UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

☑			ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024
			or
☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the transition period from _______ to ________

FORM 10-K


☑			ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025
			or
☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the transition period from _______ to ________

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 001-33988

Graphic Packaging Holding Company

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware						26-0405422
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. ~~employer~~Employer ~~identification~~Identification noNo.)
1500 Riveredge Parkway
Atlanta, Georgia 30328
(Address of principal executive offices, including Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code

(770) 240-7200

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

Title of Each Class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

GPK

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “"large accelerated filer,”" “"accelerated filer,”" “"smaller reporting company”" and “"emerging growth company”" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☑

Accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’'s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☑

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’'s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

The aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates at June 30, ~~2024~~2025 was approximately $76.8 2 billion.

As of February 1127, ~~2025~~2026 there were approximately ~~300~~295,~~214~~740,~~465~~911 shares of the registrant’'s Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

1Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the 2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

INFORMATION CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		3
	PART I
ITEM 1.	BUSINESS	4
ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS	11
ITEM 1B.	UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS	14
ITEM 1C.	CYBERSECURITY	14
ITEM 2.	PROPERTIES	16
ITEM 3.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	17
ITEM 4.	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES	17
	EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT	18
	PART II
ITEM 5.	MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES	19
ITEM 6.	[RESERVED]	21
ITEM 7.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	21
ITEM 7A.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK	33
ITEM 8.	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA	34
ITEM 9.	CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE	78
ITEM 9A.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	78
ITEM 9B.	OTHER INFORMATION	78
ITEM 9C.	DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS	78
	PART III
ITEM 10.	DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE	79
ITEM 11.	EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION	79
ITEM 12.	SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS	79
ITEM 13.	CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE	79
ITEM 14.	PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES	79
	PART IV
ITEM 15.	EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES	80
ITEM 16.	FORM 10-K SUMMARY	83
SIGNATURES		84

TABLE OF CONTENTS OF FORM 10-K



	PART I
I tem 1.	Business	4
I tem 1A.	R isk F actors	10
I tem 1B.	U nresolved S taff C omments	14
I tem 1 C .	C yber security	14
Item 2.	Properties	15
I tem 3.	L egal P roceedings	16
I tem 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	16
	Executive Officers of the Registrant	17

	PART II
I tem 5.	M arket for R egistrant's C ommon E quity , R elated S tockholder M atters and I ssuer P urchase of E quity S ecurities	18
Item 6.	[Reserved]	19
I tem 7 .	M anageme nt's D iscussion and A naly sis of F inancial C ondition and R esu lts of O perations	19
I tem 7 A.	Q uantitative and Qualitative Disclos ure s About Market Risk	31
I tem 8 .	F inancial Statement s and Suppl e mentary Data	33
I tem 9 .	C hanges in and Disagreements with Account ants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	80
I tem 9 A.	C ontrols and Procedures	80
I tem 9 B.	O ther Information	81
Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevent Inspections	81

	PART III
Item 10.	D irectors, Executive Officers and Corp orate Governance	82
I tem 1 1 .	E xecutive C ompensation	82
I tem 1 2 .	S ecurity Own ership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	82
I tem 1 3 .	C ertain R elationships and Related T ransactions, and Director Independence	82
I tem 1 4 .	P rincipal Account ing Fees and Services	82

	PART IV
I tem 1 5 .	E xhibits and Financial Statement Sched ules	83
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	85

~~INFORMATION~~Table ~~CONCERNING~~of ~~FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS~~Contents

~~Certain~~Information ~~statements~~Concerning regarding the expectations of Graphic Packaging Holding Company (“GPHC” and, together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”), including, but not limited to, expected facility closures in early 2025, material cash requirements and primary sources of liquidity and the sufficiency thereof, in this report constitute “forwardForward-~~looking~~Looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements are based on currently available operating, financial and competitive information and are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the Company’s historical experience and its present expectations. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, inflation of and volatility in raw material and energy costs, changes in consumer buying habits and product preferences, competition with other paperboard manufacturers and converters, product substitution, the Company’s ability to implement its business strategies, the Company's ability to successfully integrate acquisitions, productivity initiatives and cost reduction plans, the Company’s debt level, currency movements and other risks of conducting business internationally, and the impact of regulatory and litigation matters, including those that could impact the Company’s ability to utilize its U.S. federal income tax attributes to offset taxable income or U.S. federal income taxes and those that impact the Company's ability to protect and use its intellectual property. Undue reliance should not be placed on such forward-looking statements, as such statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and the Company undertakes no obligation to update such statements, except as may be required by law.Statements

Certain statements regarding the expectations of Graphic Packaging Holding Company ("GPHC" and, together with its subsidiaries, the "Company"), including, but not limited to, capital expenditures in 2026 and 2027 to maintain compliance with environmental laws and regulations, the Company's Vision 2030 plan targets, future acquisitions, material cash requirements and primary sources of liquidity and the sufficiency thereof, amortization expenses, the deductibility of goodwill, pension contributions and postretirement healthcare plan expenses, the reclassification of pre-tax losses from Other Comprehensive Loss to earnings, and total charges for exit activities in this report constitute "forward-looking statements" as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements are based on currently available operating, financial and competitive information and are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the Company's historical experience and its present expectations. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, inflation of and volatility in raw material and energy costs, changes in consumer buying habits and product preferences, competition with other paperboard manufacturers and converters, product substitution, the Company's ability to implement its business strategies, including acquisitions, productivity initiatives, cost reduction plans and integration activities, the Company's debt level, currency movements and other risks of conducting business internationally, the impact of regulatory and litigation matters, including those that could impact the Company's ability to utilize its U.S. federal income tax attributes to offset taxable income or U.S. federal income taxes and the timing related to the Company’s future U.S. federal income tax payments, and those that impact the Company's ability to protect and use its intellectual property. Undue reliance should not be placed on such forward-looking statements, as such statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and the Company undertakes no obligation to update such statements, except as may be required by law.

Table of Contents

PART I

~~ITEM~~Item 1. ~~BUSINESS~~Business

Overview

Graphic Packaging Holding Company (“"GPHC”" and, together with its subsidiaries, the “"Company”") is committed to ~~providing~~creating consumer packaging that makes a world of difference. The Company is a leading ~~provider~~producer of consumer goods packaging made from renewable or recycled materials. The Company designs and manufactures sustainable packaging solutions including cartons, multipack cartons, trays, carriers, paperboard canisters, ~~and~~as well as cups and bowls made primarily from ~~unbleached~~recycled paperboard, ~~recycled~~unbleached paperboard, and bleached paperboard.

The Company serves a wide variety of consumer markets, from food and beverage, to foodservice, household products, beauty and health care. WeThe ~~produce~~Company produces packaging solutions at over 100 locations in ~~over~~ 20 countries around the world, serving customers ranging from local to multinational consumer products companies and retailers. The Company offers one of the most comprehensive ranges of packaging design, ~~manufacture,~~manufacturing and execution capabilities available. The Company currently manufactures most of the paperboard it consumes in the Americas and purchases ~~from third parties~~ the majority of the paperboard it consumes in its ~~Europe~~International Paperboard Packaging operations from third parties.

Graphic Packaging works closely with its customers to understand their needs and goals and to create new and innovative designs customized to their specific needs. The Company’'s approach serves to build and strengthen long-term relationships with purchasing, brand management, marketing, and other key customer functions. The Company is organized to bring the full resources of its global and local innovation, design, and manufacturing capabilities to all of its customers with the goal of delivering packaging solutions that are more circular, more functional, and more convenient.

Acquisitions, Closures, and Dispositions

~~The~~In ~~Company~~May ~~has~~2025, ~~successfully~~the ~~completed~~Company ~~several~~closed ~~acquisitions~~its Middletown, ~~closures~~Ohio, ~~and~~recycled ~~dispositions~~paperboard inmanufacturing ~~the~~facility. ~~past~~For ~~three~~more ~~years~~information, ~~and~~see ~~expects~~Note to18. ~~pursue~~Exit ~~acquisition~~Activities ~~opportunities~~ in the ~~future~~Notes asto ~~part~~Consolidated ofFinancial ~~its overall growth strategy~~Statements.

~~2024~~In December 2025, the Company closed its East Angus, Québec, recycled paperboard manufacturing facility. For more information, see Note 18. Exit Activities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

OnIn May 1, 2024, the Company completed the sale of its Augusta, Georgia bleached paperboard manufacturing facility (the “"Augusta Divestiture”") to Clearwater Paper Corporation for a total consideration of $711 million. For more information, see “Note 19. - Divestitures” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

During 2024 and 2023, the Company decided to close multiple packaging facilities ~~by the end of 2024 and early 2025~~. ~~These are in addition to the multiple packaging facilities that the Company decided to close by the end of 2023 and early 2024.~~ Production from these facilities ~~will~~has bebeen consolidated into other existing packaging facilities. Current Assets ~~within~~on the Consolidated Balance Sheet include $8 million and $15 million ~~relating~~related to multiple paperboard manufacturing and packaging facilities that met the held for sale criteria as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For more information, see “Note 18. - Exit Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

In January 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Tama Paperboard, LLC ("Tama"), a recycled paperboard manufacturing facility located in Tama, Iowa, from Greif Packaging LLC for approximately $100 million. Tama is reported within Corporate and Other. Subsequently, in the second quarter of 2023, the Company closed this facility. For more information, see Note 4. Business Combinations in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

In ~~January~~September 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of ~~Tama~~Bell ~~Paperboard,~~Incorporated ~~LLC~~ (~~“Tama”~~"Bell"), afor ~~recycled~~$262 million, ~~paperboard~~adding ~~manufacturing~~three ~~facility~~packaging ~~located~~facilities in ~~Tama,~~Sioux ~~Iowa~~Falls, ~~from~~South ~~Greif~~Dakota ~~Packaging~~and ~~LLC~~Groveport, ~~for approximately $100 million~~Ohio. ~~Tama~~Bell ~~was~~is reported within the Americas Paperboard ~~Manufacturing~~Packaging reportable segment. ~~Subsequently, in the second quarter of 2023, the Company closed this facility.~~ For more information, see “Note 18 -4. ~~Exit~~Business ~~Activities”~~Combinations in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

During the third quarter of 2023, the Company decided to ~~close~~discontinue ~~multiple~~its ~~packaging~~project ~~facilities~~in byTexarkana ~~the~~to ~~end~~modify ofan ~~2023~~existing paperboard machine to add swing capacity between bleached and ~~early~~unbleached ~~2024.~~paperboard ~~Production~~in ~~from~~order ~~these~~to ~~facilities~~focus ~~has~~growth ~~been~~investments ~~consolidated~~in ~~into~~the ~~other~~strategic ~~existing~~expansion ~~packaging~~of ~~facilities~~recycled paperboard capacity. For more information, see “Note 18. - Exit Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

OnDuring ~~September~~the 8,third quarter of 2023, the Company ~~completed~~announced ~~the~~its ~~acquisition~~decision ofto ~~Bell~~permanently ~~Incorporated~~decommission ~~(“Bell”)~~the ~~for~~K3 ~~$262 million,~~recycled ~~adding~~paperboard ~~three~~machine ~~packaging facilities~~ in ~~Sioux Falls~~Kalamazoo, ~~South~~Michigan ~~Dakota~~as ~~and~~part ~~Groveport,~~of ~~Ohio.~~its ~~Bell~~recycled ispaperboard ~~reported~~network ~~within~~optimization ~~the~~plan ~~Americas~~that ~~Paperboard~~the ~~Packaging~~Company ~~reportable~~initiated ~~segment~~in 2019. For more information, see “Note 4 -18. ~~Business~~Exit ~~Combinations”~~Activities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

~~During~~In ~~the~~November ~~third quarter of~~ 2023, the Company ~~decided~~completed tothe ~~discontinue~~sale of its ~~project~~two inpackaging ~~Texarkana~~facilities ~~to modify an existing paperboard machine to add swing capacity between bleached and unbleached paperboard~~ in ~~order to focus growth investments in the strategic expansion of recycled paperboard capacity~~Russia. For more information, see “Note 18 -19. ~~Exit~~Divestitures ~~Activities”~~ in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

~~During~~Table ~~the third quarter~~ of 2023, the Company announced its decision to permanently decommission the K3 recycled paperboard machine in Kalamazoo, Michigan as part of its recycled paperboard network optimization plan that the Company initiated in 2019. For more information, see “Note 1 - Business Combinations, Exit Activities and Other Special Items, Net” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”Contents

During 2022, the Company began the process of divesting its interest in its two packaging facilities in Russia (the “Russian Operations”). The assets and liabilities to be disposed of in connection with this transaction met the held for sale criteria as of June 30, 2022 and each subsequent quarter end through the date of sale. On November 30, 2023, the Company completed the sale of its Russian Operations. For more information, see “Note 19 - Divestitures” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

2022

In March 2022, the Company announced its decision to close the Norwalk, Ohio packaging facility and closed the facility in September 2022. For more information, see “Note 18 - Exit Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

In May 2022, the Company closed the Battle Creek, Michigan recycled paperboard manufacturing facility. For more information, see “Note 18 - Exit Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Share Repurchases and Dividends

On ~~July~~April 2730, ~~2023~~2025, the Company's Board of Directors authorized an additional share repurchase program to allow the Company to purchase up to $~~500~~1.5 ~~million~~billion of the Company's issued and outstanding shares of common stock through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions and Rule 10b5-1 plans (the ~~“2023~~"2025 share repurchase program”"). The previous $500 million share repurchase program was authorized on July 27, 2023 (the "2023 share repurchase program"), in addition to the $500 million share repurchase program that was authorized on January 28, 2019 (the “"2019 share repurchase program”"), ~~and~~which was completed in May 2024. At December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had $~~365~~1.715 ~~million~~billion available for additional repurchases under the 2025 and 2023 share repurchase ~~program~~programs.

Share repurchases are reflected as a reduction of common stock for the par value of the shares, with any excess of share repurchase price over par value allocated between capital in excess of par value and retained earnings.

The following table presents the Company's share repurchases ~~under the 2019 and 2023 share repurchase programs~~ for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023,~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023:

Amount repurchased in millions, except share and per share amounts	Amount Repurchased		Number of Shares Repurchased	Average Price per Share
In millions, except share and per share amounts	Amount Repurchased		Number of Shares Repurchased	Average Price per Share
2025(a)	$	150	6,765,249	$	22.17
2024(a)(b)	$	200	7,243,734	$	27.61
2023	$	54	2,389,224	$	22.80
2022	$	28	1,315,839	$	20.91

(a) ~~Including~~Excluding $651 million ~~shares~~and ~~repurchased~~$2 ~~under~~million ~~the~~of ~~2019~~excise ~~share~~taxes ~~repurchase~~incurred ~~program,~~in ~~which~~2025 ~~completed~~and ~~that~~2024, ~~program~~respectively.

(b) ~~Excluding~~Includes $265 million ofshares ~~excise~~repurchased ~~taxes~~under ~~incurred~~the in2019 ~~2024~~share repurchase program, thereby completing that program.

During ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022,~~2023 GPHC paid cash dividends of $~~122~~128 million, $~~123~~122 million and $92123 million, respectively. Though the decision to distribute cash dividends rests solely with the Board of Directors, the Company presently intends to maintain a quarterly cash dividend, subject to earnings and liquidity considerations.

Products

~~Americas~~The ~~Paperboard~~Company's ~~Packaging~~reportable ~~includes~~segments ~~paperboard~~are ~~packaging~~described ~~sold~~as primarily to consumer packaged goods (“CPG”) companies serving the food, beverage, and consumer product markets and cups, lids and food containers sold primarily to foodservice companies and quick-service restaurants (“QSR”) in the Americas.follows:

~~Europe~~Americas Paperboard Packaging includes paperboard packaging sold primarily to consumer packaged goods ("CPG") companies serving the food, beverage and consumer product markets, ~~including~~and ~~healthcare~~cups, lids and ~~beauty,~~food containers sold primarily to foodservice companies and quick-service restaurants in ~~Europe.~~the Americas.

International Paperboard ~~Manufacturing~~Packaging includes ~~the six North American~~ paperboard ~~manufacturing facilities that produce recycled, unbleached and bleached paperboard, which is primarily consumed internally to produce paperboard consumer~~ packaging ~~for the Americas and Europe Paperboard Packaging segments. Paperboard not consumed internally is~~ sold ~~externally~~primarily to aCPG ~~small~~companies ~~group~~serving ~~of paperboard packaging converters. The Paperboard Manufacturing segment's Net Sales represent~~ the ~~sale~~food, offoodservice, ~~paperboard~~beverage ~~only~~and toconsumer ~~external~~product ~~customers.~~markets, ~~The~~including ~~effect~~healthcare ofand ~~intercompany~~beauty, ~~transfers~~outside ~~to the paperboard packaging segments has been eliminated from the Paperboard Manufacturing segment to reflect the economics~~ of the ~~integration of these segments~~Americas.

The Company operates primarily in three geographic areas: the Americas, Europe and Asia Pacific.

For reportable segment and geographic area information for each of the last three fiscal years, see “Note 15. - Business Segment and Geographic Area Information” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~. ~~Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

Paperboard Packaging

The Company’'s paperboard packaging products deliver brand, marketing, sustainability, and performance benefits at a competitive cost. The Company supplies paperboard cartons, carriers and containers designed to protect and hold products while providing:

•Convenience through ease of carrying, storage, delivery, dispensing of product, and food preparation for consumers;

•A smooth surface printed with high-resolution, multi-color graphic images that help improve brand awareness and visibility of products on store shelves; and

•Durability, stiffness and wet and dry tear strength; leak, abrasion and heat resistance; barrier protection from moisture, oxygen, oils and greases, as well as enhanced microwave heating performance.

Table of Contents

The Company provides a wide range of innovative, paperboard packaging solutions for the following end-use markets:

•Food, including dry foods and food ingredients, frozen, refrigerated, and microwavable prepared foods, and desserts;

•Beverage, including beer, seltzer, soft drinks, energy drinks, teas, water and juices;

•Foodservice, including cups, trays and containers for food and drinks for quick-service restaurants, and other food service providers;

•Household products, including cleaning products, tissues products, home air filters and pet care products; and

•Health and beauty products.

Paperboard Manufacturing and Packaging Operations Facilities

The Company produces paperboard at its manufacturing facilities; prints, cuts, folds, and glues (“"converts”") the paperboard into cartons, containers and other packaging at its packaging facilities; and designs and manufactures specialized, proprietary packaging machines that package bottles and cans and, to a lesser extent, non-beverage consumer products. The Company also installs its packaging machines at customer plants and provides support, service and advanced performance monitoring of the machines.

The majority of the paperboard the Company produces is consumed internally in its packaging facilities. The Company elects to produce its own paperboard where it believes that doing so allows it to generate a higher return on capital, and ~~delivers~~deliver better results for customers. The Company also purchases paperboard from external sources. The various bleached, unbleached, and recycled grades of paperboard that the Company produces internally and buys externally offer distinctly different combinations of strength, printability, appearance, and recycled- content, as well as other functional and non-functional characteristics of importance to customers.

The Company converts paperboard into cartons, containers and other packaging for consumer goods products at packaging facilities the Company operates in various locations globally, including a packaging facility associated with the Company's joint venture in Japan, and at licensees outside the U.S. The Company's packaging facilities ~~print,~~convert ~~cut, fold and glue~~ paperboard into cartons and containers designed to meet customer specifications.

Joint Venture

The Company is a party to a Japanese joint venture, Rengo Riverwood Packaging, Ltd., in which it holds a 50% ownership interest. The joint venture agreement covers unbleached paperboard supply, use of proprietary carton designs and marketing and distribution of packaging systems.

Sales and Marketing

The Company markets its products principally to multinational beverage, food, quick-service restaurants, health/beauty and other well-recognized consumer products companies. The beverage companies include Anheuser-Busch, ~~Inc.~~Inbev, MillerCoors LLC, PepsiCo, Inc. and The Coca-Cola Company, among others. Consumer product customers include The Kraft Heinz Company, General Mills, Inc., Nestlé USA, Inc., WKMars, ~~Kellogg Co~~Inc., ~~Kellanova~~Ferrero Group and Kimberly-Clark Corporation, among others. Quick-service restaurant customers include Chick-fil-A, McDonald's, Wendy's, Panda Express, Dairy Queen, Chipotle, Panera and KFC. Health/beauty customers include GlaxoSmithKline, Bayer, Johnson & Johnson, Abbott, Novartis, L’'Oréal S.A., ~~Proctor~~Procter & Gamble, and Colgate-Palmolive. The Company also sells paperboard in the open market to independent and integrated paperboard packaging producers.

Sales of the Company’'s principal products are primarily accomplished through sales offices in the U.S., Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Spain, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, and, to a lesser degree, through broker arrangements with third parties.

During ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, the Company did not have any one customer that represented 10% or more of its net sales.

Competition

Although a relatively small number of large competitors hold a significant portion of the paperboard packaging market, the Company’'s business is subject to strong competition within paperboard packaging, and from plastic and other packaging materials. Smurfit WestRock plc is the Company's largest competitor within paperboard packaging.

In non-beverage consumer packaging and foodservice, the Company competes with packaging utilizing a wide range of paperboard, plastic, foam, molded fiber, and other materials. Packaging suppliers compete on the basis of design and execution capabilities, price, functionality, appearance, quality and customer service.

Table of Contents

In beverage packaging, the Company competes with other paperboard-based containers, plastic and shrink-wrap, and corrugated packaging. The Company believes that packaging made from unbleached paperboard offers advantages over alternative materials in areas including recyclability, design flexibility, distribution, brand awareness, carton designs, package performance and package line speed.

Raw Materials

The Company's main raw materials are pine and hardwood trees and ~~recycled~~recovered ~~fibers~~fiber. Pine pulpwood, hardwood pulp, paper and ~~recycled~~recovered ~~fibers~~fiber and energy used in the manufacture of paperboard, as well as poly sheeting, plastic resins and various chemicals used in the coating of paperboard, represent the largest components of the Company’'s variable costs of paperboard production (other than labor).

For the West Monroe, LALouisiana, Macon, Georgia, and Texarkana, Texas paperboard manufacturing facilities, the Company relies on private landowners and the open market for all of its pine and hardwood pulp and ~~recycled~~recovered fiber requirements, supplemented by clippings that are obtained from its packaging operations. The Company follows a due diligence process to ensure virgin fiber inputs are sourced from sustainably managed forests and do not contribute to deforestation or habitat loss for ecosystems with high conservation value. The Company believes that adequate supplies from both private landowners and open market fiber sellers currently are available in close proximity to its paperboard manufacturing facilities to meet its raw material needs.

The paperboard grades produced at the Kalamazoo, Michigan, ~~Middletown, Ohio,~~ and ~~East Angus~~Waco, ~~Quebec~~Texas paperboard manufacturing facilities are made from ~~100%~~recovered ~~recycled~~ fiber. The Company procures its ~~recycled~~recovered fiber from external suppliers and internal packaging operations. The market price of each of the various ~~recycled~~recovered fiber ~~grades~~types fluctuates with supply and demand. The Company’'s internal ~~recycled~~recovered fiber procurement function enables the Company to pay lower average prices for its ~~recycled~~recovered fiber needs ~~given the Company’s highly fragmented supplier base~~. The Company believes there are adequate supplies of ~~recycled~~recovered fiber to serve its paperboard manufacturing facilities.

In North America, the Company also utilizes a variety of other paperboard grades in its packaging operations, in addition to paperboard that is supplied to its packaging operations from its own paperboard manufacturing facilities. The Company purchases such paperboard requirements, including additional recycled and bleached paperboard, from outside vendors. The majority of external paperboard purchases are acquired through long-term arrangements with other major industry suppliers. The Company's European packaging operations consume unbleached paperboard supplied from the Company's paperboard manufacturing facilities and also utilize paperboard purchased from external suppliers in its packaging facilities.

Energy

Energy, including natural gas, fuel, oil and electricity, represents a significant portion of the Company’'s manufacturing and distribution costs. The Company has entered into contracts designed to manage risks associated with future variability in cash flows and price risk related to future energy cost increases for a portion of its natural gas requirements at its U.S. paperboard manufacturing facilities. The Company’'s hedging program for natural gas is discussed in “Note 10. - Financial Instruments, Derivatives and Hedging Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

Seasonality

The Company’'s net sales, income from operations and cash flows from operations are subject to moderate seasonality, with demand usually increasing in the late spring through early fall due to increases in demand for beverage and food products.

Research and Development

The Company’'s research and development team works directly with its sales, marketing and consumer insights personnel to understand long-term consumer and retailer trends and create relevant new packaging. These innovative solutions provide customers with differentiated packaging to meet consumer preferences. The Company’'s development efforts include, but are not limited to, developing sustainable consumer packaging made from renewable resources;, packaging alternatives to replace plastic packaging;, extending the shelf life of customers’' products;, reducing production and waste costs;, enhancing the heat-managing characteristics of food packaging;, improving the sturdiness and compression strength of packaging to allow goods to ship in their own branded container and to meet store display needs;, and refining packaging appearance through new printing techniques and materials.

Consumer concerns regarding growing plastic packaging waste represents one of the strongest trends in the packaging industry, and the Company focuses on developing innovative, sustainable consumer packaging solutions that are recyclable and help customers achieve their packaging sustainability goals. The Company’'s strategy is to combine functionality and innovative packaging design with a focus on packaging end of life to create circular packaging solutions for customers and consumers.

For more information on research and development expenses see “Note 1. - Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

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Patents and Trademarks

As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had a large patent portfolio, presently owning, controlling or holding rights to more than 3,100 U.S. and foreign patents, with more than ~~850~~900 U.S. and foreign patent applications currently pending. The Company’'s patent portfolio consists primarily of patents relating to packaging machinery, manufacturing methods, structural carton designs, active microwave packaging technology and barrier protection packaging. These patents and processes are significant to the Company’'s operations and are supported by trademarks such as Boardio™, Fridge Vendor™, IntegraPak™, KeelClip™, MicroFlex-Q™, MicroRite™, Quilt Wave™, Qwik Crisp™, Tite-Pak™, and Z-Flute™. The Company takes significant steps to protect its intellectual property and proprietary rights.

Human Capital

WeThe ~~believe~~Company believes that ~~Graphic~~its ~~Packaging’s~~ greatest asset is its workforce. Solving day-to-day operational and business challenges in order to drive positive results for stakeholders requires attracting, developing, and retaining talented individuals with different skills, ideas, and experiences. The Company's Vision 2030 outlines how to lead in innovation, build a world-class culture, protect the planet, and deliver results for all of the Company's stakeholders.

Culture is one of the pillars of the Company's Vision 2030 and the safety and wellbeing of employees is a top priority. Employee engagement is key to a safe and stable workforce. The Company is putting programs and initiatives in place to drive engagement to the 75% percentile (using the Gallup Q12® framework). In ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2024~~2025, the Company conducted an employee engagement survey and executed a robust communication plan to ensure each employee ~~hears~~heard results and a commitment for action from their ~~leader~~leaders. Action plans have been developed at the local level in locations around the globe as the Company strives to further engage its employees. The Company also considers its talent acquisition, development, and succession strategies to be critical components of its multi-year plan to focus on people and culture.

The Company is enhancing the capabilities of its workforce as its business and strategy evolve. The Company has invested in innovation, research and development, and digital capabilities to position it to capture organic sales growth supported by consumer preferences for low impact, recyclable packaging. As its business continues to evolve, the Company will continue to invest in capability development areas that serve as a competitive advantage and will adapt its workforce and invest in its employees to ensure that it has the necessary human capital capabilities in place to support its growth strategy.

8As of December 31, 2025, the Company had more than 23,000 employees based in more than 100 locations in over 25 different countries around the world. Approximately 66% of its employees are in the Americas and 34% are in Europe and the rest of the world. Approximately 59% of the Company's employees were represented by labor unions and covered by collective bargaining agreements or covered by works councils in Europe. As of December 31, 2025, 1,056 of the Company's employees were working under expired contracts, which are currently being negotiated, and 1,901 were covered under collective bargaining agreements that expire within one year. The Company considers its employee relations to be satisfactory.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had more than 23,000 employees based in more than 100 locations in over 25 different countries around the world. Approximately 68% of our employees are in the Americas and 32% are in Europe and the rest of the world. Approximately 59% of our employees were represented by labor unions and covered by collective bargaining agreements or covered by works councils in Europe. As of December 31, 2024, 850 of the Company’s employees were working under expired contracts, which are currently being negotiated, and 1,866 were covered under collective bargaining agreements that expire within one year. The Company considers its employee relations to be satisfactory.

Employee Health and Safety

Maintaining a safe work environment is vital to the Company, and wethe ~~are~~Company is committed to the health, safety and wellness of ~~our~~its employees. ~~Our~~The Company's Total Recordable Incident Rate, which is the annual rate of workplace injuries per 100 full-time employees, is 0.8886, reflecting significantly better performance than the industry average. WeThe ~~strive~~Company strives to achieve an injury-free workplace through various safety initiatives and programs, and ~~our~~the Company's Vision 2030 goal is zero life injuries.

Company Culture

Graphic Packaging works to enable a safe, engaged, and customer-focused culture, and has a solid record of delivering outstanding results for its customers across the globe. As a leading innovator in consumer packaging, a deep understanding of the widest range of consumers is essential to the success of the Company's designs and product execution. As such, the Company seeks to recruit and retain talented employees whose perspectives and experience are broadly representative of the consumers its customers serve.

Similarly, strong relationships with the communities in which the Company operates have a substantial impact on hiring costs, retention rates, employee engagement, operating performance and safety. The Company therefore seeks to build and maintain strong and capable teams broadly representative of those communities. The Company believes that its recent safety performance is among the best in the industry, and considers employee engagement to be critical to maintaining and improving upon that level of safety performance. The Company has a number of initiatives underway to drive employee engagement higher.

The Compensation and Management Development Committee of ~~our~~the Company's Board of Directors annually reviews the processes and practices related to talent and engagement to ensure the equitable treatment of all employees, and alignment with the Company's strategic objectives.

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Community Engagement

Building connections between ~~our~~the Company's employees, their families, and ~~our~~their communities creates a more meaningful, fulfilling and enjoyable workplace. ~~Our~~The Company's employees around the world dedicate their time and talents to improve the communities in which wethey live and work. Driven by ~~our~~the Company's core values, making a difference for ~~our~~its customers, ~~our~~its consumers, and ~~our~~its community is at the root of ~~our~~its community engagement strategy. The Company focuses on three pillars that guide the strategy for ~~our~~its community service activities and philanthropic commitments: (1i) putting food on the table, (2ii) preserving the environment, and (3iii) investing in education.

Environmental and Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to a broad range of foreign, federal, state and local environmental, health and safety, and other governmental regulations and employs a team of professionals in order to maintain compliance at each of its facilities. In ~~2024~~2025, the Company spent $6561 million of capital on projects to maintain compliance with environmental laws, regulations and the Company’'s permits granted thereunder. In ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2026~~2027, the Company estimates it will spend $5365 million and $91147 million respectively, primarily for ~~such~~ projects such as ~~a new wastewater treatment system and~~ upgrades to ~~waste~~and ~~water~~new wastewater treatment systems at certain of ~~our~~its paperboard manufacturing facilities. For additional information on such regulation and compliance, see “Environmental Matters” in “Item 7., Management’'s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Note 14. - Environmental and Legal Matters” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

9Climate change presents both challenges and opportunities for the Company and its communities. Climate change challenges for the Company are likely to be driven by changes in the physical climate where its facilities are located, as well as changes in laws and regulations, including restrictions on greenhouse gas ("GHG") emissions, cap and trade systems, and taxes on GHG emissions, fuel and energy. Climate change also presents opportunities for the Company as it drives growth in demand for lower-carbon footprint products and manufacturing technologies. The Company believes it is well-positioned to take advantage of opportunities that may arise from increased consumer demand for and/or legislation mandating or incentivizing the use of products and technologies necessary to achieve a lower-carbon, lower-waste economy. The costs of complying with complex environmental laws and regulations, as well as voluntary certification and disclosure programs, are significant and will continue to be significant for the foreseeable future. These laws and regulations and stakeholder driven voluntary certification and disclosure programs could become more stringent over time, which could result in significant additional compliance costs. Additionally, significant national or state differences in the imposition and enforcement of such laws and regulations could present competitive challenges in a global marketplace. By tracking and taking action to reduce the Company's GHG emissions and energy use through efficiency programs and focused GHG management efforts, it can decrease the potential future impact of these regulatory matters.

~~Climate~~The ~~change~~Company's ~~presents~~Core ~~both~~Values ~~challenges~~underpin ~~and opportunities for the Company and~~ its ~~communities.~~commitment ~~Climate change challenges for the Company are likely~~ to bestakeholders ~~driven by changes in the physical climate where our facilities are located, as well as changes in laws~~ and ~~regulations,~~strategy ~~including~~to ~~restrictions~~deliver ~~on greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions~~sustainable, ~~cap~~recyclable ~~and~~packaging ~~trade systems, and taxes on GHG emissions, fuel, and energy~~solutions. ~~Climate~~The ~~change also presents opportunities for the~~ Company's asVision it2030 ~~drives~~plan ~~growth~~outlines inits ~~demand~~targets for ~~lower-carbon~~protecting ~~footprint~~the ~~products~~environment and ~~manufacturing~~include: ~~technologies.~~achieving Weits ~~believe~~approved ~~the~~2032 ~~Company~~Science isBased ~~well-positioned~~Targets ~~to take advantage of opportunities that may arise from increased consumer demand~~ for ~~and/or~~Scope ~~legislation mandating or incentivizing the use of products and technologies necessary to achieve a lower-carbon~~1, ~~lower-waste economy. Our costs of complying with complex environmental laws and regulations~~2, ~~as well as voluntary certification~~ and ~~disclosure~~3 ~~programs,~~GHG ~~are~~emissions ~~significant~~reductions; ~~and~~achieving ~~will~~90% ~~continue~~renewable tofuel beuse ~~significant for the foreseeable future. These laws and regulations and stakeholder driven voluntary certification and disclosure programs could become more stringent over time, which could result~~ in ~~significant~~wood ~~additional~~fiber ~~compliance~~paperboard ~~costs.~~manufacturing ~~Additionally,~~facilities; ~~significant~~raising ~~national~~its orpurchased ~~state~~renewable ~~differences~~electricity inpercentage ~~the imposition and enforcement of such laws and regulations could present competitive challenges in a global marketplace. By tracking and taking action~~ to ~~reduce~~50%; ~~our GHG emissions~~ and ~~energy~~ensuring ~~use~~that ~~through~~100% ~~efficiency~~of ~~programs~~its ~~and~~purchased ~~focused~~forest ~~GHG~~products ~~management~~come ~~efforts,~~from wesustainably ~~can~~managed ~~decrease the potential future impact of these regulatory matters~~sources.

