Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Note 2 — Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the accounting and disclosure rules and regulations of the SEC.

Emerging Growth Company Status

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $425 and $652 of cash and no cash equivalents as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Investments Held in Trust Account

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Trust Account had $5,804,083 and $45,065,840, respectively, held in marketable securities. Such securities are presented on the balance sheets at fair value at the end of the reporting period. Dividends earned on these securities are included in trust dividend income in the accompanying statements of operations. The estimated fair values of investments held in the Trust Account are determined using available market information. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company withdrew $40,209,102 and $238,305,063, respectively, of principal and dividend income from the Trust Account in connection with redemptions.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company has not experienced losses on this account.

Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption

The Company accounts for its Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Class A ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption (if any) are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ equity. The Company’s Class A ordinary shares feature certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to the occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, 513,613 and 4,196,485, respectively, shares of Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheets.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the ordinary shares subject to possible redemption reflected on the balance sheets are reconciled in the following table:

	Shares			Amount
Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2022		27,600,000		$	279,998,549
Less:
Redemption		(23,403,515	)		(238,305,063	)
Plus:
Remeasurement of carrying value to redemption value		—			3,372,354

Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2023		4,196,485		$	45,065,840
Less:
Redemption		(3,682,872	)		(40,209,102	)
Plus:
Remeasurement of carrying value to redemption value		—			947,345
Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2024		513,613		$	5,804,083

Net (Loss) Income per Ordinary Shares

The Company has two classes of shares, which are referred to as redeemable Class A ordinary shares and non-redeemable Class B ordinary shares. Earnings and losses are shared pro rata between the two classes of shares. Private and public warrants to purchase 14,213,333 Class A ordinary shares at $11.50 per share were issued on February 11, 2021. No warrants were exercised during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The calculation of diluted (loss) income per ordinary share does not consider the effect of the warrants issued in connection with the (i) IPO, (ii) exercise of over-allotment, and (iii) Private Placement since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events. As a result, diluted net (loss) income per ordinary share is the same as basic net (loss) income per ordinary share for the periods.

	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2024						2023
	Redeemable Class A			Non-Redeemable Class B			Redeemable Class A		Non-Redeemable Class B
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share
Numerator:
Allocation of net (loss) income	$	(39,683	)	$	(164,775	)	$	257,867	$	265,679
Denominator
Weighted-average shares outstanding		1,661,751			6,900,000	)		6,697,135		6,900,000
Basic and diluted net (loss) income per share	$	(0.02	)	$	(0.02	)	$	0.04	$	0.04

Share Based Compensation

The Company complies with ASC 718 Compensation—Stock Compensation regarding Founder Shares acquired by directors and independent advisors of the Company at prices below fair value. The acquired shares vested upon granting of the shares. The Founder Shares owned by the director (1) may not be sold or transferred, until one year after the consummation of a Business Combination, (2) are not entitled to redemption from the funds held in the Trust Account, or any liquidating distributions. If the Company does not consummate a Business Combination during the Combination Period, the Company will liquidate and the shares will become worthless.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the balance sheets.

Derivative Warrant Liabilities

The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates all of its financial instruments, including issued stock purchase warrants and working capital loan options, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives, pursuant to ASC 480 and ASC 815-15. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period.

The Company accounts for its 14,213,333 ordinary share warrants issued in connection with its IPO (9,200,000) and Private Placement (5,013,333) as derivative warrant liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40. Accordingly, the Company recognizes the warrant instruments as liabilities at fair value and adjusts the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The liabilities are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s statements of operations.

Working Capital Loans Option

On November 30, 2021, Richard Chera, the Company’s former Chief Executive Officer and director agreed to loan the Company up to $1,500,000 to be used for a portion of the expenses of the Company (“Working Capital Loan”). At December 31, 2022, at the option of Richard Chera, the outstanding principal of $666,000 may be converted into that number of warrants equal to the outstanding principal of the note divided by $1.50 (444,000 warrants). The option (“Working Capital Loan Option”) to convert the Working Capital Loan into warrants qualified as an embedded derivative under ASC 815 and was required to be reported at fair value. On May 31, 2023, Richard Chera agreed to waive the right to convert the amounts due under the Working Capital Loan into warrants. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Working Capital Loan Option no longer existed. In accordance with ASC Topic 470, “Liabilities” the Company has determined the waiver of the right to convert is a debt modification. Given the warrants had no significant value at the time of the debt modification, there is no effect on the Company’s financial statements for the debt modification.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statements recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company’s management determined that the Cayman Islands is the Company’s major tax jurisdiction. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.

