UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

☑☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

~~For~~ For the quarterly period ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2016~~2017.

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

for the transition period from _____ to _____.

Commission File Number

0-50481

AEOLUS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware		56-1953785
(State or Other Jurisdiction ofIncorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. EmployerIdentification No.)
26361 Crown Valley Parkway, Suite 150 Mission Viejo, California		92691
26361 Crown Valley Parkway, Suite 150Mission Viejo, California(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		92691(Zip Code)
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)949-481-9825

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ☑ ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the ~~preceding~~ preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant ~~was~~ was required to submit and post such files). YES ☑☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, ~~or a~~ smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, ~~and~~ “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☐ ~~Non~~Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) ☐Smaller ~~Accelerated~~reporting ~~filer~~company ☐☒ ~~Smaller~~Emerging ~~reporting~~growth company ☑☐

~~Indicate~~If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark ~~whether~~if the registrant has iselected anot ~~shell~~to ~~company~~use ~~(as~~the ~~defined~~extended intransition ~~Rule~~period for complying ~~12b-2~~with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act). ~~YES NO ☑~~ ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ☐ NO ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

~~Class~~ClassCommon ~~Common~~ Stock, par value $.01 per share Outstanding as ofofMay ~~February 17~~15, ~~2017 152~~2017152,085,825 shares

AEOLUS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

FORM 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2016~~2017

Table of Contents

		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		PAGE
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		3
Financial Statements		3
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2017 (unaudited) and September 30, 2016		3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016 (unaudited) and September 30, 2016	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited)		4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited)		5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)	5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)		6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	6
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		15
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	14
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		20
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	19
Controls and Procedures		21
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	20
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		20
Risk Factors		21
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	20
Exhibits		21
Item 6.	Exhibits	20
SIGNATURES		22

2 PART I.

~~PART I.~~ FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. ~~Financial Statements~~

Financial Statements

AEOLUS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

	December 31, 2016	September 30, 2016
	March 31, 2017	September 30, 2016
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$~~1,895~~981	$3,155
Accounts receivable	~~544~~603	750
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	~~178~~149	230
Total current assets	21,~~617~~733	4,135
Investment in CPEC LLC	32	32
Total assets	$21,~~649~~765	$4,167
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$~~514~~638	$972
Total current liabilities	~~514~~638	972
Total liabilities	~~514~~638	972
Commitments and contingencies (Note H)
Commitments and Contingencies (Note H)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value per share, 10,000,000 shares authorized:
Series A nonredeemable convertible preferred stock, 1,250,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively; no shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively	—	—
Series A nonredeemable convertible preferred stock, 1,250,000 shares authorized as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively; no shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016	—	—
Series B nonredeemable convertible preferred stock, 1,600,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively; no shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively	—	—
Series B nonredeemable convertible preferred stock, 1,600,000 shares authorized as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively; no shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016	—	—
Series C nonredeemable convertible preferred stock, 5,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively; 4,500 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively	—	—
Series C nonredeemable convertible preferred stock, 5,000 and zero shares authorized as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively; 4,500 and zero shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016	—	—
Common stock, $.01 par value per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 152,085,825 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively	1,520	1,520
Common stock, $.01 par value per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 152,085,825 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016	1,520	1,520
Additional paid-in capital	191,~~890~~917	191,863
Accumulated deficit	(~~191~~192,~~275~~310)	(190,188)
Total stockholders’ equity	2,135	3,195
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)	1,127	3,195
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$2,649	$4,167
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)	$1,765	$4,167

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

AEOLUS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share data)

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	Three months EndedMarch 31,		Six Months EndedMarch 31,
	2016	2015
	2017	2016	2017	2016
Revenue:
Contract revenue	$83129	$~~305~~565	$212	$870
Costs and expenses:
Research and development	~~489~~594	~~492~~501	1,082	993
General and administrative	~~681~~570	~~561~~693	1,252	1,254
Total costs and expenses	1,~~170~~164	1,~~053~~194	2,334	2,247
Loss from operations	(1,~~087~~035)	(~~748~~629)	(2,122)	(1,377)
Interest expense	—	~~285~~—	—	(285)
Net loss	(1,~~087~~035)	(~~1,033~~629)	(2,122)	(1,662)
Deemed dividend on Series C preferred stock	—	~~580~~1,906	—	2,486
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$(1,~~087~~035)	$(12,~~613~~535)	$(2,122)	$(4,148)
Net loss per weighted share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic net loss per common share	$(0.01)	$(0.01)
Basic (Note E)	$(0.01)	$(0.02)	$(0.01)	$(0.03)
Diluted net loss per common share	$(0.01)	$(0.01)
Diluted (Note E)	$(0.01)	$(0.02)	$(0.01)	$(0.03)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	152,~~086~~085	~~139~~151,~~439~~560	152,085	145,466
Diluted	152,~~086~~085	~~139~~151,~~439~~560	152,085	145,466

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

AEOLUS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	Six Months Ended March 31,
	2016	2015
	2017	2016
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$(12,~~087~~122)	$(1,~~033~~662)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Amortization of discount on note payable to shareholders	—	273
Accrued interest	—	12
Noncash compensation	27	38
Non-cash compensation	54	74
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	~~206~~147	~~714~~219
Deferred subcontractor cost	—	21(176)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	5281	(21111)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(~~458~~334)	(~~802~~567)
Deferred revenue	—	~~(22)~~183
Net cash used in operating activities	(12,~~260~~174)	(~~820~~1,755)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and common stock warrants, net	—	2,005
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and common stock warrants, net	—	4,165
Net cash provided by financing activities	—	6,170
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(12,~~260~~174)	54,~~350~~415
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	3,155	94
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$~~1,895~~981	$54,~~444~~509
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:
Conversion of note payable to shareholders for common stock and warrants	$—	$1,000
Conversion of accrued interest on note payable to shareholders for common stock and warrants	$—	$12
Issuance of warrants for financing costs	$—	$266
Deemed dividend on Series C preferred stock	$—	$~~580~~2,486

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

AEOLUS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

A. ~~Organization, Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies~~

Organization, Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Organization

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Aeolus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Aeolus Sciences, Inc. (collectively, “we,” “us,” “Company” or “Aeolus”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Aeolus is a Delaware corporation. The Company’s primary operations are located in Mission Viejo, California.

Business

Aeolus is developing a platform of novel compounds, known as metalloporphyrins, for use in biodefense, fibrosis, oncology, infectious disease and diseases of the central nervous system. ~~Our~~Its lead compound, AEOL 10150, is being developed as a medical countermeasure against the pulmonary effects of radiation exposure under a contract (“BARDA Contract”) valued at up to $118.4 million with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“BARDA”), a division of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”). Aeolus is in its sixth year under the BARDA Contract ~~and has billed BARDA for 30~~.4 ~~million~~On ofMarch ~~the~~23, ~~30.8 million total contract value exercised~~2017, bywe ~~BARDA.~~announced ~~Aeolus~~that ~~also~~we ~~receives~~had ~~development~~received ~~support~~notification from the Assistant ~~National~~Secretary ~~Institutes~~for ofPreparedness ~~Health~~and Response (“~~NIH~~ASPR”) ~~for development~~that ofBARDA ~~the~~had ~~compound~~elected asnot ~~a medical countermeasure against radiation and exposure~~ to ~~chemical~~exercise ~~and~~additional ~~nerve~~options ~~agents.~~under ~~Our strategy is to leverage~~ the ~~substantial investment in toxicology, manufacturing, and~~ ~~preclinical~~contract ~~and~~at ~~clinical~~this ~~studies~~time ~~made~~based byupon USan ~~Government~~“In-Process ~~agencies in~~Review” ~~AEOL 10150 to develop the compound for the treatment of lung fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis~~ (“~~IPF~~IPR”) ~~and~~meeting asheld awith ~~treatment~~BARDA toon ~~reduce~~February ~~side~~2, ~~effects caused by radiation toxicity and improve local tumor control in cancer therapy~~2017. The ~~Company~~notification isdid ~~also~~not ~~developing~~terminate ~~AEOL~~the ~~11114~~BARDA asContract, awhich ~~treatment~~currently ~~for~~has ~~Parkinson’s disease and AEOL 20415 as~~ a ~~treatment~~ ~~for~~term ~~cystic fibrosis and diseases~~ that ~~have~~runs ~~developed~~through ~~a resistance~~May ~~to existing antibiotic and anti-viral therapies~~2019.

We plan to continue discussions with BARDA to determine the possibility of additional option exercises to continue the development work under the contract. The goal of the BARDA contract is to achieve FDA approval for 10150 and the development of commercial manufacturing capability. In order to achieve these goals, we believe it will be necessary for BARDA to exercise additional options under the contract, or for us to obtain funding from other governmental agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH). As of the date of this report, we cannot provide guidance on whether BARDA is likely to exercise further options or whether NIH will provide additional funding. If all of the options were exercised by BARDA, the total value of the contract would be approximately $118.4 million.

Aeolus also receives development support from the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”) for development of the compound as a medical countermeasure against radiation and exposure to chemical and nerve agents. Aeolus' strategy is to leverage the substantial investment in toxicology, manufacturing, and preclinical and clinical studies made by U.S. Government agencies in AEOL 10150 to develop the compound for the treatment of lung fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (“IPF”) and as a treatment to reduce side effects caused by radiation toxicity and improve local tumor control in cancer therapy. The Company is also developing AEOL 11114 as a treatment for Parkinson’s disease and AEOL 20415 as a treatment for infection related to cystic fibrosis and diseases that have developed a resistance to existing antibiotic and anti-viral therapies.

Basis of Presentation

All significant intercompany activity has been eliminated in the preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Some information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2016 was derived from the Company’s audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on December 20, 2016.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company invests available cash in short-term bank deposits. Cash and cash equivalents include investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximate their fair market value at December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016 due to their short-term nature.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company invests available cash in short-term bank deposits. Cash and cash equivalents include investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximate their fair market value at March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016 due to their short-term nature.

