UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q


þ		QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2008~~2009


o		TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 000-24394

Penn Octane Corporation

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware		52-1790357
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
77-530 Enfield Lane, Bldg. D, Palm Desert, California (Address of Principal Executive Offices)		92211 (Zip Code)
77-530 Enfield Lane, Bldg. D, Palm Desert, California		92211
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (760) 772-9080

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “accelerated filer”, “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large Accelerated Filer o		Accelerated Filer o		Non-Accelerated Filer o		Smaller Reporting Company þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ

The number of shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding on May 191, ~~2008~~2009 was 15,~~406~~416,187.

PENN OCTANE CORPORATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS

ITEM		PAGE NO.		~~PAGE NO.~~
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
1.	1.Financial Statements	~~Financial Statements~~
		Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009 (unaudited)		3-4
		Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008 (unaudited)			4-5
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009		5
		Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008			6
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009		6-7
		Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008			7
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)		8-27
		Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)			8-29
2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		28-37
	2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			30-39
3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		38
	3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			39
4T.	Controls and Procedures		38
	4T.	Controls and Procedures			39
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
1.	Legal Proceedings		39
	1.	Legal Proceedings			40
1A.	Risk Factors		39
	1A.	Risk Factors			40
2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		39
	2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			40
3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities		39
	3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities			40
4.	Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders		39
	4.	Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders			40
5.	Other Information		39
	5.	Other Information			40
6.	Exhibits		39
	6.	Exhibits			41
Signatures			40
	Signatures				42
Exhibit 10.1
Exhibit 15
Exhibit 31.1
Exhibit 31.2
Exhibit 32

Part I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

~~Report~~Penn Octane Corporation’s independent auditor was not engaged to and did not review the consolidated financial statements included herein prior to the deadline for filing this Form 10-Q, as required by Rule 10-01(d) of ~~Independent~~Regulation S-X ~~Registered~~promulgated ~~Public~~under ~~Accounting~~the ~~Firm~~Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Board of Directors and Stockholders Penn Octane Corporation

We have reviewed the consolidated balance sheet of Penn Octane Corporation and subsidiaries (Company) as of March 31, 2008, the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008, and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated April 4, 2008, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

Our auditors’ report on the Company’s financial statements as of December 31, 2007 included an explanatory paragraph referring to the matters discussed in Note S of those consolidated financial statements which raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. As indicated in Note N to the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements, conditions continue to exist which raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

/s/ BURTON MCCUMBER & CORTEZ, L.L.P.

Brownsville, Texas May 20, 2008

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

ASSETS

	December 31,		March 31,
	2007		2008
	2008		2009
			(Unaudited)
Current Assets
Cash	$	4376,~~339,~~000	$	2793,~~645,~~000
Restricted cash		21,~~500~~316,000		~~843~~277,000
Trade accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $255,000 and $0 at December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008, respectively)		4,261,000		7,678,000
Trade accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $60,000 and $60,000 at December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009, respectively)		1,662,000		1,250,000
Inventories		2,563,000		2,627,000
Income tax receivable		608,000		85,000
Deferred tax asset		~~608~~99,000		~~608~~99,000
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		~~744~~725,000		~~507~~759,000
Total current assets		154,~~015~~786,000		143,~~908~~263,000
Oil and gas properties and related equipment (successful efforts method) — net		2628,~~197~~243,000		2628,~~430~~024,000
Property, plant and equipment — net		12,~~983~~690,000		1312,~~083~~441,000
Other non-current assets		1131,000		1132,000
Goodwill		68,~~463~~290,000		68,~~463~~290,000
Total assets	$	6054,~~669~~040,000	$	6052,~~895~~050,000

The accompanying notes ~~and accountants’ report~~ are an integral part of these statements.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS — CONTINUED

LIABILITIES AND ~~STOCKHOLDERS’~~ EQUITY

	December 31,			March 31,
	2007			2008
	2008			2009
				(Unaudited)
Current Liabilities
Current maturities of long-term debt	$	325,~~498~~731,000		$	425,~~451~~587,000
Short-term debt		5,~~493~~575,000			54,~~499~~875,000
Revolving line of credit		—			3,591,000
Accounts payable		3,315,000			2,632,000
Fuel Products trade accounts payable		4,526,000			1,634,000
Taxes payable		921,000			1,125,000
Other accounts payable		2,879,000			3,617,000
Accrued liabilities		5,200,000			6,005,000
Taxes payable		618,000			582,000
Total current liabilities		40,742,000			40,224,000
Accrued liabilities		2,266,000			3,256,000
Total current liabilities		19,280,000			22,630,000
Commitments and contingencies		—			—
Long-term debt, less current maturities, net of discount		21150,~~250,~~000			~~20,075,000~~—
Deferred income tax — non-current		3,238,000			3,238,000
Deferred income tax		2,909,000			2,909,000
Minority interest		11,467,000			9,975,000
Equity
Stockholders’ Equity
Penn Octane Corporation stockholders’ equity
Series A — Preferred stock-$.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; No shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008		—			—
Series A — Preferred stock-$.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; No shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009		—			—
Series B — Senior preferred stock-$.01 par value, $10 liquidation value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; No shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008		—			—
Series B — Senior preferred stock-$.01 par value, $10 liquidation value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; No shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009		—			—
Common stock — $.01 par value, 25,000,000 shares authorized; 15,386,187 and 15,406,187 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008		154,000			154,000
Common stock — $.01 par value, 25,000,000 shares authorized; 15,416,187 and 15,416,187 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009		154,000			154,000
Additional paid-in capital		2930,~~271~~189,000			2930,~~594~~196,000
Accumulated deficit		(2327,~~991~~199,000	)		(2427,~~771~~518,000	)
Total stockholders’ equity		5,434,000			4,977,000
Total Penn Octane Corporation stockholders’ equity		3,144,000			2,832,000
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	60,669,000		$	60,895,000
Noncontrolling interest		7,095,000			6,085,000
Total equity		10,239,000			8,917,000
Total liabilities and equity	$	54,040,000		$	52,050,000

The accompanying notes ~~and accountants’ report~~ are an integral part of these statements.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS ~~(Unaudited)~~

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2007			2008
Revenues	$	39,382,000		$	33,403,000
Cost of goods sold		38,438,000			32,521,000
Gross profit		944,000			882,000
Selling, general and administrative expenses and other
Legal and professional fees		476,000			721,000
Salaries and payroll related expenses		407,000			1,058,000
Other		521,000			983,000
		1,404,000			2,762,000
Operating loss from operations		(460,000	)		(1,880,000	)
Other income (expense)
Interest and Fuel Products financing expense		(152,000	)		(956,000	)
Interest income		13,000			10,000
Minority interest in loss		460,000			2,051,000
Loss from operations before taxes		(139,000	)		(775,000	)
(Benefit) provision for income taxes		(27,000	)		5,000
Net loss	$	(112,000	)	$	(780,000	)
Net loss per common share	$	(0.01	)	$	(0.05	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		15,386,187			15,406,187

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes and accountants’ report are an integral part of these statements.