The Company’s Core Values underpin our commitment to our stakeholders and our strategy to deliver sustainable, recyclable packaging solutions. Our Vision 2030 plan outlines our targets for protecting the environment and include: achieving our approved 2032 Science Based Targets for Scope 1, 2, and 3 GHG emissions reductions; achieving 90% renewable fuel use in wood fiber paperboard manufacturing facilities; raising our purchased renewable electricity percentage to 50%; and ensuring that 100% of our purchased forest products come from sustainably managed sources.

Available Information

The Company’'s website is located at http://www.graphicpkg.com. The Company makes available, free of charge through its website, its Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statements and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as soon as reasonably practicable after such materials are electronically filed or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “"SEC”"). The Company also makes certain investor presentations and access to analyst conference calls, as well as certain environmental, social, and governance information is available through its website. The information contained or incorporated into the Company’'s website is not a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The SEC maintains ~~an Internet~~ website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers like the Company that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.SEC.gov.

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~~ITEM~~Table ~~1A.~~of ~~RISK FACTORS~~Contents

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our operations and financial results could be affected by various risks, many of which are beyond our control. The following risks could affect (and in some cases have affected) the Company's actual results and could cause such results to differ materially from current estimates or expectations:

Industry Risks

The Company's financial results could be adversely impacted if there are significant increases in prices for raw materials, energy, transportation and other necessary supplies and services, and the Company is unable to raise prices or improve productivity to reduce costs.

Increases in the costs of raw materials, including secondary fiber, petroleum-based materials, energy, wood, transportation, electricity and other necessary goods and services, could have an adverse effect on the Company's financial results. Paperboard manufacturing processes require significant energy and raw materials, the costs of which are subject to worldwide supply and demand factors, supply chain disruptions that can affect availability and result in increased prices, as well as trade regulations and tariffs, GHG emissions-based regulations, and other factors beyond our control. Variations in the cost of energy, which primarily reflect market prices for oil and natural gas, and for raw materials may significantly affect our operating results from period to period. Because negotiated sales contracts and the market largely determine the pricing for our products, the Company is at times limited in its ability to raise prices and pass through to its customers any inflationary or other cost increases that the Company may incur.

The Company uses productivity improvements and other initiatives to reduce costs, offset inflation and maintain adequate raw material supplies. These actions include global continuous improvement initiatives that use best~~-in-class~~ practice industry methodologies and statistical process control to help design and manage many types of activities, including planning, procurement, production and maintenance. These efforts result not only in cost reductions, but also build resilience in the overall supply chain. The Company's ability to realize anticipated savings from these improvements is subject to significant operational, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the Company's control. If the Company cannot successfully implement cost savings plans, it may not be able to continue to compete successfully against other manufacturers. In addition, any failure to generate the anticipated efficiencies and savings could adversely affect the Company's financial results.

Competition and product substitution could have an adverse effect on the Company's financial results.

The Company competes with consumer packaging companies, both domestically and internationally, including paperboard packaging producers. The Company's products compete with those made from other manufacturers' paperboard, as well as consumer packaging made primarily from plastic, shrink film, paper, corrugated containers, bio-based materials and other packaging materials. Paperboard packaging competitors may expand their existing facilities or build new paperboard manufacturing or converting capacity, which could negatively impact our business. In addition, product substitution by customers may occur in response to price, quality and service issues, as well as environmental and social concerns.

In addition, to the extent the Company’'s operations are subject to labor, safety and climate change regulations and requirements that are not stringently imposed in the states and countries in which our competitors operate, our competitors could gain cost or other competitive advantages. While the Company has long-term relationships with many of its customers, the underlying contracts may be re-bid or renegotiated from time to time, and the Company may not be successful in renewing such contracts on favorable terms or at all. The Company works to maintain market share through efficiency, product innovations and strategic sourcing to its customers; however pricing and other competitive pressures, such as providing the lowest-carbon footprint packaging solution or delivering on GHG emissions reduction targets, may occasionally result in the loss of a customer relationship.

Changes in buying habits and preferences for products by customers and consumers could have an effect on our sales volumes.

Changing dietary habits and preferences have impacted sales growth for many of the food and beverage products the Company packages. Customer and consumer preferences are constantly changing based on, among other factors, the economy, convenience, cost and health considerations, changes in dietary recommendations, as well as environmental, social concerns and perceptions, such as pressure to reduce packaging waste by switching to reusable containers versus single-use packaging options. If these trends continue and the Company is unable to adapt to them, then the Company’'s financial results could be adversely affected.

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Operational Risks

The Company’'s information technology systems could suffer interruptions, failures, unauthorized access, or breaches and our business operations could be disrupted, adversely affecting results of operations and the Company’'s reputation.

The Company’'s information technology systems, some of which are dependent on services provided by third parties, serve an important role in the operation of the business. These systems could be damaged or cease to function properly due to any number of causes, such as catastrophic events, power outages, security breaches, computer viruses or cyber-based attacks. The Company has contingency plans in place to prevent or mitigate the impact of these events, however, if they are not effective on a timely basis, business interruptions could occur which may adversely impact results of operations.

11The Company has been, and likely will continue to be, subject to computer hacking, acts of vandalism or theft, malware, ransomware, computer viruses or other malicious codes, phishing, malicious use of artificial intelligence for sophisticated attacks, employee error or malfeasance or other cyber-attack. To date, the Company has experienced no material impact on our business or operations from these types of attacks or events. Any future significant compromise or breach of data security, whether external or internal, or misuse of customer, employee, supplier or Company data, could result in significant costs, interrupted operations, lost sales, fines, lawsuits and damage to the Company's reputation. These ever-evolving threats mean the Company and its third-party service providers and vendors must continually evaluate and adapt their respective systems and processes and overall security environment, as well as those of any business we acquire. There is no guarantee that these measures will be adequate to safeguard against all data security breaches, system compromises or misuses of data, and insurance may not fully cover the costs of cyber incidents. In addition, the regulatory environment related to information security, data collection and use, and privacy is becoming increasingly rigorous, with new requirements applicable to the Company's business. Compliance with such requirements could also result in additional costs.

The Company ~~has~~could ~~contingency~~experience ~~plans~~material indisruptions ~~place~~at toour ~~prevent~~facilities orthat ~~mitigate~~could ~~the~~adversely impact ofthe ~~these~~Company's ~~events,~~financial ~~however,~~results ifand ~~they are not effective on a timely basis, business interruptions~~ could ~~occur~~increase ~~which~~the ~~may~~cost ~~adversely~~of ~~impact~~insurance ~~results~~and level of ~~operations~~deductibles.

~~The~~Although the Company ~~has~~takes ~~been,~~appropriate measures to minimize the risk and ~~likely~~effect ~~will~~of ~~continue~~material disruptions to ~~be,~~the ~~subject~~business toconducted ~~computer~~at ~~hacking~~our facilities, ~~acts~~natural ofdisasters ~~vandalism~~such oras ~~theft~~hurricanes, ~~malware~~tornadoes, ~~ransomware~~heat waves, ~~computer~~freezing ~~viruses~~events, orfloods, droughts, fire and other ~~malicious~~extreme ~~codes,~~weather ~~phishing~~events, ~~employee~~(all ~~error~~of orwhich ~~malfeasance~~may orbe ~~other~~exacerbated ~~cyber-attack.~~by Toclimate ~~date~~change), ~~the~~and ~~Company~~our ~~has~~employees' ~~experienced~~inability noto ~~material~~get ~~impact~~to on our ~~business~~facilities oras ~~operations~~a ~~from~~result ~~these types~~ of ~~attacks~~such or events., ~~Any~~as ~~future~~well ~~significant~~as ~~compromise~~other orunexpected ~~breach~~disruptions ofsuch ~~data~~as ~~security,~~disruptions ~~whether~~related ~~external~~to orour ~~internal,~~ability orto ~~misuse~~obtain ofand ~~customer,~~renew ~~employee,~~appropriate ~~supplier~~environmental orcontracts ~~Company~~and ~~data~~permits, ~~could~~the ~~result~~unavailability inof ~~significant~~critical ~~costs~~raw materials, ~~interrupted~~power ~~operations~~outages, ~~lost~~and ~~sales,~~equipment ~~fines,~~breakdowns ~~lawsuits,~~or ~~and~~failures ~~damage~~can toreduce ~~the~~production ~~Company's~~and ~~reputation~~increase manufacturing costs. These ~~ever-evolving~~types ~~threats~~of ~~mean~~disruptions, ~~the~~whether ~~Company~~caused ~~and~~by ~~its~~climate ~~third-party~~change ~~service~~or ~~providers~~other ~~and~~events, ~~vendors~~could ~~must~~materially ~~continually~~adversely ~~evaluate~~affect ~~and~~our ~~adapt~~earnings, ~~their~~depending ~~respective~~upon ~~systems~~the ~~and~~duration ~~processes~~ and ~~overall~~magnitude ~~security~~of ~~environment,~~the asdisruption ~~well~~and asour ~~those~~ability ofto ~~any~~shift business weto ~~acquire.~~other ~~There~~facilities isor nofind ~~guarantee~~other ~~that~~sources ~~these~~of ~~measures~~materials ~~will~~or beenergy. ~~adequate~~In toaddition, ~~safeguard~~given ~~against~~the ~~all~~Company's ~~data~~integrated ~~security~~supply ~~breaches~~chain, ~~system~~managing ~~compromises~~board orsupply ~~misuses~~and ofproperly ~~data~~planning for paperboard manufacturing outages and ~~insurance~~downtime ~~may~~must ~~not~~be ~~fully~~integrated ~~cover~~with the ~~costs~~packaging offacilities' ~~cyber incidents~~forecasts. InAny ~~addition,~~inability to do so could adversely affect the ~~regulatory~~Company's ~~environment~~financial ~~related~~results. Any losses due to ~~information~~these ~~security,~~events ~~data~~may ~~collection~~not ~~and~~be ~~use,~~covered by our existing insurance policies and ~~privacy~~may isbe ~~becoming~~subject ~~increasingly~~to ~~rigorous,~~significant ~~with~~deductibles. ~~new~~The ~~requirements~~premiums ~~applicable~~for toinsurance ~~the~~coverage ~~Company's~~have ~~business.~~recently ~~Compliance~~increased ~~with~~and ~~such~~may ~~requirements~~continue ~~could~~to ~~also~~increase, ~~result~~along inwith ~~additional~~the ~~costs~~level of deductibles.

The Company could experience material disruptions at our facilities, that could adversely impact the Company's financial results and could increase the cost of insurance and level of deductibles.

Although the Company takes appropriate measures to minimize the risk and effect of material disruptions to the business conducted at our facilities, natural disasters such as hurricanes, tornadoes, heat waves, freezing events, floods, droughts, fire and other extreme weather events, (all of which may be exacerbated by climate change), and our employees' inability to get to our facilities as a result of such events, as well as other unexpected disruptions such as the unavailability of critical raw materials, power outages, and equipment breakdowns or failures can reduce production and increase manufacturing costs. These types of disruptions, whether caused by climate change or other events, could materially adversely affect our earnings, depending upon the duration of the disruption and our ability to shift business to other facilities or find other sources of materials or energy. In addition, given the Company's integrated supply chain, managing board supply and properly planning for paperboard manufacturing outages and downtime must be integrated with the packaging facilities’ forecasts. Any inability to do so could adversely affect the Company's financial results. Any losses due to these events may not be covered by our existing insurance policies and may be subject to significant deductibles. The premiums for insurance coverage have recently increased and may continue to increase, along with the level of deductibles.

Preparedness plans have been developed for vulnerable facilities and detail the actions needed in the event of unforeseen events or severe weather. We also obtain insurance coverage to mitigate losses from physical damages and business interruptions. These measures have historically been in place and such activities and associated costs are driven by normal operational preparedness. However, there can be no assurance that such measures will be effective for a particular event that we may experience.

In addition to the possible disruptions to our facilities' production as discussed above, because approximately 59% of the Company's employees are represented by unions, the Company could experience disruptions such as work slowdowns or strikes from time to time. If the Company is unable to prevent prolonged interruptions of the Company's operations at any of its' facilities due to slowdowns, strikes or other work interruptions, the Company may experience a negative impact to its' financial results and customer relationships.

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The Company may face a shortage of skilled workers and key management personnel.

The Company's ability to maintain or expand its business depends on our ability to attract, develop and retain a skilled workforce at all levels within our organization, including production employees, professionals, leaders and key managers. Changing demographics and workforce trends may result in a loss of knowledge and skills as experienced workers retire or resign. The Company may incur higher costs to hire and retain new and existing workers due to changes to the Company's needs relative to the size of skilled labor pools and increased demand for skilled workers by other manufacturing industries. The failure to attract and retain sufficient skilled workers may result in operational inefficiencies or require additional capital investments and increased costs to reduce reliance on labor, which may adversely impact the Company's results.

The Company’'s operations and financial results could be adversely impacted by events outside the Company’'s control, such as pandemics or other global health emergencies, or geopolitical conflicts and other social and political unrest or change.

As a result of events, such as pandemics or other global health emergencies and widespread military and geopolitical conflicts and other social and political unrest ~~in Eastern Europe~~, ~~Africa and the Middle East,~~ there could be unpredictable disruptions to the Company’'s operations that could limit production, reduce future revenues and negatively impact the Company’'s financial condition. These events may result in supply chain and transportation disruptions to and from our facilities and could impact the Company’'s ability to operate its facilities and distribute products to its customers in a timely or cost-effective fashion. In addition, these events may result in extreme volatility and disruptions in the capital and credit markets as well as widespread furloughs and layoffs for workers in the broader economy. This volatility and loss of employment as well as general economic downturns may negatively impact consumer buying habits, which could adversely affect the Company’'s financial results.

The Company is subject to the risks of doing business in foreign countries.

The Company has ~~packaging~~manufacturing facilities ~~and one paperboard manufacturing facility~~ in over 20 countries outside of the U.S. and sells its products worldwide. For ~~2024~~2025, before intercompany eliminations, net sales from operations outside of the U.S. represented approximately 3031% of the Company’'s net sales. The Company’'s revenues from foreign sales fluctuate with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. In addition, at December 31, ~~2024~~2025, approximately 2627% of the Company's total assets were denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Company pursues a currency hedging program in order to reduce a portion of the impact of foreign currency exchange fluctuations on financial results.

The Company is also subject to the following significant risks associated with operating in foreign countries:

•Export compliance;

•Compliance with and enforcement of environmental, health and safety, labor laws and data privacy and other regulations of the foreign countries in which the Company operates;

•Difficulties moving funds from certain countries back to the U.S.;

•Imposition of tariffs on packaging materials moved across borders;

•Imposition or increase of withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by foreign subsidiaries; and

•Imposition of new or increases in capital investment requirements and other financing requirements by foreign governments.

The Company's capital spending may not achieve the desired benefits, which could adversely impact future financial results.

The Company invests significant amounts of cash each year in capital projects, which have expected returns to the Company. The Company's ability to execute on these projects in order to achieve planned outcomes, including completing the projects on time and within budget and obtaining expected returns and strategic long-term goals within a reasonable period of time, is an important factor in the Company's financial results and commitments. As these investments start up, the Company may experience unanticipated business disruptions and not achieve the desired benefits or timelines. In addition, the Company's acquisitions may require more capital than expected to achieve synergies or expected operating results. Additional spending and unachieved benefits may adversely affect the Company's cash flow and results of operations. Also, the Company may not achieve or make satisfactory progress on its Vision 2030 goals, thereby harming its reputation with customers, investors and other stakeholders.

~~The~~Additionally, the Company ~~could~~may befail ~~adversely~~to ~~impacted~~identify, ifprioritize or effectively execute digital and/or artificial intelligence ("AI") transformation initiatives across its operations or may fail to capitalize on opportunities arising from increasing demand for smart products. Inadequate implementation of digital and data programs, or failure to identify or prioritize emerging digital and/or AI initiatives, could place the Company isat ~~unable~~a competitive disadvantage with respect to ~~successfully~~speed ~~integrate~~to ~~acquired~~market, ~~businesses~~smart product offerings, manufacturing capacity and service levels. Any such deficiencies could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or future prospects.

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The Company could be adversely impacted if the Company is unable to successfully integrate acquired businesses, or unable to make changes to optimize our business portfolio.

The Company has made a significant number of acquisitions throughout its history and expects to make additional acquisitions in the future. The Company's ability to successfully integrate the acquired businesses, including obtaining anticipated cost savings or synergies and expected operating results within a reasonable period of time, is an important factor in the Company's future performance. If the Company is unable to realize desired benefits from its acquisitions, the Company may be required to spend additional time or money on integration efforts that would otherwise have been spent on the development and expansion of its core business.

The Company may decide to close or sell certain facilities or businesses to optimize its portfolio of operations. Such actions could result in disruptions to operations, customer service issues, reduced revenue or unanticipated costs. Any delay, difficulty, or failure in executing such changes could adversely affect the Company’s financial condition and business performance.

The Company may not be able to develop and introduce new products and adequately protect its intellectual property and proprietary rights, which could harm its future success and competitive position.

The Company works to increase market share and profitability through product innovation and the introduction of new products. The inability to develop, in a timely manner, new or better products that satisfy customer and consumer preferences for packaging that is more functional and more convenient inand acomply ~~timely~~with ~~manner~~evolving regulations may impact the Company's competitive position. The Company's future success and competitive position also depends, in part, upon its ability to obtain and maintain protection for certain proprietary carton and packaging machine technologies used in its value-added products, particularly those incorporating the Fridge Vendor, IntegraPak, KeelClip, MicroFlex-Q, MicroRite, Opti-Cycle, PaperSeal Slice and PaperSeal Wedge, PaperSeal Shapes, Boardio, Produce Pack, Quilt Wave, Qwik Crisp, Tite-Pak, and Z-Flute technologies. Failure to protect the Company's existing intellectual property rights may result in the loss of valuable technologies or may require the Company to license other companies' intellectual property rights. It is possible that any of the patents owned by the Company may be invalidated, rendered unenforceable, circumvented, challenged or licensed to others or any of its pending or future patent applications may not be issued within the scope of the claims sought by the Company, if at all. Further, others may develop technologies that are similar or superior to the Company's technologies, duplicate its technologies or design around its patents, and steps taken by the Company to protect its technologies may not prevent misappropriation of such technologies.

Legal and Regulatory Risks

The Company is subject to a broad range of foreign, federal, state, and local laws and regulations, including environmental, health and safety, sustainability, data privacy, labor and employment, corruption, tax, supply chain, human rights and healthcare,. ~~and~~Costs ~~costs~~ to comply with such laws and regulations, or any liability or obligation imposed under new laws or regulations, could negatively impact its financial condition and results of operations.

The Company must comply with a wide variety of ~~environmental, health and safety~~ laws and regulations, including but not limited to those governing environmental matters. GHG emissions, and ~~other~~their product lifecycle; impacts of discharges to air, soil and water; ~~and~~ the management, treatment and disposal of hazardous substances,; the investigation and remediation of contamination resulting from releases of hazardous substances,; waste disposal,; recycling of packaging,; extended producer responsibilities,; labor and human rights, and the health and safety of employees. These laws and regulations, as well as the permits governing discharges to air and water at many of our facilities, particularly those that relate to ~~GHG~~ emissions, supply chain due diligence, and reporting on sustainability-related matters, are evolving and expected to become more stringent over time, which could result in significant additional compliance costs ~~(such as the installation or modification of emission control equipment)~~, increased costs of purchased energy or other raw materials, increased transportation costs, restrictions on our operations, or other costs associated with air and water emissions, including fines for any non-compliance. The Company is tracking and taking actions to reduce our GHG and other air and water emissions to decrease the potential future impact of these regulatory matters. However, the Company cannot currently assess the impact that future emission standards, climate control initiatives, regulation changes and enforcement practices will have on the Company's operations and capital ~~expenditure~~spending requirements.

Additionally, over the past few years, the number of data privacy laws and regulations has increased and become more complex and stringent in the U.S. and internationally. The improper handling and disclosure of or access to personal data in violation of privacy laws and regulations across multiple countries and U.S. states could cause harm to the Company’'s reputation, cause loss of consumer confidence, subject the Company to government enforcement actions, or result in private litigation against the Company. Any of these outcomes could negatively impact the Company’'s financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, with no unifying standards for both U.S. and international data privacy laws and regulations, the Company could incur additional compliance cost in order to comply with the large number of data privacy laws and regulations, which could result in a negative impact to the Company’'s results of operations.

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Financial Risks

The Company's indebtedness may adversely affect its financial condition and its ability to react to changes in its business.

The Company had an aggregate principal amount of $5,~~209~~592 million of outstanding debt as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025.

~~Because~~As a result of the Company's debt level, a portion of its cash flows from operations is dedicated to payments on indebtedness and the Company's ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital ~~expenditures~~spending, acquisitions or general corporate purposes may be restricted in the future.

Additionally, the Company's Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as amended, the “"Current Credit Agreement”") and the indentures governing the 1.512% Senior Notes due 2026, 4.75% Senior Notes due 2027, 3.50% Senior Notes due 2028, 3.50% Senior Notes due 2029, 2.625% Senior Notes due 2029, ~~and~~ 3.75% Senior Notes due 2030 and 6.375% Senior Notes due 2032 (the “"Indentures”"), limit the Company's ability to incur additional indebtedness. Additional covenants contained in the Current Credit Agreement and the Indentures may, among other things, restrict the ability of the Company to dispose of assets, incur guarantee obligations, prepay other indebtedness, repurchase stock, pay dividends and make other restricted payments, create liens, make equity or debt investments, make acquisitions, modify terms of the Indentures, engage in mergers or consolidations, change the business conducted by the Company and its subsidiaries, and engage in certain transactions with affiliates. Such restrictions could limit the Company’'s ability to respond to changing market conditions, fund its capital spending program, provide for unexpected capital investments or take advantage of business opportunities. These restrictions could limit the Company's flexibility to respond to changing market conditions and competitive pressures. The debt obligations and restrictions may also leave the Company more vulnerable to a downturn in general economic conditions or its business, or unable to carry out capital ~~expenditures~~spending that ~~are~~is necessary or important to its growth strategy and productivity improvement programs.

As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, approximately 3628% of the Company’'s debt is subject to variable rates of interest and exposes the Company to increased debt service obligations in the event of increased market interest rates.

~~ITEM~~A ~~1B.~~write-down ~~UNRESOLVED~~of ~~STAFF~~goodwill ~~COMMENTS~~may adversely affect the Company’s operating results.

The Company had goodwill of $2,065 million as of December 31, 2025. The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually, as well as whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that the fair value of a reporting unit may no longer exceed its carrying amount. In determining fair value, management considers a number of factors in developing our forecasts of future cash flows, including but not limited to, projections of revenues and EBITDA margins, changes in working capital, capital expenditures and discount rates, and market data and analysis, including EBITDA exit multiples. Fair value determinations are sensitive to changes in the factors described above. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and judgments used to estimate the reporting unit fair value and the related analysis of potential goodwill impairment. Additionally, the assumptions used could also be adversely impacted by the other risks discussed in Item 1A. Risk Factors and thus could result in future goodwill impairment charges, which could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, and the trading price of our shares.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 1C. Cybersecurity

The Company has cybersecurity incident response policies and procedures for identifying, assessing and managing material risks arising from cybersecurity incidents, including those arising from third-party service providers. The Company's cybersecurity program is based on components of the National Institute of Standards and Technology's Cybersecurity Framework. The Company's Vice President, Information Security, who has 20 years of experience in information security, including nine years as a Chief Information Security Officer, and holds a post-graduate degree in a related field of study and is a Certified Information Systems Security Professional, is primarily responsible for managing cybersecurity risks.

The Company uses a number of other internal and external resources to manage its information technology ("IT") and cybersecurity operations across the Company, including global managed service providers that provide 24/7 support for all of the Company's key IT systems and consultants who are engaged periodically to assist with the Company's evaluation of its systems and processes for preventing and mitigating cybersecurity incidents. The Company's global managed service providers also assess cybersecurity incidents and classify them by severity level in accordance with the Company's Incident Response Plan, which determines how each cybersecurity incident is managed and communicated. The Incident Response Plan also outlines the procedures that the Company then follows for evaluation and recovery from an incident, including containment of the affected systems, in order to restore systems to normal operations. To date, the Company has not had a cybersecurity event that materially impacted its operations, financial position or the security of its proprietary data.

~~ITEM~~Table ~~1C. CYBERSECURITY~~of Contents

~~The~~Cybersecurity ~~Company~~incidents ~~has~~that ~~cybersecurity~~are ~~incident~~deemed ~~response~~Priority ~~policies~~1 ~~and~~include ~~procedures~~incidents ~~for~~affecting ~~identifying,~~key ~~assessing,~~operational and ~~managing~~financial ~~material~~systems ~~risks~~which ~~arising~~are ~~from~~reported ~~cybersecurity~~to ~~incidents,~~certain members of the Company's Executive Leadership Team including ~~those~~the ~~arising~~Chief ~~from~~Executive ~~third-party~~Officer, ~~service~~Chief ~~providers.~~Financial ~~Our~~Officer, ~~cybersecurity~~General ~~program~~Counsel isand ~~based~~Chief onInformation ~~components~~Officer ("CIO") for assessment of the ~~National~~materiality ~~Institute~~ of ~~Standards~~the incident, which is made using both quantitative and ~~Technology~~qualitative analysis to determine an incident's ~~(“NIST”)~~immediate ~~Cybersecurity~~and ~~Framework.~~reasonably ~~The~~likely ~~Company’s~~future ~~Vice~~impacts. ~~President,~~Cybersecurity ~~Information~~incidents ~~Security,~~that ~~who~~are ~~has~~deemed 19material, ~~years~~either ofindividually ~~experience~~or in ~~information security~~aggregate, ~~including~~are 8reported ~~years~~to asthe aAudit ~~Chief~~Committee ~~Information~~of ~~Security~~the ~~Officer~~Company's ~~("CISO"),~~Board ~~and~~of ~~holds~~Directors, awhich ~~post-graduate~~has ~~degree~~been indelegated athe ~~related~~responsibility ~~field~~for oversight of ~~study~~cybersecurity ~~and~~risks. isThe aCompany ~~Certified~~also ~~Information~~communicates ~~Systems~~material ~~Security~~cybersecurity ~~Professional~~incidents ~~("CISSP"),~~to isthe ~~primarily~~Company's ~~responsible~~independent ~~for~~auditors ~~managing~~ and ~~assessing~~internal ~~cybersecurity~~audit ~~risks~~team.

~~The~~Annually, ~~Company uses a number of other internal and external resources to manage its information technology (“IT”) and cybersecurity operations across~~ the Company, ~~including~~conducts ~~global~~an ~~managed~~Enterprise ~~service~~Risk ~~providers~~Assessment ~~that~~during ~~provide~~which ~~24/7~~management ~~support~~identifies ~~for all of the Company’s key IT systems~~ and ~~consultants~~quantifies ~~who~~risks ~~are engaged periodically~~ to ~~assist with~~ the Company’'s ~~evaluation~~operations, offinancial ~~its~~position ~~systems~~ and ~~processes~~strategy, ~~for~~including ~~preventing and mitigating~~ cybersecurity ~~incidents~~risks. The ~~Company’s~~conclusions ~~global~~of ~~managed~~the ~~service~~annual ~~providers~~Enterprise ~~also~~Risk ~~assess~~Assessment ~~cybersecurity~~are ~~incidents~~shared ~~and~~with ~~classify~~the ~~them~~Audit byCommittee. ~~severity~~Working ~~level~~with inthe ~~accordance~~CIO ~~with~~and the ~~Company’s~~Vice ~~Incident~~President, ~~Response~~Information ~~Plan~~Security, ~~which~~the ~~determines~~Audit ~~how~~Committee ~~each~~periodically ~~cybersecurity~~reviews ~~incident~~the isstrategy, ~~managed~~priorities, and ~~communicated.~~goals ~~The~~of ~~Incident~~the ~~Response~~cybersecurity ~~Plan~~program ~~also~~and ~~outlines~~ the ~~procedures~~CIO ~~that the Company then follows for evaluation~~ and ~~recovery~~Vice ~~from an incident~~President, ~~including~~Information ~~containment of the affected systems~~Security, inprovide ~~order~~regular toupdates ~~restore our systems~~ to ~~normal operations. To date,~~ the ~~Company~~Audit ~~has not had a cybersecurity event that materially impacted its operations, financial position or the security of its proprietary data~~Committee.

~~Cybersecurity~~Item incidents that are deemed Priority 1 (described in the Incident Response Plan as those incidents affecting key operational and financial systems), are reported to certain members of the Company’s Executive Leadership Team including the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel and Chief Information Officer (“CIO”) for assessment of the materiality of the incident, which will be made using both quantitative and qualitative analysis to determine an incident’s immediate and reasonably likely future impacts2. Cybersecurity incidents that are deemed material, either individually or in aggregate, are reported to the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, which has been delegated the responsibility for oversight of cybersecurity risks. The Company also communicates material cybersecurity incidents to the Company’s independent auditors and internal audit team.Properties

Annually the Company conducts an Enterprise Risk Assessment during which management identifies and quantifies risks to the Company’s operations, financial position and strategy, including cybersecurity risks. The conclusions of the annual Enterprise Risk Assessment are shared with the Audit Committee. Working with the CIO and the Vice President, Information Security, the Audit Committee periodically reviews the strategy, priorities, and goals of the cybersecurity program and the CIO and Vice President, Information Security, provide regular updates to the Audit Committee.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Headquarters

The Company leases its principal executive offices in Atlanta, Georgia.

Operating Facilities

A listing of the principal properties owned or leased and operated by the Company as of December 31, 2025 is set forth below. The Company’'s buildings are adequate and suitable for the business of the Company and have sufficient capacity to meet current requirements. The Company also leases certain smaller facilities, warehouses and office space throughout the U.S. and in foreign countries from time to time.

Location			Related Products or Use of Facility
Paperboard Manufacturing Facilities:
Augusta, GA(a)			Bleached paperboard
East Angus, Québec			Recycled paperboard
Kalamazoo, MI			Recycled paperboard
Macon, GA			Unbleached paperboard
Middletown, OH			Recycled paperboard
Texarkana, TX			Bleached paperboard
West Monroe, LA			Unbleached paperboard, Research and Development
Other:
Atlanta, GA(b)			Headquarters, Research and Development, Packaging Machinery and Design
Clemson, SC(b)			Research and Development
Concord, NH(b)			Research and Development, Design Center
Crosby, MN			Packaging Machinery Engineering, Design and Manufacturing
Louisville, CO(b)			Research and Development
Menomonee Falls, WI			Foodservice Rebuild Center
(a) Sold during the second quarter of 2024.
(b) Leased facility.


Location			Related Products or Use of Facility

Paperboard Manufacturing Facilities:
Kalamazoo, MI			Recycled paperboard
Macon, GA			Unbleached paperboard
Texarkana, TX			Bleached paperboard
Waco, TX			Recycled paperboard
West Monroe, LA			Unbleached paperboard, Research and Development

Other:
Atlanta, GA(a)			Headquarters, Research and Development, Packaging Machinery and Design
Clemson, SC(a)			Research and Development
Concord, NH(a)			Research and Development, Design Center
Crosby, MN			Packaging Machinery Engineering, Design and Manufacturing
Louisville, CO(a)			Research and Development
Menomonee Falls, WI			Foodservice Rebuild Center
(a) Leased facility.