Significant customers and accounts receivable

For the six months ended March 31, 2017, the Company’s primary customer was BARDA, which comprised 100% of total revenues. As of March 31, 2017, the Company’s receivable balances were comprised 100% from this customer. Unbilled accounts receivable, included in accounts receivable, totaling $496,000 and $490,000 as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively, relate to work that has been performed, though invoicing has not yet occurred. All of the unbilled receivables are expected to be billed and collected within the next 12 months. Accounts receivable are stated at invoice amounts and consist primarily of amounts due from HHS. If necessary, the Company records a provision for doubtful receivables to allow for any amounts that may be unrecoverable. This provision is based upon an analysis of the Company’s prior collection experience, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends. As of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, an allowance for doubtful accounts was not recorded as the collection history from the Company’s customer indicated that collection was probable.

Concentrations of credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with high quality financial institutions. Management believes that the financial risks associated with its cash and cash equivalents and investments are minimal. Because accounts receivable consist primarily of amounts due from the U.S. federal government agencies, management deems there to be minimal credit risk.

Revenue Recognition

Aeolus recognizes revenue in accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized when all of the following criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery (or passage of title) has occurred or services have been rendered, (iii) the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured.

The BARDA Contract is classified as a “cost-plus-fixed-fee” contract. Aeolus recognizes government contract revenue in accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition including the authoritative guidance specific to federal government contracts. Reimbursable costs under the contract primarily include direct labor, subcontract costs, materials, equipment, travel, and indirect costs. In addition, ~~the~~we ~~Company~~receive ~~receives~~ a fixed fee under the BARDA Contract, which is unconditionally earned as allowable costs are incurred and is not contingent on success factors. ~~Reimbursable~~ Reimbursable costs under the BARDA Contract, including the fixed fee, are ~~generally~~ recognized as revenue in the period the reimbursable costs are incurred and become billable.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of Aeolus’ short-term financial instruments, which include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, ~~debt and redemption liability,~~ approximate their fair values due to their short maturities.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, for financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

ASC Topic 820 discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). The statement utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:

●

Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

●

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

●

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are expensed in the period incurred.

Leases

The Company leases office space and office equipment under month to month operating lease agreements. For the ~~three~~six months ended ~~December~~ March 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~2015~~2016, total rent expense was approximately $1121,000 and $1121,000, respectively.

Income Taxes

The ~~Company~~ Company recognizes liabilities or assets for the deferred tax ~~consequences~~ consequences of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets or liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. These temporary differences will result in taxable or ~~deductible~~ deductible amounts in future years when the reported amounts of the assets or liabilities are recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is established when management determines that is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. Management evaluates the Company’s ability to realize its net deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis and valuation allowances are provided, as necessary. During this evaluation, management reviews its forecasts of income in conjunction with other positive and negative evidence surrounding the Company’s ability to realize its deferred tax assets to determine if a valuation allowance is required. Adjustments to the valuation allowance will increase or decrease the Company’s income tax provision or benefit. Management also applies the relevant guidance to determine the amount of income tax expense or benefit to be allocated among continuing operations, discontinued operations, and items charged or credited directly to stockholders’ equity (deficit).

A tax position must meet a minimum probability threshold before a financial statement benefit is recognized. The minimum threshold is a tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the applicable taxing authority, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation process, based on the technical merits of the position. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense.

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

The Company computes net income ~~(loss)~~ attributable to common ~~stockholders~~ stockholders using the two-class method required for participating securities. Under the two-class method, securities that participate in in dividends, such as the Company’s outstanding preferred shares, preferred warrants, and most common stock warrants, are considered “participating securities.” Our preferred shares, preferred warrants and common stock warrants are considered “participating securities” because they include non-forfeitable rights to dividends.

In applying the two-class method, (i) basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (less any dividends paid on participating securities) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and participating securities outstanding for the period and (ii) diluted earnings per share may include the additional effect of other securities, if dilutive, in which case the dilutive effect of such securities is calculated using the treasury stock method. The Company does have other securities with a dilutive effect outstanding, so the Company’s basic net income (loss) per share uses the two-class method and diluted net income (loss) per share uses the treasury stock method.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognizes stock based compensation expense in the statement of operations based upon the fair value of the equity award amortized over the vesting period.

Segment Reporting

The Company currently operates in one segment.

B. ~~Liquidity~~

As of December 31, 2016, the Company had approximately $1,895,000 of cash and cash equivalents, a decrease of $1,260,000 from September 30, 2016. The decrease in cash was primarily due to cash used in operations. In order to fund on-going operating cash requirements, or to accelerate or expand our oncology and other programs, we may need to raise significant additional funds.Liquidity

~~The~~Due to ~~Company~~unexpected ~~had~~recent adevelopments ~~net~~in ~~loss~~the ofBARDA $1Contract,~~087,000~~ ~~for~~ the ~~three months ended~~Company ~~December~~has ~~31,~~expressed ~~2016,~~substantial ~~compared~~doubt toabout aits ~~net~~ability ~~loss~~to ofcontinue ~~$1,033,000~~as ~~for the~~a ~~three~~going ~~months~~concern ~~ended~~given ~~December 31, 2015. For~~ the ~~same~~Company’s ~~periods,~~recurring wenet ~~had~~losses, negative cash ~~outflows~~flows from operations ofand ~~approximately~~working ~~$1,260,000~~capital ~~and~~deficiency. The Company had cash ~~outflows~~ ~~from~~and ~~operations~~cash equivalents of ~~approximately~~ $~~820~~981,000, ~~respectively~~on March 31, ~~with~~2017, ~~the~~and ~~outflows~~$3,155,000 ~~increasing~~on inSeptember 30, 2016. ~~due~~The todecrease ~~lower~~in ~~revenue from~~cash ~~BARDA~~was ~~and~~primarily ~~the~~due ~~timing~~to of cash ~~flows~~used ~~related~~in ~~to accounts~~operating ~~payable~~activities.

8 The Company has incurred significant losses since its inception. At March 31, 2017, the Company’s accumulated deficit was $192,310,000. This raises substantial doubt about Aeolus’ ability to continue as a going concern, which will be dependent on the Company’s ability to generate sufficient cash flows to meet the Company’s obligations on a timely basis, obtain additional financing and, ultimately, achieve operating profits through product sales or BARDA procurements. The Company intends to explore strategic and financial alternatives, which may include a merger or acquisition with or by another company, the sale of shares of stock and/or convertible debentures, the establishment of new collaborations for current research programs that include initial cash payments and on-going research support and the out-licensing of the Company’s compounds for development by a third party. The Company believes that without additional investment capital it will not have sufficient cash to fund its activities in the near future, and will not be able to continue operating. As such, the Company’s continuation as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to raise additional financing. If the Company is unable to obtain additional financing to fund operations, it will need to eliminate some or all of its activities, merge with another company, sell some or all of its assets to another company, or cease operations entirely. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms or at all, or that the Company will be able to merge with another Company or sell any or all of its assets.

Our ongoing future cash requirements will depend on numerous factors, particularly the progress of our development programs, clinical trials and our ability to negotiate and complete collaborative agreements or out-licensing arrangementsC. In order to help fund our on-going operating cash requirements, we intend to seek new collaborations for our antioxidant research program that include initial cash payments and on-going research support. In addition, we might sell additional shares of our stock and/or convertible debentures and explore other strategic and financial alternatives, including a merger with another company, the sale of stock and/or debt, the establishment of new collaborations for current research programs that include initial cash payments and ongoing research support and the out-licensing of our compounds for development by a third party. We expect to incur additional losses and negative cash flow from operations for several more years.

~~Under~~Stockholders’ the BARDA Contract, substantially all of the costs of the development of 10150 as a medical countermeasure for pulmonary injuries resulting from an acute exposure to radiation from a radiological/nuclear accident or attack, particularly injuries associated with ARS or DEARE could be paid for by the U.S. government through BARDA funding. We recognized approximately $83,000 in revenue during the three months ended December 31, 2016 related to the BARDA Contract. As of December 31, 2016, the total contract value exercised by BARDA under the BARDA Contract is $30.8 million. From inception of the BARDA Contract, we have billed BARDA approximately $30.4 million. The lower revenue in this quarter reflected the smaller number of tasks in progress under the BARDA Contract compared to prior periods. The net result of this decreased billing has been a decrease in our ability to charge operational costs to the BARDA Contract, resulting in a higher than normal cash burn.Equity

C. Stockholders’ Equity

Preferred Stock

The Certificate of Incorporation of the Company authorizes the issuance of up to 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, at a par value of $0.01 per share, of which 1,250,000 shares are designated Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, 1,600,000 shares are designated Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series B Stock”) and 5,000 shares are designated Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series C Stock”). The Board of Directors has the authority to issue Preferred Stock in one or more series, to fix the designation and number of shares of each such series, and to determine or change the designation, relative rights, preferences, and limitations of any series of Preferred Stock, without any further vote or action by the stockholders of the Company.

As of ~~December~~March 31, ~~2016~~2017, 4,500 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock were outstanding. There are no shares of Series A ~~Convertible Preferred~~and ~~Stock or~~ Series B Convertible Preferred Stock issued or outstanding.

The Series C Stock is non-voting stock. Each share of Series C Stock is convertible into 4,545 shares of our common stock except to the extent such conversion would result in such holder of Series C Stock, and its affiliates, owning in the aggregate more than 9.99% of the outstanding common stock. Dividends on the Series C Stock are due whenever dividends are due on the Company’s common stock on an as-if-converted basis, but shall be subordinate to any dividends due to holders of the Company's Series B Stock as a result of such common stock dividends. The Series C Stock shall also be junior to the Series B Stock in the event of liquidation of the Company.