	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2008			2009
Revenues	$	33,403,000		$	2,908,000
Cost of goods sold		32,521,000			1,974,000


Gross profit		882,000			934,000
Selling, general and administrative expenses and other
Legal and professional fees		721,000			394,000
Salaries and payroll related expenses		1,058,000			407,000
Other		983,000			438,000

		2,762,000			1,239,000

Operating loss from operations		(1,880,000	)		(305,000	)
Other income (expense)
Interest and Fuel Products financing expense		(956,000	)		(957,000	)
Interest income		10,000			14,000

Loss before taxes		(2,826,000	)		(1,248,000	)
(Benefit) provision for income taxes		5,000			110,000

Net loss	$	(2,831,000	)	$	(1,358,000	)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest		2,051,000			1,039,000

Net loss attributable to Penn Octane Corporation	$	(780,000	)	$	(319,000	)


Net loss per common share	$	(0.05	)	$	(0.02	)

Weighted average common shares outstanding		15,406,187			15,416,187

6The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	Three months ended March 31,
	2007			2008
	2008			2009
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(~~112~~780,000	)	$	(~~780~~319,000	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		~~167~~495,000			~~495~~528,000
Amortization of loan discount		—19,000			196,000
Share-based payment expense		95,000			276,000
Share-based compensation		276,000			7,000
Unit-based compensation		—145,000			~~145~~29,000
Minority interest		(~~460~~1,975,000	)		(1,~~975~~039,000	)
Beneficial conversion		—			14,000
Beneficial conversion amortization		14,000			—
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable		(63,~~392~~417,000	)		(3411,~~417,~~000	)
Inventories		96(64,000	)		~~(64,000~~—	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		~~(19~~141,000	)		~~141~~488,000
Deferred tax asset		(42,000	)		—
LPG and Fuel Products trade accounts payable		(2,893,000	)		—
LPG and Fuel Products trade accounts payable		2,524,000			(2,893,000	)
Other accounts payable and accrued liabilities		2,105,000			122,000
Other accounts payable and accrued liabilities		656,000			2,105,000
U.S. and foreign taxes payable		(50,000	)		205,000
U.S. and Foreign taxes payable		(61,000	)		(50,000	)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(5,984,000	)		438,000
Net cash used in operating activities		(3,548,000	)		(5,984,000	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures		(~~165~~827,000	)		(~~827~~60,000	)
Decrease in other non-current assets		~~(102,000~~—	)		—(1,000	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(~~267~~827,000	)		(~~827~~61,000	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash		(318,000	)		1,656,000
Decrease in restricted cash		1,656,000			1,040,000
Revolving credit facilities		3,~~119~~591,000			~~3,591,000~~—
Distributions paid to minority interests		(~~478~~607,000	)		~~(607,000~~—	)
Distributions paid to the minority owners of the general partner		(10,000	)		—
Reduction in debt		(250,000	)		(1,000,000	)
Stockholder’s note		41,000			—
Exercise of options of Rio Vista		774,000			—
Reduction in debt		—			(250,000	)
Costs of registration		(202,000	)		—
Exercise of options of Rio Vista		—			774,000
Other		155,000			—
Costs of registration		—			(202,000	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		5,117,000			40,000
Other		—			155,000
Net change in cash		(1,694,000	)		417,000
Net cash provided by financing activities		2,354,000			5,117,000
Cash at beginning of period		4,339,000			376,000
Net decrease in cash		(1,461,000	)		(1,694,000	)
Cash at end of period	$	2,645,000		$	793,000
Cash at beginning of period		8,766,000			4,339,000
Cash at end of period	$	7,305,000		$	2,645,000
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for:
Interest	$	182,000		$	1,084,000
Taxes	$	110,000		$	—
Supplemental disclosures of noncash transactions:
Equity — common stock and warrants issued and other	$	95,000		$	—
Unit based compensation	$	—		$	145,000
Share based compensation	$	—		$	276,000

The accompanying notes ~~and accountants’ report~~ are an integral part of these statements.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS — CONTINUED
(Unaudited)


	Three months ended March 31,
	2008		2009

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for:
Interest and LPG and Fuel Products financing expense	$	1,084,000	$	135,000

Supplemental disclosures of noncash transactions:
Units issued for compensation and penalties	$	344,000	$	—

Unit based compensation	$	145,000	$	29,000

Share based compensation	$	276,000	$	7,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ~~(UNAUDITED)~~

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE A — ORGANIZATION

Penn Octane Corporation (Penn Octane), a Delaware corporation, has historically been engaged in the purchase, transportation and sale of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and the sale of gasoline and diesel fuel (Fuel Products) until the sale of all of Penn Octane’s LPG related assets and a portion of the LPG-related assets of Rio Vista Energy Partners, L.P. (Rio Vista) to TransMontaigne Product Services Inc. (TransMontaigne) on August 22, 2006 (Restated LPG Asset Sale). Subsequent to the Restated LPG Asset Sale, Penn Octane continued to sell Fuel Products and Rio Vista continued to operate its remaining LPG assets consisting of the LPG, terminal facility in Matamoros, Mexico and approximately 23 miles of pipelines connecting the Matamoros Terminal Facility to an LPG terminal facility in Brownsville, Texas exclusively on behalf of TransMontaigne to transport their LPG on a fee for services basis.

On September 30, 2004, Penn Octane completed a series of transactions that (i) transferred substantially all of its owned pipeline and terminal assets in Brownsville and Matamoros and certain immaterial liabilities to its wholly owned subsidiary Rio Vista Operating Partnership L.P. and its subsidiaries (RVOP), (ii) transferred Penn Octane’s 99.9% interest in RVOP to its wholly owned subsidiary Rio Vista and (iii) distributed all of its limited partnership interest (Common Units) in Rio Vista to its common stockholders (Spin-Off), resulting in Rio Vista becoming a separate public company. The Common Units represented 98% of Rio Vista’s outstanding capital and 100% of Rio Vista’s limited partnership interests. The remaining 2% represented the General Partner interest. The General Partner interest is solely owned and controlled by Rio Vista GP LLC (General Partner). The General Partner is 75% owned by Penn Octane and Penn Octane has 100% voting control over the General Partner pursuant to a voting agreement with the other owner of the General Partner. Therefore, Rio Vista is consolidated with Penn Octane and the interest of the General Partner not owned by Penn Octane and the interests of the limited partners of Rio Vista are classified as minority interests in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The General Partner is responsible for the management of Rio Vista.