1615

North American Packaging Facilities:
Carol Stream, IL	Kendallville, IN	New Albany, IN(a)(c)	St.-Hyacinthe, Québec(b)
Centralia, IL	Kenton, OH	Newton, IA	St. Paul, MN
Charlotte, NC(a)	Kingston Springs, TN	North Portland, OR	Staunton, VA
Chicago, IL	Lancaster, TX	Omaha, NE	Stone Mountain, GA(b)
Clarksville, TN	Lawrenceburg, TN	Oroville, CA(b)	Sturgis, MI
Cobourg, Ontario(b)	Lebanon, TN(b)	Pacific, MO	Tijuana, Mexico(b)
Elgin, IL	Lowell, MA(a)	Perry, GA	Tuscaloosa, AL
Elk Grove, IL(b)(c)	Lumberton, NC	Pineville, NC	Valley Forge, PA
Fort Smith, AR(c)	Marietta, GA	Pittston, PA	Vancouver, WA(b)
Gordonsville, TN(b)	Marion, OH	Prosperity, SC	Visalia, CA
Grand Rapids, MI(a)	Memphis, TN(e)	Querétaro, Mexico(b)	Wausau, WI
Gresham, OR(b)	Mississauga, Ontario(b)	Randleman, NC(a)	Wayne, NJ
Groveport, OH(b)	Mitchell, SD	Shelbyville, IL	West Monroe, LA(a)(c)
Hamel, MN	Monroe, LA(b)	Sioux Falls, SD(b)(c)	Winnipeg, Manitoba
Irvine, CA	Monterrey, Mexico(b)	Solon, OH	Winston Salem, NC
Kalamazoo, MI
International Packaging Facilities:
Aachen, Germany	Frankfurt, Germany(b)	Kanfanar, Croatia	Portlaoise, Ireland(b)
Auckland, New Zealand(b)	Gateshead, United Kingdom(b)	Krakow, Poland	Poznan, Poland
Augsburg, Germany	Graz, Austria	Leeds, United Kingdom	Requejada, Spain
Bardon, United Kingdom	Halmstad, Sweden(a)	Lund, Sweden(b)(c)	Rotherham, United Kingdom(b)
Bawen, Indonesia	Hannover, Germany	Magdeburg, Germany(b)	Sneek, Netherlands
Bekasi, Indonesia	Highbridge, United Kingdom(b)	Maliaño, Spain	St. Gallen, Switzerland(b)
Berlin, Germany	Hoogerheide, Netherlands	Masnières, France(b)	Sydney, Australia(b)
Bremen, Germany	Ibadan, Nigeria	Melbourne, Australia(b)	Tabasalu, Estonia
Bristol, United Kingdom(a)(d)	Igualada, Spain	Munich, Germany(b)	Tibro, Sweden
Cambridge, United Kingdom(b)	Ingerois, Finland(b)	Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom(b)	Winsford, United Kingdom(b)
Cholet, France(b)	Jundiai, Sao Paulo, Brazil	Perth, Australia
(a) Closed facility during 2024 and classified as held-for-sale.
(b) Leased facility.
(c) Multiple facilities in this location.
(d) Multiple facilities in this location, which includes a leased facility and an owned facility.
(e) Sold in the fourth quarter of 2024.

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~~ITEM~~North 3American Packaging Facilities: Carol Stream, IL Kendallville, IN Newton, IA St. ~~LEGAL~~Paul, ~~PROCEEDINGS~~MN Centralia, IL Kenton, OH North Portland, OR Staunton, VA Chicago, IL Kingston Springs, TN Omaha, NE Stone Mountain, GA(a) Clarksville, TN Lancaster, TX Oroville, CA Sturgis, MI Cobourg, Ontario(a) Lawrenceburg, TN Pacific, MO Tijuana, Mexico(a) Elgin, IL Lebanon, TN(a) Perry, GA Tuscaloosa, AL Elk Grove, IL(a)(b) Lumberton, NC Pineville, NC Valley Forge, PA Fort Smith, AR(b) Marietta, GA Pittston, PA Vancouver, WA(a) Gordonsville, TN Marion, OH Prosperity, SC Visalia, CA Gresham, OR(a) Mississauga, Ontario(a) Querétaro, Mexico(a) Wausau, WI Groveport, OH(a) Mitchell, SD Shelbyville, IL Wayne, NJ Hamel, MN Monroe, LA(a) Sioux Falls, SD(a)(b) West Monroe, LA Irvine, CA Monterrey, Mexico(a) Solon, OH Winnipeg, Manitoba Kalamazoo, MI New Albany, IN St.-Hyacinthe, Québec(a) Winston Salem, NC International Packaging Facilities: Aachen, Germany Graz, Austria Leeds, UK Requejada, Spain Auckland, New Zealand(a) Halmstad, Sweden(a) Lund, Sweden(a)(b) Rotherham, UK(a) Augsburg, Germany Hannover, Germany Magdeburg, Germany(a) Sneek, Netherlands Bardon, UK Highbridge, UK(a) Maliaño, Spain St. Gallen, Switzerland(a) Bawen, Indonesia Hoogerheide, Netherlands Masnières, France(a) Sydney, Australia(a) Berlin, Germany Ibadan, Nigeria Melbourne, Australia(a) Tabasalu, Estonia Bristol, UK(a) Igualada, Spain Munich, Germany(a) Tibro, Sweden Cambridge, UK(a) Ingerois, Finland(a) Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK(a) Winsford, UK(a) Cholet, France(a) Jundiai, Sao Paulo, Brazil Perth, Australia Frankfurt, Germany(a) Kanfanar, Croatia Portlaoise, Ireland(a) Gateshead, UK(a) Krakow, Poland Poznan, Poland (a) Leased facility. (b) Multiple facilities in this location.

~~The~~Item ~~Company is a party to a number of lawsuits arising in the ordinary conduct of its business~~3. Although the timing and outcome of these lawsuits cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not believe that disposition of these lawsuits will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. See “Note 14 - Environmental and Legal ~~Matters” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~Proceedings

~~ITEM~~The 4Company is a party to a number of lawsuits arising in the ordinary conduct of its business. ~~MINE~~Although ~~SAFETY~~the ~~DISCLOSURES~~timing and outcome of these lawsuits cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not believe that disposition of these lawsuits will have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. See Note 14. Environmental and Legal Matters in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

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Executive Officers of the Registrant

Pursuant to General Instruction G.(3) of Form 10-K, the following list is included as an unnumbered item in Part I of this Report in lieu of being included in the definitive proxy statement that will be filed within 120 days after December 31, 2025.

Robbert Rietbroek, 52, is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. Mr. Rietbroek brings a distinguished record of delivering strategic value creation and more than 25 years of global leadership experience across some of the world’s largest consumer products companies. Prior to joining Graphic Packaging, he served as inaugural Chief Executive Officer and Director of Primo Brands Corporation, a publicly traded, leading North American branded bottled water company. Before serving as CEO of Primo Brands, Mr. Rietbroek was Chief Executive Officer at Primo Water Corporation, a publicly traded provider of sustainable drinking water solutions. He led Primo Water’s transformative merger with BlueTriton Brands, Inc., forming the combined entity Primo Brands in November 2024. Prior to that, he served as Senior Vice President and General Manager of Quaker Foods North America, a division of PepsiCo, where he oversaw end-to-end operations and P&L, directing brand management, operational excellence and strategic growth initiatives. He also served as Senior Vice President and General Manager for PepsiCo Australia and New Zealand. His extensive global tenure also encompasses leadership positions at Kimberly-Clark, where he led Global Baby and Child Care, and Kimberly-Clark Australia & New Zealand. Mr. Rietbroek started his career at Procter & Gamble, where he worked for 15 years and served in a variety of positions driving strategic initiatives and brand development across Europe, South America and the United States. He has a master’s degree from Maastricht University in The Netherlands.

Scott Fallan, 48, oversees international operations and guides continued business growth as Senior Vice President and President, International, of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. Shortly before this, he successfully led the international beverage business as General Manager, uniting teams across regions, integrating recent acquisitions and deepening customer partnerships. Before joining Graphic Packaging, Mr. Fallan spent nearly 15 years at DS Smith, progressing through roles from Operations Director to Divisional Managing Director, Site General Manager, Head of Operations, and finally Cluster Director. His industry track record of success began at International Paper, where he led as Continuous Improvement Manager, Shift Manager, Logistics/Supply Chain Manager and later as Operations Manager/General Manager. Mr. Fallan holds an MBA from Manchester Metropolitan University Business School.

Scott LeBeau, 55, is Executive Vice President of Paperboard Manufacturing at Graphic Packaging Holding Company. Mr. LeBeau has 15 years of proven operational excellence at the Company, where he led the startup of both the K2 expansion in Kalamazoo, Michigan, and the recycled paperboard manufacturing facility in Waco, Texas. Prior to his current role, Mr. LeBeau led Paperboard Manufacturing as Senior Vice President after his tenure as Vice President of Recycled Mills. He started his career at the Company as Mill Manager at Kalamazoo and Middletown, Ohio, facilities. Mr. LeBeau’s 30-year pulp and paper experience also includes Vice President and General Manager of a Containerboard Mill for Forest Resources. Prior to that, Mr. LeBeau held positions of increasing responsibility for The Newark Group.

Charles D. Lischer, 57, is the Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. Mr. Lischer has been Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer since 2019, and during that time also held the positions of Senior Vice President, Finance – Americas from 2022 to 2023 and Senior Vice President, Finance – International in 2025. He was named Interim Chief Financial Officer in November 2025. Prior to joining the Company, he served as Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief Accounting Officer for Teradata Corporation. Prior to joining Teradata, Mr. Lischer held various positions in finance and accounting at The Coca-Cola Company, including Vice President of Finance, North America Brands, and at Coca-Cola Enterprises, including Vice President of Finance, European Group and Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer. Prior to working in the Coca-Cola system, Mr. Lischer held various roles with Deloitte, most recently serving as a National Office Partner.

Nikhil Narvekar, 53, is the Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer at Graphic Packaging Holding Company. Prior to January 1, 2026, he served as the Vice President of Infrastructure, Operations and Architecture from July 2020 to December 2025, and as the Senior Director of Global Infrastructure from February 2016 to June 2020. In addition to his global role, he also served as the IT leader for Graphic Packaging’s European business unit from November 2021 to March 2023. Before joining Graphic Packaging, Mr. Narvekar held senior leadership roles of increasing responsibility from 2009 to 2016 at AGCO Corporation. Prior to AGCO, Mr. Narvekar was with AT&T (BellSouth) from 2002 to 2008 and with Global Crossing from 1997 to 2002. He also worked for Syntel Software Pvt. Ltd. from 1994 to 1996. Mr. Narvekar serves on the Board of Directors for Inspiredu, a nonprofit dedicated to expanding access to technology and digital literacy in underserved communities.

Elizabeth Spence, 46, joined Graphic Packaging Holding Company in April 2022, as Executive Vice President, Human Resources. Prior to this she was Chief Human Resources Officer at Gypsum Management and Supply, following her role as Vice President of Human Resources at Assurant. Ms. Spence is a seasoned human resources executive, having also spent time at The Coca-Cola Company and AT&T. Ms. Spence earned a Bachelor of Science and Master of Education from Vanderbilt University as well as an MBA from Georgia State University’s Robinson College of Business.

Joseph P. Yost, 58, is the Executive Vice President and President, Americas, of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. Prior to May 2025, Mr. Yost served as Executive Vice President and President, International since January 2022, following his role as Executive Vice President and President, Americas from January 2017 to January 2022. Prior to 2017, Mr. Yost served as Senior Vice President, Global Beverage and Europe, and in numerous other management positions with the Company and its subsidiaries and predecessors from 1997 through August 2015.

~~EXECUTIVE~~Table ~~OFFICERS~~of ~~OF THE REGISTRANT~~Contents

Michael P. Doss, 58, is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. He was elected to the Board of Directors on May 20, 2015. Prior to January 1, 2016, Mr. Doss held the position of President and Chief Operating Officer from May 20, 2015 through December 31, 2015 and Chief Operating Officer from January 1, 2014 until May 19, 2015. Prior to these positions he served as the Executive Vice President, Commercial Operations of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. Prior to this Mr. Doss held the position of Senior Vice President, Consumer Packaging Division. Prior to March 2008, he had served as Senior Vice President, Consumer Products Packaging of Graphic Packaging Corporation since September 2006. From July 2000 until September 2006, he was the Vice President of Operations, Universal Packaging Division. Mr. Doss was Director of Web Systems for the Universal Packaging Division prior to his promotion to Vice President of Operations. Since joining Graphic Packaging International Corporation in 1990, Mr. Doss has held positions of increasing management responsibility, including Plant Manager at the Gordonsville, TN and Wausau, WI plants.

Mr. Doss serves on the Board of Directors for the American Forest & Paper Association, the Sustainable Forest Initiative, the Paper Recycling Coalition, the Atlanta Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America, Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, the Woodruff Art Center, American Bird Conservancy and Regal Rexnord Corporation (RRX).

Stephen R. Scherger, 60, is the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. From October 1, 2014 through December 31, 2014, Mr. Scherger was the Senior Vice President – Finance. From April 2012 through September 2014, Mr. Scherger served as Senior Vice President, Consumer Packaging Division. Mr. Scherger joined Graphic Packaging Holding Company in April of 2012 from MeadWestvaco Corporation, where he served as President, Beverage and Consumer Electronics. Mr. Scherger was with MeadWestvaco Corporation from 1986 to 2012 and held positions including Vice President, Corporate Strategy; Vice President and General Manager, Beverage Packaging; Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Papers Group, Vice President Asia Pacific and Latin America, Beverage Packaging, Chief Financial Officer Beverage Packaging and other executive‐level positions.

Maggie Bidlingmaier, 54, joined Graphic Packaging Holding Company as the Executive Vice President and President, Americas business unit on January 28, 2022. Maggie was most recently President, Performance Solutions for Invista, a subsidiary of Koch Industries, Inc., where she led numerous multimillion-dollar global businesses within the flooring, apparel and airbag fiber segments. Prior to that, she was Vice President, Surfaces at Invista, following a successful career with Avery Dennison in global sales and marketing roles of increasing responsibility.

Michael Farrell, 58, became the Executive Vice President, Mills Division of Graphic Packaging Holding Company in September 2018. Prior to that, he served as the Senior Vice President, Supply Chain from January to September 2018. Prior to January 2018, Mr. Farrell served as Vice President, Recycled Board Mills of Graphic Packaging International, Inc. and its predecessor companies from January 1, 2013; and Senior Manufacturing Manager of Graphic Packaging International, Inc. from October 28, 2009 until December 31, 2012. From December 11, 2008 until October 27, 2009, Mr. Farrell was the Manufacturing Manager of the West Monroe, Louisiana mill and from September 1, 2006 until December 10, 2008 he was the General Manager of the Middletown, Ohio mill.

Elizabeth Spence, 45, is the Executive Vice President, Human Resources. She joined the Company on April 4, 2022. Prior to this she was Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer at Gypsum Management and Supply, following her role as Vice President of Human Resources at Assurant. Ms. Spence is a seasoned human resources executive, having also spent time at BellSouth/AT&T and The Coca-Cola Company.

Lauren S. Tashma, 58, is the Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. She joined the Company in February 2014. Previously, Ms. Tashma served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Fortune Brands Home & Security, Inc., where she led the legal, compliance and EHS functions. Prior to that, Ms. Tashma had various roles with Fortune Brands, Inc., including Vice President and Associate General Counsel.

Joseph P. Yost, 57, is the Executive Vice President and President, International of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. Prior to March 31, 2022, he served as Executive Vice President and President, Americas. Prior to January 5, 2017, Mr. Yost served as Senior Vice President, Global Beverage and Europe from September 1, 2015 to January 4, 2017, Senior Vice President, Europe from March 1, 2014 to August 31, 2015 and Senior Vice President, European Chief Integration Officer/Chief Financial Officer from February 2013 until February 2014. From 2009 until February 2013, Mr. Yost was the Senior Vice President, Supply Chain of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. From 2006 to 2009, he served as Vice President, Operations Support – Consumer Packaging for Graphic Packaging International, Inc. Mr. Yost has also served in the following positions: Director, Finance and Centralized Services from 2003 to 2006 with Graphic Packaging International, Inc. and from 2000 to 2003 with Graphic Packaging Corporation; Manager, Operations Planning and Analysis – Consumer Products Division from 1999 to 2000 with Graphic Packaging Corporation; and other management positions from 1997 to 1999 with Fort James Corporation.

PART II

~~ITEM~~Item 5. ~~MARKET~~Market ~~FOR~~for ~~REGISTRANT’S~~Registrant's ~~COMMON~~Common ~~EQUITY~~Equity, ~~RELATED~~Related ~~STOCKHOLDER~~Stockholder ~~MATTERS~~Matters ~~AND~~and ~~ISSUER~~Issuer ~~PURCHASES~~Purchases OFof ~~EQUITY~~Equity ~~SECURITIES~~Securities

~~GPHC’s~~Market ~~common~~Information ~~stock~~and ~~is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “GPK.”~~Holders

OnThe ~~February~~Company's ~~11,~~common ~~2025,~~stock ~~there~~is ~~were~~traded ~~869~~on ~~stockholders~~the ofNew ~~record~~York ~~and~~Stock ~~approximately~~Exchange ~~150,000~~under ~~beneficial~~the ~~holders~~symbol ~~of GPHC's common stock~~"GPK. "

OnAs ~~July~~of February 27, ~~2023~~2026, ~~the~~there ~~Company's~~were ~~Board~~838 stockholders of ~~Directors~~record ~~authorized~~and anapproximately ~~additional~~100,000 ~~share~~beneficial ~~repurchase~~holders ~~program to allow the Company to purchase up to $500 million~~ of the Company's ~~issued and outstanding shares of~~ common stock ~~through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions and Rule 10b5-1 plans (the “2023 share repurchase program”)~~. The previous $500 million share repurchase program was authorized January 28, 2019 (the “2019 share repurchase program”) and was completed in May 2024. At December 31, 2024, the Company had $365 million available for additional repurchases under the 2023 share repurchase program.

Dividends

During 2025, 2024 and 2023, Graphic Packaging Holding Company ("GPHC" and, together with its subsidiaries, the "Company") paid cash dividends of $128 million, $122 million and $123 million, respectively. Though the decision to distribute cash dividends rests solely with the Board of Directors, the Company presently intends to maintain a quarterly cash dividend, subject to earnings and liquidity considerations.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

For information regarding the securities authorized for issuance under the Company's equity compensation plans, refer to Note 7. Stock Incentive Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

On April 30, 2025, the Company's Board of Directors authorized an additional share repurchase program to allow the Company to purchase up to $1.5 billion of the Company's issued and outstanding shares of common stock through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions and Rule 10b5-1 plans (the "2025 share repurchase program"). The previous $500 million share repurchase program was authorized July 27, 2023 (the "2023 share repurchase program"), in addition to the $500 million share repurchase program that was authorized January 28, 2019 (the "2019 share repurchase program"), which was completed in May 2024. At December 31, 2025, the Company had $1.715 billion available for additional repurchases under the 2025 and 2023 share repurchase programs.

The following presents the Company's share repurchases for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023,~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023:

Amount repurchased in millions, except share and per share amounts	Amount Repurchased		Number of Shares Repurchased	Average Price per Share
2025(a)	$	150	6,765,249	$	22.17
2024(a)(b)	$	200	7,243,734	$	27.61
2023	$	54	2,389,224	$	22.80
2022	$	28	1,315,839	$	20.91

(b) ~~Excluding~~Includes $265 million ofshares ~~excise~~repurchased ~~taxes~~under ~~incurred~~the in2019 ~~2024~~share repurchase program, thereby completing that program.

During 2024, 2023 and 2022, GPHC paid cash dividends of $122 million, $123 million and $92 million, respectively. Though the decision to distribute cash dividends rests solely with the Board of Directors, the Company presently intends to maintain a quarterly cash dividend, subject to earnings and liquidity considerations.18

~~2024~~Table of Contents

OnTotal ~~August~~Return ~~14, 2024 the Company drew $300 million from the senior secured domestic revolving credit facilities and used the proceeds~~ to ~~redeem its 4.125% Senior Notes due in 2024.~~Stockholders

OnThe ~~June~~following 3,graph ~~2024,~~compares ~~Graphic~~the ~~Packaging~~total ~~International,~~returns ~~LLC~~ (~~“GPIL”),~~assuming areinvestment ~~Delaware limited liability company and a direct subsidiary~~ of ~~Graphic~~dividends) ~~Packaging International Partners, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary~~ of the ~~Company~~common ~~entered~~stock ~~into a Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”) to extend the maturity date~~ of ~~certain of its Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities and Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities and to amend certain other terms of the agreement including revised debt covenants. However~~GPHC, ~~there were no changes to~~ the ~~maximum Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio and the minimum Consolidated Interest Expense Ratio covenants. Under the terms of the agreement, $1,425~~Standard ~~million~~& ~~and €200 million of the Company’~~Poor's ~~Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities remain outstanding. The Company added $50 million to its Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities. $500 million~~ (~~A-1~~"S&P") of500 ~~the~~Stock ~~Senior~~Index ~~Secured Term Loan Facilities~~ and ~~all of~~ the ~~Senior~~Dow ~~Secured~~Jones ~~Revolving Credit Facility loans continue to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1~~U.~~35% to SOFR plus 2~~S.10%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company’s consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and the maturity for these loans were extended from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029. $425 ~~million~~Container & ~~(A-2)~~Packaging ~~of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continue to bear interest at a fixed rate per annum equal to 2~~Index.~~67%~~ ~~and~~The ~~mature~~graph onassumes ~~their originally scheduled maturity date of January 14, 2028.~~ $~~250 million~~100 ~~(A-3)~~invested of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continue to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.60% to SOFR plus 2.35%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company’s consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and mature on ~~their originally scheduled maturity date of July 22, 2028. $250~~December ~~million of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continue to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.725% to SOFR plus 2.35%~~31, ~~determined~~2020 ~~using~~in ~~a pricing grid based upon the Company’~~GPHC's ~~consolidated~~common ~~total~~stock ~~leverage ratio from time to time,~~ and ~~mature~~each ~~on their originally scheduled maturity date~~ of ~~June 1, 2029. €200 million of~~ the ~~Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continues to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1~~indices.~~225%~~ toThe ~~SOFR~~stock ~~plus~~price ~~1.85%,~~performance ~~determined~~on ~~using a pricing grid based upon~~ the ~~Company’s~~following ~~consolidated~~graph ~~total~~is ~~leverage~~not ~~ratio~~necessarily ~~from~~indicative ~~time~~of tofuture ~~time,~~stock ~~and~~price ~~the maturity for these loans was extended from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029~~performance.


	12/31/2020		12/31/2021		12/31/2022		12/31/2023		12/31/2024		12/31/2025
Graphic Packaging Holding Company	$	100.00	$	116.98	$	135.54	$	152.63	$	170.55	$	96.66
S&P 500 Stock Index	100.00		128.71		105.40		133.10		166.40		196.16
Dow Jones U.S. Container & Packaging Index	100.00		110.96		91.21		98.16		112.83		99.86

Item 6. [Reserved]

OnTable ~~May 13, 2024, GPIL completed a private offering~~ of $500 million aggregate principal amount of its 6.375% senior unsecured notes due 2032 (the “Senior Notes”). The net proceeds were used by the Company to repay a portion of the outstanding borrowings under its domestic revolving credit facility under its senior secured credit facility and to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the offering of the Senior Notes.Contents

OnItem ~~April~~7. ~~15,~~Management's ~~2024,~~Discussion ~~the~~and ~~Company~~Analysis ~~drew~~of ~~$400 million~~Financial ~~from~~Condition ~~the senior secured domestic revolving credit facilities~~ and ~~used~~Results ~~the~~of ~~proceeds, together with cash on hand, to redeem its 0.821% Senior Notes due in 2024.~~Operation

On March 22, 2024, GPIL entered into an Incremental Facility Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement for $250 million of new incremental term loans (the “New Incremental Term Facilities”). The New Incremental Term Facilities consist of a $50 million Incremental Term A-5 Facility (the “Incremental A-5 Loans”) and a $200 million Incremental Term A-6 Facility (the “Incremental Term A-6 Loans”). The New Incremental Term Facilities are senior secured term loans and mature on June 1, 2029. The Incremental Term A-5 and A-6 Loans bear interest at a floating rate ranging from SOFR plus 1.725% to SOFR plus 2.35%, determined using a pricing grid based upon GPIL’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio. As long as the Incremental Term A-2, A-3, A-5 and A-6 Loans are outstanding, GPIL will be eligible to receive an annual patronage credit from the participating lender banks, which will be paid in cash and stock in the lead member bank. Patronage payable each year is variable and based on the individual financial performance of each of the member banks then participating in the loan. The Incremental Term A-5 and A-6 Facilities are governed by the same covenants as are set forth in the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and are secured by a first priority lien and security interest in certain assets of GPIL. Introduction

~~2023~~This management's discussion and analysis of financial conditions and results of operations is intended to assist you in understanding the Company's past performance, financial condition and prospects. A detailed discussion of fiscal 2025 year-over-year changes can be found below and a detailed discussion of fiscal 2024 year-over-year changes can be found in Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

OnOverview February 7, 2023, GPIL entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Third Amendment”). The Third Amendment provides for a future replacement floating interest rate benchmark (the Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average) to take effect upon the cessation of the Canadian Dollar Offered Rate for Canadian Dollar borrowings under the domestic revolving credit facility. The Third Amendment also modified the borrowing mechanics for certain term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) loans under the domestic revolving line of credit.Business

Graphic Packaging is a leading global provider of consumer goods packaging made from renewable or recycled materials. The Company designs and manufactures sustainable packaging solutions including cartons, multipack cartons, trays, carriers and paperboard canisters, as well as cups and bowls, made primarily from recycled paperboard, unbleached paperboard and bleached paperboard. Paperboard used in its packaging solutions comes from wood fiber, a renewable resource, and from recovered (reused) fiber. Graphic Packaging's consumer packaging is designed to be recycled, and the Company works across the value chain to make it easier for people to recycle. With this focus, the Company plays an active role in support of the move to a more circular economy and a sustainable future for generations to come. Graphic Packaging's commitment to reducing the environmental impact of everyday consumer packaging is fundamental to the Company's strategy, goals and business purpose.

The Company serves a wide variety of consumer markets, from food and beverage, to foodservice, household products, beauty and heath care. Graphic Packaging produces packaging solutions at over 100 locations in 20 countries around the world, serving customers and brands ranging from local to multinational consumer products companies and retailers. The Company offers one of the most comprehensive ranges of packaging design, manufacturing and execution capabilities available. Graphic Packaging manufactures a significant amount of the paperboard that it uses to produce packaging solutions, primarily where it believes that self-manufacture provides it with a competitive advantage and allows the Company to deliver better, more consistent results for customers. The Company currently manufactures most of the paperboard it consumes in the Americas and purchases the majority of the paperboard it consumes in its International Paperboard Packaging operations from third parties.

Graphic Packaging works closely with its customers to understand their needs and goals and to create new and innovative designs customized to their specific needs. The Company's approach serves to build and strengthen long-term relationships with purchasing, brand management, marketing and other key customer functions. The Company is organized to bring the full resources of its global and local innovation, design and manufacturing capabilities to all of its customers with the goal of delivering packaging solutions that are more circular, more functional and more convenient.

The Company competes with a wide range of packaging companies whose primary raw materials are paperboard, plastic, multi-layer laminates, shrink film, paper, corrugated board, bio-based materials and other packaging materials. While circularity and sustainability are increasingly important to customers' purchase decisions, the Company also competes on the basis of product innovation, price and execution capabilities. Many of the Company's multi-year supply contracts include terms which provide for the pass through of certain costs including raw materials, energy, labor and other manufacturing costs with the intention of reducing exposure to the volatility of these costs, many of which are outside of the Company's control.

The Company is implementing strategies to (i) develop and market innovative packaging products and applications that benefit from consumer-led sustainability trends; (ii) expand market share in its current markets and to identify and penetrate new markets; (iii) capitalize on the Company's customer relationships, business competencies and manufacturing facilities; and (iv) continue to reduce costs and drive productivity through operational improvements. The Company's ability to fully implement its strategies and achieve its objectives may be influenced by a variety of factors, many of which are beyond its control. Graphic Packaging cannot predict with any certainty the impact that rising interest rates, a global or regional recession or higher inflation may have on its customers or suppliers. Additionally, it is unable to predict the potential effects that any future pandemic or other global health emergency, widespread military and geopolitical conflicts, or other social and political unrest or change, including in Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East and related sanctions or market disruptions, may have on its business.

~~Total~~Table ~~Return~~of ~~to Stockholders~~Contents

The following graph compares the total returns (assuming reinvestment of dividends) of the common stock of Graphic Packaging Holding Company, the Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) 500 Stock Index and the Dow Jones (“DJ”) U.S. Container & Packaging Index. The graph assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2019 in GPHC’s common stock and each of the indices. The stock price performance on the following graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

	12/31/2019		12/31/2020		12/31/2021		12/31/2022		12/31/2023		12/31/2024
Graphic Packaging Holding Company	$	100.00	$	103.95	$	121.60	$	140.89	$	158.66	$	177.28
S&P 500 Stock Index	100.00		118.40		152.39		124.79		157.59		197.02
Dow Jones U.S. Container & Packaging Index	100.00		121.14		134.41		110.49		118.91		136.68

ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

INTRODUCTION

This management’s discussion and analysis of financial conditions and results of operations is intended to assist you in understanding the Company’s past performance, financial condition and prospects. A detailed discussion of the fiscal 2024 year-over-year changes can be found below and a detailed discussion of fiscal 2023 year-over-year changes can be found in Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS

Graphic Packaging is a leading global provider of consumer goods packaging made from renewable or recycled materials. The Company designs and manufactures sustainable packaging solutions including cartons, multipack cartons, trays, carriers, paperboard canisters, and cups and bowls, made primarily from unbleached paperboard, recycled paperboard, and bleached paperboard. Paperboard used in its packaging solutions comes from wood fiber, a renewable resource, and from secondary (reused) fiber. Graphic Packaging’s consumer packaging is designed to be recycled, and the Company works across the value chain to make it easier for people to recycle. With this focus, the Company plays an active role in support of the move to a more circular economy and a sustainable future for generations to come. Graphic Packaging’s commitment to reducing the environmental impact of everyday consumer packaging is fundamental to our strategy, our goals, and to our business purpose.

The Company serves a wide variety of consumer markets, from food and beverage, to foodservice, household products, beauty and heath care. We produce packaging solutions at over 100 locations in over 20 countries around the world, serving customers and brands ranging from local to multinational consumer products companies and retailers. The Company offers one of the most comprehensive ranges of packaging design, manufacture, and execution capabilities available. Graphic Packaging manufactures a significant amount of the paperboard that it uses to produce packaging solutions, mainly where it believes that self-manufacture provides it with a competitive advantage and allows the Company to deliver better, more consistent results for customers. The Company currently manufactures most of the paperboard it consumes in the Americas and purchases from third parties the majority of the paperboard it consumes in its Europe Paperboard Packaging operations.

Graphic Packaging works closely with its customers to understand their needs and goals and to create new and innovative designs customized to their specific needs. The Company’s approach serves to build and strengthen long-term relationships with purchasing, brand management, marketing, and other key customer functions. The Company is organized to bring the full resources of its global and local innovation, design, and manufacturing capabilities to all of its customers, with the goal of delivering packaging solutions that are more circular, more functional, and more convenient.

The Company competes with a wide range of packaging companies whose primary raw materials are paperboard, plastic, multi-layer laminates, shrink film, paper, corrugated board, bio-based materials and other packaging materials. While circularity and sustainability are increasingly important to customers purchase decisions, the Company also competes on the basis of product innovation, price, and execution capabilities. Many of the Company’s multi-year supply contracts include terms which provide for the pass through of certain costs including raw materials, energy, labor and other manufacturing costs, with the intention of reducing exposure to the volatility of these costs, many of which are outside of the Company’s control.

The Company is implementing strategies (i) to develop and market innovative, packaging products and applications that benefit from consumer-led sustainability trends; (ii) to expand market share in its current markets and to identify and penetrate new markets; (iii) to capitalize on the Company’s customer relationships, business competencies, and manufacturing facilities; and (iv) to continue to reduce costs and drive productivity through operational improvements. The Company’s ability to fully implement its strategies and achieve its objectives may be influenced by a variety of factors, many of which are beyond its control. We cannot predict with any certainty the impact that rising interest rates, a global or regional recession, or higher inflation may have on our customers or suppliers. Additionally, we are unable to predict the potential effects that any future pandemic or other global health emergency and widespread military and geopolitical conflicts and other social and political unrest or change, including Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East, and related sanctions or market disruptions, may have on our business.

Acquisitions and Dispositions

•OnIn May 12025, ~~2024,~~ the Company ~~completed~~closed ~~the sale of~~ its ~~Augusta~~Middletown, ~~Georgia~~Ohio, ~~bleached~~recycled paperboard manufacturing facility ~~(the “Augusta Divestiture”) to Clearwater Paper Corporation for a total consideration of $711 million~~.

•~~During~~In ~~2024,~~December ~~the Company decided to close multiple packaging facilities by the end of 2024 and early~~ 2025., ~~These are in addition to~~ the ~~multiple packaging facilities that the~~ Company ~~decided~~closed toits ~~close~~East byAngus, ~~the~~Québec, ~~end~~recycled ofpaperboard ~~2023~~manufacturing ~~and early 2024~~facility. Production from these facilities will be consolidated into other existing packaging facilities. Current Assets within the Consolidated Balance Sheet include $15 million relating to multiple packaging facilities that met the held for sale criteria as of December 31, 2024.

•In ~~January~~May ~~2023~~2024, the Company completed the ~~acquisition~~sale of ~~Tama~~its ~~Paperboard~~Augusta, ~~LLC~~Georgia ~~(“Tama”),~~bleached ~~a recycled~~ paperboard manufacturing facility ~~located~~(the in"Augusta ~~Tama,~~Divestiture") ~~Iowa,~~to ~~from~~Clearwater ~~Greif~~Paper ~~Packaging~~Corporation ~~LLC~~ for ~~approximately~~a ~~$100 million.~~total ~~Tama~~consideration ~~is included within the Paperboard Manufacturing reportable segment. Subsequently, in the second quarter~~ of ~~2023, the Company closed this facility~~$711 million.

•During 2024 and 2023, the Company decided to close multiple packaging facilities ~~by the end of 2023 and early 2024~~. Production from these facilities has been consolidated into other existing packaging facilities. Current Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet include $8 million and $15 million relating to multiple paperboard manufacturing and packaging facilities that met the held for sale criteria as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

•OnIn ~~September~~January 8, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of ~~Bell~~Tama ~~Incorporated~~Paperboard, LLC (~~“Bell”~~"Tama"), ~~adding~~a ~~three~~recycled ~~packaging~~paperboard ~~facilities~~manufacturing facility located in ~~Sioux~~Tama, ~~Falls~~Iowa, ~~South~~from ~~Dakota~~Greif ~~and~~Packaging ~~Groveport,~~LLC ~~Ohio~~ for approximately $~~262~~100 million. ~~Bell~~Tama is reported within Corporate and Other. Subsequently, in the ~~Americas~~second ~~Paperboard~~quarter ~~Packaging~~of ~~reportable~~2023, ~~segment~~the Company closed this facility.