On December 10, 2015, the Company entered into securities purchase agreements with certain accredited investors to sell and issue 4,500 preferred stock units issued to existing investors, Biotechnology Value Fund, L.P. and other affiliates of BVF Partners, L.P., for an aggregate purchase price of $4,500,000. The preferred units collectively consist of (i) 4,500 shares of Series C Stock of the Company that are collectively convertible into an aggregate of 20,454,546 shares of common stock and (ii) warrants to purchase an aggregate of 20,454,546 shares of common stock, in each case subject to adjustment. The warrants have an initial exercise price of $0.22 per share. The warrants may not be exercised until after 90 days following the date of issuance. The Series C Stock and warrants contain provisions restricting the conversion or exercise of such securities in circumstances where such event would result in the holder and its affiliates to beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock.

The fair value of the December 10, 2015 financing warrants issued was estimated to be $4,476,000 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: dividend yield of 0%, expected volatility of 109.74%, risk free interest rate of 1.67%, and an expected life equal to the five year contractual term. The proceeds from the December 10, 2015 financing were allocated based upon the relative fair values of the warrants and preferred shares issued in the transaction.

The allocation of the proceeds based on relative fair values of the instruments resulted in recognition of a discount on the Series C Preferred Stock of $2,486,000 from a beneficial conversion feature, which was being amortized from the date of issuance to the earliest redemption date of 90 days post issuance. For the quarter ended December 31, 2015 the Company recognized $580,000 of amortization of the discount on Series C Preferred Stock as deemed dividends charged to additional paid in capital. There was no amortization in the quarter ended December 31, 2016 as the full value of the beneficial conversion feature was fully amortized in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016. The value of the beneficial conversion feature is calculated as the difference between the effective conversion price of the Series C Preferred Stock and the fair market value of the common stock into which the Series C Preferred Stock are convertible at the commitment date.

The allocation of the proceeds based on relative fair values of the instruments resulted in recognition of a discount on the Series C Preferred Stock of $2,486,000 from a beneficial conversion feature, which was amortized from the date of issuance to the earliest redemption date of 90 days post issuance. For the six months ended March 31, 2016 the Company recognized $2,486,000 of amortization of the discount on Series C Preferred Stock as deemed dividends charged to additional paid in capital. There was no amortization in the six months ended March 31, 2017 as the full value of the beneficial conversion feature was fully amortized in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016.The value of the beneficial conversion feature is calculated as the difference between the effective conversion price of the Series C Preferred Stock and the fair market value of the common stock into which the Series C Preferred Stock are convertible at the commitment date.

Common Stock

On December 10, 2015, the Company entered into securities purchase agreements with certain accredited investors to sell and issue ~~(i)~~ an aggregate of 10,215,275 common units issued at a purchase price of of $0.22 per unit. Each common unit consists of one share of the Company’s common stock and a five year warrant to purchase one share of the Company’s common stock, subject to adjustment. The warrants may not be exercised until after 90 days following the date of issuance. The warrants contain provisions restricting the conversion or exercise of such securities in circumstances where such event would result in the holder and its affiliates to beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock.

On September 29, 2015, the Company received funding in the form of convertible promissory notes (the “BVF Notes”) from Biotechnology Value Fund, L.P. and certain other affiliates of BVF Partners, L.P. The BVF Notes had an aggregate principal balance of $1,000,000, accrue interest at a rate of 6% per annum and had a scheduled maturity date of September 28, 2016. The outstanding principal and accrued interest on the BVF Notes were automatically convertible into Company equity securities, provided a qualified financing of not less than $4,000,000 occurred.

On December 11, 2015, following the completion of a qualified financing (consisting of the common units and preferred units involving aggregate proceeds of $6,747,000 described above and under “Preferred Stock,”) the principal and accrued interest amounts under the BVF Notes were converted into 5,414,402 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase an additional 5,414,402 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price per share of $0.22 subject to adjustment. As a result, the BVF Notes were no longer outstanding as of that date.

Net cash proceeds from the December 10, 2015 financing, after deducting for $577,000 of expenses, were approximately $6,170,000. The Company also incurred non-cash expenses in the form of 1,214,027 warrants issued to the placement agents with an estimated fair value of $266,000, at similar terms as the financing warrants, for services provided. These warrants were recorded to additional paid in capital as a direct cost of the financing. The Company issued a total of 37,298,250 warrants in connection with the December 10, 2015 financing.

The fair value of the December 10, 2015 financing warrants and December 11, 2015 warrants issued for conversion of the BVF notes was estimated to be $3,420,000 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: dividend yield of 0%, expected volatility of 109.74%, risk free interest rate of 1.67%, and an expected life equal to the five year contractual term. The proceeds from the December 10, 2015 financing and December 11, 2015 conversion of the BVF Notes were allocated based upon the relative fair values of the warrants and common shares issued in the transactions.

Dividends

The Company has never paid a cash dividend on its common stock and does not anticipate paying cash dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future. If the Company pays a cash dividend on its common stock, it also must pay the same dividend on an as converted basis on its outstanding Series C Stock.

Warrants

As of December 31, 2016, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 52,947,877 shares of common stock were outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $0.23 per share. Details of the warrants for common stock outstanding at December 31, 2016 are as follows:

Number of Shares	Exercise Price	Expiration Date
1,337,627	$0.40	March 2017
325,000	$0.40	April 2017
300,000	$0.258	June 2017
50,000	$0.26	June 2017
140,000	$0.35	October 2017
12,205,000	$0.25	February 2018
1,242,000	$0.25	March 2018
50,000	$0.49	January 2020
37,298,250	$0.22	December 2020
52,947,877

~~Below~~ ~~is a summary of warrant activity (“common and preferred”) for the three months ended December 31, 2016:~~Warrants

		Weighted Average
	Number of Shares	Exercise Price	Remaining Contractual Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at 9/30/2016	52,947,877	$0.23	3.3	$-
Granted	-	$-	-	$-
Exercised	-	$-	-	$-
Expired or Canceled	-	$-	-	$-
Forfeited	-	$-	-	$-
Vested	-	$-	-	$-
Outstanding at 12/31/2016	52,947,877	$0.23	3.1	$-

As of March 31, 2017, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 51,610,250 shares of common stock were outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $0.24 per share. Details of the warrants for common stock outstanding at March 31, 2017 are as follows:

D. Stock-Based Compensation

Number of Shares	Exercise Price	Expiration Date
325,000	$0.40	April 2017
300,000	$0.258	June 2017
50,000	$0.26	June 2017
140,000	$0.35	October 2017
12,205,000	$0.25	February 2018
1,242,000	$0.25	March 2018
50,000	$0.49	January 2020
37,298,250	$0.22	December 2020
51,610,250

Below is a summary of ~~stock~~warrant ~~option~~ activity for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~December~~ March 31, ~~2016~~ 2017:

		Weighted Average
	Number of Shares	Exercise Price	Remaining Contractual Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at 9/30/2016	1252,~~204~~947,~~000~~877	$0.3823	53.03	$1-
Granted	~~450,000~~-	$~~0.20~~-	-	$-
Exercised	-	$-	-	$-
Expired or Canceled	(~~231~~1,~~000~~337,627)	$0.6240	-	$-
Forfeited	-	$-	-	$-
Outstanding at 12/31/2016	12,423,000	$0.37	5.0	$1
Vested	-	$-	-	$-
Outstanding at 3/31/2017	51,610,250	$0.23	2.9	$-

~~For the~~Below ~~three~~is ~~months~~a ~~ended~~summary ~~December~~of ~~31,~~warrant ~~2016,~~activity ~~all~~for ~~stock options were granted with an exercise price at or above~~ the ~~fair~~six ~~market~~months ~~value~~ended ~~of the~~March ~~Company’s common stock on the date of grant.~~31, 2017:

The details of stock options for the three months ended December 31, 2016 were as follows:

		Weighted Average
	Number of Shares	Exercise Price	Remaining Contractual Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at 9/30/2015	16,845,664	$0.27	2.2	$206,626
Granted	37,298,250	$0.22	4.7	$1,864,913
Exercised	-	$-	-	$-
Expired or Canceled	(896,037)	$0.01	-	$156,000
Forfeited	-	$-	-	$-
Vested	-	$-	-	$-
Outstanding at 3/31/2016	53,247,877	$0.24	3.8	$-

	Options Outstanding			Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices	Number Outstanding At December 31, 2016	Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)	Number Exercisable At December 31, 2016	Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years)
$0.19-$0.20	700,000	$0.19	9.54	262,498	$0.19	9.33
$0.21-$0.30	3,537,500	$0.27	5.58	3,537,500	$0.27	5.58
$0.31-$0.40	6,551,500	$0.39	4.58	6,551,500	$0.39	4.58
$0.41-$0.50	502,000	$0.45	4.99	502,000	$0.45	4.99
$0.51-$0.60	791,250	$0.58	3.07	791,250	$0.58	3.07
$0.61-$0.70	4,000	$0.69	0.20	4,000	$0.69	0.20
$0.71-$0.80	80,750	$0.76	3.97	80,750	$3.97	3.97
$0.81-$0.90	254,000	$0.90	0.53	254,000	$0.90	0.53
$0.91-$1.19	2,000	$1.19	0.33	2,000	$1.19	0.33
	12,423,000	$0.37	4.97	11,985,498	$0.38	4.80

~~Stock-based compensation expense recognized in the statement of operations is as follows (in thousands):~~D.

