Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2016

Basis of Presentation [Policy Text Block]

	Basis of Presentation – The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Royal Mines and Minerals Corp’s (the “Company”) fiscal year-end is April 30.

	The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X, and, therefore, do not include all information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and stockholders' deficit in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations and financial position have been included and all such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Operating results for the six months ended October 31, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that can be expected for the year ending April 30, 2017.

Description of Business [Policy Text Block]

Description of Business – The Company's primary objectives are to 1) commercially and viably extract and refine precious metals from specific coal ash (fly and bottom), ores and other leachable assets, 2) use its proprietary processes to convert specific ore bodies and coal ash landfills into valuable assets, and 3) joint venture, acquire and develop mining projects in North America. The Company has not yet realized significant revenues from its primary objectives.

History [Policy Text Block]

	History – The Company was incorporated on December 14, 2005 under the laws of the State of Nevada. On June 13, 2007, the Company incorporated a wholly-owned subsidiary, Royal Mines Acquisition Corp., in the state of Nevada.

	On October 5, 2007, Centrus Ventures Inc. (Centrus) completed the acquisition of Royal Mines Inc. (“Royal Mines”). The acquisition of Royal Mines was completed by way of a “triangular merger” pursuant to the provisions of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated September 24, 2007 (the “First Merger Agreement”) among Centrus, Royal Mines Acquisition Corp. (“Centrus Sub”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Centrus, Royal Mines and Kevin B. Epp, the former sole executive officer and director of Centrus. On October 5, 2007, under the terms of the First Merger Agreement, Royal Mines was merged with and into Centrus Sub, with Centrus Sub continuing as the surviving corporation (the “First Merger”).

	On October 6, 2007, a second merger was completed pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated October 6, 2007 (the “Second Merger Agreement”) between Centrus and its wholly owned subsidiary, Centrus Sub, whereby Centrus Sub was merged with and into Centrus, with Centrus continuing as the surviving corporation (the “Second Merger”). As part of the Second Merger, Centrus changed its name from “Centrus Ventures Inc.” to “Royal Mines And Minerals Corp.”(“the Company”). Other than the name change, no amendments were made to the Articles of Incorporation.

	Under the terms and conditions of the First Merger Agreement, each share of Royal Mines’ common stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the completion of the First Merger was converted into one share of Centrus’ common stock. As a result, a total of 32,183,326 shares of Centrus common stock were issued to former stockholders of Royal Mines. In addition, Mr. Epp surrendered 23,500,000 shares of Centrus common stock for cancellation in consideration of payment by Centrus of $0.001 per share for an aggregate consideration of $23,500. As a result, upon completion of the First Merger, the former stockholders of Royal Mines owned approximately 69.7% of the issued and outstanding common stock.

	As such, Royal Mines is deemed to be the acquiring enterprise for financial reporting purposes. All acquired assets and liabilities of Centrus were recorded at fair value on the date of the acquisition, as required by the purchase method of accounting, and the tangible net liabilities were debited against equity of the Company. There are no continuing operations of Centrus from the date of acquisition.

Going Concern [Policy Text Block]

Going Concern – The accompanying financial statements were prepared on a going concern basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The going concern basis of presentation assumes that the Company will continue in operation for the next twelve months and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business and does not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the Company’s inability to continue as a going concern. The Company’s history of losses, working capital deficit, capital deficit, minimal liquidity and other factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In order for the Company to continue operations beyond the next twelve months and be able to discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business it must raise additional equity or debt capital and continue cost cutting measures. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to achieve sustainable profitable operations or obtain additional funds when needed or that such funds, if available, will be obtainable on terms satisfactory to management.

If the Company continues to incur operating losses and does not raise sufficient additional capital, material adverse events may occur including, but not limited to, 1) a reduction in the nature and scope of the Company’s operations and 2) the Company’s inability to fully implement its current business plan. There can be no assurance that the Company will successfully improve its liquidity position. The accompanying financial statements do not reflect any adjustments that might be required resulting from the adverse outcome relating to this uncertainty.

