UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q


☒			Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023


☐			Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File number 1-8777


VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)


Delaware						95-1613718
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2027 Harpers Way, Torrance, CA						90501
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)						(Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (310) 533-0474

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

VIRC

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

☒

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ý

The number of shares outstanding for each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

Common Stock, $.01 par value — 16,~~210~~347,~~985~~314 shares as of ~~June~~September 4, 2023.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I. Financial Information		3
	Item 1. Financial Statements	3
	Unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets - April 30, 2023, January 31, 2023 and April 30, 2022	3
	Unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets - July 31, 2023, January 31, 2023 and July 31, 2022	3
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations - Three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022	5
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income - Three months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022	5
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss - Three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022	6
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income - Six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022	6
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows - Three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022	7
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income - Three months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022	7
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity - Three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022	8
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income - Six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022	8
	Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements - April 30, 2023	9
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows - Six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022	9
	Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
	Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity - Three and six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022	10
	Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	19
	Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements - July 31, 2023	12
	Item 4. Controls and Procedures	19
	Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Part II. Other Information		21
	Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	22
	Item 1. Legal Proceedings	21
	Item 4. Controls and Procedures	22
	Item 1A. Risk Factors	21
Part II. Other Information		24
	Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	21
	Item 1. Legal Proceedings	24
	Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	21
	Item 1A. Risk Factors	24
	Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	21
	Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	24
	Item 5. Other Information	21
	Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	24
	Item 6. Exhibits	21
	Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	24
	Item 5. Other Information	24
	Item 6. Exhibits	24
	EX-31.1
	EX-31.2
	EX-32.1
	EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT
	EX-101 SCHEMA DOCUMENT
	EX-101 CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
	EX-101 LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT
	EX-101 PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT

PART I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

4/30/2023

1/31/2023

4/30/2022

7/31/2023

1/31/2023

7/31/2022

(In thousands)

Assets

Current assets

Cash

~~625~~1,600

1,057

~~539~~2,179

Trade accounts receivables, net

1568,~~524~~592

18,435

1344,~~326~~286

Other receivables

3558

8595

Income tax receivable

~~321~~—

~~135~~111

Inventories

8571,~~640~~853

67,406

6661,~~297~~228

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

2,~~698~~228

2,083

2,~~156~~068

Total current assets

~~104~~144,~~843~~331

89,068

82109,~~538~~967

Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Land

3,731

Land improvements

686

653

Buildings and building improvements

51,~~391~~441

51,310

51,~~375~~456

Machinery and equipment

~~114~~115,~~655~~899

113,662

~~113~~115,~~901~~029

Leasehold improvements

~~983~~977

983

1,~~009~~012

Total property, plant and equipment

~~171~~172,~~446~~734

170,372

~~170~~171,~~669~~881

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

~~136~~137,~~779~~392

135,810

~~135~~136,~~844~~973

Net property, plant and equipment

3435,~~667~~342

34,562

34,~~825~~908

Operating lease right-of-use assets

98,~~326~~285

10,120

12,~~892~~115

Deferred tax assets, net

87,~~249~~100

7,800

~~769~~488

Other assets, net

89,~~848~~279

8,576

8,~~383~~051

Total assets

~~165~~204,~~933~~337

150,126

~~139~~165,~~407~~529

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

	4/30/2023		1/31/2023		4/30/2022
	7/31/2023		1/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(In thousands, except share and par value data)
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	2327,~~628~~854	$	19,448	$	1927,~~437~~290
Accrued compensation and employee benefits	910,~~416~~983		9,554		56,~~055~~873
Current portion of long-term debt	20,362		7,360		18,905
Income tax payable	3,325		—		—
Current portion operating lease liability	5,271		5,082		4,769
Current portion of long-term debt	32,256		7,360		22,736
Other accrued liabilities	7,868		7,081		6,049
Current portion operating lease liability	5,386		5,082		4,909
Total current liabilities	66,545		48,525		54,215
Other accrued liabilities	11,259		7,081		10,057
Total current liabilities	91,063		48,525		71,865
Non-current liabilities
Accrued self-insurance retention	~~1,251~~934		1,050		1,~~533~~436
Accrued pension expenses	10,~~802~~827		10,676		15,~~332~~238
Income tax payable	85		79		76
Long-term debt, less current portion	14,261		14,384		14,504
Long-term debt, less current portion	14,323		14,384		14,564
Operating lease liability, less current portion	4,317		6,796		9,241
Operating lease liability, less current portion	5,648		6,796		10,297
Other long-term liabilities	640		634		740
Other long-term liabilities	557		555		640
Total non-current liabilities	30,979		33,540		41,159
Total non-current liabilities	32,666		33,540		42,442
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6, 7 and 13)
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock:
Authorized 3,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; none issued or outstanding	—		—		—
Common stock:
Authorized 25,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding 16,210,985 shares at 4/30/2023 and 1/31/2023, and 16,102,023 at 4/30/2022	162		162		161
Authorized 25,000,000 shares, $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding 16,347,314 shares at 7/31/2023 and 16,210,985 at 1/31/2023 and 7/31/2022	164		162		162
Additional paid-in capital	~~120~~121,~~993~~030		120,890		120,~~745~~684
Accumulated deficit	(5236,~~073~~539)		(50,631)		(7262,~~262~~582)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(2,360)		(2,360)		(5,~~894~~759)
Total stockholders’ equity	6682,~~722~~295		68,061		4252,~~750~~505
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	~~165~~204,~~933~~337	$	150,126	$	~~139~~165,~~407~~529

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Operations~~Income

	Three months ended
	4/30/2023		4/30/2022
	7/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net sales	$	34107,~~943~~321	$	3282,~~084~~797
Costs of goods sold	2158,~~741~~743		2250,~~377~~952
Gross profit	1348,~~202~~578		931,~~707~~845
Selling, general and administrative expenses	1427,~~514~~324		1420,~~451~~671
Operating loss	(1,312)		(4,744)
Operating income	21,254		11,174
Unrealized gain on investment in trust account	(299)		—
Unrealized (gain) loss on investment in trust account	(325)		305
Pension expense	161		~~195~~196
Interest expense	~~712~~1,083		~~427~~698
Loss before income taxes	(1,886)		(5,366)
Income before income taxes	20,335		9,975
Income tax benefit	(444)		(282)
Income tax expense	4,801		295
Net loss	$	(1,442)	$	(5,084)
Net income	$	15,534	$	9,680
Net loss per common share:
Net income per common share:
Basic	$	(0.~~09)~~95	$	(0.~~32)~~60
Diluted	$	(0.~~09)~~95	$	(0.~~32)~~60
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic	16,~~211~~272		16,~~033~~108
Diluted	16,~~211~~294		16,~~033~~108

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Comprehensive Loss~~Income

	Three months ended
	Six months ended
	4/30/2023		4/30/2022
	7/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(In thousands)
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net loss	$	(1,442)	$	(5,084)
Net sales	$	142,264	$	114,881
Other comprehensive income:
Costs of goods sold	80,484		73,329
Pension adjustments (net of tax expense of $0 and $0 at April 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively)	—		135
Gross profit	61,780		41,552
Net comprehensive loss	$	(1,442)	$	(4,949)
Selling, general and administrative expenses	41,838		35,122
Operating income	19,942		6,430
Unrealized (gain) loss on investment in trust account	(624)		305
Pension expense	322		391
Interest expense	1,795		1,125
Income before income taxes	18,449		4,609
Income tax expense	4,357		13
Net income	$	14,092	$	4,596
Net income per common share:
Basic	$	0.87	$	0.29
Diluted	$	0.87	$	0.29
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic	16,242		16,071
Diluted	16,257		16,071

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Cash~~Comprehensive ~~Flows~~Income