	For the three months ended
	December 31,
	2016	2015
General and Administrative Expenses	$27	$38
	$27	$38

Stock-Based Compensation

~~The~~Below ~~total~~is ~~unrecognized~~a ~~compensation~~summary ~~expense~~of ~~for outstanding and unvested~~ stock ~~options~~option activity for the ~~three~~six months ended March ~~December~~ 31, 2016 was $59,000. The weighted average remaining recognition period for the total unrecognized compensation expense is approximately eight months. The fair value of the options associated with the above compensation expense was determined at the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions2017:

	For the three months ended December 31,
		Weighted Average
	2016	2015
	Number of Shares	Exercise Price	Remaining Contractual Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Dividend yield	0%	0%
Outstanding at 9/30/2016	12,204,000	$0.38	5.0	$1,125
Unvested forfeiture rate	1.58%	7.87%
Granted	700,000	$0.20	-	$-
Expected volatility	107%	117%
Exercised	-	$-	-	$-
Risk-free interest rate	1.17%	1.42%
Expired or Canceled	(237,000)	$0.62	-	$-
Expected term	5.27 years	5.27 years
Forfeited	-	$-	-	$-
Outstanding at 3/31/2017	12,667,000	$0.37	4.8	$-

E.For the six months ended March 31, 2017, all stock options were granted ~~Net~~with ~~Income~~an ~~(Loss)~~exercise ~~Per~~price ~~Common~~at ~~Share~~or above the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

~~The~~Below ~~Company~~is ~~computes~~a ~~basic~~summary ~~net income (loss) per weighted average share attributable to common stockholders using the weighted average number~~ of ~~shares of common~~ stock ~~outstanding~~option ~~during~~activity the period. The Company computes diluted net income (loss) per weighted average share attributable to common stockholders using the weighted average number of shares of common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares outstanding consist of stock options, convertible debt, warrants and convertible preferred stock using the treasury stock method and are excluded if their effect is anti-dilutive. Diluted weighted average common shares did not include any incremental shares for ~~the~~ ~~three months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. Diluted weighted average common shares excluded incremental shares of approximately 85,825,000 and 87,697,000, respectively, for~~ the ~~three~~six months ended ~~2016~~March ~~and 2015~~31, ~~due to their anti-dilutive effect.~~2016:

	For three months ended December 31,
		Weighted Average
	2016	2015
	Number of Shares	Exercise Price	Remaining Contractual Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
	(in thousands, except per share data)
Outstanding at 9/30/2015	12,164,591	$0.42	5.4	$5,963
Numerator:
Granted	700,000	$0.23	-	$-
Net loss	$(1,087)	$(1,033)
Exercised	-	$-	-	$-
Less deemed dividend on Series C preferred stock	—	(580)
Expired or Canceled	(101,591)	$0.94	-	$-
Net loss attributable to common stockholders – basic	$(1,087)	$(1,613)
Forfeited	-	$-	-	$-
Net loss attributable to common stockholders – diluted	$(1,087)	$(1,613)
Outstanding at 3/31/2016	12,763,000	$0.40	5.2	$3,625
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders – basic	152,086	139,439
Effect of potentially dilutive securities:
Common stock warrants	—	—
Convertible preferred stock	—	—
Common stock options	—	—
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders – diluted	152,086	139,439
Basic net loss per common share	$(0.01)	$(0.01)
Diluted net loss per common share	$(0.01)	$(0.01)

For the six months ended March 31, 2016, all stock options were granted with an exercise price at or above the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

The details of stock options for the six months ended March 31, 2017 were as follows:

	Options Outstanding			Options Exercisable
			Weighted			Weighted
	Number	Weighted	Average	Number	Weighted	Average
Range of	Outstanding	Average	Remaining	Exercisable	Average	Remaining
Exercise	at March	Exercise	Contractual	At March	Exercise	Contractual
Prices	31, 2017	Price	Life (in years)	31, 2017	Price	Life (in years)
$0.19-$0.20	950,000	$0.20	9.46	437,498	$0.19	9.17
$0.21-$0.30	3,537,500	$0.27	5.33	3,537,500	$0.27	5.33
$0.31-$0.40	6,551,500	$0.39	4.33	6,551,500	$0.39	4.33
$0.41-$0.50	500,000	$0.45	4.77	500,000	$0.45	4.77
$0.51-$0.60	791,250	$0.58	2.82	791,250	$0.58	2.82
$0.61-$1.19	336,750	$0.87	1.11	336,750	$0.87	1.11

F.Stock-based compensation expense recognized in the statement of operations is ~~Debt~~as follows (in thousands):

	For the three months ended March 31,		For the six months ended March 31,
	2017	2016	2017	2016
Research and Development Expenses	$—	$—	$—	$—
General and Administrative Expenses	27	36	54	74
	$27	$36	$54	$74

The total deferred compensation expense for outstanding and unvested stock options as of March 31, 2017 was $68,000. The weighted average remaining recognition period for the total deferred compensation expense is approximately eight months. The fair value of the options associated with the above compensation expense was determined at the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

	For the three months ended March 31,		For the six months ended March 31,
	2017	2016	2017	2016
Dividend yield	0%	0%	0%	0%
Pre-vest forfeiture rate	18.40%	18.95%	7.59%	7.87%
Expected volatility	105.84%	111.31%	107.10%	117.14%
Risk-free interest rate	2.05%	1.42%	1.49%	1.42%
Expected term	5.27 years	5.27 years	5.27 years	5.27 years

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

The Company computes basic net income (loss) per weighted average share attributable to common stockholders using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company computes diluted net income (loss) per weighted average share attributable to common stockholders using the weighted average number of shares of common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares outstanding consist of stock options, warrants and convertible preferred stock using the treasury stock method and are excluded if their effect is anti-dilutive. Diluted weighted average common shares did not include any incremental shares for the six months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Diluted weighted average common shares excluded incremental shares of approximately 84,732,000 and 86,992,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, due to their anti-dilutive effect.

	For the three months ended March 31,		For the six months ended March 31,
	2017	2016	2017	2016
	(in thousands, except per share data)
Numerator:
Net loss	$(1,035)	$(629)	$(2,122)	$(1,662)
Less deemed dividend on Series C preferred stock	—	(1,906)	—	(2,486)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders – basic	$(1,035)	$(2,535)	$(2,122)	$(4,148)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders – diluted	$(1,035)	$(2,535)	$(2,122)	$(4,148)

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per
share attributable to common stockholders – basic	152,085	151,560	152,085	145,466
Effect of potentially dilutive securities:
Common stock warrants	—	—	—	—
Convertible preferred stock	—	—	—	—
Common stock options	—	—	—	—
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss
per share attributable to common stockholders – diluted	152,085	151,560	152,085	145,466
Basic net loss per common share	$(0.01)	$(0.02)	$(0.01)	$(0.03)
Diluted net loss per common share	$(0.01)	$(0.02)	$(0.01)	$(0.03)

Debt

Convertible Promissory Notes

On September 29, 2015, the Company received funding from existing investors, Biotechnology Value Fund, L.P. and other affiliates of BVF Partners, L.P., in exchange for ~~issuance of~~ convertible promissory notes (the "Notes").

The Notes ~~had~~have an aggregate principal balance of $1,000,000, ~~accrued~~accrue interest at a rate of 6% per annum and ~~had~~have a scheduled maturity date of September 28, 2016 (the “Maturity Date”). The outstanding principal and accrued interest on the Notes shall automatically convert into Company equity securities issued in a Qualified Financing (as defined below) at a conversion rate carrying a 15% discount to the lowest price per share (or share equivalent) issued in a Qualified Financing (an “Automatic Conversion”). If, prior to the Maturity Date, the Company enters into an agreement pertaining to a Corporate Transaction (as defined below) and the Notes have not been previously converted pursuant to an Automatic Conversion, then, the outstanding principal balance and unpaid accrued interest of the Notes shall automatically convert in whole into the right of the holder to receive, in lieu of any other payment and in cancellation of the Notes, an amount in cash upon closing of the Corporate Transaction equal to two times the outstanding principal amount of the Notes.

For purposes of the foregoing: "Qualified Financing" means a bona fide new money equity securities financing on or before the Maturity Date with total proceeds to the Company of not less than four million dollars; and “Corporate Transaction” means a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets or a consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any other corporation or other entity or person, or any other corporate reorganization, in which the stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such consolidation, merger or reorganization own less than fifty percent (50%) of the voting power of the surviving entity immediately after such consolidation, merger or reorganization.

As of September 30, 2015, the $1,000,000 principal balance of the Notes was recorded in the financial statements at face value, net of a discount of $273,000, as a result of separating the fair value of the Qualified Financing redemption discount (“Redemption Feature”) of 15% on the price per share in the Notes. The Redemption Feature qualifies as a derivative and is subject to fair value treatment. The Redemption Feature is amortized over the expected life of the derivative, and the amortization expense is presented with the interest expense from the Notes, yielding an effective interest rate of 40% that is different than the 6% stated in the Notes.

On December 11, 2015, following the completion of a Qualified Financing described above, the principal and accrued interest amounts under the Notes were converted into 5,414,402 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase an additional 5,414,402 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price per share of $0.22 subject to adjustment. As a result, the Notes were no longer outstanding as of that date.

13 G.

G. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") that are adopted by us as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, we believe that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations upon adoption.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2015-14 ~~Revenue~~, which deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09 Revenue ~~from~~ from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), which updates the ~~principles~~ principles for recognizing revenue. ASU 2014-09 also amends the ~~required~~ required disclosures of the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. ~~ASU~~ ASU 2014-09 is now effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is evaluating the potential impacts of the new standard on its existing revenue recognition policies and procedures.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. ASU 2014-15 requires that an entity's management evaluate whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and for interim periods thereafter. The Company is evaluating the potential impacts of this new standard on its quarterly reporting process.14

HIn August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. ASU 2014-15 requires that an entity's management evaluate whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt ~~Commitments~~about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016 and for interim periods thereafter. The Company is evaluating the potential impacts of this new standard on its financial reporting process.