As of October 31, 2016, the Company had cumulative net losses of $19,209,725 from operations since inception and had negative working capital of $2,446,264. For the six months ended October 31, 2016, the Company incurred a net loss of $655,378 and had net cash used in operating activities of $276,605. For the six months ended October 31, 2015 the Company incurred a net loss of $391,575 and had net cash used in operating activities of $255,774. The Company has not fully started its minerals processing operations, raising substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern.

To address liquidity constraints, the Company will seek additional sources of capital through the issuance of equity or debt financing. Additionally, the Company has reduced expenses, elected to defer payment of certain obligations, deferred payment of our CEO’s salary and reduced staffing levels to conserve cash. The Company is focused on continuing to reduce costs and obtaining additional funding. There is no assurance that such funding will be available on terms acceptable to the Company, or at all. If the Company raises additional funds by selling additional shares of capital stock, securities convertible into shares of capital stock, or by issuing debt convertible into shares of capital stock, the ownership interest of the Company’s existing common stock holders will be diluted.

Use of Estimates [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. By their nature, these estimates are subject to measurement uncertainty and the effect on the financial statements of changes in such estimates in future periods could be significant. Significant areas requiring management’s estimates and assumptions include the valuation of stock-based compensation, impairment analysis of long-lived assets, and the realizability of deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Policy Text Block]

Cash and Cash Equivalents - The Company considers all investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be a cash equivalent.

Other Current Assets [Policy Text Block]

Other Current Assets - Other current assets are comprised of other receivables, which do not bear interest and are recorded at cost. The Company extends credit to its consultants, which receivables can be offset against commissions payable to the respective consultants.

The allowance for doubtful accounts represents the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing other receivables. The Company determines the allowance based on specific customer information, historical write-off experience and current industry and economic data. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when the Company believes it is probable the receivable will not be recovered. Management believes that there are no concentrations of credit risk for which an allowance has not been established. Although management believes that the allowance is adequate, it is possible that the estimated amount of cash collections with respect to accounts receivable could change. As of October 31, 2016 and April 30, 2016, the Company has recorded an allowance for doubtful account of $15,798.

Fair Value [Policy Text Block]

Fair Value - ASC 825, Financial Instruments requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 825 establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ASC 825 prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1

Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2

Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3

Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Pursuant to ASC 825, the fair value of cash is determined based on “Level 1” inputs, which consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. The Company's financial instruments consist of cash, prepaid expenses, other assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and loans payable. The carrying amount of these financial instruments approximates fair value due to either length of maturity or interest rates that approximate prevailing market rates unless otherwise disclosed in these financial statements.

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis were presented on the Company’s balance sheet as of October 31, 2016 and April 30, 2016 as follows:

Fair Value Measurements at October 31, 2016 Using:

Assets:

Total Carrying

Quoted Marked

Significant Other

Significant

Value as of

Prices in Active

Observable Inputs

Unobservable

10/31/2016

Markets (Level 1)

(Level 2)

Inputs (Level 3)

Investments in marketable securities

Total

Fair Value Measurements at April 30, 2016 Using:

Assets:		Total Carrying		Quoted Marked		Significant Other		Significant
		Value as of		Prices in Active		Observable Inputs		Unobservable
		4/30/2016		Markets (Level 1)		(Level 2)		Inputs (Level 3)
Investments in marketable securities	$	216,648	$	-	$	216,648	$	-
Total	$	216,648	$	-	$	216,648	$	-

Property and Equipment [Policy Text Block]

Property and Equipment - Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided principally on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are generally 3 to 10 years. The cost of repairs and maintenance is charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures for property betterments and renewals are capitalized. Upon sale or other disposition of a depreciable asset, cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in operating expenses.

Mineral Exploration and Development Costs [Policy Text Block]

Mineral Exploration and Development Costs – Exploration expenditures incurred prior to entering the development stage are expensed and included in mineral exploration and evaluation expense.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets [Policy Text Block]

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets – The Company reviews and evaluates long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The assets are subject to impairment consideration under ASC 360-10-35-17, Measurement of an Impairment Loss , if events or circumstances indicate that their carrying amount might not be recoverable.

Various factors could impact our ability to achieve forecasted production schedules. Additionally, commodity prices, capital expenditure requirements and reclamation costs could differ from the assumptions the Company may use in cash flow models used to assess impairment. The ability to achieve the estimated quantities of recoverable minerals from mineral interests involves further risks in addition to those factors applicable to mineral interests where proven and probable reserves have been identified, due to the lower level of confidence that the identified mineralized material can ultimately be mined economically.