	Three months ended
	4/30/2023		4/30/2022
	7/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(In thousands)
Operating activities
Net income	$	15,534	$	9,680
Net loss	$	(1,442)	$	(5,084)
Other comprehensive income:
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Pension adjustments	—		135
Depreciation and amortization	1,195		1,129
Net comprehensive income	$	15,534	$	9,815
Non-cash lease benefits	(165)		(126)
Provision for doubtful accounts	15		15
Amortization of debt issuance costs	26		43
Deferred income taxes	(448)		(370)
Stock-based compensation	103		253
Amortization of net actuarial loss for pension plans	—		135
Non-cash unrealized gain on investment	(299)		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable	2,896		4,428
Other receivables	33		33
Inventories	(18,234)		(18,924)
Income taxes	(296)		22
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(490)		(180)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	5,391		(340)
Net cash used in operating activities	(11,715)		(18,966)
Investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(1,533)		(609)
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,533)		(609)
Financing activities:
Borrowing from long-term debt	15,241		19,759
Repayment of long-term debt	(2,300)		(804)
Payment on deferred financing costs	(125)		(200)
Net cash provided by financing activities	12,816		18,755
Net decrease in cash	(432)		(820)
Cash at beginning of period	1,057		1,359
Cash at end of period	$	625	$	539

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Changes~~Comprehensive ~~in Stockholders' Equity~~Income

			Three-Month Period Ended April 30, 2023
	Six months ended
			Common Stock
	7/31/2023			7/31/2022
In thousands, except share data			Shares			Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
	(In thousands)
Balance at February 1, 2023			16,210,985			$	162	$	120,890	$	(50,631)	$	(2,360)	$	68,061
Net income	$	14,092		$	4,596
Net loss			—			—		—		(1,442)		—		(1,442)
Other comprehensive income:
Cash dividends			—			—		—		—		—		—
Pension adjustments	—			270
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect of $0			—			—		—		—		—		—
Net comprehensive income	$	14,092		$	4,866
Shares vested and others			—			—		—		—		—		—
Stock compensation expense			—			—		103		—		—		103
Balance at April 30, 2023			16,210,985			$	162	$	120,993	$	(52,073)	$	(2,360)	$	66,722

	Three-Month Period Ended April 30, 2022
	Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at February 1, 2022	16,102,023	$	161	$	120,492	$	(67,178)	$	(6,029)	$	47,446
Net loss	—	—		—		(5,084)		—		(5,084)
Cash dividends	—	—		—		—		—		—
Pension adjustments, net of tax effect of $0	—	—		—		—		135		135
Shares vested and others	—	—		—		—		—		—
Stock compensation expense	—	—		253		—		—		253
Balance at April 30, 2022	16,102,023	$	161	$	120,745	$	(72,262)	$	(5,894)	$	42,750

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


	Six months ended
	7/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(In thousands)
Operating activities
Net income	$	14,092	$	4,596
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	2,455		2,259
Non-cash lease benefits	(340)		(265)
Provision for doubtful accounts	30		35
Amortization of debt issuance costs	55		69
Deferred income taxes	700		(89)
Stock-based compensation	252		406
Amortization of net actuarial loss for pension plans	—		270
Non-cash unrealized (gain) loss on investment	(624)		305
Surrender of life insurance policies	(95)		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable	(50,187)		(26,552)
Other receivables	10		23
Inventories	(4,447)		(13,855)
Income taxes	3,346		43
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(134)		(91)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	13,737		12,876
Net cash used in operating activities	(21,150)		(19,970)
Investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(2,795)		(1,524)
Purchases of marketable securities in trust accounts	—		(4,856)
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities in trust accounts	—		2,112
Proceeds from surrendering life insurance policies	—		2,744
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,795)		(1,524)
Financing activities:
Borrowing from long-term debt	35,688		28,352
Repayment of long-term debt	(10,915)		(5,625)
Payment on deferred financing costs	(175)		(200)
Tax withholding payments on share-based compensation	(110)		(213)
Net cash provided by financing activities	24,488		22,314

Net increase in cash	543		820
Cash at beginning of period	1,057		1,359
Cash at end of period	$	1,600	$	2,179

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity


	Three-Month Period Ended July 31, 2023
	Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at May 1, 2023	16,210,985	$	162	$	120,993	$	(52,073)	$	(2,360)	$	66,722
Net income	—	—		—		15,534		—		15,534
Cash dividends	—	—		—		—		—		—
Pension adjustments	—	—		—		—		—		—
Shares vested and others	136,329	2		(112)		—		—		(110)
Stock compensation expense	—	—		149		—		—		149
Balance at July 31, 2023	16,347,314	$	164	$	121,030	$	(36,539)	$	(2,360)	$	82,295



	Three-Month Period Ended July 31, 2022
	Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at May 1, 2022	16,102,023	$	161	$	120,745	$	(72,262)	$	(5,894)	$	42,750
Net income	—	—		—		9,680		—		9,680
Cash dividends	—	—		—		—		—		—
Pension adjustments	—	—		—		—		135		135
Shares vested and others	108,962	1		(214)		—		—		(213)
Stock compensation expense	—	—		153		—		—		153
Balance at July 31, 2022	16,210,985	$	162	$	120,684	$	(62,582)	$	(5,759)	$	52,505


	Six-Month Period Ended July 31, 2023
	Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at February 1, 2023	16,210,985	$	162	$	120,890	$	(50,631)	$	(2,360)	$	68,061
Net income	—	—		—		$	14,092	—		14,092
Cash dividends	—	—		—		—		—		—
Pension adjustments	—	—		—		—		—		—
Shares vested and others	136,329	2		(112)		—		—		(110)
Stock compensation expense	—	—		252		—		—		252
Balance at July 31, 2023	16,347,314	$	164	$	121,030	$	(36,539)	$	(2,360)	$	82,295



	Six-Month Period Ended July 31, 2022
	Common Stock
In thousands, except share data	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholder's Equity
Balance at February 1, 2022	16,102,023	$	161	$	120,492	$	(67,178)	$	(6,029)	$	47,446
Net income	—	—		—		$	4,596	—		4,596
Cash dividends	—	—		—		—		—		—
Pension adjustments	—	—		—		—		270		270
Shares vested and others	108,962	1		(214)		—		—		(213)
Stock compensation expense	—	—		406		—		—		406
Balance at July 31, 2022	16,210,985	$	162	$	120,684	$	(62,582)	$	(5,759)	$	52,505

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION

Notes to unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

~~April~~July 3031, 2023

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements and are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023 (“Form 10-K”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months and six months ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2024. The balance sheet at January 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. All references to the “Company” refer to Virco Mfg. Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Note 2. Seasonality and Management Use of Estimates

The market for educational furniture is marked by extreme seasonality, with approximately 50% of the Company’s total sales typically occurring from June to August each year, the Company’s peak season. Hence, the Company typically builds and carries significant amounts of inventory during and in anticipation of this peak summer season to facilitate the rapid delivery requirements of customers in the educational market. This requires a large up-front investment in inventory, labor, storage and related costs as inventory is built in anticipation of peak sales during the summer months. As the capital required for this build-up generally exceeds cash available from operations, the Company has generally relied on third-party bank financing to meet cash flow requirements during the build-up period immediately preceding the peak season. In addition, the Company typically is faced with an overall higher accounts receivable balance during the peak season. This occurs for two primary reasons. First, accounts receivable balances typically increase during the peak season as shipments of products increase. Second, many customers during this period are educational institutions and government entities, which tend to pay accounts receivable slower than commercial customers. Historically Virco ships approximately 50% of its annual revenue in the months of June, July, and August. In fiscal 2022, the seasonal peak was distorted due to severe supply chain interruptions, labor shortages, and COVID-19 related employee absences and the Company delivered less than 40% of sales during June, July, and August. In fiscal year ended January 31, 2023, the Company started to return to the traditional seasonality and delivered approximately 47% of annual sales in June, July, and August.

The Company’s working capital requirements during and in anticipation of the peak summer season require management to make estimates and judgments that affect assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to market demand, labor costs and stocking inventory. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, valuation of inventory; deferred tax assets and liabilities; useful lives of property, plant and equipment; liabilities under pension, warranty and self-insurance; and the accounts receivable allowance for doubtful accounts.

Note 3. Recently Issued Accounting Standards

The Company evaluates all Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") for consideration of their applicability to our condensed consolidated financial statements. We have assessed all ASUs issued but not yet adopted and concluded that those not disclosed are not relevant to the Company or are not expected to have a material impact.