The Company acquires assets still in development and enters into research and development arrangements with third parties that often require milestone and royalty payments to the third party contingent upon the occurrence of certain future events linked to the success of the asset in developmentH. Milestone payments may be required, contingent upon the successful achievement of an important point in the development life-cycle of the pharmaceutical product (e.g., approval of the product for marketing by a regulatory agency). If required by the arrangement, the Company may have to make royalty payments based upon a percentage of the sales of the pharmaceutical product in the event that regulatory approval for marketing is obtained. Because of the contingent nature of these payments, they are not included in the table of contractual obligations. No milestones have been met, nor have any payments been paid, as of December 31, 2016.

We are also obligated to pay patent filing, prosecution, maintenance and defense costs, if any, for the intellectual property we have licensed from National Jewish Health, National Jewish Medical and Research Center and Duke University.Commitments

The Company acquires assets still in development and enters into research and development arrangements with third parties that often require milestone and royalty payments to the third party contingent upon the occurrence of certain future events linked to the success of the asset in development. Milestone payments may be required, contingent upon the successful achievement of an important point in the development life-cycle of the pharmaceutical product (e.g., approval of the product for marketing by a regulatory agency). If required by the arrangement, the Company may have to make royalty payments based upon a percentage of the sales of the pharmaceutical product in the event that regulatory approval for marketing is obtained. Because of the contingent nature of these payments, they are not included in the table of contractual obligations. No milestones have been met, nor have any payments been paid, as of March 31, 2017.

These arrangements may be material individually, and in the unlikely event that milestones for multiple products covered by these arrangements were reached in the same period, the aggregate charge to expense could be material to the results of operations in any one period. In addition, these arrangements often give Aeolus the discretion to unilaterally terminate development of the product, which would allow Aeolus to avoid making the contingent payments; however, Aeolus is unlikely to cease development if the compound successfully achieves clinical testing objectives.

Item 2. ~~Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations~~

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Introduction

Unless otherwise noted, the terms “we,” “our” or “us” refer collectively to Aeolus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiary, Aeolus Sciences, Inc.

This report contains, in addition to historical information, statements by us with respect to expectations about our business and future results which are “forward-looking” statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements and other statements made elsewhere by us or by our representatives, which are identified or qualified by words such as “likely,” “will,” “suggests,” “expects,” “might,” “believe,” “could,” “should,” “may,” “estimates,” “potential,” “predict,” “continue,” “would,” “anticipates,” “plans,” or similar expressions, are based on a number of assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Such statements include, but are not limited to, those relating to our product candidates and funding options, as well as our proprietary technologies and uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results to be materially different from historical results or from any results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause results to differ include risks associated with uncertainties of progress and timing of clinical trials, scientific testing, obtaining regulatory approval, our continuing relationship with BARDA and the status of the BARDA Contract (as defined below),the need to obtain (and obtaining) funding for pre-clinical and clinical trials and operations, the scope and validity of intellectual property protection for our product candidates, proprietary technologies and their uses, new accounting and Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) requirements and competition from other ~~biopharmaceutical~~ biopharmaceutical companies. Certain of these factors and others are more fully described in our filings with the SEC, including, but not limited to, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016, filed with the SEC on December 20, 2016. All forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date hereof, and we do not assume any obligation to update such forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof.

Operations Summary

We are a biopharmaceutical company leveraging significant U.S. Government funding to develop a platform of novel compounds for use in biodefense, fibrosis, oncology, infectious disease and diseases of the central nervous system. The platform consists of approximately 180 compounds licensed from the University of Colorado (“UC”), Duke University (“Duke”) and National Jewish Health (“NJH”).

Our lead compound, AEOL 10150 (“10150”), is being developed under contract with the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“BARDA” and the “BARDA Contract”), a division of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), as a medical countermeasure (“MCM”) against the pulmonary sub-syndrome of acute radiation syndrome (“Pulmonary Acute Radiation Syndrome” or “Lung-ARS”) and the delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (“DEARE”). Lung-ARS is caused by acute exposure to high levels of radiation due to a nuclear detonation or radiological event.15

~~We are~~Our ~~also~~lead ~~developing 10150 for the treatment of lung fibrosis~~compound, ~~including idiopathic~~AEOL ~~pulmonary~~10150 ~~fibrosis~~ (“10150”~~IPF”~~), ~~and~~has ~~other~~been developed ~~fibrotic~~to ~~diseases.~~date ~~This~~under ~~new~~contract ~~development~~with ~~program was created based upon~~ the ~~data~~Biomedical ~~generated~~Advanced ~~from~~Research ~~animal studies in Lung-ARS~~ and ~~chemical~~Development ~~gas~~Authority ~~exposure under the~~ (“BARDA” ~~Contract~~ and ~~National Institutes~~the ~~of Health (~~“~~NIH~~BARDA Contract”) ~~grants. On March 17~~, ~~2015, we~~a ~~announced~~division ~~that~~of ~~10150 was granted Orphan Drug Designation by~~ the U.S. ~~Food~~Department ~~and~~of ~~Drug~~Health ~~Administration~~and Human Services (“~~FDA~~HHS”)., ~~The~~as ~~Company plans to initiate~~ a ~~Phase~~medical 1countermeasure (“MCM”) ~~safety~~against ~~study~~the inpulmonary ~~patients~~sub-syndrome ~~with~~of ~~IPF in~~acute ~~2017.~~radiation ~~After~~syndrome we(“Pulmonary ~~have~~Acute ~~completed~~Radiation Syndrome” ~~safety~~or ~~studies,~~“Lung-ARS”) weand ~~plan~~the todelayed ~~initiate~~effects ~~efficacy~~of ~~studies~~acute inradiation ~~patients~~exposure ~~with IPF~~(“DEARE”). ~~AEOL~~Lung-ARS ~~10150 has previously~~is ~~been~~caused ~~tested~~by inacute ~~two~~exposure ~~Phase~~to Ihigh ~~human~~levels ~~clinical~~of ~~trials~~radiation ~~with~~due noto a ~~drug-related~~nuclear ~~serious~~detonation ~~adverse~~or ~~events~~radiological ~~reported~~event.

We are also developing 10150 for the treatment of lung fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (”IPF”) and other fibrotic diseases. This new development program was created based upon the data generated from animal studies in Lung-ARS and chemical gas exposure under the BARDA Contract and National Institutes of Health (“NIH”) grants. On March 17, 2015, we announced that 10150 was granted Orphan Drug Designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”). The Company plans to initiate a Phase 1 safety study in patients with IPF in 2017. After we have completed safety studies, we plan to initiate efficacy studies in patients with IPF. AEOL 10150 has previously been tested in two Phase I human clinical trials with no drug-related serious adverse events reported. In February 2017, we initiated a Phase 1 human clinical trial in healthy subjects. We expect to report results from that study in mid-2017.

We are also developing 10150 for use in combination with radiation therapy for cancer as a treatment to reduce side effects caused by radiation toxicity and improve local tumor control. Pre-clinical studies at Duke, the University of Maryland and Loma Linda University have demonstrated that 10150 protects healthy, normal tissue, while not interfering with the benefit of radiation therapy or chemotherapy in prostate and lung cancer. Additional studies have demonstrated that 10150 enhances the anti-tumor activity of chemotherapy and radiation. A significant portion of the development work funded by the BARDA Contract is applicable to the development program for radiation oncology, including safety, toxicology, pharmacokinetics and Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls (“CMC”). The Company intends to initiate safety studies in this indication in 2017. After we have completed safety studies, we plan to initiate studies to demonstrate efficacy in protecting against the toxic side effects related to radiation therapy and/or the improvement of local tumor control.

We are also developing 10150 as a MCM for exposure to chemical vesicants (e.g., chlorine gas, sulfur mustard gas and phosgene gas) and nerve agents (e.g., sarin gas and soman gas) with grant money from the NIH Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (“NIH-CounterACT”) program. 10150 has consistently demonstrated safety and efficacy in animal studies of chemical gas exposure and nerve gas exposure.

We are also developing a second compound, AEOL 11114B (“11114”), as a treatment for Parkinson’s disease. Research funded by the Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s disease (“MJFF”) demonstrated the neuro-protective activity of 11114 in mouse and rat models of Parkinson’s disease. The compounds were invented by Aeolus in collaboration with Brian J. Day, PhD at National Jewish Health and Manisha Patel, PhD at the University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in collaboration with the Company. We have obtained worldwide, exclusive licenses to develop the compounds from NJH and the UC. We plan to complete the remaining work to file an Investigational New Drug (“IND”) application with the FDA in 2017.

In April 2015, we announced the discovery of a new compound, AEOL 20415 (“20415”), which has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-infective properties, and could be effective in treating cystic fibrosis and combatting anti-biotic resistant bacteria. The compound was developed under collaboration between Brian J. Day, PhD at National Jewish Health in Denver, Colorado and Aeolus Pharmaceuticals. We have obtained a worldwide, exclusive license to develop the rights to the compound from NJH. We plan to complete the remaining work to file an Investigational New Drug (“IND”) application with the FDA in 2017.

Finally, we have a pipeline of approximately 180 additional compounds. We expect that the development of additional compounds in our portfolio could be dependent on our finding non-dilutive capital sources to fund the work.

BARDA Contract

Our most extensive development program to date is ~~the advanced development of~~ 10150 for Lung-ARS and DEARE. On February 11, 2011, we signed a cost-plus contract with BARDA for the development of 10150 as a MCM against Lung-ARS. BARDA is the government agency responsible for the advanced development and purchase of medical countermeasures for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear threats. The contract contemplates the advanced development of 10150 through approval by the FDA under 21 CFR Part 314 Subpart I and Part 601 Subpart H (the "Animal Rule.") The Animal Rule allows for approval of drugs using only animal studies when human clinical trials cannot be conducted ethically. The ultimate goal of the BARDA Contract is to complete all of the work necessary to obtain FDA approval for 10150 as a MCM for Lung-ARS. In addition, the BARDA Contract is designed to generate the data that would allow for acquisition of the drug by BARDA prior to FDA approval under a pre-Emergency Use Authorization (“EUA”).