~~Until~~In ~~December~~July 312007, Rio Vista acquired Regional Enterprises, Inc. (Regional), and in November 2007, Rio ~~Penn~~Vista ~~Octane~~acquired ~~was~~certain ~~focused~~oil onand natural gas producing properties and related assets (Oklahoma assets) in the ~~operation~~State of ~~the~~Oklahoma ~~LPG~~formerly ~~terminal~~owned ~~facility~~by ~~and~~GM Oil Properties, Inc., Penny ~~the~~Petroleum ~~pipelines~~Corporation and GO LLC. ~~After~~As ~~August 2006~~a result of these acquisitions in 2007, Rio Vista ~~operated~~is ~~this~~now focused ~~system exclusively~~ on ~~behalf~~the ~~of TransMontaigne~~acquisition, todevelopment ~~transport~~and ~~their~~production ~~LPG~~of onoil aand ~~fee~~natural ~~for~~gas ~~services~~properties ~~basis.~~and related Inmidstream ~~addition~~assets, ~~since~~and ~~June 2004, Penn~~the ~~Octane~~operation ~~has~~and ~~been~~development aof ~~reseller~~Regional’s business consisting of transportation ~~Fuel~~and ~~Products~~terminaling. ~~Penn~~Beginning ~~Octane~~March 1, ~~sells~~2008, ~~Fuel~~Rio ~~Products~~Vista ~~(Fuel~~Operating ~~Sales Business~~LLC (Operating) became ~~through~~the ~~transactional,~~operator ~~bulk~~of ~~and/or~~the ~~rack~~Oklahoma ~~transactions~~Assets.

In ~~August~~May ~~2006~~2008, ~~Rio~~Penn ~~Vista~~Octane’s ~~completed~~board ~~the disposition~~ of ~~substantially~~directors ~~all~~approved ofa ~~its~~plan ~~U.S. LPG assets~~ to ~~TransMontaigne,~~ ~~including~~sell ~~the~~its ~~Brownsville,~~Fuel ~~Texas terminal facility and refined products tank farm,~~Products ~~together~~inventory ~~with associated improvements, leases, easements, licenses~~ and ~~permits;~~to ancease ~~LPG~~the ~~sales agreement;~~Fuel ~~and~~Sales ~~all LPG inventory (Rio Vista Restated PSA)~~Business. InThe ~~December 2007,~~purpose ~~Rio Vista completed the disposition~~ of ~~its~~this ~~remaining~~decision ~~LPG~~was ~~assets~~ to ~~TransMontaigne, including the U.S. portion of the~~provide ~~two~~working ~~pipelines~~capital ~~from~~for aits ~~Brownsville,~~other ~~Texas~~business ~~terminal owned by TransMontaigne to the U~~segments.S. ~~border,~~The ~~along with~~assets ~~all associated rights-~~of~~-way~~ ~~and easements; all of~~ the ~~outstanding~~Fuel ~~equity~~Sales ~~interests in~~Business ~~entities~~consisted ~~owning~~only ~~interests in the portion~~ of ~~the two pipelines that extend from the U.S. border to Matamoros~~cash, ~~Mexico;~~accounts receivable and ~~all of the rights for indirect control of an entity that owns a terminal site in Matamoros, Mexico~~inventories. ~~As a result, effective January 1, 2008, the Company no longer operates~~ ~~the assets associated with the LPG business it had historically conducted.~~

InBasis July 2007, Rio Vista acquired Regional Enterprises, Inc. (Regional), and in November 2007, Rio Vista acquired certain oil and natural gas producing properties and related assets (Oklahoma assets) in the State of ~~Oklahoma formerly owned by GM Oil Properties, Inc., Penny Petroleum~~Presentation Corporation and GO LLC. As a result of these acquisitions in 2007, Rio Vista is now focused on the acquisition, development and production of oil and natural gas properties and related midstream assets, and the operation and development of Regional’s business. Beginning March 1, 2008, Rio Vista Operating LLC (Operating) became the operator of the Oklahoma assets and employed approximately six employees, consisting of four field workers and two office staff personnel as of such date.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include Penn Octane and its subsidiaries including PennWilson CNG, Inc. (PennWilson), Rio Vista GP, LLC and Penn CNG Holdings, Inc. and Rio Vista and its subsidiaries, including RVOP, Rio Vista Operating GP LLC, Rio Vista Penny LLC, GO LLC (GO), MV Pipeline Company (MV), Operating, Regional and Penn Octane International, L.L.C., collectively “the Company”. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE A — ORGANIZATION — Continued

The ~~above~~Company ~~acquisitions~~adopted ~~were~~Financial ~~funded~~Accounting byStandards aBoard ~~combination~~(FASB) Statement of ~~debt~~Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51” (~~new~~SFAS No. 160) beginning January 1, 2009. SFAS No. 160 changed the accounting and ~~assumed)~~reporting for minority interest, ~~private~~which ~~placements~~was renamed noncontrolling interests and generally classified as a component of ~~Rio~~equity ~~Vista~~on ~~common~~the ~~units~~consolidated ~~and~~balance ~~proceeds~~sheet. ~~from~~On the consolidated ~~sale~~statement of ~~Rio~~income, ~~Vista~~SFAS No. 160 affects primarily the Company’s ~~LPG~~reporting ~~related~~of ~~assets. During~~the ~~November~~98.5 ~~2007,~~percent noncontrolling interest in Rio Vista. ~~completed~~Previously, athe ~~private~~Company ~~placement~~presented ofthis minority ~~common~~interest ~~units~~in ~~raising~~“Other ~~gross~~income ~~proceeds~~(expense)” in the consolidated statements of income. Under $4SFAS No. 160,~~000,000~~ ~~(see~~“Net ~~note~~income” Iin the consolidated statements of income reflects 100 percent of Rio Vista results as the Company holds the controlling interest. “Net income” is subsequently adjusted to remove the noncontrolling (minority) interest to arrive at “Net income attributable to Penn Octane Corporation.” While this presentation is different than previously required by GAAP, the final net income results attributable to the Company are the same under SFAS No. 160 and the previous reporting method. Reclassifications were made to prior periods to conform to the new SFAS No. 160 presentation requirements.