Note 4. Revenue Recognition

The Company manufactures, markets and distributes a wide variety of school and office furniture to wholesalers, distributors, educational institutions and governmental entities. Revenue is recorded for promised goods or services when control is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

9The Company's sales generally involve a single performance obligation to deliver goods pursuant to customer purchase orders. Prices for our products are based on published price lists and customer agreements. The Company has determined that the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time when the Company completes delivery per the customer contract. The majority of sales are free on board ("FOB") destination where the destination is specified per the customer contract and may

The Company's sales generally involve a single performance obligation to deliver goods pursuant to customer purchase orders. Prices for our products are based on published price lists and customer agreements. The Company has determined that the performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time when the Company completes delivery per the customer contract. The majority of sales are free on board ("FOB") destination where the destination is specified per the customer contract and may include delivering the furniture into the classroom, school site or warehouse. Sales of furniture that are sold FOB factory are typically made to resellers of our product who in turn provide logistics to the ultimate customer. Once a product has been delivered per the shipping terms, the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. The Company considers control to have transferred upon shipment or delivery in accordance with shipping terms because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the customer has legal title to the asset, the Company has transferred physical possession of the asset, and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset.12

include delivering the furniture into the classroom, school site or warehouse. Sales of furniture that are sold FOB factory are typically made to resellers of our product who in turn provide logistics to the ultimate customer. Once a product has been delivered per the shipping terms, the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. The Company considers control to have transferred upon shipment or delivery in accordance with shipping terms because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the customer has legal title to the asset, the Company has transferred physical possession of the asset, and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset.

Sales are recorded net of discounts, sales incentives and rebates, sales taxes and estimated returns and allowances. The Company offers sales incentives and discounts through various regional and national programs to our customers. These programs include product rebates, product returns allowances and trade promotions. Variable consideration for these programs is estimated in the transaction price at contract inception based on current sales levels and historical experience using the expected value method, subject to constraint.

The Company generates revenue primarily by manufacturing and distributing products through resellers and direct-to-customers. Control transfers to both resellers and direct customers at a point in time when the delivery process is complete as determined by the corresponding shipping terms. Therefore, we do not consider them to be meaningfully different revenue streams given similarities in the nature of the products, performance obligation and distribution processes. Sales are predominately in the United States and to a similar class of customer. We do not manage or evaluate the business based on product line or any other discernable category.

Note 5. Inventories

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value (determined on a first-in, first-out basis) and includes material, labor, and factory overhead. The Company records valuation adjustments for the excess cost of the inventory over its estimated net realizable value. Valuation adjustments for slow-moving and obsolete inventory are calculated using an estimated percentage applied to inventories based on a physical inspection of the product in connection with a physical inventory, a review of slow-moving products and component stage, inventory category, historical and forecasted consumption of sales, and consideration of active marketing programs. The market for education furniture is traditionally driven by value, not style, and the Company has not typically incurred material obsolescence expenses. If market conditions are less favorable than those anticipated by management, additional valuation adjustments may be required. The Company records the cost of excess capacity as a period expense, not as a component of capitalized inventory valuation.

~~Inventory increased by $19,343,000 at April 30, 2023 compared to April 30, 2022.~~ The ~~entire~~following ~~increase~~table inpresents ~~inventory was attributable to increased quantity. The cost and valuation of inventory was stable. The quantity of inventory was increased in response to~~ a ~~material~~breakdown ~~increase in unshipped sales orders (backlog). The majority~~ of the ~~backlog is scheduled for delivery during the traditional seasonal peak from June through August. The increase in inventory was financed by increased borrowing under the~~ Company’s ~~line~~inventories as of ~~credit~~July 31, ~~with~~2023, ~~PNC~~January 31, ~~Bank~~2023 and ~~increased vendor credit~~July 31, ~~which traditionally increases with increased purchases of materials.~~2022:

The following table presents a breakdown of the Company’s inventories as of April 30, 2023, January 31, 2023 and April 30, 2022:


	7/31/2023		1/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(In thousands)

Finished goods	$	24,995	$	25,740	$	26,336
Work in process	29,081		25,303		19,138
Raw materials	17,777		16,363		15,754
Total inventories	$	71,853	$	67,406	$	61,228

	4/30/2023		1/31/2023		4/30/2022
	(in thousands)
Finished goods	$	34,370	$	25,740	$	29,919
Work in process	32,918		25,303		21,719
Raw materials	18,352		16,363		14,659
Total inventories	$	85,640	$	67,406	$	66,297

Note 6. Leases

The Company has operating leases on real property, equipment, and automobiles, expiring at various dates through 2026. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and assesses classification of the lease at commencement. All of the Company’s leases are classified as operating leases. Pursuant to ASC 842 - Leases, the Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable, or the incremental borrowing rate. Our incremental borrowing rate is estimated to approximate the interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments using Company specific credit spreads. The Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for our operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company has an operating lease for its corporate office, and manufacturing and distribution facility located in Torrance, CA, currently with a remaining lease term through April 2025. The Company's lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease only when it is reasonably certain that we exercise that option. The Company leases equipment under a 5-year operating lease arrangement. The Company has the option of buying the assets at the end of the lease period at a price that does not result in the Company being reasonably certain of exercising the option. In addition, the Company leases trucks and automobiles under operating leases that include certain fleet management and maintenance services. Certain of the leases contain renewal or purchase options and require payment for property taxes and insurance. The Company records lease expense on a straight-line basis based on the contractual lease payments. In accordance with ASC 842, the Company recognizes the present value of the future lease commitments as an operating lease liability, and a corresponding right-of-use asset (“ROU asset”), net of tenant allowances. Tenant improvements and related tenant allowances are recorded as a reduction to the ROU asset. The Company elected to account for leases with an original term of 12 months or less that do not contain a purchase option as short-term leases. Additionally, certain of the leases provide for variable payment for property taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance payments among others. The Company recognizes variable lease expenses for these leases in the period incurred. The Company's lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

year operating lease arrangement. The Company has the option of buying the assets at the end of the lease period at a price that does not result in the Company being reasonably certain of exercising the option. In addition, the Company leases trucks and automobiles under operating leases that include certain fleet management and maintenance services. Certain of the leases contain renewal or purchase options and require payment for property taxes and insurance. The Company records lease expense on a straight-line basis based on the contractual lease payments. In accordance with ASC 842, the Company recognizes the present value of the future lease commitments as an operating lease liability, and a corresponding right-of-use asset (“ROU asset”), net of tenant allowances. Tenant improvements and related tenant allowances are recorded as a reduction to the ROU asset. The Company elected to account for leases with an original term of 12 months or less that do not contain a purchase option as short-term leases. Additionally, certain of the leases provide for variable payment for property taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance payments, among others. The Company recognizes variable lease expenses for these leases in the period incurred. The Company's lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The quantitative information regarding our leases is as follows:

	Three Months Ended		~~Three Months Ended~~			Six Months Ended
						4/30/2023			4/30/2022
	7/31/2023		7/31/2022			7/31/2023			7/31/2022
					(in thousands, except lease term and discount rate)
	(In thousands, except lease term and discount rate)
Operating lease cost	$	1,281	$	1,288		$	12,~~269~~550		$	12,~~327~~615
Short-term lease cost	80		79			~~108~~188			97176
Sublease income	(10)		(10)			(1020)			(1020)
Variable lease cost	160		278			~~261~~421			~~253~~531
Total lease cost	$	1,511	$	1,635		$	13,~~628~~139		$	13,~~667~~302
Other operating leases information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities						$	12,~~433~~890		$	12,~~454~~880
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities						$	~~292~~364		$	98398
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)						21.27			2.97
Weighted-average discount rate						6.3336		%	6.38		%

Minimum future lease payments for operating leases in effect as of ~~April~~July 3031, 2023, are as follows:


	Operating Lease
For the year ending January 31,	(In thousands)
Remaining of 2024	$	2,902
2025	5,825
2026	1,564
2027	8
2028	—
Thereafter	—
Remaining balance of lease payments	10,299

Short-term lease liabilities	5,386
Long-term lease liabilities	4,317
Total lease liabilities	9,703

Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$	596

	Operating Lease
For the year ending January 31,	(in thousands)
Remaining of 2024	$	4,344
2025	5,794
2026	1,536
2027	2
2028	—
Thereafter	—
Remaining balance of lease payments	$	11,676
Short-term lease liabilities	$	5,271
Long-term lease liabilities	5,648
Total lease liabilities	$	10,919
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows	$	757

Note 7. Debt

Outstanding balances for the Company’s long-term debt were as follows:

4/30/2023

1/31/2023

4/30/2022

7/31/2023

1/31/2023

7/31/2022

(in thousands)

(In thousands)

Revolving credit line

3042,~~121~~012

17,122

2832,~~674~~502

Other

4,~~564~~505

4,622

4,~~795~~738

Total debt

3446,~~685~~517

21,744

3337,~~469~~240

Less current portion

2032,~~362~~256

7,360

1822,~~905~~736

Non-current portion

14,~~323~~261

14,384

14,~~564~~504

The Company and Virco Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiary (the “Borrowers”) have a Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent and lender (“PNC”). The Credit Agreement was amended numerous times since its origination in December 2011. On September 28, 2021, the Borrowers entered into an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the “Restated Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, which amended and restated the prior Credit Agreement and effectively incorporated all of the prior amendments into an amended and restated form of agreement.