~~Pursuant to the BARDA Contract, we were awarded approximately $10.4 million for the base period of the contract (from February 2011 to April 2012). On April~~ 16, 2012, we announced that BARDA had exercised two options under the BARDA Contract worth approximately $9.1 million. On September 17, 2013, we announced that BARDA had exercised $6.0 million in additional contract options. On May 07, 2014, we announced that BARDA had exercised a Contract Modification worth approximately $1.8 million. The Contract Modification allowed Aeolus to reconcile actual costs incurred with billings under the original provisional indirect billing rate. It established a new provisional indirect billing rate and placed a cap on the current and future provisional indirect billing rates. On June 26, 2015, we announced that BARDA had exercised $3.0 million in additional contract options under its advanced research and development contract for AEOL 10150. On February 8, 2016, BARDA exercised approximately $57,000 in additional contract options under its advanced research and development contract for AEOL 10150. On May 25, 2016, BARDA exercised approximately $421,000 in additional contract options under its advanced research and development contract for AEOL 10150. The May option exercise brings the total contract value exercised as of December 31, 2016 to approximately $30.8 million. We may receive up to an additional $87.6 million in options exercisable over the remainder of the BARDA Contract. Options are exercised based on the progress of the development program, including the completion of clinical trials or manufacturing tasks under previously exercised options.

~~The final~~Pursuant ~~goal~~to of the BARDA ~~contract~~Contract, iswe towere ~~achieve~~awarded ~~FDA~~approximately ~~approval~~$10.4 million for ~~10150 and~~ the base ~~development~~period of ~~commercial~~the ~~manufacturing~~contract ~~capability.~~(from InFebruary ~~order~~2011 to April 2012). On ~~achieve~~April ~~these~~16, ~~goals~~2012, we ~~believe~~announced itthat ~~will~~BARDA behad ~~necessary~~exercised totwo ~~exercise~~options under the ~~majority~~BARDA ofContract ~~the~~worth ~~options~~approximately $9.1 million. On September 17, 2013, we announced that BARDA had exercised $6.0 million in ~~the~~additional contract options. WeOn ~~also~~May ~~believe~~7, ~~that~~2014, we announced that BARDA ishad ~~likely~~exercised toa ~~continue~~Contract toModification ~~exercise~~worth approximately ~~options~~$1.8 asmillion. ~~long~~The asContract ~~10150~~Modification allowed ~~continues~~Aeolus to ~~demonstrate~~reconcile ~~efficacy~~actual ~~and~~costs ~~safety~~incurred inwith ~~animal~~billings ~~testing~~under ~~for~~the ~~Lung-ARS~~original provisional indirect billing rate. InIt ~~the~~established ~~event~~a wenew provisional ~~begin~~indirect ~~sales~~billing torate ~~the~~and ~~U.S.~~placed ~~government following~~a cap on the ~~filing~~current and offuture aprovisional ~~pre-EUA~~indirect ~~application~~billing rates. On June 26, 2015, we announced ~~believe~~ that BARDA ishad ~~likely~~exercised to$3.0 ~~exercise~~million ~~the~~in ~~majority~~additional contract ofoptions ~~the~~under ~~remaining~~its ~~options under~~advanced ~~the~~research and development contract for AEOL 10150. ~~One~~On ofFebruary ~~the~~8, ~~requirements~~2016, ofBARDA anexercised approximately ~~EUA~~$57,000 isin ~~that~~additional ~~the development~~contract ~~program~~options ~~continue~~under ~~towards~~its advanced ~~the~~research ~~goal~~and ofdevelopment ~~FDA~~contract ~~approval~~for AEOL 10150. IfOn May ~~all~~25, of2016, ~~the~~BARDA exercised approximately $421,000 in additional contract options ~~are~~under ~~exercised~~its byadvanced ~~BARDA,~~research ~~the~~and ~~total~~development contract ~~value~~for ofAEOL 10150. The May 2016 option exercise brings the total contract ~~would~~value beexercised as of March 31, 2017 to approximately $~~118~~30.48 million.

On March 23, 2017, we announced that we had received notification from the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (“ASPR”) that BARDA had elected not to exercise additional options under the contract at this time based upon an “In-Process Review” (“IPR”) meeting held with BARDA on February 2, 2017. The notification did not terminate the BARDA Contract, which currently has a term that runs through May 2019.

We believe there are no existing treatments for Lung-ARS or DEARE and we are not aware of any compounds in development that have shown efficacy when administered after exposure to radiation. 10150 has demonstrated efficacy in two animal models (mouse and non-human primate) when administered after exposure to radiation. The U.S. government’s planning scenario for a radiation incident is a 10 kiloton detonation of a nuclear device in a major American city. It is estimated that several hundred thousand civilians would be exposed to high doses of radiation in this scenario.

Following the events at the Fukushima nuclear plant in Japan in 2011, we performed radiation exposure studies in mice at the request of Japanese researchers to determine how the administration of AEOL 10150 would impact the use of leukocyte growth factors (“LGF”) used to treat the hematopoietic or bone marrow syndrome of ARS (“H-ARS”). Data showed that 10150 does not interfere with the efficacy of LGF (in this case Amgen’s Neupogen®). Additionally, the study demonstrated that administration of Neupogen®, the current standard of care for H-ARS, increased damage to the lungs. When 10150 was administered with Neupogen® this damage was significantly reduced. We believe that this finding may have important implications for the potential procurement of 10150 for the SNS. In September 2013, BARDA announced that it had entered into a procurement and inventory management agreement with Amgen to provide Neupogen® for the SNS. On March 30, 2015, the FDA approved Neupogen® for the treatment of H-ARS.

The BARDA Contract is designed to complete the work necessary for 10150 to be purchased for the SNS. BARDA currently acquires drugs for the SNS through a Special Reserve Fund (the “SRF”) created under Project BioShield and reauthorized under the Pandemic All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act of 2013. Although the final goal of the contract is full FDA approval under the Animal Rule, BARDA, based on historical purchases from other suppliers, may purchase product prior to FDA approval following the filing of a pre-EUA application. Procurements from BARDA following a pre-EUA application could result in a significant increase in revenues for Aeolus and potential profitability.

16 Activities under the contract to date include animal efficacy studies, animal model development with radiation survival curve studies, dosing studies, bulk drug manufacturing, bulk drug and final drug product manufacturing, validation testing, compliance studies, stability studies, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (“ADME”) studies, metabolic studies, genotoxicity studies and the filing of an orphan drug status application and a fast track designation application with the FDA. CMC work has been completed and pilot lots have been prepared, with three years of stability on those lots completed.

Activities under the contract to date include animal efficacy studies, animal model development with radiation survival curve studies, dosing studies, bulk drug manufacturing, bulk drug and final drug product manufacturing, validation testing, compliance studies, stability studies, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (“ADME”) studies, metabolic studies, genotoxicity studies and the filing of an orphan drug status application and a fast track designation application with the FDA. CMC work has been completed, pilot lots have been prepared and production is being scaled up under the BARDA Contract.

In August 2014, we filed an Investigational New Drug (“IND”) application with the Division of Medical Imaging Products of the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (“FDA”) for 10150 as a treatment for Lung-ARS. On September 4, 2014, the Company announced positive results from a study in non-human primates exposed to lethal radiation and treated with 10150. The study demonstrated that administration of 10150 24 hours after exposure to lethal radiation impacted survival at six months post-exposure as follows: survival in the 60 day treatment group was 50%, compared to 25% survival in the radiation only untreated control group. The data from this study, combined with development work completed in manufacturing and human safety data, will form the basis for a pre-EUA application.

On September 22, 2014, we received a letter from the FDA placing our proposed Phase I study in healthy normal volunteers for 10150 as a treatment for Lung-ARS on clinical hold. On February 22, 2016 we received notice that the FDA had removed the clinical hold on the Company's IND for 10150 as a treatment for Lung-ARS. The Company intends to initiate the planned study in the first calendar quarter of 2017.17

~~As of~~On ~~December~~September 3122, ~~2016~~2014, we received a letter from the ~~total~~FDA ~~contract~~placing ~~value~~our proposed ~~exercised~~Phase byI ~~BARDA~~study in healthy normal volunteers for 10150 as a ~~under~~treatment ~~the~~for ~~BARDA~~Lung-ARS ~~Contract~~on isclinical ~~$30~~hold.8 ~~million.~~On ~~From~~February ~~inception~~22, of2016 we received notice that the FDA had removed the clinical hold on the ~~BARDA~~Company's ~~Contract,~~IND wefor ~~have~~10150 ~~billed~~as ~~BARDA~~a ~~approximately~~treatment ~~$30~~for Lung-ARS.4 The ~~million~~Company initiated the study in the first calendar quarter of 2017 and expects to announce results in mid-2017.

~~Substantially~~As ~~all~~ of March 31, 2017, the ~~costs~~total ~~for~~contract value exercised by BARDA under the ~~Lung-ARS~~BARDA ~~program~~Contract ~~have~~is ~~been~~$30.8 ~~funded~~million. byFrom inception of the BARDA Contract, we have billed BARDA approximately $30.5 million.

Substantially all of the costs to date for the Lung-ARS program have been funded by the BARDA Contract.

10150 has been tested in two human Phase I safety studies where it was well-tolerated and no adverse events were observed. Efficacy has been demonstrated in animal models for Lung-ARS, chlorine gas exposure, phosgene gas exposure, sulfur mustard gas exposure (lungs and skin) and nerve gas exposure. In both mouse and non-human primate (“NHP”) studies for Lung-ARS, 10150 treated groups showed significantly reduced weight loss, inflammation, oxidative stress, lung damage, and most importantly, mortality. Therapeutic efficacy has been demonstrated when 10150 is administered 24 hours after exposure to radiation, a requirement for consideration as a radiation MCM for the SNS.