•In September 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Bell Incorporated ("Bell"), adding three packaging facilities in Sioux Falls, South Dakota and Groveport, Ohio for $262 million. Bell is reported within the Americas Paperboard Packaging reportable segment.

•During the third quarter of 2023, the Company decided to discontinue the project in Texarkana to modify an existing paperboard machine to add swing capacity between bleached and unbleached paperboard in order to focus growth investments in the strategic expansion of recycled paperboard capacity.

•During the third quarter of 2023, the Company announced its decision to permanently decommission the K3 recycled paperboard machine in Kalamazoo, Michigan as part of its recycled paperboard network optimization plan that the Company initiated in 2019. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has completed the decommissioning of the K3 recycled paperboard machine.

•During ~~2022~~the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company ~~began~~completed the ~~process~~sale of ~~divesting~~ its ~~interest in its~~ two packaging facilities in Russia ~~(the~~for ~~“Russian~~total ~~Operations”)~~consideration of $67 million. The ~~assets~~Company ~~and~~incurred ~~liabilities~~$10 tomillion ~~be disposed~~ of inimpairment ~~connection~~losses associated with ~~this~~these ~~transaction met the held for sale criteria as of June 30~~facilities, ~~2022~~which ~~and~~is ~~each~~included ~~subsequent~~in ~~quarter end through~~ the ~~date~~Business ~~of sale~~Combinations, ~~resulting~~Exit inActivities ~~cumulative impairment charges of $106 million in 2022~~ and ~~2023,~~Other ~~including~~Special ~~$12 million of goodwill impairment. On November 30~~Items, ~~2023,~~Net ~~the~~line ~~Company~~in ~~completed~~ the ~~sale~~Consolidated Statement of ~~its Russian~~ Operations.

~~RESULTS~~Results OFof ~~OPERATIONS~~Operations

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024		~~2022~~2023
Net Sales	$	8,~~807~~617	$	98,~~428~~807	$	9,~~440~~428
Income from Operations	~~1,119~~804		1,~~174~~119		~~906~~1,174
Nonoperating Pension and Postretirement Benefit (Expense) Income	(3)		(3)		7
Nonoperating Pension and Postretirement Benefit Expense	(2)		(3)		(3)
Interest Expense, Net	(~~230~~220)		(~~239~~230)		(~~197~~239)
Income before Income Taxes and Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity	~~886~~582		~~932~~886		~~716~~932
Income Tax Expense	(~~229~~139)		(~~210~~229)		(~~194~~210)
Income before Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity	~~657~~443		~~722~~657		~~522~~722
Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity	1		1		—1
Net Income	$	~~658~~444	$	~~723~~658	$	~~522~~723

2321

~~2024~~Table ~~COMPARED~~of ~~WITH 2023~~ Contents

2025 Compared to 2024

Net Sales

The components of the change in Net Sales are as follows:

Year Ended December 31,

Variances

In millions

~~2023~~2024

Price/ Volume/ Mix

M&A

~~Foreign~~ Exchange

~~2024~~2025

Decrease

Percent Change

Consolidated

$8,807

~~9,428~~

(~~349~~103)

(~~248~~144)

~~(24)~~57

8,~~807~~617

$(190)

~~(621)~~

(~~6.6~~2)

The Company's Net Sales in ~~2024~~2025 decreased by $~~621~~190 million or ~~6.6~~(2)%, to $8,~~807~~617 million from $98,~~428~~807 million for the same period in ~~2023,~~2024 due to the Augusta divestiture in 2024, and reduced open market paperboard volumes and pricing of bleached paperboard, and lower ~~packaging volumes,~~ pricing ~~declines~~, ~~including~~partially ~~pass~~offset ~~through~~by offavorable ~~lower input costs in Europe, the divestiture of our two packaging facilities in Russia in 2023 ($92 million) and unfavorable~~ foreign currency exchange (of $2457 million),. ~~partially~~Packaging ~~offset~~volumes bywere ~~the acquisition of Bell in September 2023 ($118 million)~~flat. Innovation sales growth was $~~205~~213 million, driven by conversions to ~~our~~the Company's sustainable consumer packaging solutions. ~~Lower~~There were higher packaging sales in ~~food,~~the ~~household, and~~ health and beauty ~~markets~~market, ~~were~~while ~~partially offset by higher~~ packaging sales in the food, beverage, foodservice and ~~beverage~~household markets were relatively flat.

Income from Operations

Income from Operations for ~~2024~~2025 decreased $55315 million or 5(28)%, to $~~1,119~~804 million from $1,~~174~~119 million for the same period in ~~2023~~2024, ~~primarily~~ due to ~~the~~lower ~~Augusta~~packaging ~~Divestiture and bleached paperboard~~ price and volume-related ~~declines~~decreases, ~~weather,~~the ~~power~~Augusta ~~and~~Divestiture ~~equipment~~in ~~maintenance~~2024 ~~issues~~(which included a gain of $3075 million) and ~~incremental~~related ~~planned~~bleached ~~maintenance~~paperboard ~~expense~~price and ~~market~~volume ~~downtime~~declines ($30 million), ~~offset~~commodity byinflation ~~the~~(including ~~gain~~logistics, ~~from~~energy, ~~the~~and ~~Augusta~~purchased ~~divestiture~~materials, ofpartially ~~$75 million.~~offset ~~Excluding~~by ~~those~~secondary ~~items,~~fiber) ~~the negative impact~~ of ~~lower~~$47 million ~~pricing~~ and ~~lower~~other ~~packaging~~inflation ~~volumes, non-commodity~~ (primarily labor and benefits) ~~cost~~of ~~inflation and foreign currency exchange~~$106 million, ~~were~~partially offset by ~~performance, including cost~~ savings from continuous improvement and other programs, and productivity improvements, ~~including~~and ~~benefits~~a ~~from~~$10 million ~~capital projects, innovation sales growth,~~ favorable ~~commodity~~foreign ~~deflation~~currency ~~(primarily external board and energy, partially offset by secondary fiber and byproducts) and the acquisition of Bell in September 2023~~exchange. Income from Operations was also favorably impacted by a reduction in ~~impairment~~accelerated ~~charges~~depreciation of $9 million related to the ~~sale~~closures of ~~our~~several ~~Russian~~packaging ~~operations~~and inpaperboard ~~2023~~manufacturing facilities (refer to “Note 1918. -Exit ~~Divestitures”~~Activities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included~~for ~~herein~~additional ~~under~~information), ~~“Item~~and ~~8.,~~by ~~Financial~~the ~~Statements~~weather and ~~Supplementary~~power ~~Data”~~issues ~~for~~in ~~additional~~2024 ~~information),~~that adid ~~reduction~~not recur in ~~accelerated~~2025. ~~depreciation~~Excluding ~~related~~the togain from the ~~closures~~Augusta ofDivestiture ~~several~~in ~~packaging~~2024, ~~and~~Income ~~paperboard~~from ~~manufacturing~~Operations ~~facilities~~was offavorably ~~$36 million,~~impacted ~~and~~by a reduction in charges ~~related~~for toBusiness ~~the~~Combinations, ~~discontinuation~~Exit ofActivities ~~the~~and ~~Texarkana~~Other ~~swing~~Special ~~capacity~~Items ~~project~~of ~~(refer~~$39 million. toSee “Note 181. -Business Combinations, Exit Activities” and Other Special Items, Net in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional information).~~

Interest Expense, Net

Interest Expense, Net was $~~230~~220 million and $~~239~~230 million in ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively. Interest Expense, Net decreased primarily due to an increase in capitalized interest primarily due to the Waco project. The Company capitalized interest of $52 million and $34 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, approximately 3628% of the Company’'s total debt was subject to floating interest rates.

Income Tax Expense

During ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, the Company recognized Income Tax Expense of $~~229~~139 million and $~~210~~229 million, respectively, on Income before Income Taxes of $~~886~~582 million and $~~932~~886 million, respectively.

The effective tax rate for ~~2024~~2025 is different from the statutory rate primarily due to the ~~write~~impact ~~off~~ of state taxes and non-deductible ~~book~~expenses, ~~goodwill associated with the divestiture of Augusta~~ as well as tax benefits of $168 million related to U.S. federal, ~~state and foreign~~ income tax credits~~, including purchased tax credits~~.

The effective tax rate for ~~2023~~2024 was different from the statutory rate primarily due to ~~a decrease in~~ the ~~Company’s~~write ~~valuation~~off ~~allowances in Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands~~ of ~~$22 million,~~non-deductible ~~the~~book ~~establishment~~goodwill ofassociated awith ~~valuation allowance against~~ the ~~net~~Augusta ~~deferred~~divestiture ~~tax assets in Nigeria of $3 million,~~ as well as tax benefits of $2216 million related to U.S. federal, state and foreign income tax credits, including purchased tax credits.

Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity

Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity was $1 million in 2025 and less than $1 million in ~~both~~ 2024 and ~~2023 and~~ is related to the Company’'s equity investment in the Rengo Riverwood Packaging, Ltd. joint venture.

2422

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Segment Reporting

~~The~~During the first quarter of 2025, the Company ~~has~~realigned ~~three~~its financial reporting structure under two reportable segments, asAmericas ~~follows:~~Paperboard Packaging and International Paperboard Packaging. This structure aligns with how the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") measures segment operating results, allocates resources among the segments and assesses segment performance.

International Paperboard ~~Manufacturing~~Packaging includes ~~the six North American~~ paperboard ~~manufacturing facilities that produce recycled, unbleached and bleached paperboard, which is primarily consumed internally to produce paperboard consumer~~ packaging ~~for the Americas and Europe Paperboard Packaging segments. Paperboard not consumed internally is~~ sold ~~externally~~primarily to aCPG ~~small~~companies ~~group~~serving ~~of paperboard packaging converters. The Paperboard Manufacturing segment's Net Sales represent~~ the ~~sale~~food, ofbeverage ~~paperboard~~and ~~only~~consumer toproduct ~~external~~markets, ~~customers.~~including ~~The~~healthcare ~~effect~~and ofbeauty, ~~intercompany~~primarily ~~transfers~~in ~~to the paperboard packaging segments has been eliminated from the Paperboard Manufacturing segment to reflect the economics of the integration of these segments~~Europe.

The Company allocates ~~certain~~internally sourced paperboard ~~manufacturing~~margin and corporate costs to the reportable segments to appropriately represent the economics of these segments. The Corporate and Other caption, which does not meet the criteria of a reportable segment, includes the ~~Pacific~~unallocated ~~Rim~~corporate costs and ~~Australia~~the Paperboard Manufacturing operating segment. The effect of intercompany transfers to the paperboard packaging segments ~~and~~has ~~unallocated~~been ~~corporate~~eliminated from the Corporate and ~~one-time~~Other ~~costs~~caption to reflect the economics of the integration of these segments.

~~These~~The ~~segments~~Company's ~~are~~CODM ~~evaluated~~evaluates byeach ~~the~~segment ~~chief operating decision maker~~ based primarily on Income from Operations~~, as adjusted for depreciation and amortization~~. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in “Note 1. - Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~. ~~Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024		~~2022~~2023
NET SALES:
Net Sales:
Americas Paperboard Packaging	$	65,~~101~~889	$	6,~~200~~101	$	6,~~015~~200
Europe Paperboard Packaging	1,893		2,024		1,973
International Paperboard Packaging	2,208		2,130		2,280
Paperboard Manufacturing	655		1,022		1,290
Corporate/Other/Eliminations(a)	520		576		948
Corporate/Other/Eliminations(a)	158		182		162
Total	$	8,617	$	8,807	$	9,428
Total	$	8,807	$	9,428	$	9,440
Income (Loss) from Operations:
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS:
Americas Paperboard Packaging(b)(c)	$	818	$	1,072	$	1,088
Americas Paperboard Packaging(b)(c)	$	1,072	$	1,088	$	800
International Paperboard Packaging(c)(d)(e)	139		174		193
Europe Paperboard Packaging(c)(d)(e)	122		127		59
Corporate and Other(b)(c)(f)	(153)		(127)		(107)
Paperboard Manufacturing(c)(f)(g)	(60)		(23)		45
Total	$	804	$	1,119	$	1,174
Corporate and Other(c)	(15)		(18)		2
Total	$	1,119	$	1,174	$	906

(a) Includes revenue from ~~contracts with customers for~~ the ~~Australia~~sale ~~and~~of ~~Pacific~~paperboard ~~Rim~~to ~~operating~~third ~~segments~~parties.

(b) Includes accelerated depreciation related to exit activities in 2025, 2024 and 2023. See “Note 18. - Exit Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”~~ for further information.

(c) Includes expenses related to business combinations, exit activities and other special items in 2025, 2024 and 2023. See “Note 1. -Business ~~General~~Combinations, ~~Information”~~Exit inActivities ~~the~~and ~~Notes~~Other toSpecial ~~Consolidated~~Items, ~~Financial~~Net ~~Statements~~in ~~included~~the ~~herein~~Notes ~~under~~to ~~“Item~~Consolidated ~~8.,~~ Financial Statements ~~and Supplementary Data”~~ for further information.

(d) Includes impairment charges related to Russia in 2023 ~~and 2022~~. See “Note 19. - Divestitures” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”~~ for further information.

(e) Includes accelerated depreciation related to exit activities in 2024. See “Note 18. - Exit Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”~~ for further information.

(f) Includes ~~accelerated~~gain ~~depreciation~~from ~~related~~Augusta toDivestiture ~~exit activities~~ in 2024~~, 2023, and 2022~~. See “Note 1819. -Divestitures ~~Exit Activities”~~ in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”~~ for further information.

(g) Includes gain from Augusta Divestiture in 2024. See “Note 19 - Divestitures” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for further information.23

25Table of Contents

~~2024~~2025 ~~COMPARED~~Compared ~~WITH~~to ~~2023~~2024

Americas Paperboard Packaging

Net Sales decreased due to lower pricing, ~~and~~lower packaging volumes and unfavorable foreign currency exchange, partially offset by innovation sales growth driven by conversions to ~~our~~the Company's sustainable consumer packaging solutions,. ~~and~~Packaging ~~the~~sales ~~acquisition~~were oflower ~~Bell~~ in ~~September~~the ~~2023. Lower packaging sales in~~ food, beverage and household markets, ~~were~~while ~~partially offset by higher~~ packaging sales in the foodservice market were relatively flat.

Income from Operations decreased due to lower pricing, ~~and~~lower packaging volumes, ~~higher levels of planned maintenance~~ and ~~market~~higher ~~downtime, weather and power issues and~~ commodity ~~inflation~~cost ~~(primarily secondary fiber~~ and ~~byproducts, partially offset by energy, wood and chemicals) and~~ other inflation (primarily labor and benefits)., ~~These decreases were~~ partially offset by net performance, including cost savings from continuous improvement and other programs, and productivity improvements~~, including benefits from capital projects, innovation sales growth, and the acquisition of Bell in September 2023~~. Income from Operations was also favorably impacted by reductions in accelerated depreciation and charges related to the closures of several packaging facilities (refer to “Note 18. - Exit Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included~~for ~~herein~~additional ~~under~~information) ~~“Item~~and ~~8.,~~by ~~Financial~~the ~~Statements~~weather and ~~Supplementary~~power ~~Data”~~issues ~~for~~in ~~additional~~2024 ~~information)~~that did not recur in 2025.

~~Europe~~International Paperboard Packaging

Net Sales ~~decreased~~increased due to ~~lower~~innovation ~~pricing,~~sales ~~predominantly~~growth ~~due~~driven toby ~~pass~~conversions ~~through~~to ~~of lower input costs,~~ the ~~divestiture~~Company's ofsustainable ~~our~~consumer ~~two~~ packaging ~~facilities~~solutions, inhigher ~~Russia~~packaging involumes ~~2023~~ and ~~unfavorable~~favorable foreign currency exchange, partially offset by ~~innovation~~lower ~~sales~~pricing ~~growth~~and ~~driven~~mix. byPackaging ~~conversions~~sales towere ~~our sustainable consumer packaging solutions and~~ higher ~~volumes.~~in ~~Lower~~the ~~packaging~~food, ~~sales~~foodservice, ~~in food~~household, health and beauty, and ~~household markets were partially offset by higher packaging sales in the~~ beverage ~~market~~markets.

Income from Operations decreased due to lower pricing and ~~accelerated~~commodity ~~depreciation~~inflation and ~~charges~~other ~~related~~inflation ~~to the closure of packaging facilities~~ (~~refer~~primarily tolabor ~~“Note 18 - Exit Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8. Financial Statements~~ and ~~Supplementary Data” for additional information~~benefits), partially offset by higher packaging volumes, ~~commodity~~and ~~deflation,~~ cost savings from continuous improvement and other programs ~~and favorable foreign currency exchange. The commodity deflation was primarily related to external board~~, ~~which~~including ~~is passed through to our customers, partially offset by other inflation (primarily labor and~~ benefits). ~~Income~~ from ~~Operations~~capital ~~was~~projects ~~also~~and ~~favorably~~productivity ~~impacted~~improvements. byThe aimpact ~~reduction in impairment charges related to the sale~~ of ~~our~~foreign ~~Russian~~currency ~~operations~~exchange inwas ~~2023.~~relatively ~~Refer to “Note 19 - Divestitures” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8~~flat.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional information.~~

~~Paperboard~~Financial ~~Manufacturing~~Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

~~Net~~The ~~Sales~~Company ~~decreased~~broadly ~~due~~defines liquidity as its ability to generate sufficient funds from both internal and external sources to meet its obligations and commitments. In addition, liquidity includes the ~~Augusta~~ability ~~divestiture~~to obtain appropriate debt and ~~reduced~~equity ~~open~~financing ~~market~~and ~~paperboard~~to ~~volumes~~convert those assets that are no longer required to meet existing strategic and ~~pricing~~financial ofobjectives ~~bleached~~into ~~paperboard~~cash. Therefore, liquidity cannot be considered separately from capital resources that consist of current or potentially available funds for use in achieving long-range business objectives and meeting debt service commitments.

Cash Flows

Income from Operations decreased due to bleached paperboard price and volume declines (including due to the Augusta Divestiture), weather and power issues, incremental planned maintenance expense and market downtime and commodity and other inflation (primarily secondary fiber, byproduct and labor and benefits offset by energy and wood). This decrease was offset by the gain from the Augusta divestiture (refer to “Note 19 - Divestitures” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional information) and productivity improvements, including benefits from capital projects. Income from Operations was also favorably impacted by reductions in accelerated depreciation related to the closure of Tama (refer to “Note 18 - Exit Activities” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional information), and a reduction in charges related to the discontinuation of the Texarkana swing capacity project.


	Years Ended December 31,
In millions	2025		2024
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	$	841	$	840
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(732)		(342)
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities	(18)		(489)

26Net cash provided by operating activities in 2025 totaled $841 million, compared to $840 million in 2024. The increase was primarily due to a decrease in payments for income taxes, partially offset by the decrease in income from operations in 2025 as compared to 2024. Pension contributions in 2025 and 2024 were $11 million and $12 million, respectively.

~~FINANCIAL~~Net ~~CONDITION~~cash used in investing activities in 2025 totaled $732 million, ~~LIQUIDITY~~compared ~~AND~~to ~~CAPITAL~~$342 ~~RESOURCES~~million in 2024. The Company had capital spending of $922 million ($803 million was capitalized of which $737 million was for adding capacity and improving process capabilities, $32 million for capital spares and $34 million for manufacturing packaging machinery) and $1,203 million ($1,256 million was capitalized) in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The elevated levels of capital spending were driven by the construction of the Company's new recycled paperboard manufacturing facility in Waco, Texas. For more information on the construction of the new recycled paperboard manufacturing facility in Waco, Texas, and continued investments made as part of the integration of acquisitions, see Note 18. Exit Activities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Net cash receipts related to the accounts receivable securitization and sale programs were $171 million and $152 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. In the prior year the Company completed the Augusta Divestiture for total cash consideration of $711 million. For further discussion of the Augusta Divestiture, see Note 19. Divestitures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company broadly defines liquidity as its ability to generate sufficient funds from both internal and external sources to meet its obligations and commitments. In addition, liquidity includes the ability to obtain appropriate debt and equity financing and to convert into cash those assets that are no longer required to meet existing strategic and financial objectives. Therefore, liquidity cannot be considered separately from capital resources that consist of current or potentially available funds for use in achieving long-range business objectives and meeting debt service commitments.24

	Years Ended December 31,
In millions	2024		2023
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	$	840	$	1,144
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(342)		(1,025)
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities	(489)		(106)

Table of Contents

Net cash ~~provided~~used byin ~~operating~~financing activities in ~~2024~~2025 totaled $~~840~~18 million, compared to $~~1,144~~489 million in ~~2023~~2024. Current year financing activities included the Company completing a $100 million tax-exempt green bond transaction on May 29, 2025 through Mission Economic Development Corporation's Private Activity Bond Program (the "Green Bonds"). The ~~decrease~~net ~~was~~proceeds ~~mainly~~of ~~due~~$99 million were used to fund a ~~decrease~~portion of the construction of the Company's new recycled paperboard manufacturing facility in ~~income~~Waco, ~~from~~Texas. ~~operations~~For more information on the Green Bonds, ansee ~~increase~~Note 5. Debt in ~~payments~~the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Current year activities also include borrowings under revolving credit facilities primarily for ~~income~~capital ~~taxes~~spending, repurchase of common stock of $150 million and ~~higher~~payments ~~levels~~on debt of ~~working~~$14 ~~capital~~million. ~~Pension~~The ~~contributions~~Company also paid dividends of $128 million and withheld $34 million of restricted stock units to satisfy tax withholding obligations related to the payout of restricted stock units. Prior year financing activities included a debt drawing of the new incremental term facilities which consist of a $50 million Incremental Term A-5 Facility, a $200 million Incremental Term A-6 Facility, an offering of $500 million aggregate principal amount of 6.375% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2032. The net proceeds were used by the Company to repay a portion of the outstanding borrowings under its senior secured revolving credit facility. The Company also drew $400 million from the senior secured domestic revolving credit facilities and used the proceeds, together with cash on hand, to redeem it's 0.821% Senior Notes due in 2024. The Company also drew $300 million from the senior secured domestic revolving credit facilities on August 14, 2024 and ~~2023~~used ~~were~~the proceeds to redeem its 4.125% Senior Notes due in 2024. For further discussion of the Company's newly acquired debt and redemptions, see Note 5. Debt in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Other prior year activities include borrowings under revolving credit facilities primarily for capital spending, repurchase of common stock of $12200 million and payments on debt of $1523 million,. ~~respectively~~The Company also paid dividends of $122 million and withheld $25 million of restricted stock units to satisfy tax withholding obligations related to the payout of restricted stock units.

Net cash used in investing activities in 2024 totaled $342 million, compared to $1,025 million in 2023. The Company had capital spending of $1,203 million ($1,256 million was capitalized of which $1,169 million was for adding capacity and improving process capabilities, $22 million for capital spares and $34 million for manufacturing packaging machinery) and $804 million ($894 million was capitalized) in 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in capital spending was driven by the construction of the Company's new recycled paperboard manufacturing facility in Waco, Texas. For more information on the construction of the new recycled paperboard manufacturing facility in Waco, Texas, and continued investments made as part of the integration of acquisitions, see “Note 18 - Exit Activities” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” On May 1, 2024, the Company completed the sale of the Augusta Paperboard Manufacturing Facility to Clearwater Paper Corporation for total cash consideration of $711 million. For further discussion of the Company's Divestiture of the Augusta Paperboard Manufacturing Facility, see “Note 19 - Divestitures” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data". Net cash receipts related to the accounts receivable securitization and sale programs were $152 million and $139 million in 2024 and 2023, respectively. In the prior year the Company completed the acquisition of Tama on January 31, 2023 from Greif Packaging LLC for approximately $100 million. The Company also completed the acquisition of Bell Incorporated, adding three packaging facilities in Sioux Falls, South Dakota and Groveport, Ohio for approximately $262 million on September 8, 2023. For further discussion of the Company's acquired coated recycled paperboard manufacturing facility and packaging facilities, see “Note 4 - Business Combinations” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Net cash used in financing activities in 2024 totaled $489 million compared to $106 million in 2023. Current year financing activities included a debt drawing of the new incremental term facilities which consist of a $50 million Incremental Term A-5 Facility (the “Incremental A-5 Loan”), a $200 million Incremental Term A-6 Facility (the “Incremental Term A-6 Loan”), an offering of $500 million aggregate principal amount of 6.375% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2032. The net proceeds were used by the Company to repay a portion of the outstanding borrowings under its senior secured revolving credit facility. The Company also drew $400 million from the senior secured domestic revolving credit facilities and used the proceeds, together with cash on hand, to redeem it's 0.821% Senior Notes due in 2024. The Company also on August 14, 2024 drew $300 million from the senior secured domestic revolving credit facilities and used the proceeds to redeem its 4.125% Senior Notes due in 2024. For further discussion of the Company's newly acquired debt and redemptions, see “Note 5 - Debt” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” Other current year activities include borrowings under revolving credit facilities primarily for capital spending, repurchase of common stock of $200 million and payments on debt of $23 million. The Company also paid dividends of $122 million and withheld $25 million of restricted stock units to satisfy tax withholding obligations related to the payout of restricted stock units. In the prior year the Company made borrowings under revolving credit facilities primarily for capital spending, repurchase of common stock of $54 million, and payments on debt of $26 million. The Company also paid dividends and distributions of $123 million and withheld $22 million of restricted stock units to satisfy tax withholding payments related to the payout of restricted stock units.

Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information

As adiscussed ~~result~~in ofNote ~~International~~5. ~~Paper~~Debt ~~Company's~~in ~~final~~the ~~exchange~~Notes into ~~2021~~Consolidated Financial Statements, the ~~Company~~Senior ~~currently~~Notes ~~owns~~issued ~~100%~~by ofGraphic ~~the~~Packaging ~~outstanding~~International, ~~interests~~LLC in("GPIL") ~~GPIP.~~are ~~GPIP~~guaranteed ~~continued~~by toGraphic bePackaging ~~treated~~International asPartners, LLC, a ~~partnership~~Delaware ~~for~~limited ~~U.S.~~liability ~~federal~~company and ~~state~~a ~~income~~wholly-owned ~~tax~~subsidiary ~~purposes~~of ~~despite~~the ~~IP’s~~Company ~~exit~~("GPIP") asand acertain ~~minority~~domestic ~~partner~~subsidiaries ~~until~~(the ~~September~~"Subsidiary 1Guarantors"), ~~2022,~~which ~~when,~~consist ~~due~~of toall anmaterial ~~internal~~100% ~~restructuring,~~owned ~~GPIP~~subsidiaries ~~became~~of aGPIL ~~single~~other ~~member~~than ~~limited~~its ~~liability~~foreign ~~company,~~subsidiaries ~~terminating~~and ~~the~~foreign ~~partnership~~subsidiary ~~for~~holding ~~income~~companies ~~tax~~(collectively ~~purposes~~"the Guarantors"). ~~Therefore,~~ GPIL's isremaining nosubsidiaries ~~longer~~(the ~~subject~~"Nonguarantor toSubsidiaries") ~~separate~~include ~~SEC~~all ~~filing~~of ~~requirements.~~GPIL's Asforeign ~~such~~subsidiaries, ~~the~~foreign ~~Company~~subsidiary ~~has~~holding ~~included~~companies ~~Supplemental~~and ~~Guarantor~~immaterial ~~disclosures~~domestic ~~herein~~subsidiaries. ~~that~~The ~~were~~Subsidiary ~~previously~~Guarantors ~~included~~are injointly ~~the~~and ~~GPIL~~severally, ~~SEC~~fully ~~filings~~and unconditionally liable under the guarantees.

27Because GPHC and GPIP have no independent assets or operations other than ownership of GPIL, the results of operations, assets and liabilities for GPHC and GPIL are substantially the same. The summarized financial information below is presented on a combined basis, consisting of the Issuer (GPIL) and Subsidiary Guarantors, and is presented after the elimination of: (i) intercompany transactions and balances among the Issuer and Subsidiary Guarantors, and (ii) equity in earnings from and investments in the Nonguarantor Subsidiaries.

As discussed in “Note 5 - Debt” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” the Senior Notes issued by GPIL (the “Issuer”) are guaranteed by certain domestic subsidiaries (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”), which consist of all material 100% owned subsidiaries of the issuer other than its foreign subsidiaries, and in certain instances by the Company (a Parent guarantee) (collectively “the Guarantors”). GPIL's remaining subsidiaries (the “Nonguarantor Subsidiaries”) include all of GPIL’s foreign subsidiaries and immaterial domestic subsidiaries. The Subsidiary Guarantors are jointly and severally, fully and unconditionally liable under the guarantees.


In millions	Year Ended December 31, 2025
Summarized Statements of Operations
Net Sales(a)	$	6,572
Cost of Sales	5,309
Income from Operations	692
Net Income	357

The results of operations, assets, and liabilities for GPHC and GPIL are substantially the same. Therefore, the summarized financial information below is presented on a combined basis, consisting of the Issuer and Subsidiary Guarantors (~~collectively, the “Obligor Group”~~a), ~~and~~Includes isNet ~~presented~~Sales ~~after~~to ~~the~~Nonguarantor ~~elimination~~Subsidiaries of: ~~(i) intercompany transactions and balances among the Issuer and Subsidiary Guarantors, and (ii) equity in earnings from and investments in the Nonguarantor Subsidiaries~~$631 million.

In millions	~~Twelve Months Ended~~ December 31, ~~2024~~2025
SUMMARIZED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Summarized Balance Sheet
Net Sales(a)	$	6,772
Current assets (excluding intercompany receivable from Nonguarantors)	$	1,569
Cost of Sales	5,187
Noncurrent assets	6,967
Income from Operations	996
Intercompany receivables from Nonguarantors	222
Net Income	569
Current liabilities	1,739
Noncurrent liabilities	5,885

~~(a) Includes Net Sales to Nonguarantor Subsidiaries of $586 million.~~25

In millions	December 31, 2024
SUMMARIZED BALANCE SHEET
Current assets (excluding intercompany receivable from Nonguarantor)	$	1,610
Noncurrent assets	6,654
Intercompany receivables from Nonguarantors	231
Current liabilities	1,416
Noncurrent liabilities	5,928

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company expects its material cash requirements for the next twelve months will be for: capital ~~expenditures~~spending, periodic required income tax payments, periodic interest and debt service payments on associated debt (refer to “Note 5. - Debt” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”~~ for additional information), lease agreements which have fixed lease payment obligations (refer to “Note 6. - Leases” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”~~ for additional information), and minimum purchase commitments (refer to “Note 13. - Commitments” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”~~ for additional information) along with ongoing operating costs, working capital, share repurchases and dividend payments. The Company expects its primary sources of liquidity to be cash flows from sales and operating activities in the normal course of operations and availability from its revolving credit facilities, as needed. The Company expects that these sources will be sufficient to fund ~~our~~its ongoing cash requirements for the foreseeable future, including at least the next twelve months.

Principal and interest payments under the term loan facilities and the revolving credit facilities, together with principal and interest payments on the Company's 4.00% Green Bonds due 2026, 5.00% Green Bonds due 2030, 1.512% Senior Notes due 2026, 4.75% Senior Notes due 2027, 3.50% Senior Notes due 2028, 3.50% Senior Notes due 2029, 2.625% Senior Notes due 2029, 3.75% Senior Notes due 2030 and 6.375% Senior Notes due 2032 (the “"Notes”"), represent liquidity requirements for the Company. Based upon current levels of operations, anticipated cost savings and expectations as to future growth, the Company believes that cash generated from operations, together with amounts available under its revolving credit facilities and other available financing sources, will be adequate to permit the Company to meet its debt service obligations, necessary capital ~~expenditure~~spending program requirements and ongoing operating costs and working capital needs, although no assurance can be given in this regard. The Company's future financial and operating performance, ability to service or refinance its debt and ability to comply with the covenants and restrictions contained in its debt agreements (see “"Covenant Restrictions”" below) will be subject to future economic conditions, including conditions in the credit markets, and to financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond the Company's control, and will be substantially dependent on the selling prices and demand for the Company's products, raw material and energy costs, and the Company's ability to successfully implement its overall business and profitability strategies.

28Accounts receivable are stated at the amount owed by the customer, net of an allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts, returns and allowances, and cash discounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on historical experience, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions and the creditworthiness of customers. Receivables are charged to the allowance when determined to be no longer collectible.

~~Accounts~~The Company engages with third-party financial institutions to sell certain trade accounts receivable from customers. Transfers under these agreements meet the requirements to be accounted for as sales of receivables in accordance with the Transfers and Servicing topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification (the "Codification"). The receivables sold are ~~stated~~reflected as a reduction of accounts receivable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at the ~~amount~~time ~~owed~~of bysale. The corresponding proceeds are reflected in Cash Flows from Operating Activities within the ~~customer,~~Consolidated ~~net~~Statements of anCash ~~allowance~~Flows. ~~for~~Receivables ~~estimated~~related ~~uncollectible~~to ~~accounts,~~the ~~returns~~Company's European program are sold in exchange for cash and ~~allowances~~a Beneficial Interest, therefore, a portion of the proceeds are reflected as "Beneficial Interest on Sold Receivables" and ~~cash~~"Beneficial ~~discounts.~~Interest ~~The~~Obtained ~~allowance~~in Exchange for ~~doubtful~~Proceeds" ~~accounts~~in isCash ~~estimated~~Flows ~~based~~from Investing Activities within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The loss on ~~historical~~sale ~~experience,~~for ~~current~~all ~~economic~~programs ~~conditions~~is ~~and~~included in Other Expense, Net in the ~~creditworthiness~~Consolidated Statements of ~~customers~~Operations. ~~Receivables~~The ~~are~~following ~~charged~~table tosummarizes the ~~allowance~~activity ~~when~~under ~~determined~~these toprograms befor nothe ~~longer~~years ~~collectible.~~ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

The Company has entered into agreements to sell, on a revolving basis, certain trade accounts receivable to third party financial institutions. Transfers under these agreements meet the requirements to be accounted for as sales in accordance with the Transfers and Servicing topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”). The loss on sale is not material and is included in Other Expense, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The following table summarizes the activity under these programs for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:


	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	2025		2024
Receivables Sold and Derecognized	$	3,606	$	3,572
Proceeds Collected on Behalf of Financial Institutions	3,572		3,562
Net Proceeds Received from Financial Institutions	24		15
Deferred Purchase Price at December 31(a)	1		5
Pledged Receivables at December 31	121		131

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	2024		2023
Receivables Sold and Derecognized	$	3,572	$	3,696
Proceeds Collected on Behalf of Financial Institutions	3,562		3,646
Net Proceeds Received from Financial Institutions	15		28
Deferred Purchase Price at December 31(a)	5		1
Pledged Receivables at December 31	131		150

(a) Included in Other Current Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and represents a beneficial interest in the receivables sold to the financial institutions, which is a Level 3 fair value measure.