The Restated Credit Agreement permits the Company to issue dividends or make payments with respect to the Company’s capital stock in an aggregate amount up to $3.0 million during any fiscal year, provided that no default shall have occurred or is continuing or would result from any such payment, and the Company must demonstrate pro forma compliance with a 12-month trailing fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.20:1.00 as of the fiscal quarter immediately preceding the date of any such dividend or payment. The Restated Credit Agreement also requires the Company to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, and contains numerous other covenants that limit under certain circumstances the ability of the Borrowers and their subsidiaries to, among other things, merge with or acquire other entities, incur new liens, incur additional indebtedness, sell assets outside of the ordinary course of business, enter into transactions with affiliates, or substantially change the general nature of the business of the Borrowers. In connection with the Restated Credit Agreement, the Company also agreed to pay to PNC Bank a non-refundable fee of $50,000.

In addition to the financial covenants, the Restated Credit Agreement provides for customary events of default, subject to certain cure periods and other limitations. Substantially all of the Borrowers' accounts receivable are automatically and promptly swept to repay amounts outstanding under the Restated Credit Agreement upon receipt by the Borrowers. Due to this automatic liquidating nature of the Restated Credit Agreement, if the Borrowers breach any covenant, violate any representation or warranty or suffer a deterioration in their ability to borrow pursuant to the borrowing base calculation, the Borrowers may not have access to cash liquidity unless provided by PNC at its discretion.

12The other material terms of the Restated Credit Agreement are substantially the same as those of the original Credit Agreement, consisting of (i) a revolving line of credit with a Maximum Revolving Advance Amount of $65.0 million that is subject to a borrowing base limitation and generally provides for advances of up to 85% of eligible accounts receivable, plus a percentage equal to the lesser of 60% of the value of eligible inventory or 85% of the liquidation value of eligible inventory, plus $15.0 million from January through July of each year, minus undrawn amounts of letters of credit and reserves and (ii) an equipment loan of $2.0 million. The Restated Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of the Borrowers’ personal property and certain of the Borrowers’ real property. The Restated Credit Agreement is subject to certain prepayment penalties upon early termination of the Restated Credit Agreement. Prior to the maturity date, principal amounts outstanding under the Restated Credit Agreement may be repaid and reborrowed at the option of the Borrowers without premium or penalty, subject to borrowing base limitations, seasonal adjustments and certain other conditions, including reduced borrowings under the revolving line to less than or equal $10.0 million for a period of 30 consecutive days during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. The Restated Credit Agreement also contains certain financial covenants, including covenants requiring a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and limits on capital expenditures. The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of July 31, 2023.

orThe ~~warranty~~Company's orrevolving ~~suffer~~line aof ~~deterioration~~credit inwith ~~their~~PNC ~~ability~~is structured to ~~borrow~~provide ~~pursuant~~seasonal tocredit availability during the Company's peak summer season. Approximately $30.5 million was available for borrowing ~~base~~as ~~calculation~~of July 31, 2023. The interest rate range for outstanding loan balances during the ~~Borrowers~~quarter ~~may~~ended ~~not~~July 31, ~~have~~2023 ~~access~~was 8.19% to ~~cash~~10.25%. ~~liquidity~~The ~~unless~~Company ~~provided~~also byincurs ~~PNC~~a fee on the unused portion of the revolving line of credit at ~~its~~a ~~discretion~~rate of 0.375%.

The other material terms of the Restated Credit Agreement are substantially the same as those of the original Credit Agreement, consisting of (i) a revolving line of credit with a Maximum Revolving Advance Amount of $65.0 million that is subject to a borrowing base limitation and generally provides for advances of up to 85% of eligible accounts receivable, plus a percentage equal to the lesser of 60% of the value of eligible inventory or 85% of the liquidation value of eligible inventory, plus $15.0 million from January through July of each year, minus undrawn amounts of letters of credit and reserves and (ii) an equipment loan of $2.0 million. The Restated Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of the Borrowers’ personal property and certain of the Borrowers’ real property. The Restated Credit Agreement is subject to certain prepayment penalties upon early termination of the Restated Credit Agreement. Prior to the maturity date, principal amounts outstanding under the Restated Credit Agreement may be repaid and reborrowed at the option of the Borrowers without premium or penalty, subject to borrowing base limitations, seasonal adjustments and certain other conditions, including reduced borrowings under the revolving line to less than or equal $10.0 million for a period of 30 consecutive days during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. The Restated Credit Agreement also contains certain financial covenants, including covenants requiring a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and limits on capital expenditures. The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of April 30, 2023.

~~The~~In ~~Company's~~addition ~~revolving~~to ~~line~~the ofoutstanding ~~credit~~debt ~~with~~balance ~~PNC~~of is$42.0 ~~structured~~million toon ~~provide seasonal credit availability during~~ the Company's ~~peak~~revolving ~~summer~~credit ~~season.~~line, ~~Approximately~~the ~~$16.6~~Company ~~million~~also ~~was~~carries ~~available~~a ~~for~~mortgage ~~borrowing~~on asa ofmanufacturing ~~April 30,~~building ~~2023. The~~in ~~interest~~Conway ~~rate~~Arkansas. ~~range~~The ~~for~~original ~~outstanding~~note ~~loan~~was ~~balances~~dated ~~during~~August ~~the~~2017 ~~quarter~~for ~~ended April~~$5.8 30million, ~~2023~~at ~~was~~a ~~7.65%~~fixed torate ~~9.75~~of 4%. ~~The~~per ~~Company~~year ~~also~~and ~~incurs~~20 ayears ~~fee~~term. The onoutstanding ~~the~~amount ~~unused~~under ~~portion~~this ofnote ~~the~~was ~~revolving~~$4.5 ~~line~~million ofas ~~credit at a rate~~ of ~~0.375%.~~July 31, 2023.

In addition to the outstanding debt balance of $30.1 million on the Company's revolving credit line, the Company also carries a mortgage on a manufacturing building in Conway Arkansas. The original note was dated August 2017 for $5.8 million, at a fixed rate of 4% per year and 20 years term. The outstanding amount under this note was $4.6 million as of April 30, 2023.

On May 19, 2023, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (“Amendment No. 3”) with PNC, with an effective date of May 5, 2023. Amendment No. 3 amended the Restated Credit Agreement and the secured revolving line of credit provided to the Company under the revolving credit facility to reflect the following material changes:

i.Maximum size of the PNC line of credit has been increased to $72.5 million during the months of June through August of 2023, to provide additional availability for the Company’s forecast through the 2023 peak borrowing period;

ii.Increase in the total inventory sublimit under the Credit Agreement to $35.0 million and increase in the Assemble-to-ship (ATS) inventory sublimit to $15.0 million during the months of May through August of 2023;

iii.The Company agreed to pay an amendment fee of $50,000, which is 0.67% on the incremental line increase of $7.5 million; and

iv.Increase in the Applicable Margin (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of 25 basis points.

Management believes that the carrying value of debt approximated fair value at ~~April~~July 3031, 2023, as all of the long-term debt bears interest at variable rates based on prevailing market conditions.

Note 8. Income Taxes

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of its deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income or reversal of deferred tax liabilities during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. As a part of this evaluation, the Company assesses all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, the availability of tax carry backs, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations, to determine whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to realize existing deferred tax assets. Valuation allowances of $~~575~~390,000, $864,000 and $109,~~099~~241,000 as of ~~April~~July 3031, 2023, January 31, 2023 and ~~April~~July 3031, 2022, respectively, are needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards to reduce the carrying amount of deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

For the three months ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 and 2022, the effective income tax rates were 23.56% and 5.3.0%, respectively. For the six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, the effective income tax rates were 23.6% and 0.3%, respectively. The change in effective tax rates for the three and six months ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 was primarily due to the change in forecasted mix of income before federal and state income taxes and estimated permanent differences. The effective tax rate for the three and six months ended July 31, 2022 was primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards.

ended April 30, 2022 was primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards.