We have also benefitted from research funded by grants for a variety of other programs involving 10150 and programs other than 10150. These grants, as well as the particular areas where we have identified commercialization and development opportunities are described in greater detail in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016, filed with the SEC on December 20, 2016. This report on Form 10-Q focuses on our material developments, results and trends with respect to the period covered hereby.

Results of Operations

Three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2016~~2017 versus three months ended ~~December~~ March 31, ~~2015~~2016

We had net ~~loss~~losses of $1,~~087~~035,000 and ~~net loss of~~ $1629,~~033,~~000 and cash outflows ~~from~~ from operations of $1914,~~260,~~000 and $~~820~~935,000 for the three months ended March ~~December~~ 31, ~~2016~~2017 and ~~December~~March 31, ~~2015~~2016, respectively. ~~The increase in cash outflows in the current period was primarily attributable to lower revenue from BARDA and the timing of cash flows related to accounts payable.~~

Revenue for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2016~~2017 was $83129,000, which compares to $~~305~~565,000 for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2015~~2016. ~~The~~ The revenue is from the ~~collaboration with~~ BARDA ~~announced~~Contract ~~on February~~and ~~11,~~the ~~2011.~~decline ~~The decrease~~ in revenue is ~~primarily~~ primarily attributable to ~~the~~a ~~timing~~reduction ofin work ~~performed~~under ~~and billing for~~ that contract. ~~work~~Under ~~under~~ the BARDA Contract~~. Since being awarded the BARDA Contract~~, we generate contract revenue from a cost-plus fee arrangement. Revenues on reimbursable contracts are recognized as costs are incurred, ~~generally~~which is based on allowable costs ~~incurred~~ incurred during the period, plus any recognizable earned fee. We ~~consider~~ consider fixed fees under cost-plus fee contracts to be earned in ~~proportion~~ proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of the contract. Unless BARDA reverses its decision on funding future options under the BARDA Contract, we expect that BARDA revenues will be substantially lower in the future compared to prior periods.

Research and Development (“R&D”) expenses ~~decreased~~increased $393,000, or 119%, to $~~489~~594,000 for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2016~~2017 from $~~492~~501,000 for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2015~~2016. The ~~decrease~~ increase is primarily ~~due~~attributable to ~~lower~~work ~~expenses~~related ~~for~~to BARDA development, offset by increased expenses for non-BARDA 10150 development and CMC for 11114. We currently have eight development programs in progress: studies of 10150 as a medical countermeasure against the ~~effects~~compound ~~of radiation~~AEOL ~~on the lungs, against the effects of sulfur mustard gas and chlorine gas on the lungs, against the effects of nerve gas exposure, as a treatment for cancer, as a treatment for IPF and studies of~~ 11114 ~~as a potential treatment for Parkinson’s disease and 20415 for cystic fibrosis~~.

17 General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses decreased $123,000, or 18%, to $570,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 from $693,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2016. The decrease is primarily attributable to lower accounting and legal fees related to SEC filing requirements.

~~General~~ ~~and~~Six ~~administrative (“G&A”) expenses increased $120,000, or 21%, to $681,000 for the three~~ months ended ~~December~~ March 31, ~~2016~~2017 ~~from~~versus ~~$561,000~~six ~~for the three~~ months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2015. The increase is primarily attributable to the higher accounting and legal fees related to SEC filing requirements.~~2016

We had net losses of $2,122,000 and $1,662,000 and cash outflows from operations of $2,174,000 and $1,755,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016, respectively.

Revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2017 was $212,000, which compares to $870,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2016. The revenue is from the BARDA Contract. Since being awarded the BARDA Contract, we generate contract revenue from a cost-plus fee arrangement. Revenues on reimbursable contracts are recognized as costs are incurred, generally based on allowable costs incurred during the period, plus any recognizable earned fee. We consider fixed fees under cost-plus fee contracts to be earned in proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of the contract.

Research and Development (“R&D”) expenses increased $89,000, or 9%, to $1,082,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2017 from $993,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2016. The increase is primarily attributable to work related to the compound AEOL 11114.

General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses decreased $2,000 to $1,252,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2017 from $1,254,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2016. The decrease is primarily attributable to lower investor relations fees.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We had cash and cash equivalents of $1981,~~895,~~000 on ~~December~~March 31, ~~2016~~2017, and $3,155,000 on September 30, 2016. The decrease in cash was primarily due to operating ~~activities~~expenses and development costs for AEOL 11114 and AEOL 20415.

We had a net loss of $2,122,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2017. We had cash outflows from operations of $2,174,000. We expect to incur additional losses and negative cash flow from operations during the remainder of fiscal year 2017 and possibly for several more years.

On December 10, 2015, the Company received $4,500,000 in gross proceeds in exchange for the issuance of an aggregate of 4,500 shares of Series C preferred stock and 20,454,546 warrants.

On December 10, 2015, the Company received approximately $2,247,000 in gross proceeds in exchange for the issuance of an aggregate of 10,215,275 shares of common stock and 10,215,275 warrants.

Net cash proceeds from the December 10, 2015 financing, after deducting for expenses, were approximately $6,170,000. The Company also incurred non-cash expenses in the form of 1,214,027 warrants issued to the placement agents, at similar terms as the financing warrants, for services provided.

WeOn February ~~had~~11, 2011, we were awarded the BARDA Contract to fund the ~~net~~development ~~loss~~of AEOL 10150 as a medical countermeasure for Lung-ARS from its current status to FDA approval in response to Special Instructions Amendment 4 to a Broad Agency Announcement (BAA-BARDA-09-34) for advanced research and development of $1medical countermeasures for chemical,~~087~~ biological,~~000~~ radiological and nuclear threats. The contract value could be up to $118.4 million depending on options exercised by BARDA and the requirements for approval by the ~~three~~FDA. ~~months~~Under ~~ended~~the ~~December~~BARDA 31Contract, substantially all of the costs ~~2016.~~of Wethe ~~had~~development ~~cash~~of ~~outflows~~AEOL 10150 as a medical countermeasure for pulmonary injuries resulting from ~~operations~~an acute exposure to radiation from a radiological/nuclear accident or attack, particularly injuries associated with ARS or Delayed Effects of Acute Radiation Exposure would be paid for by the U.S. government through BARDA funding. We recognized $1129,~~260,~~000 in revenue during the quarter ended March 31, 2017 related to the BARDA Contract. WeThe ~~expect~~BARDA Contract includes provisions to ~~incur~~cover ~~additional~~some, ~~losses~~but ~~and~~not ~~negative~~all, ~~cash~~general ~~flow~~corporate overhead ~~from~~as ~~operations~~well as a small provision for profit. The net impact of the BARDA Contract on our liquidity is that during periods when we have performed work under the ~~remainder~~contract, our cash burn has been reduced. Certain costs, typically those of ~~fiscal~~being ~~year~~a ~~2017~~public company, like legal costs associated with being a public company, Investor Relations/Public Relations costs and ~~for~~patent-related ~~several~~costs, ~~more~~are not ~~years~~included in overhead reimbursement in the BARDA Contract. In order to fund on-going operating cash requirements or to accelerate or expand our oncology and other programs, we may need to raise significant additional funds.

On February 11, 2011, we were awarded the BARDA Contract to fund the development of AEOL 10150 as a medical countermeasure for Lung-ARS from its current status to FDA approval in response to Special Instructions Amendment 4 to a Broad Agency Announcement (BAA-BARDA-09-34) for advanced research and development of medical countermeasures for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear threats. The contract value could be up to $118.4 million depending on options exercised by BARDA and the requirements for approval by the FDA. Under the BARDA Contract, substantially all of the costs of the development of AEOL 10150 as a medical countermeasure for pulmonary injuries resulting from an acute exposure to radiation from a radiological/nuclear accident or attack, particularly injuries associated with ARS or Delayed Effects of Acute Radiation Exposure would be paid for by the U.S. government through BARDA funding. The BARDA Contract includes provisions to cover some, but not all, general corporate overhead as well as a small provision for profit. Certain costs, typically those of being a public company, like legal costs associated with being a public company, Investor Relations/Public Relations costs and patent-related costs, are not included in overhead reimbursement in the BARDA Contract. In order to fund on-going operating cash requirements or to accelerate or expand our oncology and other programs we may need to raise significant additional funds.

Since 2011, the net impact of the BARDA Contract on our liquidity is that our projected cash burn has been reduced. We recognized $83,000 in revenue during the quarter ended December 31, 2016 related to the BARDA Contract. The lower revenue in this quarter and in the year ended September 30, 2016 reflected the smaller number of tasks in progress under the BARDA Contract compared to prior periods. The net result of this decreased billing has been a decrease in our ability to charge operational costs to the BARDA Contract, resulting in a higher than normal cash burn.

On February 4, 2017, we met with BARDA for an In Process Review ("IPR") meeting to review the progress to date under the contract and request the exercise of additional funding options for the next set of tasks in the AEOL 10150 development program. The requested options include funds for reimbursement of operating expenses allowed under the contract. If BARDA exercises the additional contract options, we will once again be able to obtain reimbursement for a significant portion of our operating costs. This would result in a substantial decrease in our cash usage compared to the previous twelve months. If BARDA does not exercise the requested options, we would need to raise equity capital for operations prior to the end of our current fiscal year.

We do not have any revenues from product sales and, therefore, we rely on investors, grants, collaborations and licensing of our compounds to finance our operations. We generate limited revenue from reimbursable, cost-plus R&D contracts and grants. Revenues on reimbursable contracts are recognized as costs are incurred, generally based on allowable costs incurred during the period, plus any recognizable earned fee. We consider fixed fees under cost-plus fee contracts to be earned in proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of the contract.