Receivables sold under all programs subject to continuing involvement, which consists principally of collection services, were ~~approximately~~ $~~778~~ 814 million and $~~770~~ 778 million as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively.

The Company also participates in supply chain financing arrangements offered by certain customers that qualify for sale accounting in accordance with the Transfers and Servicing topic of the FASB Codification. As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, the Company sold receivables of $1,~~104~~138 million and $1,~~136~~104 million, respectively, related to these arrangements.

The ~~Company~~fees ~~has~~associated ~~arranged a supplier finance program (“SFP”)~~ with ~~a financial intermediary, which provides certain suppliers~~ the ~~option~~sale toof bereceivables ~~paid~~for byall ~~the~~programs ~~financial~~were ~~intermediary~~$57 million ~~earlier~~and ~~than~~$64 million ~~the~~as ~~due date on the applicable invoice. The transactions are at the sole discretion~~ of ~~both~~December 31, ~~the~~2025 ~~suppliers~~ and ~~financial~~2024, ~~institution~~respectively, and the Company is not a party to the agreements and has no economic interest in the supplier’s decision to sell a receivable. The range of payment terms negotiated by the Company with its suppliers is consistent, irrespective of whether a supplier participates in the program. The agreement with the financial intermediary does not require the Company to provide assets pledged as security or other forms of guarantees for the supplier finance program. Amounts due to the Company’s suppliers that elected to participate in the SFP program are included in ~~Accounts~~Other ~~Payable~~Expense, onNet ~~the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and payments made under the SFP program are reflected~~ in ~~Cash Flows from Operating Activities in~~ the Consolidated Statements of ~~Cash Flows~~Operations.

~~The activity of the Company's outstanding obligations confirmed as valid under its SFP for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, is as follows:~~26

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	2024		2023
Confirmed Obligations Outstanding at the Beginning of the Year	$	30	$	34
Invoices Confirmed During the Year	108		117
Confirmed Invoices Paid During the Year	(108)		(121)
Confirmed Obligations Outstanding at the End of the Year	$	30	$	30

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~~Non-cash~~The ~~additions~~Company has arranged a supplier finance program ("SFP") with a financial intermediary, which provides certain suppliers the option to ~~Property~~be paid by the financial intermediary earlier than the due date on the applicable invoice. The transactions are at the sole discretion of both the suppliers and financial institution, ~~Plant~~and the Company is not a party to the agreements and ~~Equipment~~has no economic interest in the supplier's decision to sell a receivable. The range of payment terms negotiated by the Company with its suppliers is consistent, ~~Net~~irrespective of whether a supplier participates in the program. The agreement with the financial intermediary does not require the Company to provide assets pledged as security or other forms of guarantees for the SFP. Amounts due to the Company's suppliers that elected to participate in the SFP are included ~~within~~in Accounts Payable on the Company’'s Consolidated Balance Sheets ~~were~~and ~~$198 million,~~payments ~~$145 million~~made ~~and~~under ~~$55 million~~the asSFP ofare ~~December 31,~~reflected ~~2024,~~in ~~2023~~Cash ~~and~~Flows ~~2022,~~from ~~respectively~~Operating Activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

29The activity of the Company's outstanding obligations confirmed as valid under its SFP for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, is as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	2025		2024
Confirmed Obligations Outstanding at the Beginning of the Year	$	30	$	30
Invoices Confirmed During the Year	105		108
Confirmed Invoices Paid During the Year	(108)		(108)
Confirmed Obligations Outstanding at the End of the Year	$	27	$	30

Non-cash additions to Property, Plant and Equipment, Net included within Accounts Payable on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets were $79 million, $198 million and $145 million as of December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Covenant Restrictions

Covenants contained in the Company's Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Current Credit Agreement") and the Indentures may, among other things, limit the Company's ability to incur additional indebtedness, dispose of assets, incur guarantee obligations, prepay other indebtedness, repurchase shares, pay dividends and make other restricted payments, create liens, make equity or debt investments, make acquisitions, modify terms of the Indentures under which the Notes are issued, engage in mergers or consolidations, change the business conducted by the Company and its subsidiaries, and engage in certain transactions with affiliates. Such restrictions, as well as disruptions in the credit markets, could limit the Company's ability to respond to changing market conditions, fund its capital spending program, provide for unexpected capital investments or take advantage of business opportunities.

Under the terms of the Current Credit Agreement, the Company must comply with a maximum Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio covenant and a minimum Consolidated Interest Expense Ratio covenant. The Current Credit Agreement requires that the Company maintain a maximum Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio of less than 4.25 to 1.00. At December 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with such covenant and the ratio was 3.63 to 1.00. The Company must also comply with a minimum Consolidated Interest Expense Ratio of 3.00 to 1.00. At December 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with such covenant and the ratio was 6.33 to 1.00.

~~The~~On February 26, 2026, the Current Credit Agreement ~~requires~~was ~~that~~amended ~~the~~to ~~Company~~increase ~~maintain~~the a maximum Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio offrom ~~less~~March ~~than~~31, 42026 to December 31, 2026 to 5.2500 to 1.00. Atand ~~December~~ from March 31, ~~2024~~2027 to June 30, ~~the~~2027 ~~Company~~to ~~was~~4.75 into ~~compliance~~1.00. ~~with~~The ~~such~~Amendment ~~covenant~~also ~~and~~incorporates an additional pricing tier when the ~~ratio~~Consolidated ~~was~~Total 2Leverage Ratio is greater than or equal to 4.8175 to 1.00; limits share repurchases to $65 million on an annual basis; and places additional restrictions on acquisitions and investments in non-guarantor subsidiaries during the period commencing on February 26, 2026 and ending on September 30, 2027.

~~The~~As ~~Company~~of ~~must~~December 31, ~~also~~2025, ~~comply~~the ~~with~~Company's acredit ~~minimum~~was ~~Consolidated~~rated ~~Interest~~BB+ ~~Expense~~by ~~Ratio~~Standard of& ~~3.00~~Poor's toand ~~1.00.~~Ba1 Atby ~~December 31,~~Moody's ~~2024,~~Investor ~~the~~Services. ~~Company~~Standard ~~was~~& inPoor's ~~compliance~~and ~~with~~Moody's ~~such~~Investor ~~covenant~~Services' ~~and~~ratings on the ~~ratio~~Company ~~was~~included ~~7.31~~a tostable 1outlook.~~00.~~

As of December 31, 2024, the Company's credit was rated BB+ by Standard & Poor's and Ba1 by Moody's Investor Services. Standard & Poor's and Moody's Investor Services' ratings on the Company included a stable outlook.

Environmental Matters

Some of the Company’'s current and former facilities are the subject of environmental investigations and remediations resulting from historical operations and the release of hazardous substances or other constituents. Some current and former facilities have a history of industrial usage for which investigation and remediation obligations may be imposed in the future or for which indemnification claims may be asserted against the Company. Also, closures or sales of facilities may necessitate further investigation and may result in remediation at those facilities. The Company has established reserves for those facilities or issues where liability is probable and the costs are reasonably estimable. The Company believes that the amounts accrued for its loss contingencies, and the reasonably possible loss beyond the amounts accrued, are not material to the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

For further discussion of the Company’'s environmental matters, see “Note 14. - Environmental and Legal Matters” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~.~~, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”~~

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International Operations

The Company has packaging facilities ~~and one paperboard manufacturing facility~~ in 20 countries outside of the U.S. and sells its products worldwide. For ~~2024~~2025, before intercompany eliminations, net sales from operations outside of the U.S. represented approximately 3031% of the Company’'s net sales. The Company’'s revenues from export sales fluctuate with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. In addition, at December 31, ~~2024~~2025, approximately 2627% of the Company's total assets were denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Company has significant operations in countries that use the Euro, British pound sterling, Swedish krona, Polish zloty, the Australian dollar, the Canadian dollar, the ~~Mexico~~Mexican peso or the Japanese yen as their functional currencies. The effect of changes in the U.S. dollar exchange rate against these currencies produced a net currency translation adjustment ~~loss~~gain of $~~149~~196 million, which was recorded in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the year ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025. The magnitude and direction of this adjustment in the future depends on the relationship of the U.S. dollar to other currencies. The Company pursues a currency hedging program in order to reduce the impact of foreign currency exchange fluctuations on financial results. See “Financial Instruments” below.

Financial Instruments

The Company pursues a currency hedging program which utilizes derivatives to reduce the impact of foreign currency exchange fluctuations on its consolidated financial results. Under this program, the Company has previously entered into forward exchange contracts in the normal course of business to hedge certain foreign currency denominated transactions. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on these forward contracts are included in the measurement of the basis of the related foreign currency transaction when recorded. The Company also pursues a hedging program that utilizes derivatives designed to manage risks associated with future variability in cash flows and price risk related to future energy cost increases. Under this program, the Company has entered into natural gas swap contracts to hedge a portion of its forecasted natural gas usage for 2025. Realized gains and losses on these contracts are included in the financial results concurrently with the recognition of the commodity consumed. In addition, the Company has used interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risks on future interest payments caused by interest rate changes on its variable rate term loan facility. The Company does not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. See “Item 7A., Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk for additional information.”

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company had $30 38 million of standby letters of credit issued under a separate unsecured facility as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 as disclosed in “Note 5. - Debt” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~included herein under “Item 8~~., ~~Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.~~ The Company does not have any other off-balance sheet arrangements.

~~CRITICAL~~Critical ~~ACCOUNTING~~Accounting ~~JUDGEMENTS~~Judgment ~~AND~~and ~~ESTIMATES~~Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and changes in these estimates are recorded when known. The critical accounting policies used by management in the preparation of the Company’'s consolidated financial statements are those that are important both to the presentation of the Company’'s financial condition and results of operations and require significant judgments by management with regard to estimates used. The critical judgments by management relate to future cash flows associated with impairment testing for goodwill and long-lived assets, and deferred income taxes.

Goodwill

The Company evaluates goodwill for ~~potential~~ impairment annually as of October 1, as well as whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that the fair value of a reporting unit may no longer exceed its carrying amount. ~~Potential impairment of goodwill is measured at the reporting unit level by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount, including goodwill, to the estimated fair value of the reporting unit.~~ As of October 1, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had ~~seven~~five reporting units, ~~five~~four of which had goodwill.

~~Periodically,~~The ~~the~~ Company may perform a qualitative impairment analysis of goodwill associated with each of its reporting units to determine if it is more likely than not that the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeded its fair value. IfThe ~~the~~Company ~~results~~performed ofa ~~the~~quantitative ~~qualitative~~impairment ~~analysis~~test as of ~~any~~October 1, 2025 for each of ~~the~~its reporting units. isThe ~~inconclusive,~~impairment orevaluation ifof ~~significant~~goodwill ~~changes~~is inmeasured at the ~~business~~reporting ~~have~~unit ~~occurred~~level ~~since~~by comparing the ~~last~~reporting ~~quantitative~~unit's ~~impairment~~carrying ~~assessment~~amount, including goodwill, to the ~~Company~~estimated ~~will~~fair ~~perform~~value of the reporting unit. The estimated fair value of each reporting unit is determined by utilizing a ~~quantitative~~cash flow analysis ~~for~~based ~~those~~on the Company's forecasts, discounted using a weighted-average cost of capital and market indicators of terminal year cash flows based upon a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"). If the carrying amount of a reporting ~~units~~unit exceeds its estimated fair value, goodwill is considered impaired.

AsIn ofdetermining ~~October~~fair 1value, ~~2024,~~management ~~the~~considers ~~Company~~a ~~performed~~number aof ~~quantitative~~factors ~~impairment~~in ~~test.~~developing ~~The~~our ~~quantitative~~forecasts ~~analysis~~of ~~involves~~future ~~calculating~~cash ~~the~~flows, ~~fair~~including ~~value~~but not limited to, projections of ~~each~~revenues ~~reporting~~and ~~unit~~EBITDA bymargins, ~~utilizing~~changes ain ~~discounted~~working ~~cash~~capital, ~~flow~~capital expenditures and discount rates, and market data and analysis, including EBITDA exit multiples. These assumptions used are based on ~~the~~what ~~Company’s~~a ~~business~~hypothetical ~~plans,~~market ~~discounted~~participant ~~using~~would ause ~~weighted~~in ~~average~~estimating ~~cost~~fair ofvalue. ~~capital~~Fair ~~and~~value ~~market~~determinations ~~indicators~~are ofsensitive ~~terminal~~to ~~year~~changes ~~cash~~in ~~flows~~the ~~based~~factors ~~upon~~described aabove. ~~multiple~~There ofare ~~earnings~~inherent ~~before~~uncertainties ~~interest,~~related ~~taxes,~~to ~~depreciation~~these factors and ~~amortization~~judgments ~~(“EBITDA”)~~used to estimate the reporting unit fair value and the related analysis of potential goodwill impairment.

Estimating the fair value of the reporting unit involves uncertainties as it requires management to consider a number of factors, including but not limited to, future operating results, business plans, economic projections of revenues and operating margins, estimated future cash flows, and market data and analysis, including market capitalization. Fair value determinations are sensitive to changes in the factors described above. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and judgments used to estimate reporting unit fair value and the related analysis of potential goodwill impairment.28

~~The~~Table ~~variability~~ of the assumptions that management uses to perform the goodwill impairment test depends on a number of conditions, including uncertainty about future events and cash flows. Accordingly, the Company’s accounting estimates may materially change from period to period due to changing market factors. If the Company had used other assumptions and estimates or if different conditions occur in future periods, future operating results and cash flows could be materially impacted, and judgments and conclusions about the recoverability of goodwill could change. The assumptions used in the goodwill impairment testing process could also be adversely impacted by certain of the risks discussed in “Item 1A., Risk Factors” and thus could result in future goodwill impairment charges.Contents

The ~~Company~~variability ~~performed its annual goodwill impairment tests as~~ of ~~October~~the 1,assumptions ~~2024.~~that ~~The~~management ~~Company~~uses ~~concluded~~to ~~that~~perform ~~all~~the ~~reporting~~goodwill ~~units~~impairment ~~with~~test ~~goodwill~~depends ~~have~~on a ~~fair~~number ~~value~~of ~~that~~conditions, ~~exceeded~~including ~~their~~uncertainty ~~carrying~~about ~~value,~~future events and ~~thus~~cash ~~goodwill was not impaired~~flows. ~~The~~Accordingly, ~~discount~~the ~~rate~~Company's ~~used~~accounting ~~for~~estimates ~~each~~may ~~reporting~~materially ~~unit~~change ~~ranged~~ from 7%period to ~~8%,~~period ~~and~~due weto ~~utilized~~changing amarket ~~transaction multiple of 9~~factors.0 ~~times~~Due to ~~calculate~~a ~~terminal~~decrease ~~period~~in ~~cash~~our ~~flows.~~stock ~~The~~price ~~Europe~~and ~~reporting~~market ~~unit~~capitalization ~~had~~in a2025, ~~fair~~the ~~value~~estimated ~~that~~fair ~~exceeded~~values ~~its~~of ~~respective~~our ~~carrying value by 24%, whereas all other~~ reporting units ~~exceeded~~have byalso ~~more~~decreased ~~than~~compared ~~69%~~to prior year. If wethe Company had ~~concluded~~used ~~that~~other itassumptions ~~was~~and ~~appropriate~~estimates toor ~~increase~~if ~~the~~different ~~discount~~conditions ~~rate~~occur wein ~~used~~future byperiods, ~~100~~future ~~basis~~operating ~~points~~results toand ~~estimate~~cash ~~the~~flows ~~fair~~could ~~value~~be ofmaterially ~~our respective reporting units~~impacted, ~~the~~and ~~fair~~judgments ~~value~~and ofconclusions ~~each~~about ~~reporting~~the ~~unit~~recoverability ~~would~~of ~~have~~goodwill ~~continued~~could ~~to exceed its carrying amount~~change. The ~~Europe~~assumptions ~~reporting~~used ~~unit~~in ~~had~~the goodwill ~~totaling~~impairment ~~$500 million.~~testing ~~The~~process ~~Company~~could ~~does~~also ~~not~~be ~~believe~~adversely itimpacted isby ~~likely~~certain ~~that~~of ~~there~~the ~~will~~risks bediscussed ~~material changes~~ in ~~the~~Item ~~assumptions~~1A. orRisk ~~estimates~~Factors ~~used~~and tothus ~~calculate~~could ~~the~~result ~~reporting~~in ~~unit~~future ~~fair~~goodwill ~~values~~impairment charges.

As a result of its annual quantitative impairment test, the Company concluded that all reporting units with goodwill have a fair value that exceeded their carrying value, and thus goodwill was not impaired. The Company had goodwill totaling $2,065 million as of December 31, 2025, of which $939 million, $84 million, $497 million and $545 million is related to the Americas, Foodservice, Paperboard Manufacturing and International reporting units, respectively. Excess fair value over carrying value was approximately 2% for the International reporting unit and 18% for the Foodservice reporting unit. No other reporting units had excess fair value over carrying value below 20%. The discount rate used for each reporting unit was 8% and the Company utilized EBITDA multiples ranging from 6.0 to 9.0 times to calculate terminal period cash flows.

A material change in the fair value or carrying value of our International, Foodservice or Paperboard Manufacturing reporting units may result in impairment of the reporting units. For example, our ability to achieve our projected revenues and targeted EBITDA margins are key assumptions in our estimated future cash flows. If our actual experience in future years falls significantly below our current projections, the fair value of the reporting units could be negatively impacted. Similarly, an increase in interest rates would lower our discounted cash flows and negatively impact the fair value of the reporting units. A decline in the market price of our common stock, resulting in a decrease in our market capitalization may indicate a decline in the fair value of individual reporting units. We believe our projections and assumptions are reasonable based on current market conditions, past performance and other factors but it is possible they could change, impacting our fair value estimate, or the carrying value could change.

If we had changed the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of our International and Foodservice reporting units, which have carrying values of $2,127 million and $877 million, respectively, the impact of these isolated changes, which are reasonably possible to occur, would have led to the following fair value exceeding or being (below) the fair value of these reporting units:


	Discount Rate				EBITDA Exit Multiple				EBITDA Margin
	100-Basis-Points				1.0x				100-Basis-Points
	Increase		Decrease		Increase		Decrease		Increase		Decrease
International Reporting Unit:
% by which fair value exceeds/(below) carrying amount	(1)	%	5	%	12	%	(7)	%	12	%	(7)	%
Foodservice Reporting Unit:
% by which fair value exceeds carrying amount	15	%	21	%	30	%	6	%	30	%	5	%

Recovery of Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates the recovery of its long-lived assets by analyzing operating results and considering significant events or changes in the business environment that may have triggered impairment. The Company reviews long-lived assets (including property, plant and equipment and intangible assets) for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such long-lived assets may not be fully recoverable by undiscounted cash flows. Measurement of the impairment loss, if any, is based on the fair value of the asset, which is determined by an income, cost or market approach.

Deferred Income Taxes and Potential Assessments

According to the Income Taxes topic of the FASB Codification, a valuation allowance is required to be established or maintained when, based on currently available information and other factors, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The FASB Codification provides important factors in determining whether a deferred tax asset will be realized, including whether there has been sufficient taxable income in recent years and whether sufficient income can reasonably be expected in future years in order to utilize the deferred tax asset. The Company has evaluated the need to maintain a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets based on its assessment of whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax benefits would be realized through the generation of future taxable income. Appropriate consideration was given to all available evidence, both positive and negative, in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. In determining whether a valuation allowance is required, many factors are considered, including the specific taxing jurisdiction, the carryforward period, reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, cumulative ~~pretax~~pre-tax book earnings, income tax strategies and forecasted earnings for the entities in each jurisdiction.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company has a valuation allowance of $45 million against its net deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions and against domestic deferred tax assets related to certain federal tax credit carryforwards. As of December 31, 2023, a total valuation allowance of $37 million was recorded. 29

AsTable of December 31, 2024, the Company has provided for deferred U.S. income taxes attributable to future withholding tax expense related to the Company's equity investment in the joint venture, Rengo Riverwood Packaging, Ltd. In addition, the Company provided deferred income taxes for future Canadian withholding tax to the extent of excess cash available for distribution after consideration of working capital needs and other debt settlement of its Canadian subsidiary, Graphic Packaging International Canada, ULC. The Company continues to assert that it is permanently reinvested in the cumulative earnings of its Canadian subsidiary in excess of the amount of cash that is on hand and available for distribution after consideration of working capital needs and other debt settlement. The Company determined that no deferred tax liability should be recorded related to the outside basis difference of its Canadian subsidiary as of December 31, 2024.Contents

~~The~~As ~~Company~~of ~~has~~December 31, ~~not~~2025, ~~provided~~the ~~for~~Company ~~deferred~~has ~~U.S.~~a ~~income~~valuation ~~taxes~~allowance ~~on outside basis differences~~ of ~~approximately~~ $8062 million inagainst its ~~other~~net ~~international~~deferred ~~subsidiaries~~tax ~~because~~assets ofin ~~the~~certain ~~Company’s~~foreign ~~intention~~jurisdictions toand ~~indefinitely~~against ~~reinvest~~domestic ~~its earnings outside the U.S. The determination of the amount of the unrecognized~~ deferred ~~income~~ tax ~~liability~~assets ~~(primarily~~related ~~withholding~~to ~~tax in~~ certain ~~jurisdictions)~~federal onand ~~the~~state ~~unremitted~~tax ~~earnings~~credit orcarryforwards. ~~any~~As ~~other~~of ~~associated~~December 31, ~~outside~~2024, ~~basis~~a ~~differences~~total isvaluation ~~not~~allowance ~~practicable because~~ of ~~the~~$45 million ~~complexities~~was ~~associated with the calculation~~recorded.

~~The~~As of December 31, 2025, the Company has ~~elected~~provided for deferred U.S. income taxes attributable to ~~recognize~~future ~~global~~withholding ~~intangible~~tax ~~low-taxed~~expense ~~income~~related ~~(“GILTI”)~~to asthe aCompany's ~~period~~equity ~~cost~~investment asin ~~incurred~~the joint venture, ~~therefore~~Rengo ~~there~~Riverwood ~~are~~Packaging, noLtd. In addition, the Company provides deferred income taxes ~~recognized~~for future Canadian withholding tax to the extent of excess cash available for ~~basis~~distribution ~~differences~~after ~~that~~consideration ~~are~~of ~~expected~~working capital needs and other debt settlement of its Canadian subsidiary, Graphic Packaging International Canada, ULC. The Company continues to ~~impact~~assert that it is permanently reinvested in the cumulative earnings of its Canadian subsidiary in excess of the amount of cash that is on hand and available for distribution after consideration of working capital needs and other debt settlement. The Company determined that no deferred tax liability should be recorded related to the ~~GILTI~~outside ~~inclusion~~basis ~~upon~~difference ~~reversal~~of its Canadian subsidiary as of December 31, 2025.

~~NEW~~The ~~ACCOUNTING~~Company ~~STANDARDS~~has not provided for deferred U.S. income taxes on outside basis differences in its other international subsidiaries because of the Company's intention to indefinitely reinvest its earnings outside the U.S. The determination of the amount of the unrecognized deferred income tax liability (primarily withholding tax in certain jurisdictions) on the unremitted earnings or any other associated outside basis differences is not practicable because of the complexities associated with the calculation.

~~For~~The aCompany ~~discussion~~has ofelected ~~recent~~to ~~accounting~~recognize ~~pronouncements~~global ~~impacting~~intangible ~~the~~low-taxed ~~Company,~~income ~~see~~("GILTI") ~~“Note 1~~as -a ~~Nature~~period ofcost ~~Business~~as ~~and~~incurred, ~~Summary~~therefore ofthere ~~Significant~~are ~~Accounting~~no ~~Policies”~~deferred intaxes ~~the~~recognized ~~Notes~~for tobasis ~~Consolidated~~differences ~~Financial~~that ~~Statements~~are ~~included~~expected ~~herein~~to ~~under~~impact ~~“Item 8.,~~the ~~Financial~~amount ~~Statements~~of ~~and~~the ~~Supplementary~~GILTI ~~Data~~inclusion upon reversal.”

32New Accounting Standards

~~ITEM~~For 7Aa discussion of recent accounting pronouncements impacting the Company, see Note 1. ~~QUANTITATIVE~~Nature ~~AND~~of ~~QUALITATIVE~~Business ~~DISCLOSURE~~and ~~ABOUT~~Summary ~~MARKET~~of ~~RISK~~Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The Company does not trade or use derivative instruments with the objective of earning financial gains on interest or currency rates, nor does it use leveraged instruments or instruments where there are no underlying exposures identified.

Interest Rates

The Company is exposed to changes in interest rates, primarily as a result of its short-term and long-term debt, which include both fixed and floating rate debt. The Company ~~has~~uses ~~previously used~~ interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risks on future interest payments caused by interest rate changes on its variable rate term loan facilities. At December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had noactive ~~outstanding~~ interest rate ~~swaps~~swap agreements with a notional amount of $500 million expiring in May 2027.

The table below sets forth interest rate sensitivity information related to the Company’'s debt.

Long-Term Debt Principal Amount by Maturity-Average Interest Rate

Expected Maturity Date

In millions

~~2025~~2026

~~2026~~2027

~~2027~~2028

~~2028~~2029

~~2029~~2030

Thereafter

Total

Fair Value

Total Debt

Fixed Rate

$—502

$~~504~~300

$~~300~~1,125

$~~875~~940

$~~650~~500

$~~900~~500

3,~~229~~867

3,~~096~~818

Average Interest Rate

—2.00%

14.9875%

43.7539%

3.1043%

35.1080%

56.2138%

Variable Rate

$1423

$2338

$3537

$~~285~~1,469

$~~1,458~~—

$2—

1,~~817~~567

1,~~798~~563

SOFR+ Spread

~~SOFR+ Spread~~

Net Investment Hedge

On October 29, 2021 and November 19, 2021, the Company drew the full amount of the €210 million delayed draw term loan facility and completed a private offering of €290 million aggregate principal amount of the 2.625% senior unsecured notes due 2029, respectively. The Company designated this Euro-denominated debt as a non-derivative net investment hedge of a portion of ~~our~~its net investment in Euro functional currency denominated subsidiaries to offset currency fluctuations.

Foreign Exchange Rates

The Company also enters into forward exchange contracts to hedge certain other anticipated foreign currency transactions. The purpose of these contracts is to protect the Company from the risk that the eventual functional currency cash flows resulting from anticipated foreign currency transactions will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, there were no amounts reclassified to earnings in connection with forecasted transactions that were no longer considered probable of occurring and there was no amount of ineffectiveness related to changes in the fair value of foreign currency forward contracts. Additionally, there were no amounts excluded from the measure of effectiveness during the year ended December 31, 2025.


Foreign Exchange Rates Contractual Amount by Expected Maturity-Average Contractual Exchange Rate
	December 31, 2025
In millions	Contract Amount(a)
Forward Exchange Agreements:
Receive $US/Pay Euro	$	69
Weighted-average contractual exchange rate	1.2
Receive $US/Pay GBP	$	36
Weighted-average contractual exchange rate	1.3
Receive $US/Pay Yen	$	14
Weighted-average contractual exchange rate	153.6

(a) The fair values of the forward exchange agreements were immaterial as of December 31, 2025.

Table of Contents

Derivatives not Designated as Hedges

The Company enters into forward exchange contracts to effectively hedge substantially all receivables resulting from transactions denominated in foreign currencies. The purpose of these forward exchange contracts is to protect the Company from the risk that the eventual functional currency cash flows resulting from the collection of these receivables will be adversely affected by changes in exchange rates. At December 31, ~~2024~~2025, multiple foreign currency forward exchange contracts existed, with maturities ranging up to eight months. Those forward currency exchange contracts outstanding at December 31, ~~2024~~2025, when aggregated and measured in U.S. dollars at December 31, ~~2024~~2025 contractual rates, had net notional amounts totaling $~~116~~155 million. The Company continuously monitors these forward exchange contracts and adjusts accordingly to minimize the exposure.

Natural Gas Contracts

The Company has hedged a portion of its expected natural gas usage for ~~2025~~2026. The carrying value and fair value of the natural gas swap contracts is a net ~~asset~~liability of $1 5 million as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025. Such contracts are designated as cash flow hedges and are accounted for by deferring the quarterly change in fair value of the outstanding contracts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss in Shareholders’' Equity. The resulting gain or loss is reclassified into Cost of Sales concurrently with the recognition of the commodity consumed.