The January 31, 2018 and subsequent fiscal years remain open for examination by the IRS and state tax authorities. The Company is not currently under any state examination.

~~Note 9. Net Loss per Share~~16

~~Basic~~Note ~~net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding~~9. ~~The~~ ~~following~~Net ~~table~~Income ~~sets forth the computation of basic net loss~~ per ~~share:~~Share

	Three Months Ended
	4/30/2023		4/30/2022
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net loss	$	(1,442)	$	(5,084)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding	16,211		16,033
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents from equity incentive plans (a)	—		—
Totals	16,211		16,033
Net loss per share - basic	$	(0.09)	$	(0.32)
Net loss per share - diluted	$	(0.09)	$	(0.32)

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:

(a) At April 30, 2023 and 2022, approximately 85,000 and 169,000 shares of common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share, as the effect would be anti-dilutive since the Company reported a net loss.


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2023		7/31/2022		7/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(In thousands, except per share data)

Net income	$	15,534	$	9,680	$	14,092	$	4,596

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic	16,272		16,108		16,242		16,071
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents from equity incentive plans	22		—		15		—
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - diluted	16,294		16,108		16,257		16,071

Net income per share - basic	$	0.95	$	0.60	$	0.87	$	0.29
Net income per share - diluted	$	0.95	$	0.60	$	0.87	$	0.29

Note 10. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Incentive Plan

~~The~~Under the Company's ~~two stock incentive plans are the~~ 2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”), the Company may grant an aggregate of up to 1,000,000 shares to its employees and non-employee directors in the ~~2011~~form ~~Stock~~of ~~Incentive~~restricted ~~Plan~~stock (units, restricted stock awards and stock options. Restricted stock units and awards granted under the ~~“2011~~2019 Plan”) are expensed ratably over the vesting period of the awards. The ~~2011~~Company ~~Plan~~determines ~~expired~~the infair ~~2021~~value of its restricted stock units or awards and norelated ~~new~~compensation ~~award~~expense ~~may~~as bethe ~~made~~difference between the market value of the units or awards on the date of grant less the exercise price of the units or awards granted. During the three-month and six-month periods ended July 31, 2023, the Company granted 70,510 awards, vested 93,600 shares according to their terms and forfeited 0 shares under the ~~2011~~2019 Plan. As of July 31, 2023, there were approximately 537,925 shares available for future issuance under the 2019 Plan.

~~Under~~The ~~the~~following ~~2019~~table ~~Plan,~~summarizes the ~~Company may grant an aggregate of up to 1,000,000 shares to its employees in the form of restricted~~ stock ~~units and non~~-~~employee~~based ~~directors~~compensation inexpense ~~the~~related ~~form~~to of restricted stock awards~~. Restricted~~ ~~stock~~recognized ~~units~~in ~~and awards granted under~~ the ~~2019~~Company's ~~Plan~~statements ~~are expensed ratably over the vesting period~~ of ~~the~~operations ~~awards.~~for ~~The Company determines~~ the ~~fair~~three ~~value of its restricted stock units or awards~~ and ~~related~~six ~~compensation~~months ~~expense as the difference between the market value of the units or awards on the date of grant less the exercise price of the units or awards granted. During the three-month period~~ ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023, ~~the Company granted 0 awards, vested 0 shares according to their terms~~ and ~~forfeited 0 shares under the 2019 Plan. As of April 30, 2023, there were approximately 608,435 shares available for future issuance under the 2019 Plan.~~ 2022:

The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards recognized in the Company's statement of operations for the three months ended April 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	7/31/2023		7/31/2022		7/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(In thousands)

Cost of goods sold	$	28	$	37	$	56	$	92
Selling, general and administrative expenses	121		116		196		314
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	149	$	153	$	252	$	406

	Three Months Ended
	4/30/2023		4/30/2022
	(in thousands)
Cost of goods sold	$	28	$	55
Selling, general and administrative expenses	75		198
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	103	$	253

As of July 31, 2023, there was $572,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units and/or awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1 year.

As of April 30, 2023, there was $446,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units and/or awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1 year.

Note 11. Retirement Plans

The Company and its subsidiaries cover certain employees under a noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan, entitled the Virco Employees’ Retirement Plan (the “Pension Plan”). As more fully described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K, benefit accruals under the Employees Retirement Plan were frozen effective December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under this plan.

The Company also provides a supplementary retirement plan for certain key employees, the VIP Retirement Plan (the “VIP Plan”). As more fully described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2023, benefit accruals under the VIP Plan were frozen since December 31, 2003. There is no service cost incurred under the VIP Plan.

The following table summarizes the net periodic pension cost for the Pension Plan and the VIP Plan for the three and six months ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 and 2022:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	4/30/2023		4/30/2022
	7/31/2023		7/31/2022		7/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(in thousands)
	(In thousands)
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest cost	360		~~298~~299		720		597
Expected return on plan assets	(199)		(237)		(398)		(474)
Plan settlement	—		—		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost	—		—		—		—
Recognized net actuarial loss	—		134		—		268
Benefit cost	$	161	$	~~195~~196	$	322	$	391

401(k) Retirement Plan

The Company’s retirement plan, which covers all U.S. employees, allows participants to defer from 1% to 75% of their eligible compensation through a 401(k)-retirement program. The plan includes Virco stock as one of the investment options. At ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 and 2022, the plan held 1,~~320~~415,~~482~~111 shares and 1,~~165~~221,~~985~~095 shares of Virco stock, respectively. For the three-month ~~months~~period ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 and 2022, the compensation costs incurred for employer match, which is paid in the form of Company stock, was $~~403~~319,000 and $~~330~~322,000 respectively. For the six-month period ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, the compensation costs incurred for employer match, which is paid in the form of Company stock, was $722,000 and $652,000 respectively.

Note 12. Warranty Accrual

The Company provides a warranty against all substantial defects in material and workmanship. The standard warranty offered on products sold through January 31, 2013 is ten years. Effective February 1, 2014 the Company modified its warranty to a limited lifetime warranty. The warranty was effective February 1, 2014, is not anticipated to have a significant effect on warranty expense. Effective January 1, 2017, the Company modified the standard warranty offered on products sold after January 1, 2017 to provide specific warranty periods by product component, with no warranty period longer than ten years. The Company’s warranty is not a guarantee of service life, which depends upon events outside the Company’s control and may be different from the warranty period. The Company accrues an estimate of its exposure to warranty claims based upon both product sales data and an analysis of actual warranty claims incurred.

The following is a summary of the Company’s warranty-claim activity for the three and six months ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 and 2022:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	4/30/2023		4/30/2022
	7/31/2023		7/31/2022		7/31/2023		7/31/2022
	(in thousands)
	(In thousands)
Beginning balance	$	600	$	600	$	600	$	600
Provision	4150		34116		91		150
Costs incurred	(4150)		(3466)		(91)		(100)
Ending balance	$	600	$	~~600~~650	$	600	$	650

Note 13. Contingencies

The Company has a self-insured retention for product losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, workers’ compensation liability losses up to $250,000 per occurrence, general liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence and automobile liability losses up to $50,000 per occurrence. The Company has purchased insurance to cover losses in excess of the self-insurance retention or deductible up to a limit of $30,000,000. The Company has obtained an actuarial estimate of its total expected future losses for liability claims and recorded a liability equal to the net present value.

deductible up to a limit of $30,000,000. The Company has obtained an actuarial estimate of its total expected future losses for liability claims and recorded a liability equal to the net present value.

The Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in various legal proceedings resulting from operations in the normal course of business. It is the opinion of management, in consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of all such matters will not materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Note 14. Delivery Costs

For the three months ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 and 2022, shipping and classroom delivery costs of approximately $39,~~343~~991,000 and $37,~~254~~129,000, respectively, were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

For the six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, shipping and classroom delivery costs of approximately $13,334,000 and $10,383,000, respectively, were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Note 15. Subsequent Events

~~On May 19, 2023, the Company executed Amendment No~~None. ~~3 to the Restated Credit Agreement, with an effective date of May 5, 2023. See Note 7.~~

1619

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Results of Operations

Overview

The results of operations for the three-month ~~period~~and six-month periods ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 and the comparable ~~period~~periods ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2022 have been impacted by economic conditions driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, and global supply chain disruptions ~~and global conflict~~. The impact of ~~the~~COVID-19 ~~supply~~has ~~chain~~been ~~disruptions~~quite ~~were~~different ~~much less severe~~ during the current year compared to the prior ~~year~~years. Typically, the Company has an exceptionally seasonal annual cycle where approximately 50% of sales occur in the months of June, July and August. Orders received from customers follow a similar ~~seasonal~~but less pronounced cycle,. The ~~with~~Company ~~the~~typically ~~bulk~~receives orders for projects several months in advance of delivery, while smaller orders ~~arriving~~for ~~approximately~~fill in or replacements are typically received 4-6 weeks ~~preceding~~prior ~~the~~to ~~selling season~~delivery.

~~For~~During the ~~three-month~~months ~~period~~of ~~ended April 30~~June, ~~2023~~July, ~~management~~and ~~believes~~August ~~that~~of 2021, the ~~traditional~~Company ~~seasonal~~was ~~cycle~~severely impacted by shortages of labor and ~~the~~materials. The Company’s ~~ability~~delivered toless ~~service~~than ~~that~~40% ~~seasonal~~of ~~cycle~~annual ~~has~~shipments ~~returned~~during tothe ~~normal~~traditional summer season. During the ~~three-month~~months ~~period~~of ~~ended~~June, ~~April 30~~July, ~~2023~~and August of 2022 the Company ~~experienced~~substantially areturned ~~10.4%~~to ~~increase~~the intraditional ~~orders~~seasonal ~~compared~~cycle toand ~~the~~delivered ~~same~~approximately ~~period~~47% ~~last~~of ~~year~~sales. In For ~~addition,~~ the ~~Company~~three ~~started~~months ~~the~~of ~~year~~June, ~~with~~July, aand ~~backlog~~August of2023 ~~unshipped~~the ~~sales~~Company ~~orders~~believes that ~~was~~there ~~nearly~~has ~~$18~~been ~~million~~a ~~higher~~full ~~than~~return to the ~~prior~~traditional ~~year~~seasonal summer peak. OnThe ~~April~~Company ~~30,~~began ~~2023~~ the ~~Company’s~~three-month ~~backlog~~period of ~~unshipped~~June, ~~sales~~July, ~~orders~~and ~~was~~August ~~approximately~~of ~~$104.6~~2023 ~~million~~with ~~compared~~a tolarger ~~$85.7~~backlog ~~million~~of onorders ~~April~~for 30summer delivery, ~~2022. The~~nearly ~~Company~~$20 ~~believes~~million ~~that~~of aincreased ~~significant~~inventory ~~majority~~(as of ~~the~~April ~~sales~~30, ~~order~~2023) ~~backlog~~and ~~will~~adequate beavailability ~~delivered~~of ~~during~~both ~~June,~~full ~~July,~~time and ~~August~~temporary oflabor to service the ~~current~~summer ~~year~~delivery season.

AsDuring ~~discussed in~~ the ~~Risk~~quarter ~~Factors~~ended ~~section~~April of30, 2023, the Company’s ~~Form~~had experienced a 10-K.4% increase in orders, most of which were for ~~the~~summer ~~fiscal~~of ~~year~~2023 delivery. During the quarter ended ~~January~~July 31, 2023, the Company ~~utilizes~~experienced ~~one~~a ~~nationwide~~3.3% ~~contract~~increase in orders. Year-to-date ~~price~~the aCompany ~~significant~~experienced ~~portion~~a of6.7% ~~our~~increase in orders. ~~This~~In ~~contract/price~~addition, ~~list~~the ~~determines~~Company ~~selling~~started ~~prices~~the ~~for~~current ~~goods~~fiscal ~~and~~year ~~services~~with ~~for~~an ~~periods~~order ofbacklog ~~one~~that ~~year~~was ~~and~~approximately ~~occasionally~~$18 ~~longer. Due~~million togreater than the ~~current~~prior ~~volatile~~year. This ~~nature~~caused ofthe ~~commodity~~Company’s ~~and~~backlog ~~energy~~of ~~prices~~unshipped inorders ~~addition~~when toentering ~~general inflation,~~ the ~~Company~~traditional ~~has~~seasonal ~~negotiated~~period ~~the~~at ~~ability~~April to30, ~~increase~~2023 ~~prices~~compared ~~for~~to ~~orders~~April ~~received~~30, ~~after~~2022 ~~July~~to 1increase ofby ~~each~~nearly ~~contract~~$19 ~~year~~million ~~in addition~~ to ~~the~~$104.6 ~~annual~~million ~~January~~compared ~~1price~~to ~~increase~~$85.7 million. ~~There~~A issignificant ~~typically~~portion aof ~~several~~this ~~months'~~order ~~time~~backlog ~~lag~~is ~~between~~anticipated ~~raising~~to ~~prices~~be ondelivered ~~orders~~during ~~and~~the ~~realizing~~months ~~the~~of ~~increase~~June, inJuly, ~~sales~~and ~~revenue~~August 2023.

~~Sales~~The significant increase in sales for the ~~first~~second quarter ended ~~April~~July 3031, ~~2022~~2023 ~~consisted~~was ~~substantially~~attributable ~~of orders received prior~~ to the ~~January~~increase 1,is ~~2022~~order ~~price~~backlog ~~increase,~~going ~~causing~~into ~~gross~~the ~~margin~~quarter, ofan ~~sales~~$19 ~~during~~million ~~that~~increase ~~quarter~~in toinventory beat ~~lower~~the ~~than~~beginning ~~desirable. Sales~~ of the ~~quarter~~second ~~ended April 30~~quarter, ~~2023~~and ~~benefited~~to ~~from~~ the ~~effect~~Company’s ofability ~~two~~to ~~price~~service ~~increases,~~the ~~one~~increase ~~each~~in atorders ~~January~~during 1,the ~~2022~~summer ~~and~~delivery ~~July 1, 2022~~window. The ~~cumulative~~Company’s ~~impact~~backlog of ~~the~~unshipped ~~two~~sales ~~price~~orders ~~increases~~at ~~favorably~~July ~~impacted~~31, ~~operating~~2023 ~~results~~declined ~~for~~by ~~the~~$7.2 ~~three~~million ~~months~~to ~~ended~~$74.0 ~~April~~million ~~30,~~compared ~~2023~~to $81. 2 million in the prior year.

~~Although~~Three ~~conditions~~Months ~~have~~Ended ~~improved~~July ~~compared to the prior year~~31, financing challenges resulting from the recent bank failures and credit tightening and supply chain disruptions from international sources – primarily China – continue to adversely affect operations and the competitive landscape. Because the Company has maintained its domestic factories, management believes that the Company will be less vulnerable to international supply chain disruption compared to competitors that source finished goods overseas, but the Company will still be affected by these international events.2023

~~Virco~~For ~~does not deliver furniture to new schools until~~ the ~~customer~~three ~~has~~months anended ~~occupancy~~July ~~certificate. Supply~~31, ~~chain~~2023, ~~disruptions in~~ the ~~construction~~Company ~~industry~~earned ~~which~~pre-tax ~~may~~income ~~delay the completion~~ of ~~new~~$20,335,000 ~~schools~~on ~~did not significantly impact~~ sales ~~volume~~of ~~during the quarter ended April 30~~$107, ~~2023~~321,000 ~~but~~compared ~~may~~to ~~impact~~a ~~the~~pre-tax ~~timing~~income of ~~sales during the balance of the year~~$9,975,000 ~~possibly~~on ~~causing~~sales ~~deliveries~~ of ~~furniture scheduled for the second quarter ending July 31~~$82,797,000 ~~2023 to occur~~ in the ~~subsequent~~prior ~~quarter~~year.