The Company is considered to be an exempted Cayman Islands company with no connection to any other taxable jurisdiction and is presently not subject to income taxes or income tax filing requirements in the Cayman Islands or the United States. As such, the Company’s tax provision was zero for the period presented.

Recent Accounting Standards

On July 4, 2025, President Trump signed into law the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”). ASC 740, “Income Taxes”, requires the effects of changes in tax laws to be recognized in the period in which the legislation is enacted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new law. However, none of the tax provisions are expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”), which improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses among other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s management has determined the adoption of ASU 2023-07 does not have a material impact on its financial statements and disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”), which requires disclosure of incremental income tax information within the rate reconciliation and expanded disclosures of income taxes paid, among other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s management has determined the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will not have a material impact on its financial statements and disclosures.

Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Securities Assignment Agreement

On January 17, 2023, pursuant to the Securities Assignment Agreement, CIIG, acquired an aggregate of 5,662,000 Class B ordinary shares and 250,667 Private Placement Warrants of the Company from Crown PropTech Sponsor in a private transaction.

As the transaction is between the Crown PropTech Sponsor and CIIG, the transaction does not involve the Company issuing, repurchasing, or modifying its own equity or warrants. As such, there was no impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In association with the Securities Assignment Agreement, the prior Sponsor agreed to pay certain operating expenses of the Company. In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5T, the Company recognized an equity contribution on the statement of changes in shareholders’ deficit of $263,040 for the value of the operating expenses paid by the Crown PropTech Sponsor.

Non-Redemption Agreements

Beginning on January 31, 2023, and continuing until the Extraordinary General Meeting, the Company and CIIG entered into the Non-Redemption Agreements with the Non-Redeeming Investors. The Non-Redemption Agreements provide for the assignment of economic interest of an aggregate of 1,500,000 Class B ordinary shares held by CIIG to the Non-Redeeming Investors in exchange for such Non-Redeeming Investors agreeing to hold and not redeem an aggregate of 4,000,000 Class A ordinary shares at the Extraordinary General Meeting. Pursuant to the Non-Redemption Agreements, CIIG has agreed to transfer to such Non-Redeeming Investors an aggregate of 1,500,000 Class A ordinary shares upon conversion of the Class B ordinary shares in connection with the consummation of an initial Business Combination. The Company estimated the aggregate fair value of the 1,500,000 Class B ordinary shares attributable to the Non-Redeeming Investors to be $1,156,500 or $0.77 per share.

In February 2024, the Company and CIIG entered into the Non-Redemption Agreements with Non-Redeeming Investors. The Non-Redemption Agreements provide for the assignment of economic interest of an aggregate of 464,414 Class B ordinary shares held by CIIG to the Non-Redeeming Investors in exchange for such Non-Redeeming Investors agreeing to hold and not redeem an aggregate of 1,857,655 Class A ordinary shares at the February 2024 Extraordinary General Meeting. Pursuant to the Non-Redemption Agreements, CIIG has agreed to transfer to such Non-Redeeming Investors an aggregate of 464,414 Class A ordinary shares upon conversion of the Class B ordinary shares in connection with the consummation of an initial Business Combination. The aggregate fair value of the 464,414 Class B ordinary shares attributable to the Non-Redeeming Investors amounted to $375,981 or $0.81 per share.

Beginning on August 8, 2024, and continuing until the August 9, 2024 Extraordinary General Meeting, the Company and CIIG entered into the Non-Redemption Agreements with the Non-Redeeming Investors. The Non-Redemption Agreements provide for the assignment of economic interest of an aggregate of 115,287 Class B ordinary shares held by CIIG to the Non-Redeeming Investors in exchange for such Non-Redeeming Investors agreeing to hold and not redeem an aggregate of 461,146 Class A ordinary shares at the Extraordinary General Meeting. Pursuant to the Non-Redemption Agreements, CIIG has agreed to transfer to such Non-Redeeming Investors an aggregate of 115,287 Class A ordinary shares upon conversion of the Class B ordinary shares in connection with the consummation of an initial Business Combination. The Company estimated the aggregate fair value of the 115,287 Class B ordinary shares attributable to the Non-Redeeming Investors to be $75,341 or $0.65 per share.

Each Non-Redeeming Investor acquired from the Sponsors an indirect economic interest in the Founder Shares. The value of the Non-Redemption Agreements is reported as a component of shareholders’ deficit. The excess of the fair value of the Founder Shares was determined to be non-redemption agreement expense in accordance with SAB Topic 5T.

Crown PropTech Acquisitions 10-K