Table of Contents

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Index to Financial Statements




Graphic Packaging Holding Company
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025			34
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025			35
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024			36
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025			37
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025			38
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			39
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP PCAOB ID No. 238)			77

~~ITEM~~Table 8.of ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA~~Contents

~~INDEX~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~FINANCIAL~~Holding ~~STATEMENTS~~Company

			Page
GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024			35
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024			36
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023			37
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024			38
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024			39
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			40
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP PCAOB ID No. 238)			76

Consolidated Statements of Operations


	Year Ended December 31,
In millions, except per share amounts	2025		2024		2023
Net Sales	$	8,617	$	8,807	$	9,428
Cost of Sales	7,015		6,845		7,311
Selling, General and Administrative	704		774		805
Other Expense, Net	53		64		64
Business Combinations, Exit Activities and Other Special Items, Net	41		5		74
Income from Operations	804		1,119		1,174
Nonoperating Pension and Postretirement Benefit Expense	(2)		(3)		(3)
Interest Expense, Net	(220)		(230)		(239)
Income before Income Taxes and Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity	582		886		932
Income Tax Expense	(139)		(229)		(210)
Income before Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity	443		657		722
Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity	1		1		1
Net Income	$	444	$	658	$	723

Net Income Per Share – Basic	$	1.48	$	2.16	$	2.35
Net Income Per Share – Diluted	$	1.48	$	2.16	$	2.34

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~CONSOLIDATED~~Graphic ~~STATEMENTS~~Packaging OFHolding ~~OPERATIONS~~Company

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions, except per share amounts	2024		2023		2022
Net Sales	$	8,807	$	9,428	$	9,440
Cost of Sales	6,845		7,311		7,610
Selling, General and Administrative	774		805		774
Other Expense, Net	64		64		19
Business Combinations, Exit Activities and Other Special Items, Net	5		74		131
Income from Operations	1,119		1,174		906
Nonoperating Pension and Postretirement Benefit (Expense) Income	(3)		(3)		7
Interest Expense, Net	(230)		(239)		(197)
Income before Income Taxes and Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity	886		932		716
Income Tax Expense	(229)		(210)		(194)
Income before Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity	657		722		522
Equity Income of Unconsolidated Entity	1		1		—
Net Income	$	658	$	723	$	522
Net Income Per Share - Basic	$	2.16	$	2.35	$	1.69
Net Income Per Share - Diluted	$	2.16	$	2.34	$	1.69

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income


	December 31,
In millions	2025		2024		2023
Net Income	$	444	$	658	$	723
Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net of Tax:
Derivative Instruments	(6)		7		3
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans	3		—		(4)
Currency Translation Adjustment	196		(149)		65
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax	193		(142)		64
Total Comprehensive Income	$	637	$	516	$	787

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~CONSOLIDATED~~Graphic ~~STATEMENTS~~Packaging OFHolding ~~COMPREHENSIVE INCOME~~Company

Year Ended December 31, 2024
In millions	Graphic Packaging Holding Company		Noncontrolling Interest		Total
Net Income	$	658	$	—	$	658
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Derivative Instruments	7		—		7
Currency Translation Adjustment	(149)		—		(149)
Total Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax	(142)		—		(142)
Total Comprehensive Income	$	516	$	—	$	516
Year Ended December 31, 2023
In millions	Graphic Packaging Holding Company		Noncontrolling Interest		Total
Net Income	$	723	$	—	$	723
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Derivative Instruments	3		—		3
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans	(4)		—		(4)
Currency Translation Adjustment	65		—		65
Total Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax	64		—		64
Total Comprehensive Income	$	787	$	—	$	787

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Year Ended December 31, 2022
	December 31,
In millions	Graphic Packaging Holding Company		Noncontrolling Interest		Total
In millions, except share and per share amounts	2025		2024
Net Income	$	522	$	—	$	522
Assets
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Current Assets:
Derivative Instruments	4		—		4
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	261	$	157
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans	(9)		—		(9)
Receivables, Net	760		759
Currency Translation Adjustment	(148)		(1)		(149)
Inventories, Net	1,766		1,754
Total Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax	(153)		(1)		(154)
Assets Held for Sale	10		15
Total Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	369	$	(1)	$	368
Other Current Assets	126		99
Total Current Assets	2,923		2,784
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	5,669		5,258
Goodwill	2,065		1,993
Intangible Assets, Net	670		667
Other Assets	448		442
Total Assets	$	11,775	$	11,144
Liabilities
Current Liabilities:
Short-Term Debt and Current Portion of Long-Term Debt	$	549	$	39
Accounts Payable	1,027		1,116
Compensation and Employee Benefits	180		176
Interest Payable	75		73
Other Accrued Liabilities	413		499
Total Current Liabilities	2,244		1,903
Long-Term Debt	5,022		5,145
Deferred Income Tax Liabilities	688		613
Accrued Pension and Postretirement Benefits	93		94
Other Noncurrent Liabilities	391		376
Commitments (Note 13)
Shareholders' Equity
Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding	—		—
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 295,128,049 and 300,163,372 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively	3		3
Capital in Excess of Par Value	1,981		2,054
Retained Earnings	1,614		1,410
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	(262)		(455)
Total Graphic Packaging Holding Company Shareholders' Equity	3,336		3,012
Noncontrolling Interest	1		1
Total Equity	3,337		3,013
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$	11,775	$	11,144

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~CONSOLIDATED~~Graphic ~~BALANCE~~Packaging ~~SHEETS~~Holding Company

	December 31,
In millions, except share and per share amounts	2024		2023
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	157	$	162
Receivables, Net	759		835
Inventories, Net	1,754		1,754
Other Current Assets	99		94
Assets Held for Sale	15		—
Total Current Assets	2,784		2,845
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	5,258		4,992
Goodwill	1,993		2,103
Intangible Assets, Net	667		820
Other Assets	442		415
Total Assets	$	11,144	$	11,175
LIABILITIES
Current Liabilities:
Short-Term Debt and Current Portion of Long-Term Debt	$	39	$	764
Accounts Payable	1,116		1,094
Compensation and Employee Benefits	176		273
Interest Payable	73		63
Other Accrued Liabilities	499		395
Total Current Liabilities	1,903		2,589
Long-Term Debt	5,145		4,609
Deferred Income Tax Liabilities	613		731
Accrued Pension and Postretirement Benefits	94		104
Other Noncurrent Liabilities	376		360
Commitments (Note 13)
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding	—		—
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 300,163,372 and 306,058,815 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	3		3
Capital in Excess of Par Value	2,054		2,062
Retained Earnings	1,410		1,029
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	(455)		(313)
Total Graphic Packaging Holding Company Shareholders' Equity	3,012		2,781
Noncontrolling Interest	1		1
Total Equity	3,013		2,782
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$	11,144	$	11,175

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity


	Common Stock			Capital in Excess of Par Value		(Accumulated Deficit) Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Noncontrolling Interests		Total Equity
In millions, except share amounts	Shares	Amount
Balances at December 31, 2022	307,116,089	$	3	$	2,054	$	469	$	(377)	$	1	$	2,150
Net Income	—	—		—		723		—		—		723
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Derivative Instruments	—	—		—		—		3		—		3
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans	—	—		—		—		(4)		—		(4)
Currency Translation Adjustment	—	—		—		—		65		—		65
Repurchase of Common Stock	(2,389,224)	—		(14)		(40)		—		—		(54)
Dividends Declared	—	—		—		(123)		—		—		(123)
Recognition of Stock-Based Compensation	—	—		22		—		—		—		22
Issuance of Shares for Stock-Based Awards	1,331,950	—		—		—		—		—		—
Balances at December 31, 2023	306,058,815	$	3	$	2,062	$	1,029	$	(313)	$	1	$	2,782
Net Income	—	—		—		658		—		—		658
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Derivative Instruments	—	—		—		—		7		—		7

Currency Translation Adjustment	—	—		—		—		(149)		—		(149)
Repurchase of Common Stock	(7,243,734)	—		(46)		(156)		—		—		(202)
Dividends Declared	—	—		—		(121)		—		—		(121)
Recognition of Stock-Based Compensation	—	—		38		—		—		—		38
Issuance of Shares for Stock-Based Awards	1,348,291	—		—		—		—		—		—
Balances at December 31, 2024	300,163,372	$	3	$	2,054	$	1,410	$	(455)	$	1	$	3,013
Net Income	—	—		—		444		—		—		444
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Derivative Instruments	—	—		—		—		(6)		—		(6)
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans	—	—		—		—		3		—		3
Currency Translation Adjustment	—	—		—		—		196		—		196
Repurchase of Common Stock	(6,765,249)	—		(41)		(109)		—		—		(150)
Dividends Declared	—	—		—		(131)		—		—		(131)


Recognition of Stock-Based Compensation	—	—		(32)		—		—		—		(32)
Issuance of Shares for Stock-Based Awards	1,729,926	—		—		—		—		—		—
Balances at December 31, 2025	295,128,049	$	3	$	1,981	$	1,614	$	(262)	$	1	$	3,337

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~CONSOLIDATED~~Graphic ~~STATEMENTS~~Packaging OFHolding ~~SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY~~Company

	Common Stock			Capital in Excess of Par Value		(Accumulated Deficit) Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Noncontrolling Interests		Total Equity
In millions, except share amounts	Shares	Amount
Balances at December 31, 2021	307,103,551	$	3	$	2,046	$	66	$	(224)	$	2	$	1,893
Net Income	—	—		—		522		—		—		522
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Derivative Instruments	—	—		—		—		4		—		4
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans	—	—		—		—		(9)		—		(9)
Currency Translation Adjustment	—	—		—		—		(148)		(1)		(149)
Repurchase of Common Stock	(1,315,839)	—		(8)		(20)		—		—		(28)
Dividends Declared	—	—		—		(99)		—		—		(99)
Recognition of Stock-Based Compensation	—	—		16		—		—		—		16
Issuance of Shares for Stock-Based Awards	1,328,377	—		—		—		—		—		—
Balances at December 31, 2022	307,116,089	$	3	$	2,054	$	469	$	(377)	$	1	$	2,150
Net Income	—	—		—		723		—		—		723
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Derivative Instruments	—	—		—		—		3		—		3
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans	—	—		—		—		(4)		—		(4)
Currency Translation Adjustment	—	—		—		—		65		—		65
Repurchase of Common Stock	(2,389,224)	—		(14)		(40)		—		—		(54)
Dividends Declared	—	—		—		(123)		—		—		(123)
Recognition of Stock-Based Compensation	—	—		22		—		—		—		22
Issuance of Shares for Stock-Based Awards	1,331,950	—		—		—		—		—		—
Balances at December 31, 2023	306,058,815	$	3	$	2,062	$	1,029	$	(313)	$	1	$	2,782
Net Income	—	—		—		658		—		—		658
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Derivative Instruments	—	—		—		—		7		—		7
Currency Translation Adjustment	—	—		—		—		(149)		—		(149)
Repurchase of Common Stock	(7,243,734)	—		(46)		(156)		—		—		(202)
Dividends Declared	—	—		—		(121)		—		—		(121)
Recognition of Stock-Based Compensation	—	—		38		—		—		—		38
Issuance of Shares for Stock-Based Awards	1,348,291	—		—		—		—		—		—
Balances at December 31, 2024	300,163,372	$	3	$	2,054	$	1,410	$	(455)	$	1	$	3,013

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	2025		2024		2023
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net Income	$	444	$	658	$	723

Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities:
Depreciation and Amortization	536		557		619
Amortization of Deferred Debt Issuance Costs	6		6		6
Deferred Income Taxes	107		(119)		22
Amount of Postretirement Expense Less Than Funding	(5)		(3)		(5)
Gain on Disposal of Business	—		(75)		—
Asset Impairment Charges	—		—		29
Share-Based Compensation Expense, Net	2		62		44
Other, Net	(36)		23		14
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities, Net of Acquisitions (See Note 3)	(213)		(269)		(308)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	841		840		1,144

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Capital Spending	(922)		(1,203)		(804)

Acquisition of Businesses, Net of Cash Acquired	(29)		—		(361)
Proceeds from the Sale of Business and Properties	45		711		—
Beneficial Interest on Sold Receivables	275		250		184
Beneficial Interest Obtained in Exchange for Proceeds	(104)		(98)		(45)
Other, Net	3		(2)		1
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(732)		(342)		(1,025)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Repurchase of Common Stock	(150)		(200)		(54)
Payments on Debt	(14)		(23)		(26)
Proceeds from Issuance of Debt	99		750		—
Retirement of Long-Term Debt	—		(700)		—
Borrowings under Revolving Credit Facilities	3,397		4,584		4,449
Payments on Revolving Credit Facilities	(3,171)		(4,747)		(4,314)
Debt Issuance Costs	(2)		(9)		—
Repurchase of Common Stock related to Share-Based Payments	(34)		(25)		(22)
Dividends Paid	(128)		(122)		(123)
Other, Net	(15)		3		(16)
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities	(18)		(489)		(106)

Increase in cash and cash equivalents, including cash classified within assets held for sale	91		9		13
Less: Cash reclassified to Assets Held for Sale	—		1		—
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash	13		(15)		(1)
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents	104		(5)		12
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year	157		162		150
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year	$	261	$	157	$	162

Non-cash Investing Activities:
Beneficial Interest Obtained in Exchange for Trade Receivables	$	159	$	160	$	141
Right-of-Use Assets Obtained in Exchange for New Operating Lease Liabilities	$	86	$	104	$	70

Non-cash Financing Activities:
Right-of-Use Assets Obtained in Exchange for New Finance Lease Liabilities	$	—	$	1	$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~CONSOLIDATED~~Graphic ~~STATEMENTS~~Packaging OFHolding ~~CASH FLOWS~~Company

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	2024		2023		2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net Income	$	658	$	723	$	522
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities:
Depreciation and Amortization	557		619		553
Amortization of Deferred Debt Issuance Costs	6		6		9
Deferred Income Taxes	(119)		22		131
Amount of Postretirement Expense Less Than Funding	(3)		(5)		(18)
Gain on Disposal of Business	(75)		—		—
Asset Impairment Charges	—		29		96
Share Based Compensation Expense	62		44		34
Other, Net	23		14		(19)
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities, Net of Acquisitions (See Note 3)	(269)		(308)		(218)
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	840		1,144		1,090
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Capital Spending	(1,169)		(781)		(522)
Packaging Machinery Spending	(34)		(23)		(27)
Acquisition of Businesses, Net of Cash Acquired	—		(361)		—
Proceeds from the Sale of Business	711		—		—
Beneficial Interest on Sold Receivables	250		184		125
Beneficial Interest Obtained in Exchange for Proceeds	(98)		(45)		(6)
Other, Net	(2)		1		(5)
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(342)		(1,025)		(435)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repurchase of Common Stock	(200)		(54)		(28)
Payments on Debt	(23)		(26)		(14)
Proceeds from Issuance of Debt	750		—		—
Retirement of Long-Term Debt	(700)		—		(250)
Borrowings under Revolving Credit Facilities	4,584		4,449		3,929
Payments on Revolving Credit Facilities	(4,747)		(4,314)		(4,195)
Debt Issuance Costs	(9)		—		—
Repurchase of Common Stock related to Share-Based Payments	(25)		(22)		(18)
Dividends Paid	(122)		(123)		(92)
Other, Net	3		(16)		2
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities	(489)		(106)		(666)
Increase (Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, including cash classified within assets held for sale	9		13		(11)
Less: Cash reclassified to Assets Held for Sale	1		—		5
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash	(15)		(1)		(6)
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents	(5)		12		(22)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year	162		150		172
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year	$	157	$	162	$	150
Non-cash Investing Activities:
Beneficial Interest Obtained in Exchange for Trade Receivables	$	160	$	141	$	118
Right-of-Use Assets Obtained in Exchange for New Operating Lease Liabilities	$	104	$	70	$	52
Non-cash Financing Activities:
Right-of-Use Assets Obtained in Exchange for New Finance Lease Liabilities	$	1	$	—	$	42

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

~~The~~Note ~~accompanying~~1. ~~notes~~Nature ~~are~~of anBusiness ~~integral~~and ~~part~~Summary of ~~the~~Significant ~~consolidated~~Accounting ~~financial statements.~~Policies

GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 — NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Business

Graphic Packaging Holding Company (“"GPHC”" and, together with its subsidiaries, the “"Company”") is committed to ~~providing~~creating consumer packaging that makes a world of difference. The Company, a leading sustainable consumer packaging provider, operates on a global basis, is one of the largest producers of cartons and containers for the packaging of consumer goods and paperboard-based foodservice packaging solutions in the United States (“"U.S.”") and Europe, and holds leading market positions in paperboard used to produce consumer packaging solutions, including recycled, unbleached and bleached paperboard.

The Company’'s customers include many of the world’'s most widely recognized companies and brands with prominent market positions in beverage, food, foodservice and other consumer products. The Company strives to provide innovative paperboard packaging solutions preferred by consumers. The Company delivers marketing and performance benefits to its customers through its global packaging network, its proprietary carton and packaging designs, and its commitment to quality, service, and environmental stewardship.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The Company’'s Consolidated Financial Statements include all subsidiaries in which the Company has the ability to exercise direct or indirect control over operating and financial policies. Intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.

The Company is a party to a Japanese joint venture, Rengo Riverwood Packaging, Ltd. in which it holds a 50% ownership interest that is accounted for using the equity method.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“"U.S. GAAP”") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and changes in these estimates are recorded when known. Estimates are used in accounting for, among other things, pension benefits, retained insurable risks, slow-moving and obsolete inventory, allowance for doubtful accounts, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, impairment testing of goodwill and long-lived assets, fair values related to acquisition accounting, fair value of derivative financial instruments, share -based compensation, deferred income tax assets and potential income tax assessments, and loss contingencies.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include bank deposits and other marketable securities that are highly liquid with maturities of three months or less.

Accounts Receivable and Allowances

Accounts receivable are stated at the amount owed by the customer, net of an allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts, returns and allowances, and cash discounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on historical experience, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions and the creditworthiness of customers. Receivables are charged to the allowance when determined to be no longer collectible.

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~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

~~The~~Notes ~~Company has entered into agreements~~ to ~~sell,~~Consolidated on a revolving basis, certain trade accounts receivable to third party financial institutions. Transfers under these agreements meet the requirements to be accounted for as sales in accordance with the Transfers and Servicing topic of the Financial ~~Accounting~~Statements ~~Standards~~- ~~Board~~ (~~“FASB”~~Continued) Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”). The loss on sale is included in Other Expense, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The following table summarizes the activity under these programs for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	2024		2023
Receivables Sold and Derecognized	$	3,572	$	3,696
Proceeds Collected on Behalf of Financial Institutions	3,562		3,646
Net Proceeds Received from Financial Institutions	15		28
Deferred Purchase Price at December 31(a)	5		1
Pledged Receivables at December 31	131		150

The Company engages with third-party financial institutions to sell certain trade accounts receivable from customers. Transfers under these agreements meet the requirements to be accounted for as sales of receivables in accordance with the Transfers and Servicing topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification (the "Codification"). The receivables sold are reflected as a reduction of accounts receivable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at the time of sale. The corresponding proceeds are reflected in Cash Flows from Operating Activities within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Receivables related to the Company's European program are sold in exchange for cash and a Beneficial Interest, therefore, a portion of the proceeds are reflected as "Beneficial Interest on Sold Receivables" and "Beneficial Interest Obtained in Exchange for Proceeds" in Cash Flows from Investing Activities within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The loss on sale for all programs is included in Other Expense, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The following table summarizes the activity under these programs for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:


	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	2025		2024
Receivables Sold and Derecognized	$	3,606	$	3,572
Proceeds Collected on Behalf of Financial Institutions	3,572		3,562
Net Proceeds Received from Financial Institutions	24		15
Deferred Purchase Price at December 31(a)	1		5
Pledged Receivables at December 31	121		131

Receivables sold under all programs subject to continuing involvement, which consists principally of collection services, were $~~778~~ 814 million and $~~770~~ 778 million as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively.

The fees associated with the sale of receivables for all programs were $57 million and $64 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and are included in Other Expense, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Accounts Payable and Supplier Finance Program

The Company has arranged a supplier finance program (“"SFP”") with a financial intermediary, which provides certain suppliers the option to be paid by the financial intermediary earlier than the due date on the applicable invoice. The transactions are at the sole discretion of both the suppliers and financial institution, and GPHC is not a party to the agreements and has no economic interest in the supplier’'s decision to sell a receivable. The range of payment terms negotiated by the Company with its suppliers is consistent, irrespective of whether a supplier participates in the program. The agreement with the financial intermediary does not require GPHC to provide assets pledged as security or other forms of guarantees for the ~~supplier finance program~~SFP. Amounts due to the Company’'s suppliers that elected to participate in the SFP ~~program~~ are included in Accounts Payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and payments made under the SFP ~~program~~ are reflected in Cash Flows from Operating Activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The activity of the Company's outstanding obligations confirmed as valid under its SFP for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, is as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Confirmed Obligations Outstanding at the Beginning of the Year	$	30	$	3430
Invoices Confirmed During the Year	~~108~~105		~~117~~108
Confirmed Invoices Paid During the Year	(108)		(~~121~~108)
Confirmed Obligations Outstanding at the End of the Year	$	3027	$	30

Non-cash additions to Property, Plant and Equipment, Net included within Accounts Payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets were $~~198~~79 million, $~~145~~198 million, and $55145 million as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively.

Table of Contents

Graphic Packaging Holding Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company’'s cash, cash equivalents, and accounts receivable are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Cash and cash equivalents are placed with financial institutions that management believes are of high credit quality. Accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers located in the U.S. and internationally and generally do not require collateral. For the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023,~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, no customer accounted for more than 10% of net sales.

GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value with cost determined based on standard (which approximates actual), average or actual cost. Work in progress and finished goods inventories are valued at the cost of raw material consumed plus direct manufacturing costs (such as labor, utilities and supplies) as incurred and an applicable portion of manufacturing overhead. Inventories are stated net of an allowance for slow-moving and obsolete inventory.

Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Improvements, renewals and extraordinary repairs that extend the life of the asset are capitalized; other repairs and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred. The Company’'s cost and related accumulated depreciation applicable to assets retired or sold are removed from the accounts and the gain or loss on disposition is included in income from operations.

Interest is capitalized on assets under construction for one year or longer with an estimated spending of $1 million or more. The capitalized interest is recorded as part of the asset to which it relates and is amortized over the asset’'s estimated useful life. Capitalized interest was $3452 million, $834 million and $58 million for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively.

The Company assesses its long-lived assets, including certain identifiable intangibles, for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. To analyze recoverability, the Company projects future cash flows, undiscounted and before interest, over the remaining life of such assets. If these projected cash flows are less than the carrying amount, an impairment would be recognized, resulting in a write-down of assets with a corresponding charge to earnings. The impairment loss is measured based upon the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the assets. The Company assesses the appropriateness of the useful life of its long-lived assets periodically.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the following estimated useful lives of the related assets:


Buildings			40 years
Land improvements			15 years
Machinery and equipment			3 to 40 years
Furniture and fixtures			10 years
Automobiles, trucks and tractors			3 to 5 years

Depreciation expense, including the depreciation expense of assets under finance leases, for ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 was $~~463~~467 million, $~~528~~463 million and $~~463~~528 million, respectively.

Intangible Assets and Amortization

Intangible assets with a determinable life are amortized on a straight-line or accelerated basis over their useful lives. The amortization expense for each intangible asset is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations according to the nature of that asset.

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~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

~~Goodwill~~Notes ~~is the Company’s only intangible asset not subject~~ to ~~amortization.~~Consolidated ~~The~~Financial ~~following~~Statements ~~table~~- ~~displays the intangible assets that continue to be subject to amortization and accumulated amortization expense as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:~~(Continued)

	December 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
In millions	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Amortizable Intangible Assets:
Customer Relationships	$	1,470	$	(855)	$	615	$	1,574	$	(796)	$	778
Non-Compete Agreements	3		(1)		2		3		—		3
Patents, Trademarks, Licenses, Leases and Developed Technology	170		(120)		50		157		(118)		39
Total	$	1,643	$	(976)	$	667	$	1,734	$	(914)	$	820

Goodwill is the Company's only intangible asset not subject to amortization. The following table displays the intangible assets that continue to be subject to amortization and accumulated amortization expense as of December 31, 2025 and 2024:

The Company recorded amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 of $94 million, $91 million and $90 million, respectively. The Company expects amortization expense for the next five consecutive years to be approximately as follows: $57 million, $52 million, $51 million, $49 million, and $48 million.


	December 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
In millions	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Customer Relationships	$	1,567	$	(942)	$	625	$	1,470	$	(855)	$	615
Non-Compete Agreements	3		(2)		1		3		(1)		2
Patents, Trademarks, Licenses, Leases and Developed Technology	164		(120)		44		170		(120)		50
Total	$	1,734	$	(1,064)	$	670	$	1,643	$	(976)	$	667

The Company recorded amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 of $69 million, $94 million and $91 million, respectively. The Company expects amortization expense for the next five consecutive years to be approximately as follows: $64 million, $63 million, $61 million, $59 million, and $57 million.

Goodwill

The Company ~~tests~~evaluates goodwill for impairment annually as of October 1, as well as whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that the ~~estimated~~ fair value of a reporting unit may no longer exceed its carrying amount.

The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is an operating segment or a level below an operating segment, which is referred to as a component. A component of an operating segment is a reporting unit if the component constitutes a business for which discrete financial information is available and management regularly reviews the operating results of that component. Two or more components of an operating segment are aggregated and deemed a single reporting unit if the components have similar economic characteristics. As of October 1, 2025, the Company had five reporting units, four of which had goodwill.

~~Potential~~The ~~goodwill~~Company ~~impairment~~may isperform ~~measured~~a atqualitative ~~the~~impairment ~~reporting~~analysis ~~unit~~of ~~level by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount (including~~ goodwill), toassociated ~~the~~with ~~fair~~each ~~value~~ of ~~the~~its reporting ~~unit.~~units ~~When~~to ~~performing~~determine ~~the~~if ~~quantitative~~it ~~analysis, the estimated fair value of each reporting unit~~ is ~~determined~~more bylikely ~~utilizing~~than anot ~~discounted~~that ~~cash flow analysis based on~~ the ~~Company’s forecasts, discounted using a weighted average cost of capital and market indicators of terminal year cash flows based upon a multiple of EBITDA. If the~~ carrying ~~amount~~value of a reporting unit ~~exceeds~~exceeded its ~~estimated~~ fair value~~, goodwill is considered impaired~~. InThe ~~determining~~Company ~~fair~~performed ~~value, management relies on and considers~~ a ~~number~~quantitative ofimpairment ~~factors,~~test ~~including~~as ~~but not limited to, future operating results, business plans, economic projections~~ of ~~revenues~~October ~~and operating margins~~1, ~~forecasts including future cash flows, and market data and analysis, including market capitalization~~2025. The assumptions used are based on what a hypothetical market participant would use in estimating fair value. Fair value determinations are sensitive to changes in the factors described above. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and judgments in applying them to the analysis of goodwill impairment.

~~Periodically,~~The ~~the~~impairment ~~Company~~evaluation ~~may~~of ~~perform~~goodwill ais ~~qualitative~~measured ~~impairment~~at ~~analysis~~the ofreporting ~~goodwill~~unit ~~associated~~level ~~with~~by ~~each~~comparing ofthe ~~its~~ reporting ~~units~~unit's tocarrying ~~determine~~amount, ifincluding itgoodwill, isto ~~more~~the ~~likely~~estimated ~~than~~fair ~~not~~value ~~that~~of the ~~carrying~~reporting unit. The estimated fair value of aeach reporting unit ~~exceeded~~is ~~its~~determined ~~fair~~by ~~value.~~utilizing ~~However,~~a cash flow analysis based on the Company's ~~performed~~forecasts, discounted using a ~~quantitative~~weighted-average ~~impairment~~cost ~~test~~of ascapital and market indicators of ~~October~~terminal 1,year ~~2024,~~cash ~~and~~flows ~~concluded~~based ~~goodwill~~upon ~~was~~a ~~not~~multiple ~~impaired~~of ~~for~~EBITDA. ~~any~~If the carrying amount of ~~its~~a reporting ~~units~~unit exceeds its estimated fair value, goodwill is considered impaired.

In determining fair value, management considers a number of factors in developing our forecasts of future cash flows, including but not limited to, economic projections of revenues and EBITDA margins, changes in working capital, capital expenditures and discount rates, and market data and analysis, including EBITDA exit multiples. The assumptions used are based on what a hypothetical market participant would use in estimating fair value. Fair value determinations are sensitive to changes in the factors described above. The assumptions used are based on what a hypothetical market participant would use in estimating fair value. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and judgments used to estimate the reporting unit fair value and the related analysis of potential goodwill impairment.

A material change in the fair value or carrying value of our International, Foodservice or Paperboard Manufacturing reporting units may result in impairment of the reporting units. For example, our ability to achieve our projected revenues and targeted EBITDA margins are key assumptions in our estimated future cash flows. If our actual experience in future years falls significantly below our current projections, the fair value of the reporting unit could be negatively impacted. Similarly, an increase in interest rates would lower our discounted cash flows and negatively impact the fair value of the reporting unit. A decline in the market price of our common stock, resulting in a decrease in our market capitalization may indicate a decline in the fair value of individual reporting units. We believe our projections and assumptions are reasonable based on current market conditions, past performance and other factors but it is possible they could change, impacting our fair value estimate, or the carrying value could change.

Table of Contents

Graphic Packaging Holding Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following is a rollforward of goodwill by reportable segment:

In millions	Americas Paperboard Packaging		~~Europe~~International Paperboard Packaging		~~Paperboard~~Corporate ~~Manufacturing~~and Other		~~Corporate/Other(a)~~Total		~~Total~~
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	980	$	481	$	506	$	12	$	1,979
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	1,028	$	510	$	565	$	2,103
Acquisition of Businesses(b)	42		—		59		—		101
Acquisition Adjustments(a)	(2)		—		—		(2)
Foreign Currency Effects	6		18		—		(1)		23
Disposal of Business(b)	—		—		(68)		(68)
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	1,028	$	499	$	565	$	11	$	2,103
Foreign Currency Effects	(9)		(31)		—		(40)
Acquisition of Businesses(b)	(2)		—		—		—		(2)
Balance at December 31, 2024	$	1,017	$	479	$	497	$	1,993
Disposal of business(c)	—		—		(68)		—		(68)
Foreign Currency Effects	6		66		—		72
Foreign Currency Effects	(9)		(30)		—		(1)		(40)
Balance at December 31, 2025	$	1,023	$	545	$	497	$	2,065
Balance at December 31, 2024	$	1,017	$	469	$	497	$	10	$	1,993

(a) ~~Includes~~Represents ~~Australia~~goodwill ~~operating~~and ~~segment~~final purchase accounting adjustments recorded for Bell. (see Note 4. Business Combinations).

(b) ~~Represents~~Relates ~~goodwill~~to ~~and~~the ~~final~~Augusta ~~purchase~~Divestiture ~~accounting~~(see ~~adjustments~~Note ~~recorded~~19. ~~for Bell and Tama, respectively~~Divestitures).

(c) Relates to the Company's divestiture of its Augusta Paperboard Manufacturing Facility (see "Note 19 - Divestitures").

GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Asset Retirement Obligations

Asset retirement obligations are accounted for in accordance with the provisions of the Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations topic of the FASB Codification. A liability and asset are recorded equal to the present value of the estimated costs associated with the retirement of long-lived assets where a legal or contractual obligation exists and the liability can be reasonably estimated. The liability is accreted over time and the asset is depreciated over the remaining life of the asset. Upon settlement of the liability, the Company will recognize a gain or loss for any difference between the settlement amount and the liability recorded. Asset retirement obligations with indeterminate settlement dates are not recorded until such time that a reasonable estimate may be made. The Company's asset retirement obligations consist primarily of landfill closure and post-closure costs at certain of ~~our~~its paperboard manufacturing facilities. At December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, the Company had liabilities of $12 million and $1412 million, respectively. The liabilities are primarily reflected as Other Noncurrent Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

International Currency

The functional currency of the international subsidiaries is usually the local currency for the country in which the subsidiaries own their primary assets. The translation of the applicable currencies into U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using an average exchange rate during the period. Any related translation adjustments are recorded directly to a separate component of Shareholders’' Equity, unless there is a sale or substantially complete liquidation of the underlying foreign investments. Gains and losses on foreign currency transactions are included in Other Expense, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, for the period in which the exchange rate changes.

Revenue Recognition

The Company ~~has~~manufactures ~~two primary activities, manufacturing~~ and ~~the~~converts ~~converting of~~ paperboard for and into consumer packaging made from renewable ~~resources~~or recycled materials, from which it generates revenue from contracts with customers. Revenue is disaggregated primarily by geography ~~and type of activity~~ as further explained in “Note 15. - Business Segment and Geographic Area Information.” All reportable segments and the ~~Australia~~Paperboard ~~and~~Manufacturing ~~Pacific Rim~~ operating ~~segments~~segment recognize revenue under the same method, allocate transaction price using similar methods, and have similar economic factors impacting the uncertainty of revenue and related cash flows.

Revenue is recognized on the Company's annual and multi-year supply contracts when the Company satisfies the performance obligation by transferring control over the product or service to a customer, which is generally based on shipping terms and passage of title under the point-in-time method of recognition. For the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, the Company recognized $8,~~775~~581 million, $98,~~383~~775 million and $9,~~410~~383 million, respectively, of revenue from contracts with customers.

The transaction price allocated to each performance obligation consists of the stand-alone selling price, estimates of rebates and other sales or contract renewal incentives, and cash discounts and sales returns (“"Variable Consideration”") and excludes sales tax. Estimates are made for Variable Consideration based on contract terms and historical experience of actual results and are applied to the performance obligations as they are satisfied. Purchases by the Company’'s principal customers are manufactured and shipped with minimal lead time, therefore performance obligations are generally satisfied shortly after manufacturing and shipment. The Company uses standard payment terms that are consistent with industry practice.

The Company's contract assets consist primarily of contract renewal incentive payments to customers which are amortized over the period in which performance obligations related to the contract renewal are satisfied. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, contract assets were $24 million and $28 million, respectively. The Company's contract liabilities consist principally of rebates, and as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $69 million and $60 million, respectively. 43

Table of Contents

Graphic Packaging Holding Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The Company's contract assets consist primarily of contract renewal incentive payments to customers which are amortized over the period in which performance obligations related to the contract renewal are satisfied. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, contract assets were $21 million and $24 million, respectively. The Company's contract liabilities consist principally of rebates, and as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 were $59 million and $69 million, respectively.

Retained Insurable Risks

It is the Company’'s policy to self-insure or fund a portion of certain expected losses related to group health benefits and workers’' compensation claims. Provisions for expected losses are recorded based on the Company’'s estimates, on an undiscounted basis, of the aggregate liabilities for known claims and estimated claims incurred but not reported.

Shipping and Handling

The Company includes shipping and handling costs in Cost of Sales.

GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Research and Development

Research and development costs, which relate primarily to the development and design of new packaging machines and products and are recorded as a component of Selling, General and Administrative expenses, are expensed as incurred. Expenses for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 were $1719 million, $1617 million, and $1416 million, respectively.

Business Combinations, Exit Activities and Other Special Items, Net

The following table summarizes the transactions recorded in Business Combinations, Exit Activities and Other Special Items, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the ~~year~~years ended December 31:

In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024		~~2022~~2023
Charges Associated with Business Combinations(a)	$	2	$	4	$	23
Exit Activities(a)	$	43	$	54	$	47
Exit Activities(b)	54		47		10
Charges/(Gains) Associated with a Divestiture(b)	1		(66)		14
(Gains)/Charges Associated with a Divestiture(c)	(66)		14		96
Charges Associated with Business Combinations(c)	—		2		4
Other Special Items(d)	15		9		2
Other Special Items(d)(e)	(3)		15		9
Total	$	541	$	745	$	~~131~~74

(a) ~~These~~Relates ~~costs relate~~ to the ~~Americraft~~Company's ~~Carton,~~closures ~~Inc.~~of ~~(“Americraft”),~~its ARthree ~~Packaging~~smaller ~~Group~~recycled ABpaperboard manufacturing facilities (~~“AR~~which ~~Packaging”~~includes Tama, Middletown and East Angus), ~~Tama~~the closures of multiple packaging facilities, and the ~~Bell~~discontinuation ~~acquisitions~~of the Texarkana swing capacity project (see “Note 418. -Exit ~~Business Combinations”~~Activities).

(b) ~~Relates~~Includes to the ~~Company's~~sale ~~closures~~ of ~~its~~the ~~three~~Augusta, ~~smaller~~Georgia ~~recycled~~bleached paperboard manufacturing ~~facilities~~facility (~~which~~the ~~includes~~“Augusta ~~Tama~~Divestiture”), in 2024 and the ~~closures~~sale of ~~multiple~~the Company's two packaging facilities, ~~and~~in ~~the~~Russia ~~discontinuation~~("Russian ofoperations") ~~the~~in ~~Texarkana~~2023 ~~swing capacity project~~ (see “Note 1819. ~~- Exit Activities”~~Divestitures).

(c) ~~Includes~~These ~~the~~costs ~~sale~~relate ofto the ~~Augusta,~~AR ~~Georgia~~Packaging ~~bleached~~Group ~~paperboard~~AB ~~manufacturing facility~~ (~~the~~"AR ~~“Augusta Divestiture”~~Packaging"), inTama ~~2024~~ and ~~the~~Bell ~~sale~~acquisitions ~~of the Company's Russian operations in 2023~~ (see “Note 194. -Business ~~Divestitures”~~Combinations).