InThe ~~May~~unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of March ~~2008~~31, ~~Penn~~2009, ~~Octane’s~~the ~~board~~unaudited consolidated statements of ~~directors~~operations ~~approved~~for athe ~~plan~~three tomonths ~~sell~~ended ~~its~~March 31, ~~fuel~~2008 ~~sales~~and ~~inventory~~2009 and the unaudited toconsolidated ~~cease~~statements of cash flows for the ~~Fuel~~three ~~Sales~~months ~~Business~~ended March 31, 2008 and 2009, have been prepared by the Company without audit. The ~~purpose~~Company’s ofindependent ~~this~~auditor ~~decision~~ was not engaged to ~~provide~~and ~~working~~did ~~capital~~not review the unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein prior to the deadline for filing this Form 10-Q, as required by Rule 10-01(d) of Regulation S-X ~~its~~promulgated ~~other~~under ~~business~~the ~~segments~~Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. ~~The~~In ~~assets~~the opinion of management, the ~~Fuel~~unaudited ~~Sales~~consolidated ~~Business~~financial ~~consisted~~statements include all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the unaudited consolidated financial position of ~~cash~~the Company as of March 31, 2009, the unaudited consolidated ~~accounts~~results ~~receivable~~of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and ~~inventories~~2009 and the unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009.

~~Basis~~Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of ~~Presentation~~America have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities Exchange Commission, although the Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information not misleading. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 and Rio Vista’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include Penn Octane and its United States subsidiaries including PennWilson CNG, Inc. (PennWilson), Rio Vista GP, LLC and Penn CNG Holdings, Inc. and Rio Vista and its U.S. and Mexican subsidiaries, including RVOP, Rio Vista Operating GP LLC, Rio Vista Penny LLC, GO LLC (GO), MV Pipeline Company (MV), Operating, Regional and Penn Octane International, L.L.C., and its Mexican subsidiaries, Penn Octane de Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V. (PennMex) and Termatsal, S. de R.L. de C.V. (Termatsal) and its consolidated affiliate, Tergas, S. de R.L. de C.V. (Tergas), collectively “the Company”. The Mexican subsidiaries were sold on December 31, 2007. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated.

The unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2008, the unaudited consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008 and the unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008, have been prepared by the Company without audit. In the opinion of management, the unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the unaudited consolidated financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2008, the unaudited consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008 and the unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities Exchange Commission, although the Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information not misleading. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 and Rio Vista’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period balances to conform to the current presentation. All reclassifications have been consistently applied to the periods presented.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE B — LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

The following tables present reconciliations from net loss from continuing operations per common share to loss from continuing operations per common share assuming dilution (see note HI for the warrants):

For the three months March 31, 2007

For the three months March 31, 2008

Loss

Per-Share

(Numerator)

(Denominator)

Amount

Net loss

(112,000

)

Net loss from continuing operations

(780,000

)

Basic EPS

Net loss available to common stockholders

(~~112~~780,000

)

15,~~386~~406,~~189~~187

(0.0105

)

Effect of Dilutive Securities

Warrants

—

Diluted EPS

Net loss available to common stockholders

N/A

For the three months March 31, 2008

For the three months March 31, 2009

Loss

Per-Share

(Numerator)

(Denominator)

Amount

Net loss

(780,000

)

Net loss from continuing operations

(319,000

)

Basic EPS

Net loss available to common stockholders

(~~780~~319,000

)

15,~~406~~416,187

(0.0502

)

Effect of Dilutive Securities

Warrants

—

Diluted EPS

Net loss available to common stockholders

N/A

NOTE C — SHARE-BASED AND UNIT-BASED PAYMENTS

Share-Based Payments

The Company routinely issues warrants to purchase common stock to non-employees for goods and services and to acquire or extend debt. The Company applies the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R) “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS 123R) and Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 14 “Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants” (APB 14) to account for such transactions. SFAS 123R requires that such transactions be accounted for at fair value. If the fair value of the goods and services or debt related transactions are not readily measurable, the fair value of the warrants is used to account for such transactions.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE C — SHARE-BASED ~~PAYMENT~~AND UNIT-BASED PAYMENTS — Continued

The Company routinely issues warrants to purchase common stock to non-employees for goods and services and to acquire or extend debt. The Company applies the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R) “Share-Based ~~Payment”~~Payments ~~(SFAS~~— ~~123R) and Accounting~~Continued Principles Board Opinion No. 14 “Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt Issued with Stock Purchase Warrants” (APB 14) to account for such transactions. SFAS 123R requires that such transactions be accounted for at fair value. If the fair value of the goods and services or debt related transactions are not readily measurable, the fair value of the warrants is used to account for such transactions.

The Company utilizes share-based awards as a form of compensation for employees, officers and directors. During the quarter ended March 31, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 123R for share-based payments to employees using the modified prospective application transition method. Under this method, previously reported amounts should not be restated to reflect the provisions of SFAS 123R. SFAS 123R requires measurement of all employee share-based payment awards using a fair-value method and recording of such expense in the consolidated financial statements over the requisite service period. The fair value concepts have not changed significantly in SFAS 123R; however, in adopting this standard, companies must choose among alternative valuation models and amortization assumptions. After assessing alternative valuation models and amortization assumptions, the Company will continue using both the Black-Scholes valuation model and straight-line amortization of compensation expense over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the grant. The Company will reconsider use of this model if additional information becomes available in the future that indicates another model would be more appropriate, or if grants issued in future periods have characteristics that cannot be reasonably estimated using this model. Previously, the Company had applied the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (APB 25) and related interpretations and elected to utilize the disclosure option of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (SFAS 123). ~~The Company recorded share-based payment expense for employees and~~ ~~nonemployees of $95,000 ($0.01 per common share) and $421,000 ($0.02 per common share) for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively under the fair value provisions of SFAS 123R.~~

~~NOTE~~The DCompany —recorded Ashare-based ~~FORMER~~payment ~~OFFICER~~expense OFfor ~~THE~~employees ~~COMPANY~~and ~~NOTES~~nonemployees of $421,000 ($0.02 per common share) and $37,000 ($0.00 per common share) for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively under the fair value provisions of SFAS 123R.