We have incurred significant losses from operations to date. Our ongoing future cash requirements will depend on numerous factors, particularly the progress of our catalytic antioxidant program, the resumption (if any) of development funding under the BARDA Contract, potential government procurements for the national stockpile, clinical trials and/or ability to negotiate and complete collaborative agreements or out-licensing arrangements. In addition, we might sell additional shares of our stock and/or debt and explore other strategic and financial alternatives, including a merger or joint venture with another company, the sale of stock and/or debt, the establishment of new collaborations for current research programs, that include initial cash payments and ongoing research support and the out-licensing of our compounds for development by a third party.

There are significant uncertainties as to our ability to access potential sources of capital. We may not be able to enter into any collaboration on terms acceptable to us, or at all, due to conditions in the pharmaceutical industry or in the economy in general or based on the prospects of our catalytic antioxidant program. Even if we are successful in obtaining collaboration for our antioxidant program, we may have to relinquish rights to technologies, product candidates or markets that we might otherwise develop ourselves. These same risks apply to any attempt to out-license our compounds.

Similarly, due to market conditions, the illiquid nature of our stock and other possible limitations on equity offerings, we may not be able to sell additional securities or raise other funds on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Any additional equity financing, if available, would likely result in substantial dilution to existing stockholders.

Our forecast of the period of time through which our financial resources will be adequate to support our operations is forward-looking information, and actual results could vary.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Revenue Recognition

We do not currently generate revenue from product sales, but ~~do generate~~have generated revenue from the BARDA Contract. We recognize revenue from the BARDA Contract in accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized when all of the following criteria are met: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery (or passage of title) has occurred or services have been rendered, (iii) the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. We also comply with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition regarding arrangements with multiple deliverables.

The BARDA Contract is classified as a “cost-plus-fixed-fee” contract. We recognize government contract revenue in accordance with the authoritative guidance for revenue recognition, including the authoritative guidance specific to federal government contracts. Reimbursable costs under the BARDA Contract primarily include direct labor, subcontract costs, materials, equipment, travel and indirect costs. In addition, we receive a fixed fee under the BARDA Contract, which is unconditionally earned as allowable costs are incurred and is not contingent on success factors. Reimbursable costs under this BARDA Contract, including the fixed fee, are generally recognized as revenue in the period the reimbursable costs are incurred and become billable.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

We do not have any recently issued accounting pronouncements that affect the current fiscal year. See note G in the notes to the financial statements for disclosure of the effective dates of future accounting standards that will affect the financial statements.

Item 3. ~~Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk~~

~~Our exposure~~Quantitative ~~to market risk is presently limited to the interest rate sensitivity of our cash~~ and ~~cash equivalents, which is affected by~~ ~~changes~~Qualitative inDisclosures ~~the~~About ~~general~~Market level of U.S. interest rates. However, we believe that we are not subject to any material market risk exposure and do not expect that changes in interest rates would have a material effect upon our financial position. A hypothetical 10% change in interest rates would not have a material effect on our Statements of Operations or Cash Flows for the three months ended December 31, 2016. We do not have any foreign currency or other derivative financial instruments.Risk

~~Item~~Our 4exposure to market risk is presently limited to the interest rate sensitivity of our cash and cash equivalents, which is affected by changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. However, we ~~Controls~~believe that we are not subject to any material market risk exposure and ~~Procedures~~do not expect that changes in interest rates would have a material effect upon our financial position. A hypothetical 10% change in interest rates would not have a material effect on our Statements of Operations or Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017. We do not have any foreign currency or other derivative financial instruments.

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures are met. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

Management’s Report of Internal Control over Financial Reporting as of December 31, 2016

Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2016~~2017 that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A. ~~Risk Factors~~

AsRisk of December 31, 2016, there have not been any material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Part 1, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016, which was filed with the SEC on December 20, 2016.Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risks that could materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations, which are discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year 6. ended September 30, 2016, which was filed with the SEC on December ~~Exhibits~~20, 2016, as well as the following, which supersede the risks set forth in the 10-K:

We may need substantial additional funding to continue our operations and may be unable to raise capital when needed, or at all, which would force us to delay, curtail or eliminate our clinical programs and our product development programs.

We may need to raise substantial additional capital to fund human clinical trials and continue our research and development, unless and until we receive a procurement of sufficient size from the U.S. Government for the Strategic National Stockpile. In addition, we may need to raise substantial additional capital to enforce our proprietary rights, defend, in litigation or otherwise, any claims that we infringe third party patents or other intellectual property rights, and commercialize, for non-government related indications, any of our products that may be approved by the FDA or any international regulatory authority.

As of September 30, 2016, we had cash of approximately $3,155,000. During fiscal year 2016, our monthly cash requirements to operate our business that are not reimbursed under the BARDA Contract were approximately $206,000. However, this historical cash does not include amounts described in our Form 10-K whereby we expect that our own capital will be used to fund part of the future costs of ongoing commercial development programs to the extent they are not funded by the BARDA Contract. To the extent we do not have sufficient cash to fund our working capital requirements, we may not be able to pay our payables timely, which may cause vendors to cease providing services to us, and we may not be able to advance certain, if not all, development programs.

On March 23, 2017, we announced that we had received notification from the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response that BARDA had elected not to exercise additional options under the contract at this time based upon an “In-Process Review” meeting held with BARDA on February 2, 2017. The notification did not terminate the BARDA Contract, which currently has a term that runs through May 2019. We plan to continue discussions with BARDA to determine the possibility of additional option exercises to continue the development work under the contract.

In order to fund on-going operating cash requirements, or to accelerate or expand our oncology and other programs we will need to raise significant additional funds. We are continuously considering additional strategic and financial options available to us, including public or private equity offerings, debt financings or collaboration arrangements. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our stockholders will experience dilution of their ownership interest. Debt financings, if available, may involve restrictive covenants and require significant interest payments. If we do not receive additional financing to fund our operations not reimbursed under the BARDA Contract, or if BARDA does not exercise any additional options under the BARDA Contract, which is possible given the review described above, and we are unable to raise sufficient capital for operations, we would have to discontinue some or all of our activities, merge with or sell, lease or license some or all of our assets to another company, or cease operations entirely, and our stockholders might lose all or part of their investments. In addition, a lack of funding from BARDA would increase the likelihood that we would seek additional equity or debt financings to meet our cash requirements, which could lead to dilution of the ownership interest of our stockholders.

In addition, if our catalytic antioxidant program shows scientific progress, we will need significant additional funds to move our compounds through continued development and clinical trials. If we are unable to raise the amount of capital necessary, or do not receive a sufficient procurement from the U.S. Government forthe Strategic National Stockpile, to complete development and reach commercialization of any of our catalytic antioxidant products, we will need to delay or cease development of one or more of these products or partner with another company for the development and commercialization of these products.

If BARDA opts not to exercise its options under the BARDA Contract, we would be dependent upon grants from other government agencies for continued development of 10150 for Lung-ARS, or we would need to curtail our development program in this area significantly and we may be placed at a competitive disadvantage in addressing this market opportunity.

During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, we received 100% of our revenues from our agreement with BARDA, for the development of 10150 as a MCM against Lung-ARS. These revenues have funded some of our personnel and other R&D costs and expenses. Pursuant to the BARDA Contract we were awarded approximately $10.4 million for the base period of the contract (from February 2011 to April 2012). On April 16, 2012, we announced that BARDA had exercised two options under the BARDA Contract worth approximately $9.1 million. On September 17, 2013, we announced that BARDA had exercised $6.0 million in additional contract options. On May 7, 2014, we announced that BARDA had exercised a Contract Modification worth approximately $1.8 million. The Contract Modification allowed Aeolus to reconcile actual costs incurred with billings under the original provisional indirect billing rate. It established a new provisional indirect billing rate and placed a cap on the current and future provisional indirect billing rates. On June 26, 2015, we announced that BARDA had exercised $3.0 million in additional contract options underits advanced research and development contract for 10150. On May 25, 2016, we announced that BARDA had exercised a Contract Modification worth approximately $0.4 million. The purpose of the Modification was to provide funding to complete a pharmacometric analysis of data from all completed animal efficacy studies of 10150 to determine optimal dose, dose frequency and duration of treatment. The total contract value exercised as of September 30, 2016 is approximately $30.8 million, of which $30.5 million has been billed. We may receive up to an additional $87.6 million in options exercisable over the remainder of the BARDA Contract. Options are exercised based on the progress of the development program, including the completion of clinical trials or manufacturing tasks under previously exercised options.

As discussed above, on March 23, 2017, we announced that we had received notification from the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response that BARDA had elected not to exercise additional options under the contract at this time based upon an “In-Process Review” meeting held with BARDA on February 2, 2017. The notification did not terminate the BARDA Contract, which currently has a term that runs through May 2019. We plan to continue discussions with BARDA to determine the possibility of additional option exercises to continue the development work under the contract.

Under the terms of the BARDA Contract, BARDA may elect not to exercise some or all of the additional options. Because a significant portion of our current revenues are generated from the BARDA Contract, and BARDA has currently suspended the exercise of options under the BARDA Contract, if BARDA does not recommence the exercise of its options under the BARDA Contract, our ability to develop 10150 as an MCM for Lung-ARS could be negatively impacted, which could harm our competitive position and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In general, we believe that future exercise of options under the contract will depend on successful completion of tasks under exercised options and continued demonstration of efficacy, as well as the favorable conclusion of our current discussions with BARDA.

Item 6.

Exhibits

The following exhibits relate to agreements, arrangements or obligations that have arisen, been entered into or became effective or amended during the reporting period covered by the Form 10-Q:

Exhibit #		Description
31.1		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a).
31.2		Certification of the Interim Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a).
32.1		Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS	+	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	+	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	+	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	+	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	+	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	+	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

+ Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are documents formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language).

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	AEOLUS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Date: February 17, 2017	By:	/s/ John L. McManus
Date: May 15, 2017	By:	/s/ John L. McManus
		John L. McManus
		President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

By: /s/ David Cavalier David Cavalier Chairman, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)



Date: May 15, 2017	By:	/s/ David Cavalier
		David Cavalier
		Chairman, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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