(d) In ~~2024~~2025, these costs ~~include~~are ~~$3 million~~ related to compensation expense for stock incentive plans due to Company performance adjustments for the ~~devaluation~~2024 and 2025 grants of ~~the~~performance-based ~~Nigerian~~restricted ~~Naira~~stock ~~and~~units ~~$10 million~~previously expensed in 2024, and related to the ~~change in~~ terms of the 2024 ~~grant~~grants of(which ~~restricted~~differed ~~stock~~from ~~units~~the 2023 grants) under the Graphic Packaging Holding Company 2014 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Compensation Plan (the “"2014 Plan”") (see “Note 57. - Stock Incentive Plans”). ~~In 2023, $9 million related to the devaluation of the Nigerian Naira in June 2023.~~

(e) In 2024, these costs include $3 million related to the devaluation of the Nigerian Naira and $10 million related to the change in terms of the 2024 grant of restricted stock units under the Graphic Packaging Holding Company 2014 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Compensation Plan (the "2014 Plan") (see Note 7. Stock Incentive Plans). In 2023, $9 million related to the devaluation of the Nigerian Naira in June 2023.

OnExit May 1, 2024, the Company completed the Augusta Divestiture to Clearwater Paper Corporation for a total consideration of $711 million. The gain associated with this divestiture is included in (Gains)/Charges Associated with Divestitures in the table above. For more information, see “Note 19 - Divestitures”. Activities

~~During~~In ~~2024~~the fourth quarter of 2025, construction of the Company's ~~decided~~new torecycled ~~close~~paperboard ~~multiple~~manufacturing ~~packaging~~facility ~~facilities~~located byin ~~the~~Waco, ~~end~~Texas ofwas ~~2024~~completed, and ~~early~~operations ~~2025~~commenced. ~~Production~~The ~~from~~Company ~~these~~incurred ~~facilities~~total ~~will~~start-up becharges ~~consolidated~~of ~~into~~$55 million ~~other~~for ~~existing~~the ~~packaging~~new ~~facilities~~recycled paperboard manufacturing facility from announcement date through December 31, 2025. ~~Charges~~In ~~associated~~conjunction with the completion of this project, ~~are~~the ~~included~~Company inclosed ~~Exit~~its ~~Activities~~Middletown, Ohio, recycled paperboard manufacturing facility in ~~the~~May ~~table~~2025 ~~above.~~and ~~For~~its ~~more~~East ~~information~~Angus, ~~see~~Quebec, ~~“Note~~recycled 18paperboard -manufacturing ~~Exit~~facility ~~Activities”.~~in ~~Current~~December ~~Assets~~2025 ~~within~~in ~~the~~order ~~Consolidated~~to ~~Balance~~consolidate ~~Sheet~~production ~~include~~into ~~$15 million~~fewer, ~~relating~~more efficient locations. These were in addition to ~~multiple~~its ~~packaging~~Tama, ~~facilities~~Iowa ~~that~~recycled ~~met~~paperboard manufacturing facility, which the ~~held~~Company ~~for~~closed ~~sale~~in ~~criteria~~the assecond quarter of ~~December 31~~2023 as further discussed below. Charges associated with these closures are included in Exit Activities in the table above. For more information, ~~2024~~see Note 18. Exit Activities.

~~2023~~Also during the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company implemented cost and production optimization initiatives resulting from its review of support functions and other expenses. The Company incurred charges of $6 million related to these initiatives in the fourth quarter of 2025, which are included in Exit Activities in the table above for the year ended December 31, 2025.

OnDuring ~~January~~2024 ~~31,~~and 2023, the Company ~~completed~~decided ~~the~~to ~~acquisition~~close ofmultiple ~~Tama,~~packaging afacilities. ~~recycled~~Production ~~paperboard~~from ~~manufacturing~~these ~~facility~~facilities ~~located~~has inbeen ~~Tama,~~consolidated ~~Iowa~~into other existing packaging facilities. The costs associated with ~~this~~these ~~acquisition~~exit ~~were~~activities ~~less than $1 million and~~ are included in ~~Charges~~Exit ~~Associated~~Activities ~~with Business Combinations~~ in the table above. ~~For~~In ~~more~~addition, ~~information~~during 2025, ~~see~~the ~~“Note~~Company 4recognized -a ~~Business~~gain ~~Combinations”.~~of ~~Subsequently,~~$34 million inon the ~~second~~sale ~~quarter~~ of ~~2023~~properties, ~~the~~which ~~Company~~is ~~closed~~also ~~this facility. Charges associated with this project are~~ included in Exit Activities in the table above. For more information, see “Note 18. - Exit Activities”. Current Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet include $8 million and $15 million relating to multiple paperboard manufacturing and packaging facilities that met the held for sale criteria as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

On February 7, 2023, the Company announced its plan to build a new recycled paperboard manufacturing facility in Waco, Texas. In conjunction with the completion of this project, the Company expects to close two additional smaller recycled paperboard manufacturing facilities in order to strategically expand capacity while lowering costs. Charges associated with these closures are included in Exit Activities in the table above. For more information, see “Note 18 - Exit Activities”.44

~~During~~Table ~~2023, the Company decided to close multiple packaging facilities by the end~~ of 2023 and early 2024. Production from these facilities has been consolidated into other existing packaging network. Charges associated with this project are included in Exit Activities in the table above. For more information, see “Note 18 - Exit Activities”.Contents

OnGraphic September 8, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Bell, an independent packaging company for $262 million. The acquisition included three packaging facilities located in South Dakota and Ohio and is reported within the Americas Paperboard Packaging ~~reportable~~Holding ~~segment. Charges Associated with this acquisition are included in Charges Associated with Business Combinations in the table above. For more information, see “Note 4 - Business Combinations”.~~Company

45Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

~~GRAPHIC~~During ~~PACKAGING~~the ~~HOLDING~~third ~~COMPANY~~quarter of 2023, the Company decided to discontinue the project in Texarkana to modify an existing paperboard machine to add swing capacity between bleached and unbleached paperboard in order to focus growth investments in the strategic expansion of recycled paperboard capacity. The Company incurred charges of $16 million within Corporate and Other related to the write-off of assets, which were primarily engineering, consulting, and permitting costs for this project. Charges associated with this project are included in Exit Activities in the table above. For more information, see Note 18. Exit Activities.

~~NOTES~~Also TOduring ~~CONSOLIDATED~~the ~~FINANCIAL~~third ~~STATEMENTS~~quarter of 2023, the Company decided to permanently decommission the K3 recycled paperboard machine in Kalamazoo, Michigan as part of its recycled paperboard network optimization plan that the Company initiated in 2019. In connection with this project, which was completed as of December 31, 2024, the Company incurred charges of $20 million related to the write-off ~~(Continued)~~of inventory and accelerated depreciation for the assets included in Costs of Sales in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations and $8 million for dismantling of the recycled paperboard machine for the assets included in Exit Activities. For more information, see Note 18. Exit Activities.

During the third quarter of 2023, the Company decided to discontinue its previously announced project in Texarkana to modify an existing paperboard machine to add swing capacity between bleached and unbleached paperboard in order to focus growth investments in the strategic expansion of coated recycled paperboard capacity. Through December 31, 2024, the Company incurred charges of $16 million related to the write-off of assets, which were primarily engineering, permitting, and consulting costs for this project. Charges associated with this project are included in Exit Activities in the table above. For more information, see “Note 18 - Exit Activities”.Divestitures

~~During~~In ~~the~~May ~~third quarter of 2023~~2024, the Company ~~decided~~completed ~~to permanently decommission~~ the K3Augusta ~~recycled~~Divestiture ~~paperboard~~to ~~machine~~Clearwater inPaper ~~Kalamazoo,~~Corporation ~~Michigan~~for asa ~~part~~total ofconsideration ~~its recycled paperboard network optimization plan that the Company initiated in 2019. Through December 31, 2024, the Company incurred charges~~ of $28711 million. ~~related~~The togain ~~the~~associated ~~write-off~~with ofthis ~~inventory,~~divestiture ~~dismantling~~is ofincluded ~~the~~in ~~recycled~~Charges/(Gains) ~~paperboard~~Associated ~~machine~~with ~~and~~Divestitures ~~accelerated~~in ~~depreciation for~~ the ~~assets~~table ~~included~~above. inFor ~~Costs~~more ofinformation, ~~Sales~~see inNote ~~the~~19. ~~Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations~~Divestitures.

~~During~~In 2022, the Company began the process of divesting its interest in its two packaging facilities in Russia (the “Russian Operations”). The assets and liabilities to be disposed of in connection with this transaction met the held for sale criteria as of June 30, 2022 and each subsequent quarter end through the date of sale. On November ~~30,~~ 2023, the Company completed the sale of its Russian Operations. Impairment charges associated with this divestiture are included in Charges/(Gains)~~/Charges~~ Associated with a Divestiture in the table above. For more information, see “Note 19. - Divestitures”.

~~2022~~Acquisitions

In ~~March~~January ~~2022~~2023, the Company ~~announced~~completed ~~its~~the ~~decision~~acquisition toof ~~close~~Tama, ~~the~~a ~~Norwalk,~~recycled ~~Ohio,~~paperboard ~~packaging~~manufacturing facility located in Tama, Iowa for approximately $100 million. The costs associated with this acquisition were less than $1 million and ~~closed~~are included in Charges Associated with Business Combinations in the ~~facility~~table above. For more information, see Note 4. Business Combinations. Subsequently, in ~~September~~the ~~2022~~second quarter of 2023, the Company closed this facility. Charges associated with this project are included in Exit Activities in the table above. For more information, see “Note 18. - Exit Activities”.

In ~~May~~September ~~2022~~2023, the Company ~~closed~~completed the ~~Battle~~acquisition ~~Creek~~of Bell, ~~Michigan~~an ~~recycled~~independent ~~paperboard~~packaging ~~manufacturing~~company ~~facility~~for $262 million. The acquisition included three packaging facilities located in South Dakota and Ohio and is reported within the Americas Paperboard Packaging reportable segment. Charges ~~associated~~Associated with this ~~project~~acquisition are included in ~~Exit~~Charges ~~Activities~~Associated with Business Combinations in the table above. For more information, see “Note 18 -4. ~~Exit~~Business ~~Activities”~~Combinations.

Share Repurchases and Dividends

On ~~July~~April 2730, ~~2023~~2025, the Company's Board of Directors authorized an additional share repurchase program to allow the Company to purchase up to $~~500~~1.5 ~~million~~billion of the Company's issued and outstanding shares of common stock through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions and Rule 10b5-1 plans (the ~~“2023~~"2025 share repurchase program”"). The previous $500 million share repurchase program was authorized on July 27, 2023 (the "2023 share repurchase program"), in addition to the $500 million share repurchase program was authorized on January 28, 2019 (the “"2019 share repurchase program”"), ~~and~~which was completed in May 2024. At December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had $~~365~~1.715 ~~million~~billion available for additional repurchases under the 2025 and 2023 share repurchase ~~program~~programs.

The following table presents the Company's share repurchases ~~under the 2019 and 2023 share repurchase programs~~ for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023,~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023:

Amount repurchased in millions, except share and per share amounts	Amount Repurchased		Number of Shares Repurchased	Average Price, per Share
In millions, except share and per share amounts	Amount Repurchased		Number of Shares Repurchased	Average Price, per Share
2025(a)	$	150	6,765,249	$	22.17
2024(a)(b)	$	200	7,243,734	$	27.61
2023	$	54	2,389,224	$	22.80
2022	$	28	1,315,839	$	20.91

(a) ~~Including~~Excluding $651 million ~~shares~~and ~~repurchased~~$2 million ~~under~~of ~~the~~excise ~~2019~~taxes ~~share~~incurred ~~repurchase~~in ~~program,~~2025 ~~which~~and ~~completed~~2024, ~~that program~~respectively.

(b) ~~Excluding~~Includes $265 million ofshares ~~excise~~repurchased ~~taxes~~under ~~incurred~~the in2019 ~~2024~~share repurchase program, thereby completing that program.

During ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, GPHC paid cash dividends of $~~122~~128 million, $~~123~~122 million and $92123 million, respectively. Though the decision to distribute cash dividends rests solely with the Board of Directors, the Company presently intends to maintain a quarterly cash dividend, subject to earnings and liquidity considerations.

4645

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

In ~~June~~December ~~2022~~2023, the FASB issued ASU ~~2022~~2023-0309, ~~Fair~~Income ~~Value~~Taxes ~~Measurement~~ (Topic ~~820~~740): ~~Fair~~Improvements ~~Value~~to ~~Measurement~~Income ofTax ~~Equity~~Disclosures. ~~Securities~~This ~~Subject~~ASU toexpands ~~Contractual~~disclosures ~~Sale~~in ~~Restrictions.~~an ~~This~~entity's ~~ASU~~income ~~clarifies~~tax ~~that~~rate ~~contractual~~reconciliation ~~sale~~table ~~restrictions~~and ~~should~~regarding ~~not~~cash betaxes ~~considered~~paid both in ~~measuring~~ the ~~fair~~U.S. ~~value~~and offoreign ~~equity securities~~jurisdictions. The Company adopted this standard, inusing the ~~first~~prospective ~~quarter~~method of ~~fiscal~~adoption ~~2024~~resulting in enhanced disclosures (see Note 9. Income Taxes), with no material impact on the Company’'s financial position, ~~and~~ results of operations, or cash flows.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and information used to assess segment performance. The Company adopted this standard resulting in enhanced disclosures (see "Note 15 - Business Segments and Geographic Area Information"), with no material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In ~~December~~September ~~2023~~2025, the FASB issued ASU ~~2023~~2025-0906, ~~Income~~Intangibles ~~Taxes~~- Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (~~Topic~~Subtopic ~~740~~350-40): Targeted Improvements to ~~Income~~the ~~Tax~~Accounting ~~Disclosures~~for Internal-Use Software. This ASU ~~expands~~simplifies ~~disclosures~~and inmodernizes anthe ~~entity's~~capitalization ~~income~~guidance ~~tax~~for ~~rate~~internal-use ~~reconciliation~~software ~~table~~costs by eliminating references to prescriptive software development stages and ~~regarding~~introducing ~~cash~~a ~~taxes~~principles-based ~~paid~~approach. ~~both~~Under inthe new guidance, capitalization begins when management authorizes and commits to funding the ~~U.S.~~project and ~~foreign~~it ~~jurisdictions~~is probable the software will be completed and used as intended, considering any significant uncertainties in development. This ASU is effective for ~~fiscal~~annual ~~years~~periods beginning after December 15, ~~2024.~~2027, ~~All~~including ~~entities~~interim ~~should~~periods ~~apply~~within ~~the~~those ~~guidance~~annual ~~prospectively~~periods. ~~but~~Early ~~have~~adoption ~~the~~is ~~option~~permitted. toEntities may apply itthe guidance prospectively, retrospectively., ~~Early~~or ~~adoption~~using isa ~~permitted~~modified approach for in-process projects. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its disclosures.

In November ~~2024~~2025, the FASB issued ASU ~~2024~~2025-0309, ~~Income~~Derivatives ~~Statement~~and -Hedging ~~Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures~~ (~~Subtopic~~Topic ~~220-40~~815): ~~Disaggregation~~Hedge ofAccounting ~~Income~~Improvements. ~~Statement~~This ~~Expenses,~~ASU ~~requiring~~amends ~~public~~existing ~~companies~~guidance to ~~disaggregate~~simplify ~~key~~the ~~expense~~application ~~categories~~of ~~such~~hedge asaccounting, ~~inventory~~enhance ~~purchases,~~alignment ~~employee~~between ~~compensation~~risk management activities and ~~depreciation~~financial inreporting, ~~their~~and ~~financial~~provide ~~statements.~~additional ~~This~~flexibility ~~aims~~in tothe ~~improve~~designation ~~investor~~and ~~insights~~measurement ~~into~~of ~~company~~certain ~~performance~~hedging relationships. This ASU is effective for ~~fiscal~~annual ~~years~~periods beginning after December 15, 2026, ~~and~~including interim periods within ~~fiscal~~those ~~years~~annual ~~beginning~~periods. ~~after~~Early ~~December 15, 2027, with early~~ adoption is permitted. The disclosure updates are required to be applied prospectively ~~with the option for retrospective application~~. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its disclosures.

~~NOTE~~In 2December —2025, ~~SUPPLEMENTAL~~the ~~BALANCE~~FASB ~~SHEET~~issued ~~DATA~~ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements. This ASU clarifies and improved existing interim disclosure requirements and the applicability of interim reporting guidance. It is effective for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 31, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. Entities may apply the guidance prospectively or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its disclosures.

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-12, Codification Improvements. This ASU includes targeted updates covering a broad range of topics, intended to clarify, correct errors or make minor improvements. It is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. Entities are required to apply the amendments to ASC 260 retrospectively. All other amendments may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, requiring disaggregate key expense categories such as inventory purchases, employee compensation and depreciation in their financial statements. This aims to improve investor insights into company performance. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The disclosure updates are required to be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its disclosures.

Table of Contents

Graphic Packaging Holding Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Note 2. Supplemental Balance Sheet Data

The following tables provide disclosure related to the components of certain line items included on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Receivables, Net:

In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Trade	$	~~638~~611	$	~~739~~638
Less: Allowance	(1721)		(2317)
	621		716
	590		621
Other	~~138~~170		~~119~~138
Total	$	~~759~~760	$	~~835~~759

Inventories, Net by major class:

In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Finished Goods	$	~~552~~547	$	~~602~~552
Work in Progress	~~209~~202		~~201~~209
Raw Materials	~~724~~674		~~684~~724
Supplies	~~269~~343		~~267~~269
Total	$	1,~~754~~766	$	1,754

GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Property, Plant and Equipment, Net:

In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Land and Improvements	$	~~188~~194	$	~~195~~188
Buildings(a)	1,~~068~~409		1,~~122~~068
Machinery and Equipment(b)	78,~~246~~778		7,~~686~~246
Construction-in-Progress	~~1,428~~286		~~657~~1,428
	9,930		9,660
	10,667		9,930
Less: Accumulated Depreciation(a)(b)	(4,~~672~~998)		(4,~~668~~672)
Total	$	5,~~258~~669	$	45,~~992~~258

(a) Includes gross assets under finance lease of $~~142~~143 million and related accumulated depreciation of $3643 million as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, and gross assets under finance lease of $~~146~~142 million and related accumulated depreciation of $3136 million as of December 31, ~~2023~~2024.

(b) Includes gross assets under finance lease of $4039 million and related accumulated depreciation of $2123 million as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, and gross assets under finance lease of $5140 million and related accumulated depreciation of $21 million as of December 31, ~~2023~~2024.

Table of Contents

Graphic Packaging Holding Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Other Accrued Liabilities:

In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Accrued Payables(a)	$	164	$	61
Other Accrued Taxes	$	75	$	43
Operating Lease Liabilities, current portion	6367		6263
Accrued Customer Rebates	52		48
Accrued Payables(a)	60		164
Other Accrued Taxes	43		49
Accrued Customer Rebates	43		52
Deferred Revenue	35		30
Dividends Payable	32		30
Dividends Payable	30		31
Deferred Revenue	23		35
Accrued Severance	2211		622
Income Tax Payable	15		15
Fair Value of Derivatives, current portion	8		—
Unfavorable Supply Agreement	1		2
Income Tax Payable	3		15
Fair Value of Derivatives, current portion	—		13
Unfavorable Supply Agreement	2		1
Other(b)	7489		7874
Total	$	~~499~~413	$	~~395~~499

(a) Accrued payables ~~include~~balance in 2024 included a payable for a $96 million purchased tax credit ~~payable~~that was paid in 2025.

(b) Other accrued expenses include several types of expenses such as accrued bonus, external outside services and production costs.

~~NOTE~~Note 3. —Supplemental ~~SUPPLEMENTAL~~Cash ~~CASH~~Flow ~~FLOW INFORMATION~~Information

Cash ~~Flow~~ (Used In) Provided by Operations Due to Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities, net of acquisitions:

In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024		~~2022~~2023
Receivables, Net	$	(~~152~~115)	$	(39152)	$	(~~184~~39)
Inventories, Net	~~(124)~~51		(~~117~~124)		(~~268~~117)
Other Current Assets	(1420)		(1514)		2(15)
Other Assets	~~(9)~~4		(199)		(119)
Accounts Payable	~~(25)~~1		(~~140~~25)		~~132~~(140)
Compensation and Employee Benefits	(874)		(2587)		87(25)
Income Taxes	1(11)		71		~~(2)~~7
Interest Payable	102		1210		1612
Other Accrued Liabilities	~~122~~(102)		~~(22)~~122		(1122)
Other Noncurrent Liabilities	9(19)		509		1150
Total	$	(~~269~~213)	$	(~~308~~269)	$	(~~218~~308)

Cash paid for interest and cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds, was as follows:


In millions	2025		2024		2023
Interest	$	213	$	215	$	221
Income Taxes	163		281		157

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

~~Cash~~Notes ~~paid~~to ~~for~~Consolidated ~~interest~~Financial ~~and~~Statements ~~cash~~- ~~paid, net of refunds, for income taxes was as follows:~~(Continued)

In millions	2024		2023		2022
Interest	$	215	$	221	$	176
Income Taxes	281		157		43

Note 4. Business Combinations

~~NOTE~~The 4Company —accounts ~~BUSINESS~~for ~~COMBINATIONS~~acquisitions as business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification 805, Business Combinations.

The Company accounts for acquisitions as business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”).

Bell Incorporated

On September 8, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Bell, adding three packaging facilities in Sioux Falls, South Dakota and Groveport, Ohio for $262 million, using existing cash and borrowings under its revolving credit facility.

The final purchase price allocation is as follows:


In millions	Amounts Recognized as of Acquisition Date (as adjusted)
Purchase Price		$	262

Cash & Cash Equivalents		3
Receivables, Net		19
Inventories, Net		17
Property, Plant and Equipment		30
Intangible Assets(a)		161
Other Assets		15
Total Assets Acquired		245
Current Liabilities		11
Other Noncurrent Liabilities		12
Total Liabilities Assumed		23
Net Assets Acquired		222
Goodwill		40
Purchase Consideration Transferred		$	262

(a) Intangible Assets primarily consists of Customer Relationships with a weighted -average life of approximately 15 years.

During the second quarter of 2024, the Company finalized the acquisition accounting adjustments for Bell and the purchase price has been allocated to assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired was allocated to goodwill, which is expected to be deductible for tax purposes, and is reported within the Americas Paperboard Packaging reportable segment.

Tama Paperboard, LLC

On January 31, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Tama, a recycled paperboard manufacturing facility in Tama, Iowa, from Greif Packaging LLC for approximately $100 million, using existing cash and borrowings under its revolving credit facility.

During the second quarter of 2023, the Company finalized the acquisition accounting adjustments for Tama and the purchase price has been allocated to assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired was allocated to goodwill, which is expected to be deductible for tax purposes, and is reported within ~~the~~Corporate ~~Paperboard~~and ~~Manufacturing reportable segment~~Other.

Proforma disclosures were omitted for the Bell and Tama acquisitions as they do not have a significant impact on the Company’'s financial results.

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

~~NOTE~~Notes 5to —Consolidated ~~DEBT~~Financial Statements - (Continued)

Note 5. Debt

Short-Term Debt and Current Portion of Long-Term Debt is comprised of the following:

In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Short Term Borrowings(a)	$	1817	$	18
Current Portion of Finance Leases	7		7
Current Portion of Long-Term Debt(b)	14		739
Current Portion of Long-Term Debt	525		14
Total Short-Term Debt and Current Portion of Long-Term Debt	$	39549	$	~~764~~39

(a) Short-term borrowings are principally at the Company’'s international subsidiaries. The weighted -average interest ~~rate~~rates on short-term borrowings as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024 ~~was~~were 5.96% and 6.550%, respectively.

(b) The December 31, 2023 balance includes the 0.821% Senior Notes redeemed April 2024 and the 4.125% Senior Notes redeemed August 2024.

GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Long-Term Debt is comprised of the following:

In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 0.821%, effective rate of 0.82%, payable in 2024(a)	$	—	$	400
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 1.512%, effective rate of 1.51%, payable in 2026(a)	400		400
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 4.125%, effective rate of 4.13%, payable in 2024(b)	—		300
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 4.75%, effective rate of 4.76%, payable in 2027(a)	300		300
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 1.512%, effective rate of 1.52%, payable in 2026(a)	400		400
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 4.75%, effective rate of 4.77%, payable in 2027(a)	300		300
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 3.50%, effective rate of 3.52%, payable in 2028(a)	450		450
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 3.50%, effective rate of 3.53%, payable in 2029(a)	350		350
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 3.50%, effective rate of 3.52%, payable in 2029(a)	350		350
Senior Notes (€290 million) with interest payable semi-annually at 2.625%, effective rate of 2.65%, payable in 2029(a)	300		321
Senior Notes (€290 million) with interest payable semi-annually at 2.625%, effective rate of 2.64%, payable in 2029(a)	340		300
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 3.75%, effective rate of 3.78%, payable in 2030(a)	400		400
Senior Notes with interest payable semi-annually at 6.375%, effective rate of 6.45%, payable in 2032(a)	500		—500
Green Bond, net of unamortized premium with interest payable at 4.00%, effective rate of 1.71%, payable in 2026(a)	104		106
Green Bond, net of unamortized premium with interest payable at 4.00%, effective rate of 1.70%, payable in 2026(a)	102		104
Senior Secured Term Loan A-2 Facility with interest payable quarterly at 2.67%, effective rate of 2.68% payable in 2028(a)	425		425
Green Bonds, net of unamortized premium with interest payable at 5.00%, effective rate of 4.65%, payable in 2030(a)	100		—
Senior Secured Term Loan A-3 Facility with interest payable monthly payable at floating rates (6.44% at December 31, 2024), effective rate of 6.46%, payable in 2028(a)	250		250
Senior Secured Term Loan A-2 Facility with interest payable quarterly at 2.67%, effective rate of 2.67% payable in 2028(a)	425		425
Senior Secured Term Loan A-5 Facility with interest payable monthly payable at floating rates (6.40% at December 31, 2024), effective rate of 6.42%, payable in 2029(a)	50		—
Senior Secured Term Loan A-3 Facility with interest payable monthly payable at floating rates (5.35% at December 31, 2025), effective rate of 5.36% payable in 2028(a)	250		250
Senior Secured Term Loan A-6 Facility with interest payable monthly payable at floating rates (6.40% at December 31, 2024), effective rate of 6.42%, payable in 2029(a)	200		—
Senior Secured Term Loan A-5 Facility with interest payable monthly payable at floating rates (5.32% at December 31, 2025), effective rate of 5.33%, payable in 2029(a)	50		50
Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities with interest payable at various dates at floating rates (6.15% at December 31, 2024) payable through 2029(a)	497		508
Senior Secured Term Loan A-6 Facility with interest payable monthly payable at floating rates (5.37% at December 31, 2025), effective rate of 5.38%, payable in 2029(a)	200		200
Senior Secured Term Loan Facility (€200 million) with interest payable at various dates at floating rates (4.35% at December 31, 2024) payable through 2029(a)	207		227
Senior Secured Term Loan A-1 Facilities with interest payable at various dates at floating rates (5.84% at December 31, 2025) payable through 2029(a)	484		497
Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities with interest payable at floating rates (5.96% at December 31, 2024) payable in 2029(a)(c)	610		774
Senior Secured Term Loan Facility (€199 million) with interest payable at various dates at floating rates (3.64% at December 31, 2025) payable through 2029(a)	233		207
Finance Leases	145		161
Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities with interest payable at floating rates (5.57% at December 31, 2025) payable in 2029(a)(b)	848		610
Other	3		6
Finance Leases	141		145
Total Long-Term Debt Including Current Portion	5,191		5,378
Other	2		3
Less: Current Portion	21		746
Total Long-Term Debt Including Current Portion	5,575		5,191
Total Long-Term Debt Excluding Current Portion	5,170		4,632
Less: Current Portion	532		21
Less: Unamortized Deferred Debt Issuance Costs	25		23
Total Long-Term Debt Excluding Current Portion	5,043		5,170
Total Long-Term Debt	$	5,145	$	4,609
Less: Unamortized Deferred Debt Issuance Costs	21		25
Total Long-Term Debt	$	5,022	$	5,145

(a) Guaranteed by Graphic Packaging International Partners, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“"GPIP”"), and certain domestic subsidiaries.

(b) ~~Guaranteed~~The byweighted-average ~~GPHC~~effective interest rates for the Company's Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities were 5.84% and ~~certain~~6.65% ~~domestic~~as ~~subsidiaries~~of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

~~(c) The weighted average effective interest rates for the Company’s Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities were 6.65% and 6.61% as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.~~50

51Table of Contents

~~GRAPHIC~~Graphic ~~PACKAGING~~Packaging ~~HOLDING~~Holding ~~COMPANY~~Company

~~NOTES~~Notes TOto ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Consolidated ~~FINANCIAL~~Financial ~~STATEMENTS~~Statements - (Continued)

2025

On May 29, 2025, the Company, through its subsidiary Graphic Packaging International, LLC ("GPIL"), completed a $100 million tax-exempt green bond transaction through Mission Economic Development Corporation's Private Activity Bond Program (the "Green Bonds"). The Green Bonds are special limited obligations of Mission Economic Development Corporation (the "Issuer") payable from and secured by a pledge of payments to be made by GPIL under a loan agreement between the Issuer and GPIL. The Green Bonds mature and must be redeemed by the Company in 2030, but can be reissued under certain conditions until 2064. The Green Bonds were issued at a price of 101.904% and bear interest at an annual rate of 5.0%. The equivalent yield is 4.57%. The net proceeds of $99 million were used to fund a portion of GPIL's spend on construction of the new recycled paperboard manufacturing facility located in Waco, Texas ("The Project"). The bonds have been designated as Green Bonds because: (i) the proceeds were used to finance a solid waste disposal/recycling facility; and (ii) the Project will promote environmental sustainability through expected reductions in the intensity of greenhouse gas emissions, energy usage and water usage.

On October 31, 2025, GPIL entered into an Incremental Facility Amendment to the Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated June 3, 2024, which provides for a Delayed Draw Incremental Term Facility in the aggregate amount of up to $400 million pursuant to which GPIL may borrow a delayed draw incremental term loan in a single drawing during the period from and including March 15, 2026 and ending on April 15, 2026 (the "Delayed Draw Incremental Term Loan"). The Delayed Draw Incremental Term Loan will mature on June 30, 2027. The proceeds of the Delayed Draw Incremental Term Loan shall be used by GPIL to repay in full GPIL's 1.512% Senior Secured Notes, which has a maturity date of April 15, 2026. The new term loan is collateralized by the same assets as the Company's Senior Secured Facilities on a pari passu basis. The new term loan will bear interest at a floating rate per annum, ranging from SOFR plus 1.00% to SOFR plus 1.75%, or base rate plus 0.00% to base rate plus 0.75%, determined using a pricing grid based on GPIL's consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and GPIL's election of SOFR or base rate as the reference rate. Prior to its funding, the Delayed Draw Incremental Term Facility is subject to a commitment/ticking fee ranging from 0.10% to 0.25% per annum based on the undrawn amount thereof.

2024

On ~~August~~March 1422, 2024, GPIL entered into an Incremental Facility Amendment to the ~~Company~~Fourth ~~drew~~Amended and Restated Credit Agreement for $~~300~~250 million ~~from~~of new incremental term loans (the "New Incremental Term Facilities"). The New Incremental Term Facilities consist of a $50 million Incremental Term A-5 Facility and a $200 million Incremental Term A-6 Facility. The New Incremental Term Facilities are senior secured ~~domestic~~term ~~revolving~~loans ~~credit~~and ~~facilities~~mature on June 1, 2029. The Incremental Term A-5 and ~~used~~Incremental ~~the~~Term ~~proceeds~~A-6 Facilities bear interest at a floating rate ranging from SOFR plus 1.725% to ~~redeem~~SOFR ~~its~~plus 42.~~125~~35%, ~~Senior~~determined ~~Notes~~using ~~due~~a pricing grid based upon GPIL's Consolidated Leverage Ratio. As long as the Incremental Term A-2, A-3, A-5 and A-6 Loans are outstanding, GPIL will be eligible to receive an annual patronage credit from the participating lender banks, which will be paid in ~~2024~~cash and stock in the lead member bank. Patronage payable each year is variable and based on the individual financial performance of each of the member banks then participating in the loan. The Incremental Term A-5 and A-6 Facilities are governed by the same covenants as are set forth in the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and are secured by a first priority lien and security interest in certain assets of GPIL.

On June 3, 2024, Graphic Packaging International, LLC (“GPIL”), a Delaware limited liability company and a direct subsidiary of Graphic Packaging International Partners, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”) to extend the maturity date of certain of its Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities and Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities and to amend certain other terms of the agreement including revised debt covenants. However, there were no changes to the maximum Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio and the minimum Consolidated Interest Expense Ratio covenants. Under the terms of the agreement, $1,425 million and €200 million of the Company’s Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities remain outstanding. The Company added $50 million to its Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities. $500 million (A-1) of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities and all of the Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility loans continue to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.35% to SOFR plus 2.10%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company’s consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and the maturity for these loans were extended from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029. $425 million (A-2) of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continue to bear interest at a fixed rate per annum equal to 2.67% and mature on their originally scheduled maturity date of January 14, 2028. $250 million (A-3) of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continue to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.60% to SOFR plus 2.35%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company’s consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and mature on their originally scheduled maturity date of July 22, 2028. $250 million of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continue to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.725% to SOFR plus 2.35%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company’s consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and mature on their originally scheduled maturity date of June 1, 2029. €200 million of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continues to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.225% to SOFR plus 1.85%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company’s consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and the maturity for these loans was extended from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029.

On May 13, 2024, GPIL completed a private offering of $500 million aggregate principal amount of its 6.375% senior unsecured notes due 2032 (the “Senior Notes”). The net proceeds were used by the Company to repay a portion of the outstanding borrowings under its domestic revolving credit facility under its senior secured credit facility and to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the offering of the Senior Notes.

On April 15, 2024, the Company drew $400 million from the senior secured domestic revolving credit facilities and used the proceeds, together with cash on hand, to redeem its 0.821% Senior Notes due in 2024.