~~Note~~Unit-Based ~~Receivable~~Payments

OnRio ~~July 9,~~Vista ~~2007,~~may ~~the~~issue ~~board~~warrants ofto ~~directors~~purchase ofcommon ~~Penn~~units ~~Octane agreed~~ to ~~amend~~non-employees ~~the~~for ~~note~~goods ~~receivable~~and ~~from~~services ~~Mr. Jerome~~and B.to ~~Richter,~~acquire aor ~~former~~extend ~~officer~~debt. ofRio ~~the~~Vista ~~Company,~~applies ~~(Richter~~the ~~Note)~~provisions ~~whereby~~of ~~the~~Statement ~~Richter~~of ~~Note~~Financial ~~was~~Accounting ~~extended~~Standards ~~from July~~No. ~~29,~~123R ~~2007~~“Share-Based ~~until~~Payment” ~~January 1,~~(SFAS ~~2009,~~123R) and ~~agreed~~Accounting toPrinciples ~~reduce the balance of the~~Board ~~Richter~~Opinion ~~Note~~No. 14 to“Accounting anfor ~~outstanding~~Convertible ~~total~~Debt ~~amount~~and ofDebt ~~$1,500,000~~Issued aswith ~~consideration~~Stock ~~for~~Purchase ~~Mr. Richter’s~~Warrants” ~~services~~(APB to14) ~~Penn Octane and his agreement not~~ to ~~provide~~account ~~services~~ for ~~any~~such ~~competitors until January 1, 2009~~transactions. ~~Furthermore,~~SFAS on123R ~~August 10,~~requires ~~2007,~~that ~~the~~such ~~board~~transactions ~~of directors of Penn Octane agreed~~be toaccounted ~~discount the amount of the Richter Note to $1,200,000 as inducement~~ for ~~Mr. Richter~~at tofair ~~prepay his loan by August 15, 2007~~value. OnIf ~~July 25,~~the ~~2007~~fair ~~and~~value ~~August 10,~~of ~~2007, Mr. Richter paid~~ the ~~Company $600,000~~goods and ~~$600,000,~~services ~~respectively,~~or asdebt ~~full~~related transactions ~~satisfaction~~are ofnot ~~all~~readily ~~amounts~~measurable, ~~owing under~~ the ~~Richter Note.~~fair Asvalue ~~a result~~ of the ~~foregoing,~~warrants ~~the~~is ~~Company~~used ~~recorded a charge~~ to ~~compensation~~account ~~expense during~~for ~~the~~such ~~quarter ended June 30, 2007 in the amount of $378,000~~transactions.

Rio Vista utilizes unit-based awards as a form of compensation for employees, officers, managers and consultants of the General Partner. During the quarter ended March 31, 2006, Rio Vista adopted the provisions of SFAS 123R for unit-based payments to employees using the modified prospective application transition method. Under this method, previously reported amounts should not be restated to reflect the provisions of SFAS 123R. SFAS 123R requires measurement of all employee unit-based payment awards using a fair-value method and recording of such expense in the consolidated financial statements over the requisite service period. The fair value concepts have not changed significantly in SFAS 123R; however, in adopting this standard, companies must choose among alternative valuation models and amortization assumptions. After assessing alternative valuation models and amortization assumptions, Rio Vista will continue using both the Black-Scholes valuation model and straight-line amortization of compensation expense over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the grant. Rio Vista will reconsider use of this model if additional information becomes available in the future that indicates another model would be more appropriate, or if grants issued in future periods have characteristics that cannot be reasonably estimated using this model. Previously, Rio Vista had applied the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (APB 25) and related interpretations and elected to utilize the disclosure option of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (SFAS 123). Rio Vista recorded unit-based payment expense for employees and non-employees of $145,000 ($0.06 per common unit) and $28,000 ($0.01 per common unit) for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively under the fair-value provisions of SFAS 123R.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE D — ASALE ~~FORMER OFFICER~~ OF ~~THE~~REMAINING ~~COMPANY~~LPG ~~NOTES — Continued~~ASSETS

~~Note~~On ~~Payable~~December 31, 2008, Rio Vista received a claim from TransMontaigne related to the Holdback diligence deductions and working capital adjustment, pursuant to the Purchase and Sale Agreement. TransMontaigne claims a $316,000 working capital adjustment and $1,373,000 in connection with the indemnification obligations included in the Purchase and Sale Agreement. Rio Vista is working with TransMontaigne to define the scope of the adjustments to an amount which Rio Vista considers to be more realistic. Any amount which may subsequently be agreed to by TransMontaigne and Rio Vista shall first be charged to the $500,000 Holdback, and also is subject to the $1,000,000 limitation of indemnification. As of March 31, 2009, Rio Vista has accrued $220,000 to provide for these adjustments, in addition to the Holdback. Rio Vista’s management and its legal counsel believe that the amount of the TransMontaigne claim will be resolved within the amounts already provided.

On April 15, 2008, Mr. Richter agreed to loan Rio Vista $575,000 in exchange for a promissory note issued by Rio Vista and guaranteed by Penn Octane (Richter Note Payable). Under the terms of the Richter Note Payable, Rio Vista is required to repay the Richter Note Payable on the earlier of (i) the six (6) month anniversary of the Richter Note Payable, or (ii) the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Rio Vista (Due Date). The Richter Note Payable will accrue interest at an annual rate of 8 percent (8%). Proceeds from the Richter Note Payable were used for working capital.

NOTE E — PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment ~~consist~~consisted of the following:

	December 31,			March 31,
	2007			2008
	2008			2009
Oklahoma:
Pipelines and equipment	$	67,~~756~~417,000		$	7,~~048~~417,000
Regional:
Land		237,000			237,000
Terminal and improvements		34,~~825~~084,000			34,~~957~~120,000
Automotive equipment		2,~~438~~644,000			2,~~438~~644,000
		6,500,000			6,632,000
		6,965,000			7,001,000
		13,256,000			13,680,000
		14,382,000			14,418,000
Other		~~338~~290,000			~~370~~295,000
		13,594,000			14,050,000
		14,672,000			14,713,000
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(~~611~~1,982,000	)		(~~967~~2,272,000	)
	$	12,~~983~~690,000		$	1312,~~083~~441,000

~~Depreciation~~On ~~expense~~June 26, ~~of property~~2008, ~~plant~~MV Pipeline and ~~equipment~~Concorde ~~from~~Resources ~~operations~~Corporation ~~totaled~~(Concorde) ~~$167,000~~entered into a pipeline construction and transportation agreement whereby MV granted the right to Concorde to ~~$379,000~~construct ~~for~~gathering lines to connect Concorde wells to the ~~three~~MV ~~months~~transportation ~~ended~~system. ~~March 31,~~In connection ~~2007~~with ~~and~~the ~~2008~~agreement, ~~respectively~~MV has agreed to waive any transportation fees with respect to any gas which flows through the MV transportation system from these newly constructed gathering systems until such time that Concorde has received 200% of the costs associated with the construction of the gathering lines based on the usual rate charged by MV for transportation of product through its system.

~~NOTE~~Depreciation Fexpense —of ~~INVENTORIES~~property, plant and equipment from continuing operations totaled $379,000 and $290,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009, respectively.

	December 31, 2007				March 31, 2008
	Gallons		LCM		Gallons		LCM
Fuel Products		1,043,000	$	2,563,000		545,000	$	2,627,000

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE F — OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES AND RELATED EQUIPMENT, NET

Costs Incurred in Oil and Gas Property Acquisition, Exploration and Development Activities

The Company incurred approximately $3,000 of costs related to oil and gas property development for the three months ended March 31, 2009

Development costs include costs incurred to gain access to and prepare development well locations for drilling, to drill and equip development wells and to provide facilities to extract, treat and gather oil and gas.