~~Three~~Sales ~~Months~~for ~~Ended~~the ~~April~~second 30quarter increased by approximately $24,524,000 or 29.6%, compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was attributable to an increase in beginning of year sales backlog, increased first quarter orders, a price increase for orders received after July 1, 2022 and January 1, 2023, and by the Company’s ability to service the traditional seasonal cycle.

~~For~~Gross margin for the ~~three~~second ~~months~~quarter ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023, was 45.3% compared to 38.5% in the ~~Company~~prior ~~incurred~~year. The aincrease ~~pre-tax~~in ~~loss~~margin ofwas $1attributable to the price increases discussed above,~~886~~ relatively stable commodity costs,~~000~~ onand an increase in sales ofwhich ~~$34,943,000~~include ~~compared~~Virco tofull aservice. The ~~pre-tax~~increase ~~loss~~in offull $5service orders improves gross margin,~~366,000~~ onbut ~~sales~~does ofrequire ~~$32~~increased freight and service costs,~~084,000~~ which are included in ~~the~~selling, ~~prior~~general ~~year~~and administrative expenses.

~~Sales~~Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended July 31, 2023 increased by approximately $26,~~859~~653,000 orand ~~8.9%,~~was slightly higher as a percentage of sales compared to the same ~~prior~~period ~~year~~last ~~period~~year. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was attributable in part to anincreased ~~increase~~variable infreight ~~beginning~~and service expense attributable to a larger portion of ~~year~~full ~~sales~~service ~~backlog~~orders, increased ~~first~~variable ~~quarter~~selling ~~orders~~expenses, and ~~increased~~a ~~selling~~provision ~~prices~~for a management bonus based upon profitability.

~~Gross~~Interest ~~margin~~expense ~~for~~increased ~~the~~by ~~quarter ended April 30~~$385,000 ~~2023~~for ~~was 37.8% of sales compared to 30.3% in~~ the ~~prior~~three ~~year. In~~months ~~order to recover the increased cost of materials and labor incurred in the fiscal year~~ ended ~~January~~July 31, ~~2022,~~2023 ~~the~~compared ~~Company~~to ~~raised~~the ~~prices~~same ~~for~~period ~~all~~last ~~orders received after January 1, 2022~~year. The ~~impact of the price~~ increase ~~did~~was ~~not~~primarily ~~fully~~attributable ~~affect~~to ~~sales~~an ~~for~~increase in the ~~quarter~~amount ~~ended~~borrowed ~~April~~in ~~30, 2022. The three-month period ended April 30,~~ 2023 ~~benefited~~to ~~from~~finance ~~the~~seasonal ~~cumulative~~working ~~effect~~capital ~~of price increases implemented January 1, 2022~~ and ~~July~~an 1,increase ~~2022,~~in ~~returning~~interest ~~margins to profitable full year levels~~rates.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A) for the three months ended April 30, 2023 increased by approximately $63,000 compared to the same period last year, but decreased as a percentage of sales to 41.5% compared to 45.0% in the prior year. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was attributable in part to increased variable freight and 20

17For the three months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, the effective income tax rates were 23.6% and 3.0%, respectively. The lower effective tax rate in 2022 was due primarily to the recording of a valuation allowance needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards, which commenced in the fourth quarter of fiscal year ended January 31, 2022 and continued through the period ended July 31, 2022. The increase in the effective tax rate for the second quarter ended July 31, 2023 was primarily due to the reversal of the valuation allowance at January 31, 2023.

~~service~~Six ~~expense~~Months ~~and~~Ended byJuly ~~increased variable selling expenses. Because a significant portion of general and administrative expenses do not fluctuate with sales volume~~31, ~~SG&A declined as a percentage of sales.~~ 2023

~~During~~For the ~~fiscal~~six-month ~~year~~period ended ~~January~~July 31, 2023 the Company ~~purchased~~earned ~~equity~~a ~~securities~~pre-tax ~~held~~profit inof a$18,449,000 ~~Rabbi~~on ~~Trust~~sales of $142,264,000 compared to ~~fund~~a ~~benefits~~pre-tax ~~under~~profit ~~the~~of ~~VIP~~$4,609,000 ~~Pension~~on ~~Plan~~sales of $114,881,000 in the prior year. ~~The~~Sales ~~Company~~increased ~~benefited~~by ~~from~~approximately $~~299~~27,383,000 or 23.8%. The increase was attributable to an increase in beginning of ~~unrealized~~year ~~gains~~sales ~~during~~backlog, ~~the~~increased ~~three~~first ~~months~~quarter ~~ended~~orders, ~~April~~a 30price increase for orders received after January 1, 2023 and July 1, 2022, and by the Company’s ability to service the traditional seasonal cycle.

~~The~~Gross ~~primary~~Margin ~~component~~for ofthe ~~pension~~first ~~expense~~six ~~relates~~months toof ~~the~~fiscal ~~amortization~~2024 ofwas ~~AOCI~~43. In4% ~~the~~compared ~~year~~to ~~ended~~36.2% ~~January~~in ~~31,~~the ~~2022,~~prior ~~the~~year. The ~~Company~~margin ~~benefited~~was ~~from~~affected ~~favorable~~by ~~investment~~price ~~returns~~increases on ~~Plan~~July ~~assets~~1, 2022 and ~~reduced~~January ~~measurement~~1, ~~of benefit obligations due to increased discount rates~~2023, ~~both~~combined ofwith ~~which~~relatively ~~favorably~~stable ~~impacted~~costs ~~AOCI. Because beginning of the year AOCI was low~~ for ~~the~~raw ~~three-month~~materials ~~periods~~and ~~ended~~labor ~~April 30~~expenses, ~~2023~~ and ~~2022,~~an ~~the~~increase ~~quarterly~~in ~~amortization~~business ofwhich ~~AOCI~~included ~~was~~Virco ~~reduced~~full ~~compared to prior years~~service.

~~Interest~~Selling, ~~expense~~general ~~increased~~and byadministrative ~~$285,000~~expenses for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 increased compared to the same period last year and decreased as a percentage of sales. The increase ~~was~~in ~~primarily~~selling, general and administrative expenses was attributable to an increase in ~~the~~orders ~~amount~~which ~~borrowed~~include toVirco ~~finance~~full ~~seasonal~~service, ~~working~~increased ~~capital~~variable freight and anservice ~~increase~~expenses, invariable ~~the~~selling ~~interest~~expenses, ~~rate~~and a provision for management bonus based upon profitability.

~~For~~Interest ~~the~~expense ~~three~~increased ~~months~~by ~~ended April 30~~$670,000 ~~2023 and 2022, the effective income tax rates were 23.5% and 5.3%, respectively. The change in effective tax rates~~ for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023 ~~was~~compared ~~primarily due~~ to the ~~change~~same inperiod ~~forecasted~~last ~~mix of income before federal and state income taxes and estimated permanent differences~~year. The ~~lower~~increase ~~effective tax rate in prior year~~ was ~~due~~ primarily attributable to ~~the~~an ~~recording~~increase ofin athe ~~valuation~~amount ~~allowance~~borrowed ~~needed~~in ~~for~~2023 ~~federal~~to ~~deferred~~finance ~~tax~~seasonal ~~assets~~working capital and ~~certain~~an ~~state~~increase ~~net~~in ~~operating~~interest ~~loss carryforwards~~rates.

For the six months ended July 31, 2023 and 2022, the effective income tax rates were 23.6% and 0.3%, respectively. The lower effective tax rate in 2022 was due primarily to the recording of a valuation allowance needed for federal deferred tax assets and certain state net operating loss carryforwards which commenced in the fourth quarter of fiscal year ended January 31, 2022 and continued through the period ended July 31, 2022. The increase in the effective tax rate for the six months ended July 31, 2023 was primarily due to the reversal of the valuation allowance at January 31, 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The market for education furniture is extremely seasonal and approximately 50% of the Company's annual sales volume is shipped in the months of June through August of each year. The Company traditionally manufactures large quantities of inventory during the first and second quarters of each fiscal year in anticipation of seasonally high summer shipments. In addition, the Company finances a large balance of accounts receivable during the peak season. As discussed above, ~~during~~due ~~the~~to ~~fiscal~~COVID-19, ~~year~~during ~~ended~~fiscal ~~January~~2021 ~~31,~~and 2022, the Company ~~experienced~~incurred ~~severe~~ supply chain disruptions and labor ~~availability~~shortages ~~and~~which ~~delivered~~adversely ~~orders~~affected ~~later in~~ the ~~year. In~~Company’s ~~the~~ability ~~fiscal~~to ~~year~~service ~~ended~~the ~~January~~traditional ~~31,~~summer ~~2023,~~delivery ~~the~~window. The ~~supply~~Company ~~chain~~believes ~~disruptions~~that ~~abated and~~ the Company’s ~~started~~ability to ~~return~~service to the ~~more~~ traditional seasonal ~~cycle. The Company believes that traditional seasonal~~ sales cycle has ~~substantially~~ returned ~~for the quarter ended April 30, 2023,~~ and will continue through the ~~fourth~~remainder ~~quarter~~of ~~ending~~this ~~January~~fiscal ~~31, 2024~~year.