The Company's policy is to record an impairment loss in the period when it is determined that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable either by impairment or by abandonment of the property. The impairment loss is calculated as the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds its fair value. No impairment expense was recognized for the six months ended October 31, 2016 and 2015.

Research and Development [Policy Text Block]

Research and Development - All research and development expenditures are expensed as incurred.

Per Share Amounts [Policy Text Block]

Per Share Amounts - Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. In computing diluted earnings per share, the weighted average number of shares outstanding is adjusted to reflect the effect of potentially dilutive securities. Potentially dilutive shares, such as stock options and warrants, are excluded from the calculation when their inclusion would be anti-dilutive, such as when the exercise price of the instrument exceeds the fair market value of the Company’s common stock and when a net loss is reported. The dilutive effect of convertible debt securities is reflected in the diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation using the if-converted method. Conversion of the debt securities is not assumed for purposes of calculating diluted earnings (loss) per share if the effect is anti-dilutive. As of October 31, 2016, and 2015, stock options and warrants outstanding were 163,825,129 and 159,785,129 respectively, but were not considered in the computation of diluted earnings per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

Income Taxes [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes – For interim reporting periods, the Company uses the annualized effective tax rate (“AETR”) method to calculate its income tax provision. Under this method, the AETR is applied to the interim year-to-date pre-tax losses to determine the income tax benefit or expense for the year-to-date period. The income tax benefit or expense for a quarter represents the difference between the year-to-date income tax benefit or expense for the current year-to-date period less such amount for the immediately preceding year-to-date period. Management considers the impact of all known events in its estimation of the Company’s annual operating results and AETR.

The Company follows the liability method of accounting for income taxes. This method recognizes certain temporary differences between the financial reporting basis of liabilities and assets and the related income tax basis for such liabilities and assets. This method generates either a net deferred income tax liability or asset as measured by the statutory tax rates in effect. The effect of a change in tax rates is recognized in operations in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company records a valuation allowance against any portion of those deferred income tax assets when it believes, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all the deferred income tax asset will not be realized.

Stock-Based Compensation [Policy Text Block]

Stock-Based Compensation – The Company accounts for share based payments in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation , which requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on the grant date fair value of the award. In accordance with ASC 718-10-30-9, Measurement Objective – Fair Value at Grant Date , the Company estimates the fair value of the award using a valuation technique. For this purpose, the Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company believes this model provides the best estimate of fair value due to its ability to incorporate inputs that change over time, such as volatility and interest rates. Compensation cost is recognized over the requisite service period which is generally equal to the vesting period. Upon exercise, shares issued will be newly issued shares from authorized common stock.

ASC 505, "Compensation-Stock Compensation", establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments to non-employees for goods or services. Under this transition method, stock compensation expense includes compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards granted on or after January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC 505.

Recent Accounting Standards [Policy Text Block]

Recent Accounting Standards – From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, management believes that the impact of recently issued standards did not or will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows upon adoption.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard (“ASU”) 2016-02, “Leases,” which requires lessees to put most leases on their balance sheets, but recognize the expenses on their income statements in a manner like current practice. ASU 2016-02 states that a lessee would recognize a lease liability for the obligation to make lease payments and a right-to-use asset for the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted. The standard will be effective for the Company beginning May 1, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact to its condensed financial statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, “Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes”, which simplifies income tax accounting. The update requires that all deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet instead of separating deferred taxes into current and noncurrent amounts. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standard had no impact on the condensed financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, “Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs”, which simplifies the presentation of debt issuance costs by requiring debt issuance costs to be presented as a deduction from the corresponding debt liability. The update is effective in fiscal years, including interim periods, beginning after December 15, 2015, and early adoption was permitted. The adoption of this standard had no impact on the condensed financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, “Disclosure of Uncertainties about Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern”. This standard requires management of public and private companies to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and, if so, disclose that fact. Management is also required to evaluate and disclose whether its plans alleviate that doubt. The standard is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Adoption of the new guidance is not expected to have an impact on the condensed financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ROYAL MINES & MINERALS CORP 10-Q