The Company capitalizes costs related to drilling and development of oil and gas properties for specific activities related to drilling its wells, which includes site preparation, drilling labor, meter installation, pipeline connection and site reclamation.

NOTE G — DEBT OBLIGATIONS

Short-term debt obligations were as follows:


	December 31,		March 31,
	2008		2009

RZB Note	$	5,000,000	$	4,000,000
Richter Note Payable		575,000		575,000
Moores Note		—		300,000

	$	5,575,000	$	4,875,000

Long-term debt obligations were as follows:

TCW Credit Facility	$	24,700,000	$	24,700,000
Sellers’ Note — Regional		744,000		750,000
Moores Note		300,000		—
Other		137,000		137,000

		25,881,000		25,587,000
Less current portion		25,731,000		25,587,000

	$	150,000	$	—

	December 31,		March 31,
	2007		2008
RZB Note	$	5,000,000	$	5,000,000
Moores Note (net of discount of $7,000 and $1,000, respectively)		493,000		499,000
	$	5,493,000	$	5,499,000

RZB Note

~~Long~~In connection with the acquisition of Regional during July 2007, Rio Vista funded a portion of the acquisition through a loan of $5,000,000 (RZB Note) from RZB Finance LLC (RZB) dated July 26, 2007. The RZB Note was due on demand and if no demand, with a one-~~term~~year ~~debt~~maturity. ~~obligations~~The ~~were~~RZB Note carries a variable annual rate of interest equal to the higher of (a) the rate of interest established from time to time by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as ~~follows:~~its “base rate” or its “prime rate,” (3.25% at March 31, 2009), or (b) the weighted average overnight funds rate of the Federal Reserve System plus 0.50%, in each case plus a margin of 4.75% (Base Rate Margin). On July 27, 2008, the RZB Note was amended whereby the maturity date was extended until August 29, 2008. The RZB Note was not paid on August 29, 2008. During December 2008, Rio Vista entered into a third amendment to the RZB Note (Third Amendment). Under the terms of the Third Amendment, the maturity date of the RZB Note was extended to February 27, 2009. In addition, the interest rate calculation was modified to include a cost of funds rate definition in determining the base rate and the Base Rate Margin was increased to 7.0%. Under the terms of the Third Amendment, the net worth of Penn Octane, as defined, is required to be in excess of $3,300,000. In addition, the Third Amendment required Rio Vista to repay $1,000,000 of the RZB Note. Effective January 1, 2009, Penn Octane loaned Rio Vista the $1,000,000 of cash collateral held by RZB for purpose of making the required payment described above.

TCW Credit Facility (net of discount of $11,000 and $2,000, respectively)	$	23,689,000	$	23,698,000
Seller’s Note — Regional (net of discount of $78,000 and $59,000, respectively)		922,000		691,000
Other		137,000		137,000
		24,748,000		24,526,000
Less current portion		3,498,000		4,451,000
	$	21,250,000	$	20,075,000

Sellers’ Note — Regional

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE G — DEBT OBLIGATIONS — Continued

~~TCW~~RZB ~~Credit~~Note ~~Facility~~— Continued

~~The~~During ~~TCW Credit Facility is a $30~~February 2009,~~000,000~~ ~~senior secured credit facility available to~~ Rio Vista ~~Penn~~ ~~LLC~~entered ~~with~~into a ~~maturity~~fourth ~~date~~amendment ofto ~~August 29, 2010. The amount of~~ the ~~initial~~RZB ~~draw~~Note ~~under~~which ~~the~~extended ~~facility was $21,700,000, consisting of $16,750,000 in assumption of~~ the ~~existing~~maturity ~~indebtedness~~date ~~in the principal amount~~ of ~~$16,500,000 plus accrued but unpaid interest in~~ the ~~amount~~RZB ofNote ~~$250,000 owed~~through ~~by GM Oil to TCW~~March 31, ~~$1,950,000~~2009. inDuring ~~consideration for TCW to enter into the TCW Credit Facility with Rio Vista Penny and for Rio Vista Penny to purchase an overriding royalty interest (ORRI) held by an affiliate of TCW~~March 2009, ~~and $3,000,000 to fund the acquisition of the membership interests of GO by~~ Rio Vista ~~GO. TCW has also approved a plan of development (APOD) for the Oklahoma assets~~entered ~~totaling~~into ~~approximately $2,000,000 which was funded during December 2007. The TCW Credit Facility is secured by~~ a ~~first~~fifth ~~lien~~amendment ~~on all of the Oklahoma assets and associated production proceeds pursuant~~ to the RZB Note ~~Purchase~~which ~~Agreement,~~extends ~~Security Agreement and related agreements, including mortgages of~~ the ~~Oklahoma~~maturity ~~assets~~date ~~in favor~~ of ~~TCW. The interest rate is 10.5%, increasing to 12.5% if there is an event of default. Payments under~~ the ~~TCW~~RZB ~~Credit~~Note ~~Facility are interest-only until~~through ~~December~~April 2930, ~~2008~~2009. The ~~TCW~~RZB ~~Credit~~Note ~~Facility~~was ~~carries~~not nopaid ~~prepayment~~by ~~penalty. Rio Vista ECO LLC (an indirect~~April 30, ~~wholly-owned~~2009. ~~subsidiary of~~ Rio Vista and ~~the~~RZB ~~direct~~are ~~parent of Rio Vista Penny and Rio~~currently ~~Vista~~negotiating ~~GO),~~an ~~Rio~~additional ~~Vista~~extension ~~GO, GO and MV have each agreed to guarantee payment~~ of the ~~Notes~~RZB ~~payable to investors under the TCW Credit Facility~~Note.

~~Under~~In ~~the~~connection ~~terms~~with of the RZB Note, ~~Purchase~~Regional ~~Agreement,~~granted atto ~~any~~RZB ~~time~~a ~~during~~security ~~the~~interest ~~period~~in ~~from~~all ~~May 19,~~of ~~2008~~Regional’s ~~through November 19~~assets, ~~2009,~~including ~~TCW~~a ~~has~~deed ~~the right to demand payment~~ of ~~$2,200,000~~trust ofon ~~debt~~real ~~(Demand Loan).~~property ~~Beginning~~owned ~~May 19,~~by ~~2008~~Regional, ~~TCW~~and ~~also~~Rio ~~has~~Vista ~~the~~delivered ~~right~~ to RZB ~~convert~~a ~~the~~pledge ~~outstanding principal amount~~ of the ~~Demand~~outstanding ~~Loan~~capital ~~into~~stock ~~common~~of ~~units~~Regional. ofOn ~~Rio~~July 26, ~~Vista~~2007, atas a ~~price~~further condition ~~equal~~of to the ~~lesser~~Loan ofAgreement, ~~$13.33~~Penn ~~per unit~~Octane oralso ~~90%~~entered ofinto ~~the~~a ~~20-day~~Guaranty ~~average~~& ~~trading~~Agreement ~~price~~(Guaranty) with ofRZB. ~~such~~Pursuant ~~units~~to ~~preceding~~ the ~~election to convert. Beginning November 19~~Guaranty, ~~2008,~~Penn ~~TCW~~Octane ~~has~~agreed ~~the right~~ to ~~convert~~guaranty ~~the~~all ~~balance~~ of the ~~debt under the TCW~~indebtedness, ~~Credit~~liabilities ~~Facility~~and ~~into~~obligations ~~common units~~ of Rio Vista ~~at a price equal~~ to ~~90%~~RZB ofunder the ~~20-day~~Loan ~~average trading~~Agreement ~~price~~and ~~of such units preceding the election to convert~~otherwise. ~~Rio~~The ~~Vista~~RZB Note ~~has~~is ~~agreed~~also toguaranteed ~~file~~by ~~with the~~Regional ~~Securities~~ and Exchange Commission (SEC) a registration statement on Form S-3 covering the common units issued pursuant to the conversion feature within 90 days following the first exercise of the conversion featureRVOP.

