. Basic net loss per share is measured as the loss attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding during periods with undistributed losses. Diluted net loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common share equivalents outstanding for the period determined using the treasury-stock method and if-converted method, as applicable. Securities that potentially have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation.

Leases

(v) Leases

The Company accounts for its leases following ASC 842, Leases. The Company determines if a contract is a lease or contains a lease at the inception of the contract and reassesses that conclusion if the contract is modified. The Company’s lease agreements generally contain lease and non-lease components. Payments under lease arrangements are primarily fixed. The Company combines lease and non-lease components and accounts for them together as a single lease component. All leases are assessed for classification as an operating lease or a finance lease. Each of operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and financed lease assets are presented separately on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Operating lease liabilities and finance lease obligations are separated into their respective current portion and non-current portions and are presented separately on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized on the date in which the lessor makes the underlying asset available for use, based upon the present value of the lease payments over the respective lease term. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, subject to any changes in the lease or expectation regarding the terms. Variable lease costs such as common area maintenance, property taxes and insurance are expensed as incurred.

The Company generally uses its incremental borrowing rate to discount the lease payments to present value. The estimated incremental borrowing rate is derived from information available at the lease commencement date. The Company’s lease terms include periods under options to extend or terminate the lease. Options to renew or extend leases beyond their initial term have been excluded from measurement of the ROU assets and lease liabilities as exercise of such options is not reasonably certain. The Company generally uses the base, non-cancellable, lease term when determining the lease assets and liabilities. The Company records a right-of-use asset which is calculated based on the amount of the lease liability, adjusted for any advance lease payments made, lease incentives received, and initial direct costs incurred. Right-of-use assets are subject to evaluation for impairment or disposal on a basis consistent with other long-lived assets.

The Company has elected, for all classes of underlying assets, not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with an initial term of twelve months or less. Lease cost for short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Warrant Liabilities

(w) Warrant Liabilities

The Company accounts for its warrant liabilities in accordance with the guidance in ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, under which the warrants that do not meet the criteria for equity classification and must be recorded as liabilities. The warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at inception and at each reporting date in accordance with the guidance in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, with any subsequent changes in fair value recognized in Other income (expense), net on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Refer to Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements and Note 14 - Warrants.

Forward Purchase Agreements

(x) Forward Purchase Agreements

The Company accounts for its FPAs in accordance with the guidance in ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, as the agreements embody an obligation to transfer assets to settle a forward contract. The FPAs are measured at fair value at inception and at each reporting date in accordance with the guidance in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, with any subsequent changes in fair value recognized in Other income (expense), net on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Refer to Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements and Note 6 - Forward Purchase Agreements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

(y) Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07 “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”). The ASU expands public entities’ segment disclosures by requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, an amount and description of its composition for other segment items, and interim disclosures of a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and requires retrospective adoption. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 in its fourth quarter of 2024 using a retrospective transition method. See Note 22 - Segment Information - for the Company’s disclosures reflecting the adoption.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

(z) Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The objective of ASU 2023-09 is to enhance disclosures related to income taxes, including specific thresholds for inclusion within the tabular disclosure of income tax rate reconciliation and specified information about income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for public companies starting in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact upon the Company’s disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement (Topic 220) Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosure. The objective of ASU 2024-03 is to disclose disaggregated information about certain income statement expense line items. ASU 2024-03 is effective for public companies starting in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The Company is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on the Company’s disclosures.

SunPower Inc. S-1