~~Inventory~~Accounts Receivable increased by $1924,~~343~~306,000 at ~~April~~July 3031, 2023, compared to ~~April~~the ~~30,~~same ~~2022~~period last year. The ~~entire~~ increase inis ~~inventory was~~ attributable to increased ~~quantity. The cost and valuation of inventory was stable. The quantity of inventory was increased in response to a material increase in unshipped~~ sales ~~orders (backlog). The majority of the backlog is scheduled for delivery during the traditional seasonal peak from June through August. The increase~~ in ~~inventory was financed by increased borrowing under~~ the ~~Company’s~~quarter ~~line~~ended ofJuly ~~credit with PNC Bank and increased vendor credit~~31, ~~which traditionally increases with increased purchases of materials~~2023.

~~Accrual~~Inventory ~~basis~~increased ~~capital~~by ~~expenditures~~$10,625,000 ~~for~~at ~~the~~July ~~three months ended April 30~~31, 2023 ~~were $1,300,000~~ compared to ~~$627~~July 31,~~000~~ ~~for~~2022. The ~~the~~increase ~~same~~is ~~period~~primarily ~~last~~attributable ~~year~~to increased quantity. The ~~Capital~~increase ~~expenditures~~in ~~are~~inventory ~~being~~was financed ~~through~~by increased borrowing under the Company'’s ~~credit~~line ~~facility~~of credit with PNC Bank and ~~operating~~increased ~~cash~~vendor ~~flow~~credit, ~~and~~which ~~restricted~~traditionally toincreases ~~not~~with ~~exceed~~increased ~~$8,000,000~~purchases ~~per~~of ~~year by covenant~~materials.

~~The~~Accrual ~~Company~~basis ~~was~~capital inexpenditures ~~violation~~for ~~of its financial covenants under~~ the ~~Restated~~six ~~Credit~~months ~~Agreement~~ended asJuly ~~of January~~ 31, ~~2022,~~2023 ~~due~~were to$3,235,000 ancompared ~~increase in the Company’s net loss primarily attributable~~ to ~~the effects of supply chain disruptions and labor shortages. On April 15~~$1, ~~2022~~839,000 for the ~~Company~~same ~~entered~~period ~~into~~last ~~Amendment No~~year. 2Capital toexpenditures ~~the~~are ~~Revolving~~being ~~Credit~~financed ~~and~~through ~~Security Agreement with PNC Bank, which implemented certain changes to~~ the Company’'s credit facility with PNC Bank, ~~including~~and ~~the~~operating ~~extension~~cash offlow ~~the~~and ~~final~~restricted ~~maturity date of the facility~~ to ~~April~~not ~~15,~~exceed ~~2027. Subsequent to the period ended April 30~~$8, ~~2023~~000,000 ~~the~~per ~~Company~~year ~~entered~~by ~~into Amendment No~~covenant. 3 which increased the borrowing limit to $72.5 million during the peak seasonal period from June through August 2023. See Note 7. Debt of Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

~~Based~~The onCompany ~~the~~was ~~Company’s~~in ~~current~~violation ~~projections,~~of ~~raw~~its ~~material~~financial ~~costs~~covenants ~~and~~under ~~its~~the ~~ability~~Restated toCredit ~~introduce~~Agreement ~~price~~as ~~increases~~of January 31, ~~management~~2022, ~~believes~~due itto ~~will~~an ~~maintain~~increase ~~compliance~~in ~~with~~the ~~its~~Company’s ~~financial~~net ~~covenants~~loss ~~under~~primarily attributable to the ~~Credit~~effects ~~Agreement,~~of ~~although~~supply ~~risks~~chain disruptions and ~~uncertainties~~labor ~~remain~~shortages. On April 15, ~~such~~2022, asthe ~~economic~~Company ~~conditions,~~entered ~~changing~~into ~~raw~~Amendment ~~material~~No. ~~costs~~2 to the Revolving Credit and ~~supply~~Security ~~chain~~Agreement ~~challenges. The~~with ~~Company~~PNC ~~was~~Bank, inwhich ~~compliance~~implemented certain changes to the Company’s credit facility with ~~its~~PNC ~~debt~~Bank, ~~covenants~~including asthe extension of the final maturity date of the facility to April 3015, ~~2023~~2027. On May 19, 2023, the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 which increased

1821

the borrowing limit to $72.5 million during the peak seasonal period from June through August 2023. See Note 7. Debt of Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Based on the Company’s current projections, raw material costs and its ability to introduce price increases, management believes it will maintain compliance with its financial covenants under the Credit Agreement, although risks and uncertainties remain, such as changes in economic conditions, changing raw material costs and supply chain challenges. The Company was in compliance with its debt covenants as of July 31, 2023.

The Company believes that cash flows from operations, together with the Company's unused borrowing capacity with PNC Bank will be sufficient to fund the Company's debt service requirements, capital expenditures and working capital needs for the next twelve months.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company's critical accounting policies are outlined in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023.

Forward-Looking Statements

From time to time, including in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended ~~April~~July 3031, 2023, the Company or its representatives have made and may make forward-looking statements, orally or in writing. Such forward-looking statements may be included in, without limitation, reports to stockholders, press releases, oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer of the Company and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The words or phrases “anticipates,” “expects,” “will continue,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The results contemplated by the Company's forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to vary materially from anticipated results, including without limitation, availability of funding for educational institutions, availability and cost of materials, availability and cost of labor, demand for the Company's products, competitive conditions affecting selling prices and margins, capital costs and general economic conditions. Such risks and uncertainties are discussed in more detail in the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023, including under the caption "Risk Factors".

The Company's forward-looking statements represent its judgment only on the dates such statements were made. By making any forward-looking statements, the Company assumes no duty to update them to reflect new, changed or unanticipated events or circumstances.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company is a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, and is therefore not required to provide the information under this item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including its Principal Executive Officer along with its Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) as of ~~April~~July 3031, 2023. Based upon the foregoing, the Company's Principal Executive Officer along with the Company's Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of such date were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in the Company’s Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Company management, including its Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, Company management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

There have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

2023

PART II — Other Information

Virco Mfg. Corporation

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is a party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business which, in the opinion of the Company, are not material in that management either expects that the Company will be successful on the merits of the pending cases or that any liabilities resulting from such cases will be substantially covered by insurance. While it is impossible to estimate with certainty the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these actions, management believes that the aggregate amount of such liabilities will not be material to the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider and evaluate the information in this Quarterly Report and the risk factors set forth under the caption “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2023 (the “Form 10-K”), which was filed with the SEC on April 28, 2023. The risk factors associated with our business have not materially changed compared to the risk factors disclosed in the Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

~~None~~During the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a "Rule 10-b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits

ExhibitNumber			Document
10.1			Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement, effective as of May 5, 2023, by and among Virco Mfg. Corporation and Virco, Inc., as borrowers, and PNC Bank, National Association, as lender and administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 22, 2023).
10.2			2019 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, amended and restated as of May 19, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 24, 2023).
31.1			Certification of Robert A. Virtue, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2			Certification of Robert E. Dose, Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as adopted pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1			Certifications of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Exhibit 101.INS — XBRL Instance Document.

Exhibit 101.SCH — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

Exhibit 101.CAL — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

Exhibit 101.LAB — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

Exhibit 101.PRE — XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	VIRCO MFG. CORPORATION
Date: June 12, 2023	By:	/s/ Robert E. Dose
Date: September 11, 2023	By:	/s/ Robert E. Dose
		Robert E. Dose
		Vice President — Finance
		(Principal Financial Officer)

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Filing Compare · VIRCO MFG CORPORATION