~~Rio~~Moores ~~Vista Penny and Rio Vista GO, which hold the Oklahoma assets, are prohibited from making~~Note upstream distributions to Rio Vista until December 2008. Thereafter, upstream distributions to Rio Vista not in excess of 75% of quarterly cash flow are permitted subject to certain conditions. In addition, the TCW Credit Facility agreement requires semi-annual reserve reports by an independent engineer which is used in determining the allowable borrowing base. The initial report is due June 1, 2008.

~~Other~~In connection with the purchase of the Penny Assets, Rio Vista issued a promissory note with the principal amount of $500,000 bearing interest at 7% per annum (Moores Note) payable to Gary Moores on May 19, 2008. Under the terms of the Moores Note, beginning February 19, 2008, Gary Moores had the option to convert the outstanding principal and interest of the Moores Note into common units of Rio Vista which option was not exercised and expired on May 19, 2008. The Moores Note was not paid upon maturity.

On June 27, 2008, the Moores Note was amended (Amended Moores Note). In connection with the Amended ~~note~~Moores ~~payable~~Note, ~~for~~Rio ~~legal~~Vista ~~services~~made a principal payment of $100,000, ~~the~~plus ~~Company~~accrued ~~has~~interest through ~~not~~that ~~made~~date ~~all~~and the maturity date of the remaining principal balance was extended to ~~required~~November 19, ~~payments~~2008. ~~The~~In ~~Company~~addition, ~~provided~~the ainterest ~~“Stipulation~~rate on the remaining balance of ~~Judgment”~~the Moores Note was increased to 10% per annum. Simultaneously with the ~~creditor~~amendment atof the ~~time~~Moores Note, Penny agreed to the ~~note~~sale and transfer of certain goods and chattels to Gary Moores in exchange for $100,000 ~~legal~~which ~~services~~was paid through a credit against the outstanding principal balance due under the Moores Note and Penny also received from a company owned by Gary Moores, a used vehicle with nominal value, to be used by Penny for general operations. The Amended Moores Note was ~~issued~~not paid upon maturity. In November 2008, Gary Moores filed a civil action against Rio Vista as a result of the non-payment (Civil Action).

~~Beneficial~~On ~~Conversion~~January 20, ~~Features~~2009, the Moores Note was once again amended (Second Amended Moores Note). In connection with the Second Amended Moores Note, Rio Vista agreed to make monthly principal payments of $12,500 plus interest beginning May 10, 2009 and to continue such payments for 5 consecutive months. Each month thereafter, Rio Vista is required to make principal payments of $37,500 plus interest until all amounts due and payable have been paid. The May 10, 2009 principal payment was not made. In addition, in connection with the Second Amended Moores Note, Gary Moores agreed to dismiss the Civil Action.

In connection with the issuance of the Moores Note and TCW Credit Facility, Rio Vista recorded a beneficial conversion feature as interest expense and debt discount for the difference between carrying amount of the debt obligations and the estimated fair value of the common units to be issued upon conversion in the amount of $25,000. The amortization of the debt discount totaled approximately $14,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE HG — ~~STOCK~~DEBT ~~WARRANTS~~OBLIGATIONS — Continued

~~2001~~Richter ~~Warrant~~Note ~~Plan~~Payable

On ~~January~~April 2815, 2008, ~~the~~Mr. Jerome ~~Board~~B. ofRichter, ~~Directors~~a former officer of Penn Octane, ~~approved~~agreed ~~the~~to ~~grant~~loan ofRio Vista ~~warrants~~$575,000 ~~to purchase~~in exchange for a ~~total~~promissory ofnote ~~146,250~~issued ~~shares~~by ofRio ~~common~~Vista, ~~stock~~guaranteed ~~under~~by Penn Octane’s (Richter ~~2001~~Note ~~Warrant~~Payable) ~~Plan~~and ~~to certain~~collateralized ~~outside~~by ~~members of~~ the ~~Board~~assets of ~~Directors~~Rio ofVista, ~~Penn~~subject ~~Octane.~~to ~~The~~the ~~exercise~~consent ~~price for the~~of ~~warrants~~RZB isand $2TCW.35 ~~per~~Under ~~share,~~the ~~which~~terms ~~was~~of the ~~closing~~Richter ~~price~~Note ~~for~~Payable, ~~Penn~~Rio ~~Octane~~Vista ~~common~~is ~~stock~~required asto ~~reported by~~repay the Richter ~~OTC~~Note ~~Bulletin~~Payable ~~Board~~ on ~~January~~November 2815, 2008. ~~Warrants~~which ~~granted~~payment towas ~~outside~~not ~~directors~~made. ~~are~~Rio ~~fully~~Vista and Mr. Richter ~~vested~~are onnegotiating an extension of the due date. ofThe ~~grant~~Richter ~~and~~Note ~~expire~~Payable ~~five~~accrues ~~years~~interest at an annual rate of 8 percent (8%). Proceeds from the ~~date~~Richter ofNote ~~grant~~Payable were used for working capital.