On ~~March~~May 2213, 2024, GPIL ~~entered~~completed ~~into~~a anprivate ~~Incremental~~offering ~~Facility~~of ~~Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement for~~ $~~250~~500 million ofaggregate ~~new~~principal ~~incremental~~amount ~~term~~of ~~loans~~its ~~(the “New Incremental Term Facilities”)~~6.375% ~~The~~senior ~~New~~unsecured ~~Incremental~~notes ~~Term~~due ~~Facilities~~2032 ~~consist of a $50 million Incremental Term A-5 Facility~~ (the ~~“Incremental~~"Senior ~~A-5 Loans”~~Notes") ~~and a $200 million Incremental Term A-6 Facility (the “Incremental Term A-6 Loans”)~~. The ~~New~~net ~~Incremental~~proceeds ~~Term~~were ~~Facilities~~used ~~are~~by ~~senior~~the ~~secured~~Company ~~term loans and mature on June 1, 2029. The Incremental Term A-5 and A-6 Loans bear interest at a floating rate ranging from SOFR plus 1.725%~~ to ~~SOFR~~repay ~~plus 2.35%, determined using~~ a ~~pricing~~portion ~~grid~~of ~~based upon GPIL’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio. As long as~~ the ~~Incremental Term A-2, A-3, A-5 and A-6 Loans are~~ outstanding, ~~GPIL~~borrowings ~~will~~under beits ~~eligible~~domestic torevolving ~~receive an annual patronage~~ credit ~~from~~facility ~~the~~under ~~participating~~its ~~lender~~senior ~~banks,~~secured ~~which~~credit ~~will~~facility ~~be paid in cash~~ and ~~stock~~to inpay ~~the~~fees ~~lead member bank. Patronage payable each year is variable~~ and ~~based~~expenses onincurred ~~the individual financial performance of each of the member banks then participating~~ in ~~the~~connection ~~loan.~~with ~~The Incremental Term A-5 and A-6 Facilities are governed by~~ the ~~same~~offering ~~covenants~~of ~~as are set forth in~~ the ~~Fourth~~Senior ~~Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and are secured by a first priority lien and security interest in certain assets of GPIL~~Notes.

~~2023~~51

OnTable ~~February 7, 2023 Graphic Packaging International, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a direct subsidiary~~ of GPIP (“GPIL”) entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Third Amendment”). The Third Amendment provides for a future replacement floating interest rate benchmark (the Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average “CORRA”) to take effect upon the cessation of the Canadian Dollar Offered Rate (“CDOR”) for Canadian Dollar borrowings under the domestic revolving credit facility. The Third Amendment also modified the borrowing mechanics for certain term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) loans under the domestic revolving line of credit.Contents

Graphic Packaging Holding Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

On June 3, 2024, GPIL, a Delaware limited liability company and a direct subsidiary of Graphic Packaging International Partners, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Amended and Restated Credit Agreement") to extend the maturity date of certain of its Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities and Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities and to amend certain other terms of the agreement including revised debt covenants. However, there were no changes to the maximum Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio and the minimum Consolidated Interest Expense Ratio covenants. Under the terms of the agreement, $1,425 million and €200 million of the Company's Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities remain outstanding. The Company added $50 million to its Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facilities. $500 million (A-1) of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities and all of the Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility loans continue to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.35% to SOFR plus 2.10%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company's consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and the maturity for these loans were extended from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029. $425 million (A-2) of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continue to bear interest at a fixed rate per annum equal to 2.67% and mature on their originally scheduled maturity date of January 14, 2028. $250 million (A-3) of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continue to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.60% to SOFR plus 2.35%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company's consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and mature on their originally scheduled maturity date of July 22, 2028. $250 million of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continue to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.725% to SOFR plus 2.35%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company's consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and mature on their originally scheduled maturity date of June 1, 2029. €200 million of the Senior Secured Term Loan Facilities continues to bear interest at a floating rate per annum ranging from SOFR plus 1.225% to SOFR plus 1.85%, determined using a pricing grid based upon the Company's consolidated total leverage ratio from time to time, and the maturity for these loans was extended from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029.

On August 14, 2024, the Company drew $300 million from the senior secured domestic revolving credit facilities and used the proceeds to redeem its 4.125% Senior Notes due in 2024.


The following describes the Company's senior secured term loans and revolving credit facilities within the Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (a):
Facility	Commitment at 12/31/25	Provision	Expiration
Domestic Revolving Credit Facility	$1,900 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029. Increased by $50 million.	June 2029
European Revolving Credit Facility	€170 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029.	June 2029
Japanese Revolving Credit Facility	¥1,650 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029.	June 2029
Term Loan A-1	$484 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029.	June 2029
Incremental EURO Term Facility	€199 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029. Increased by €0.5 million.	June 2029
Term Loan A-2	$425 million	No Change	January 2028
Term Loan A-3	$250 million	No Change	July 2028
Term Loan A-5	$50 million	No Change	June 2029
Term Loan A-6	$200 million	No Change	June 2029
Delayed Draw Incremental Term Facility	$400 million	Can be drawn between March 15, 2026 and April 15, 2026.	June 2027
(a) The Company's obligations under the Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Current Credit Agreement") are secured by substantially all of the Company's domestic assets.

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

The following describes the Company's senior secured term loans and revolving credit facilities within the Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (a):
Facility	Commitment at 12/31/24	Provision	Expiration
Domestic Revolving Credit Facility	$1,900 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029. Increased by $50 million.	June 2029
European Revolving Credit Facility	€170 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029.	June 2029
Japanese Revolving Credit Facility	¥1,650 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029.	June 2029
Term Loan A-1	$496.9 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029.	June 2029
Incremental EURO Term Facility	€200 million	Extended Maturity from April 1, 2026 to June 1, 2029. Increased by €0.5 million.	June 2029
Term Loan A-2	$425 million	No Change	January 2028
Term Loan A-3	$250 million	No Change	July 2028
Term Loan A-5	$50 million	No Change	June 2029
Term Loan A-6	$200 million	No Change	June 2029
(a) The Company's obligations under the Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Current Credit Agreement”) are secured by substantially all of the Company's domestic assets.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

At December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company and its U.S. and international subsidiaries had the following commitments, amounts outstanding and amounts available under revolving credit facilities:

In millions	Total Commitments		Total Outstanding		Total Available
Senior Secured Domestic Revolving Credit Facility(a)	$	1,900	$	~~610~~848	$	1,~~288~~050
Senior Secured International Revolving Credit Facilities	186		—		186
Senior Secured International Revolving Credit Facility	210		—		210
Other International Facilities	49		2119		2830
Total	$	2,~~135~~159	$	~~631~~867	$	1,~~502~~290

(a) In accordance with its debt agreements, the Company's availability under its revolving credit facilities has been reduced by the amount of standby letters of credit issued of $2 million as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, which expire at various dates through ~~2025~~2026 unless extended. The Company also had $30 38 million of standby letters of credit issued under a separate unsecured facility as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, which do not have any impact on the Company's availability under ~~it's~~its revolving credit facilities. The standby letters of credit are primarily related to the Company's workers' compensation programs and project development activities.

Long-Term Debt maturities (excluding finance leases) are as follows:

In millions
2025	$	14
2026	$	525
2026	527
2027	338
2027	335
2028	1,162
2028	1,160
2029	2,409
2029	2,108
2030	500
After 2029	902
Thereafter	500
Total	$	5,~~046~~434

53Interest Expense, Net

~~GRAPHIC~~Interest ~~PACKAGING~~Expense, ~~HOLDING~~Net ~~COMPANY~~was $220 million and $230 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. Interest is capitalized on assets under construction for one year or longer with an estimated spending of $1 million or more. The capitalized interest is recorded as part of the asset to which it relates and is amortized over the asset's estimated useful life. Capitalized interest was $52 million, $34 million and $8 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Covenant Agreements

The Covenants in the Current Credit Agreement and the indentures governing the 1.512% Senior Notes due 2026, 4.75% Senior Notes due 2027, 3.50% Senior Notes due 2028, 3.50% Senior Notes due 2029, 2.625% Senior Notes due 2029, 3.75% Senior Notes due 2030 and 6.375% Senior Notes due 2032 (the “"Indentures”"), limit the Company's ability to incur additional indebtedness. Additional covenants contained in the Current Credit Agreement and the Indentures may, among other things, restrict the ability of the Company to dispose of assets, incur guarantee obligations, prepay other indebtedness, repurchase stock, pay dividends and make other restricted payments, create liens, make equity or debt investments, make acquisitions, modify terms of the Indentures, engage in mergers or consolidations, change the business conducted by the Company and its subsidiaries, and engage in certain transactions with affiliates. Such restrictions could limit the Company’'s ability to respond to changing market conditions, fund its capital spending program, provide for unexpected capital investments or take advantage of business opportunities.

As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company was in compliance with the covenants in the Current Credit Agreement and the Indentures.

~~NOTE~~Note 6. ~~— LEASES~~Leases

The Company determines if a contract is or contains a lease at inception. The Company has operating and finance leases for warehouses, corporate and regional offices, and machinery and equipment. The Company enters into lease contracts ranging from one to 25 years with the majority of leases having terms of three to seven years, many of which include options to extend in various increments. Variable lease costs consist primarily of variable warehousing costs, common area maintenance, taxes, and insurance. The Company’'s leases do not have any significant residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants.

As the implicit rate is not readily determinable for most of the Company’'s leases agreements, the Company uses an estimated incremental borrowing rate to determine the initial present value of lease payments. These discount rates for leases are calculated using the Company's credit spread adjusted for current market factors, including fixed rate swaps, EURIBOR, and foreign currency rates.

Table of Contents

Graphic Packaging Holding Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The components of lease costs are as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Finance lease costs:
Amortization of right-of-use asset	$	8	$	14
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	10	$	8
Interest on lease liabilities	8		98
Operating lease costs	7880		8678
Short-term lease costs	3932		2939
Variable lease costs	2337		1423
Total lease costs, net	$	~~156~~167	$	~~152~~156

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	7476	$	8474
Operating cash flows from finance leases	8		98
Financing cash flows from finance leases	7		97
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases	~~104~~86		70104
Finance leases	1—		—1

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:

		December 31,
In millions, except lease term and discount rate	Balance Sheet Classification	~~2024~~2025			~~2023~~2024
Operating Leases:
Operating lease right-of-use asset	Other Assets	$	256		$	228
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Other Assets	$	279		$	256
Current operating lease liabilities	Other Accrued Liabilities	$	6367		$	6263
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	Other Noncurrent Liabilities	~~209~~228			~~189~~209
Total operating lease liabilities		$	~~272~~295		$	~~251~~272
Finance Leases:
Property, Plant and Equipment		$	182		$	~~197~~182
Accumulated depreciation		(5766)			(5257)
Property, Plant and Equipment, net		$	~~125~~116		$	~~145~~125
Current finance lease liabilities	Short-Term Debt and Current Portion of Long-Term Debt	$	7		$	7
Noncurrent finance lease liabilities	Long-Term Debt	~~138~~134			~~154~~138
Total finance lease liabilities		$	~~145~~141		$	~~161~~145
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term (Years):
Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term (Years):
Operating leases		7			67
Finance leases		1514			1615
Weighted Average Discount Rate:
Weighted-Average Discount Rate:
Operating leases		4.60		%	4.1060		%
Finance leases		5.2821		%	5.1728		%

Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:

In millions
Year ending December 31,	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
2025	$	73	$	15
2026	$	80	$	14
2026	58		14
2027	68		15
2027	46		14
2028	52		15
2028	33		15
2029	39		15
2029	23		15
2030	27		15
Thereafter	8595		~~142~~130
Total lease payments	$	~~318~~361	$	~~215~~204
Less imputed interest	(4666)		(7063)
Total	$	~~272~~295	$	~~145~~141

Note 7. Stock Incentive Plans

The Company has one active equity compensation plan from which new grants may be made, the Graphic Packaging Holding Company 2024 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the "2024 Plan"). Prior to the approval of the 2024 Plan and the expiration of the 2014 Plan, the Company made all new grants under the 2014 Plan. The 2024 Plan and 2014 Plan allow for granting shares of stock, options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), restricted stock awards ("RSAs"), and other types of stock-based and cash awards. Awards under the 2024 Plan and 2014 Plan vest and expire in accordance with terms established at the time of grant. Shares issued pursuant to awards under the 2024 Plan and 2014 Plan are from GPHC's authorized but unissued shares. Compensation costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award and are adjusted for actual performance for performance-based awards. As of December 31, 2025, there were 9.8 million shares remaining available to be granted under the 2024 Plan.

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

~~NOTE~~Notes 7to —Consolidated ~~STOCK~~Financial ~~INCENTIVE~~Statements ~~PLANS~~- (Continued)

The Company has one active equity compensation plan from which new grants may be made, the Graphic Packaging Holding Company 2024 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2024 Plan”). Prior to the approval of the 2024 Plan and the expiration of the 2014 Plan, the Company made all new grants under the 2014 Plan. The 2024 Plan and 2014 Plan allow for granting shares of stock, options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), and other types of stock-based and cash awards. Awards under the 2024 Plan and 2014 Plan vest and expire in accordance with terms established at the time of grant. Shares issued pursuant to awards under the 2024 Plan and 2014 Plan are from GPHC’s authorized but unissued shares. Compensation costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award and are adjusted for actual performance for performance-based awards. As of December 31, 2024, there were 11.1 million shares remaining available to be granted under the 2024 Plan.

Stock Awards, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

Under the 2024 and 2014 Plans and related RSU grant agreements, RSUs granted to employees generally vest and become payable in one to three years from the date of grant. RSUs granted to employees generally contain some combination of service and performance objectives based on various financial targets that must be met for the RSUs to vest, and a relative total shareholder return modifier. The 2022 and 2023 award agreements contain vesting provisions that allow retiring employees to vest on a daily pro-rata basis from the date of grant through their retirement date. In the 2024 and 2025 grant agreements, the vesting provisions were changed to allow retiring employees to vest in full upon an eligible retirement. This change required the Company to accelerate the recognition of the compensation expense for the 2024 and 2025 grants for active retirement-eligible employees. Retirement eligibility is dependent upon meeting certain age and/or years of service and notice requirements.

RSUs granted as deferred compensation for non-employee directors are fully vested but not payable until the distribution date elected by the director. Stock awards issued to non-employee directors as part of their compensation for service on the Board are unrestricted on the grant date.

Data concerning RSUs and Stock Awards granted in the years ended December 31 iswas as follows:

	2024		2023		2022
	2025		2024		2023
RSUs - Employees and Non-Employee Directors	1,~~581~~746,~~341~~613		1,~~780~~581,~~345~~341		1,~~943~~780,~~769~~345
Weighted-average grant date fair value	$	2425.6717	$	2324.7467	$	2023.1974
Stock Awards - Board of Directors	2335,~~540~~075		2523,~~588~~540		3425,~~160~~588
Weighted-average grant date fair value	$	2722.1981	$	2527.0119	$	2025.4901

56A summary of the changes in the number of unvested RSUs from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2025 is presented below:

GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY


	RSUs	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding - December 31, 2022	4,824,864	$	17.48
Granted(a)	1,780,345	23.74
Released	(2,313,891)	15.62
Forfeited	(102,583)	20.21
Performance adjustment(b)	753,702	15.59
Outstanding - December 31, 2023	4,942,437	$	20.20
Granted(a)	1,581,341	24.67
Released	(2,312,785)	16.08
Forfeited	(279,181)	21.36
Performance adjustment(b)	865,788	15.59

Outstanding - December 31, 2024	4,797,600	$	22.31
Granted(a)	1,746,613	25.17
Released	(2,933,244)	19.34
Forfeited	(413,932)	25.54
Performance adjustment(b)	971,721	18.82
Outstanding - December 31, 2025	4,168,758	$	24.50

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

A summary of the changes in the number of unvested RSUs from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2024 is presented below:

	RSUs	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding - December 31, 2021	4,929,861	$	14.47
Granted(a)	1,943,769	20.19
Released	(2,180,435)	12.34
Forfeited	(193,145)	17.59
Performance adjustment(b)	324,814	12.52
Outstanding - December 31, 2022	4,824,864	$	17.48
Granted(a)	1,780,345	23.74
Released	(2,313,891)	15.62
Forfeited	(102,583)	20.21
Performance adjustment(b)	753,702	15.59
Outstanding - December 31, 2023	4,942,437	$	20.20
Granted(a)	1,581,341	24.67
Released	(2,312,785)	16.08
Forfeited	(279,181)	21.36
Performance adjustment(b)	865,788	15.59
Outstanding - December 31, 2024	4,797,600	$	22.31

(a) Grant activity for all performance-based RSUs is disclosed at target.

(b) Reflects the number of RSUs paid out above target levels based on actual performance measured at the end of the performance period.

The initial value of the service-based RSUs is generally based on the closing market value of GPHC’'s common stock on the date of grant, discounted to reflect that the RSUs do not accrue dividends during the vesting period. The ~~2024~~2025 performance-based RSU grants were valued using a Monte Carlo simulation as the total shareholder return contains a market condition. RSUs are recorded in Shareholders' Equity. The unrecognized expense at December 31, ~~2024~~2025 is approximately $3725 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted -average period of 2two years.

The value of stock awards granted to the Company's directors as compensation are based on the market value of GPHC’'s common stock on the date of grant. These awards are unrestricted on the date of grant.

During 2024, 2023, and 2022, $52 million, $44 million and $34 million, respectively, were charged to compensation expense for stock incentive plans and such amounts are included in Selling, General and Administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition, during 2024 $10 million was charged to compensation expense for the incremental expense related to the change of vesting provisions in the 2024 grants and included in Business Combinations, Exit Activities and Other Special Items, Net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.56

~~During~~Table ~~2024, 2023, and 2022, RSUs with an aggregate fair value~~ of ~~$61 million, $54 million and $44 million, respectively, vested and were paid out. The RSUs vested and paid out in 2024 were granted primarily during 2021.~~Contents

~~NOTE~~Graphic 8Packaging —Holding ~~PENSIONS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS~~Company

~~DEFINED~~Notes ~~BENEFIT~~to ~~PLANS~~Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Stock compensation expense for the incremental expense related to the change of vesting provisions in the 2024 and 2025 grants versus the vesting provision in the 2023 grants is included in Business Combinations, Exit Activities and Other Special Items, Net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Compensation expense for stock incentive plans due to Company performance adjustments on performance-based awards is included in Selling, General and Administrative and Business Combinations, Exit Activities and Other Special Items, Net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Stock compensation expense included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31 is as follows:


In millions	2025		2024		2023
Selling, General and Administrative	$	5	$	52	$	44
Business Combinations, Exit Activities and Other Special Items, Net	(3)		10		—
Total	$	2	$	62	$	44

During 2025, 2024, and 2023, RSUs with an aggregate fair value of $78 million, $61 million and $54 million, respectively, vested and were paid out. The RSUs vested and paid out in 2025 were granted primarily during 2022.

Note 8. Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits

Defined Benefit Plans

The Company maintains both defined benefit pension plans and postretirement health care plans that provide medical and life insurance coverage to eligible salaried and hourly retired employees in North America and their dependents. The Company maintains international defined benefit pension plans which are either noncontributory or contributory and are funded in accordance with applicable local laws. Pension or termination benefits are based primarily on years of service and the employee's compensation. Currently, the North American plans are closed to newly-hired employees.

GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Pension and Postretirement Expense

The pension and postretirement expenses related to the Company’'s plans consisted of the following:

	Pension Benefits						Postretirement Benefits
	Year Ended December 31,						Year Ended December 31,
In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024		~~2022~~2023		~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024		~~2022~~2023
Components of Net Periodic Cost:
Service Cost	$	65	$	96	$	149	$	—	$	—	$	—
Interest Cost	2223		22		1222		1		21		12
Expected Return on Plan Assets	(2223)		(2322)		(2123)		—		—		—
Amortization:
Amortization of Actuarial Loss (Gain)	4		4		5		(3)		(2)		(3)
Amortization of Actuarial Loss (Gain)	4		5		3		(2)		(3)		(2)
Net Curtailment Loss	—		1		—		—		—		—
Net Curtailment Loss	1		—		—		—		—		—
Net Periodic Cost (Benefit)	$	9	$	11	$	13	$	(2)	$	(1)	$	(1)
Net Periodic Cost (Benefit)	$	11	$	13	$	8	$	(1)	$	(1)	$	(1)

Certain assumptions used in determining the pension and postretirement expenses were as follows:

	Pension Benefits						Postretirement Benefits
	Year Ended December 31,						Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022		2024		2023		2022
	2025		2024		2023		2025		2024		2023
Weighted Average Assumptions:
Weighted-Average Assumptions:
Discount Rate	45.6933	%	4.8669	%	24.4686	%	45.9655	%	54.1296	%	25.9212	%
Rate of Increase in Future Compensation Levels	23.9002	%	32.1690	%	13.8016	%	—	%	—		—
Expected Long-Term Rate of Return on Plan Assets	5.9316	%	5.5993	%	35.8659	%	—	%	—		—
Initial Health Care Cost Trend Rate	—		—		—		89.5035	%	78.2550	%	67.1525	%
Ultimate Health Care Cost Trend Rate	—		—		—		4.4550	%	4.5045	%	4.50	%
Ultimate Year	—		—		—		~~2033~~2034		~~2032~~2033		~~2031~~2032

5857

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Funded Status

The following table sets forth the funded status of the Company’'s pension and postretirement plans as of December 31:

	Pension Benefits						Postretirement Benefits
In millions	~~2024~~2025			~~2023~~2024			~~2024~~2025			~~2023~~2024
Change in Benefit Obligation:
Benefit Obligation at Beginning of Year	$	~~494~~464		$	~~471~~494		$	2624		$	26
Service Cost	65			96			—			—
Interest Cost	2223			22			1			21
Net Actuarial Loss (Gain)	~~(24)~~10			10(24)			~~(2)~~—			—(2)
Foreign Currency Exchange	~~(8)~~20			10(8)			—			—
Curtailment Loss	1—			—1			—			—
Benefits Paid	(2930)			(2829)			(1)			(21)
Acquisition	1—			—1			—			—
Other	(1)			—1			—			—
Benefit Obligation at End of Year	$	~~464~~491		$	~~494~~464		$	24		$	2624
Change in Plan Assets:
Fair Value of Plan Assets at Beginning of Year	$	~~427~~400		$	~~397~~427		$	—		$	—
Actual Return on Plan Assets	~~(4)~~35			34(4)			—			—
Employer Contributions	1211			1412			1			21
Foreign Currency Exchange	~~(6)~~14			10(6)			—			—
Benefits Paid	(2930)			(2829)			(1)			(21)
Acquisition	1—			—1			—			—
Other	(1)			—(1)			—			—
Fair Value of Plan Assets at End of Year	$	~~400~~429		$	~~427~~400		$	—		$	—
Plan Assets Less than Projected Benefit Obligation	$	(6462)		$	(6764)		$	(24)		$	(2624)
Amounts Recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets Consist of:
Pension Assets	$	13		$	1813		$	—		$	—
Accrued Pension and Postretirement Benefits Liability — Current	$	(4)		$	(4)		$	(3)		$	(3)
Accrued Pension and Postretirement Benefits Liability - Current	$	(4)		$	(4)		$	(2)		$	(3)
Accrued Pension and Postretirement Benefits Liability — Noncurrent	$	(73)		$	(81)		$	(21)		$	(23)
Accrued Pension and Postretirement Benefits Liability - Noncurrent	$	(71)		$	(73)		$	(22)		$	(21)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income:
Net Actuarial Loss (Gain)	$	8176		$	8381		$	(1)		$	—(1)
Prior Service Cost (Credit)	$	3		$	43		$	(1916)		$	(19)
Weighted Average Calculations:
Weighted-Average Calculations:
Discount Rate	5.3300		%	45.6933		%	5.5532		%	45.9655		%
Rates of Increase in Future Compensation Levels	32.0296		%	23.9002		%	—			—
Initial Health Care Cost Trend Rate	—			—			9.3560		%	89.5035		%
Ultimate Health Care Cost Trend Rate	—			—			4.50		%	4.4550		%
Ultimate Year	—			—			~~2034~~2036			~~2033~~2034

5958

~~GRAPHIC~~Table ~~PACKAGING~~of ~~HOLDING COMPANY~~Contents

~~NOTES~~Graphic TOPackaging ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Holding ~~FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)~~Company

~~The~~Notes Company determined pension expense using both the fair value of assets and a calculated value that averages gains and losses over a period of years. Investment gains or losses represent the difference between the expected and actual return on assets. As of December 31, 2024, the net actuarial loss in accumulated other comprehensive loss was $81 million. These net losses may increase future pension expense if not offset by (i) actual investment returns that exceed the assumed investment returns, or (ii) other factors, including reduced pension liabilities arising from higher discount rates used to ~~calculate~~Consolidated ~~pension~~Financial ~~obligations,~~Statements or- (~~iii~~Continued) other actuarial gains, including whether such accumulated actuarial losses at each measurement date exceed the “corridor” determined under the Compensation — Retirement Benefits topic of the FASB Codification. For the largest plan, the actuarial loss is amortized over the average remaining service period of employees expected to receive benefits.

The ~~discount~~Company ~~rate~~determined ~~used~~pension toexpense ~~determine~~using both the ~~present~~fair value of ~~future~~assets ~~pension~~and ~~obligations~~a atcalculated ~~December 31,~~value ~~2024~~that ~~was~~averages ~~based~~gains onand losses over a ~~yield~~period ~~curve~~of ~~constructed~~years. ~~from~~Investment agains ~~portfolio~~or oflosses ~~high-quality~~represent ~~corporate~~the ~~debt~~difference ~~securities~~between ~~with~~the ~~maturities~~expected ~~ranging~~and ~~from~~actual ~~1 year~~return toon 30assets. As of December ~~years~~31, 2025, the net actuarial loss in accumulated other comprehensive loss was $76 million. ~~Each~~These ~~year’s~~net ~~expected~~losses may increase future ~~benefit~~pension ~~payments~~expense ~~were~~if ~~discounted~~not tooffset ~~their~~by ~~present~~(i) actual ~~value~~investment atreturns that exceed the ~~spot~~assumed ~~yield~~investment ~~curve~~returns, ~~rate~~or ~~thereby~~(ii) other ~~generating~~factors, ~~the~~including ~~overall~~reduced pension liabilities arising from higher discount ~~rate~~rates ~~for~~used ~~the~~to ~~Company’s~~calculate pension obligations., ~~The~~or ~~weighted~~(iii) other ~~average~~actuarial ~~discount~~gains, ~~rate~~including ~~used~~whether tosuch ~~determine~~accumulated actuarial losses at each measurement date exceed the ~~pension~~"corridor" ~~obligations~~determined ~~was~~under ~~5.33%~~the ~~and~~Compensation — 4Retirement Benefits topic of the FASB Codification.~~69%~~ inFor ~~2024~~the ~~and~~largest ~~2023~~plan, ~~respectively~~the actuarial loss is amortized over the average remaining service period of employees expected to receive benefits.

The ~~pension~~discount ~~net~~rate ~~actuarial~~used ~~gain~~to determine the present value of ~~$24~~future pension obligations at December ~~million~~31, 2025 was ~~primarily~~based ~~due~~on a yield curve constructed from a portfolio of high-quality corporate debt securities with maturities ranging from one year to ~~changes~~30 years. inEach year's expected future benefit payments were discounted to their present value at the spot yield curve rate thereby generating the overall discount rate for the Company's pension obligations. The weighted -average discount rate atused ~~December 31,~~to ~~2024~~determine the pension obligations was 5.00% and 5.33% ~~compared~~in to2025 4and 2024, respectively.~~69%~~ atThe ~~December~~pension net actuarial loss of $10 ~~31,~~million ~~2023~~was primarily due to changes in the discount rate.

Accumulated Benefit Obligation

The accumulated benefit obligation, (“"ABO”"), for all defined benefit pension plans was $~~462~~491 million and $~~491~~462 million at December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively. The projected benefit obligation (“"PBO”") and fair value of plan assets where the PBO exceeded plan assets ~~were~~was $~~312~~321 million and $~~323~~312 million at December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively. The ABO and fair value of plan assets where the ABO exceeded plan assets ~~were~~was $~~310~~316 million and $~~319~~310 million at December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively.

Employer Contributions

The Company made $1211 million and $1512 million of contributions to its pension plans during ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively. The Company expects to make contributions in the range of $10 million to $15 million in ~~2025~~2026.

The Company also made postretirement health care benefit payments of $1 million ~~and $2 million~~ during ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023, respectively~~2024. For ~~2025~~2026, the Company expects to make approximately $21 million of contributions to its postretirement health care plans.

Pension Assets

The Company’'s overall investment strategy is to achieve a mix of investments for long-term growth and near-term benefit payments through diversification of asset types, fund strategies and fund managers. Investment risk is measured on an on-going basis through annual liability measurements, periodic asset/liability studies, and quarterly investment portfolio reviews. The plans invest in the following major asset categories: cash, equity securities, fixed -income securities, ~~real~~insurance ~~estate~~contracts and diversified growth funds. At December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, pension investments did not include any direct investments in the Company’'s stock or the Company’'s debt.

The Company implemented a de-risking or liability driven investment strategy for its North America. and U.K. pension plans. This strategy moved assets from return seeking (equities) to investments that mirror the underlying benefit obligations (fixed income).

The weighted -average allocation of plan assets and the target allocation by asset category is as follows:

	Target		~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Cash	1—	%	—1	%	2—	%
Equity Securities	18		2712		2527
Fixed Income Securities	77		68		65
Fixed-Income Securities	78		51		68
Other Investments	4		536		85
Total	100	%	100	%	100	%

The plans’' investment in equity securities primarily includes investments in U.S. and international companies of varying sizes and industries. The strategy of these investments is to 1i) exceed the return of an appropriate benchmark for such equity classes and 2ii) through diversification, reduce volatility while enhancing long term real growth.

The plans’ investment in fixed income securities includes government bonds, investment grade bonds and non-investment grade bonds across a broad and diverse issuer base. The strategy of these investments is to provide income and stability and to diversify the fixed income exposure of the plan assets, thereby reducing volatility.59

60Table of Contents

~~GRAPHIC~~Graphic ~~PACKAGING~~Packaging ~~HOLDING~~Holding ~~COMPANY~~Company

~~NOTES~~Notes TOto ~~CONSOLIDATED~~Consolidated ~~FINANCIAL~~Financial ~~STATEMENTS~~Statements - (Continued)

The ~~Company’s~~plans' ~~approach~~investment toin ~~developing~~fixed-income ~~the~~securities ~~expected~~includes ~~long-term~~government ~~rate~~bonds, ofinvestment ~~return~~grade onbonds ~~pension~~and ~~plan~~non-investment ~~assets~~grade isbonds ~~based~~across ona ~~fair~~broad ~~values~~ and ~~combines~~diverse anissuer ~~analysis~~base. The strategy of ~~historical~~these ~~investment~~investments ~~performance~~is byto ~~asset~~provide ~~class,~~income and stability and to diversify the ~~Company’s~~fixed-income ~~investment~~exposure ~~guidelines~~of ~~and~~the ~~current~~plan ~~and~~assets, ~~expected~~thereby ~~economic~~reducing ~~fundamentals~~volatility.

The ~~following~~Company's ~~tables~~approach ~~set~~to ~~forth,~~developing bythe ~~category~~expected ~~and~~long-term ~~within~~rate ~~the~~of ~~fair~~return ~~value~~on ~~hierarchy,~~pension ~~the~~plan assets is based on fair ~~value~~values and combines an analysis of historical investment performance by asset class, the Company’'s ~~pension~~investment ~~assets~~guidelines atand ~~December 31,~~current ~~2024~~ and ~~2023:~~expected economic fundamentals.

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2024
In millions	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Net Asset Value at December 31, 2024(b)
Asset Category:
Cash	$	(1)	$	3	$	(7)	$	—	$	3
Equity Securities:
Domestic	102		3		1		—		98
Foreign	5		5		—		—		—
Fixed Income Securities	271		96		175		—		—
Other Investments:
Diversified growth fund(a)	15		—		3		12		—
Insurance Contracts	8		—		—		8		—
Total	$	400	$	107	$	172	$	20	$	101

The following tables set forth, by category and within the fair value hierarchy, the fair value of the Company's pension assets at December 31, 2025 and 2024:

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023
			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2025
In millions	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Net Asset Value at December 31, ~~2023~~2025(b)
Asset Category:
Cash	$	74	$	23	$	2—	$	—1	$	3—
Equity Securities:
Domestic	~~101~~49		3—		1—		—49		97—
Foreign	6—		6—		—		—		—
Fixed Income Securities	281		21		259		1		—
Fixed-Income Securities	220		28		5		187		—
Other Investments:
Diversified growth fund(a)	23		—		15		8		—
Diversified Growth Fund(a)	12		—		3		9		—
Insurance Contracts	9144		—		—		9144		—
Total	$	~~427~~429	$	3231	$	~~277~~8	$	18390	$	~~100~~—


			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2024
In millions	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Net Asset Value at December 31, 2024(b)
Asset Category:
Cash	$	(1)	$	3	$	(7)	$	—	$	3
Equity Securities:
Domestic	102		3		1		—		98
Foreign	5		5		—		—		—
Fixed-Income Securities	271		96		175		—		—
Other Investments:
Diversified Growth Fund(a)	15		—		3		12		—
Insurance Contracts	8		—		—		8		—
Total	$	400	$	107	$	172	$	20	$	101

(a) The fund invests in a combination of traditional investments (equities, bonds, and foreign exchange), seeking to achieve returns through active asset allocation over a three to five-year horizon.

(b) Investments that are measured at net asset value (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING COMPANY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

A reconciliation of fair value measurements of plan assets using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows:

In millions	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Balance at January 1,	$	1820	$	3318
Transfers In (Out), Net	2		(17)
Return on Assets, Net	15		—
Foreign Currency Exchange

Filing Compare · GRAPHIC PACKAGING HOLDING CO