~~NOTE~~TCW ICredit ~~— COMMON UNITS AND OPTIONS OF RIO VISTA~~Facility

~~Common~~The ~~Units~~TCW Credit Facility is a $30,000,000 senior secured credit facility available to Rio Vista Penny LLC with a maturity date of August 29, 2010. The amount of the initial draw under the facility was $21,700,000, consisting of $16,750,000 in assumption of the existing indebtedness in the principal amount of $16,500,000 plus accrued but unpaid interest in the amount of $250,000 owed by GM Oil to TCW, $1,950,000 in consideration for TCW to enter into the TCW Credit Facility with Rio Vista Penny and for Rio Vista Penny to purchase an overriding royalty interest (ORRI) held by an affiliate of TCW, and $3,000,000 to fund the acquisition of the membership interests of GO by Rio Vista GO. TCW also approved a plan of development (APOD) for the Oklahoma assets totaling approximately $2,000,000, which was funded during December 2007. The TCW Credit Facility is secured by a first lien on all of the Oklahoma assets and associated production proceeds pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement, Security Agreement and related agreements, including mortgages of the Oklahoma assets in favor of TCW. The interest rate is 10.5%, increasing an additional 2% if there is an event of default (see below). Payments under the TCW Credit Facility were interest-only until December 29, 2008. The TCW Credit Facility carries no prepayment penalty. Rio Vista ECO LLC (an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Rio Vista and the direct parent of Rio Vista Penny and Rio Vista GO), Rio Vista GO, GO and MV have each agreed to guarantee payment of the Notes payable to the lenders under the TCW Credit Facility.

OnUnder ~~June~~the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement, at any time during the period from May 2919, ~~2007~~2008 through November 19, 2009, TCW had the ~~Board~~right to demand payment of ~~Managers~~$2,200,000 of ~~the~~debt ~~General~~(Demand Loan). ~~Partner~~Beginning ofMay 19, ~~Rio~~2008, ~~Vista~~TCW ~~approved~~also has the ~~grant~~right ~~of a~~to ~~restricted~~convert ~~unit~~the ~~bonus~~outstanding principal amount of ~~25,000~~the Demand Loan into common units ~~under~~of Rio Vista’s ~~2005~~at ~~Equity~~a ~~Incentive~~price ~~Plan~~equal to anthe lesser of $13.33 per ~~executive~~unit ~~officer~~or 90% of the ~~General~~20-day ~~Partner.~~average ~~The~~trading ~~restricted~~price ~~unit~~of ~~bonus~~such ~~vested~~units aspreceding tothe ~~8,334~~election ~~units~~to onconvert. ~~July~~Beginning November 119, ~~2007~~2008, ~~and~~TCW anhas ~~additional~~the ~~8,333~~right ~~units~~to onconvert ~~January 1,~~the ~~2008,~~balance ~~with~~of the ~~remaining~~debt ~~8,333~~under ~~units~~the TCW ~~vesting~~Credit onFacility ~~July 1,~~into ~~2008~~common orunits ~~upon~~of aRio ~~change~~Vista inat ~~control~~a ~~event.~~price Inequal ~~connection~~to ~~with~~90% of the ~~grant~~20-day ofaverage ~~restricted~~trading ~~units,~~price ~~the Board~~ of ~~Managers~~such ~~also~~units ~~approved~~preceding the ~~payment~~election to ~~the~~convert. ~~executive~~The ~~officer~~conversion rights of ~~one~~TCW as ordescribed ~~more~~above ~~cash~~were ~~bonuses~~formalized inthrough ~~amounts~~the ~~sufficient,~~issuance onof ana ~~after-tax~~warrant ~~basis,~~by toRio ~~cover~~Vista ~~all~~(TCW ~~taxes~~Warrant). Rio ~~payable~~Vista ~~by the~~has ~~executive~~agreed ~~officer~~to file with ~~respect~~ the ~~award~~Securities ofand ~~restricted~~Exchange ~~units~~Commission to(SEC) a ~~him.~~registration statement ~~Total~~on ~~compensation~~Form ~~to be~~S-3 ~~recorded~~covering ~~under~~the common units issued pursuant to the ~~aforementioned~~TCW ~~grant~~Warrant ofwithin ~~units~~90 days following asthe ~~they~~first ~~vest~~exercise ~~totals~~of ~~$280,000~~the TCW Warrant.

~~Private~~Rio ~~Placement~~Vista ofPenny ~~Common~~and ~~Units~~Rio Vista GO, which hold the Oklahoma Assets, are prohibited from making upstream distributions to Rio Vista unless certain conditions are met. In addition, the TCW Credit Facility requires semi-annual reserve reports by an independent engineer which is used in determining the allowable borrowing base.

On November 29, 2007, Rio Vista and the General Partner, entered into a Unit Purchase Agreement with Standard General Fund L.P., Credit Suisse Management LLC and Structured Finance Americas LLC (collectively, the Purchasers) dated effective as of November 29, 2007 (the Unit Purchase Agreement). Pursuant to the terms of the Unit Purchase Agreement, Rio Vista agreed to sell, and the Purchasers agreed to purchase, a total of 355,556 common units of Rio Vista (the Common Units) at a price of $11.25 per share in a private placement exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act). The total purchase price of the Common Units was $4,000,000. Rio Vista agreed to pay expenses of counsel to the Purchasers in an amount not to exceed $100,000. Rio Vista used the net proceeds from the sale of the Common Units for general working capital purposes, including repayment of indebtedness. Rio Vista agreed not to offer or sell any of its equity securities (including equity securities of subsidiaries) for a period of 12 months following the closing date without first offering such securities to the Purchasers, which shall have the right to purchase up to 30% of such securities.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE IG — ~~COMMON~~DEBT ~~UNITS~~OBLIGATIONS ~~AND OPTIONS OF RIO VISTA~~ — Continued

~~Private~~TCW ~~Placement~~Credit ofFacility ~~Common Units~~ — Continued

On ~~December~~September 329, ~~2007~~2008, Rio Vista ~~and~~Penny ~~Standard General~~ entered into a ~~Registration~~First ~~Rights~~Amendment ~~Agreement (~~to the ~~“Registration~~Note ~~Rights~~ Purchase Agreement”) ~~pursuant~~(First toTCW ~~which~~Amendment) ~~Rio~~with ~~Vista~~TCW. ~~agreed~~Under ~~to provide to~~ the ~~Purchasers~~ ~~registration~~terms ~~rights~~of ~~with respect to~~ the ~~Common~~First ~~Units.~~TCW ~~Pursuant~~Amendment, ~~to the Registration~~TCW ~~Rights~~agreed ~~Agreement,~~to fund Rio Vista ~~agreed~~Penny toan ~~file~~additional $1,000,000 ~~within~~under ~~90 days after~~ the ~~closing~~TCW ~~date~~Credit Facility for ~~the sale of~~certain ~~the~~APOD ~~Common~~costs ~~Units,~~as adescribed ~~shelf~~in ~~registration~~the ~~statement~~First ~~under~~TCW ~~the~~Amendment. ~~Securities~~In ~~Act~~addition, tounder ~~permit~~ the ~~public resale~~terms of the ~~Common~~First ~~Units from time to time~~TCW Amendment, ~~including~~the ~~resale~~interest onrate ~~a delayed or continuous basis as permitted by Rule 415~~ under the ~~Securities~~TCW ~~Act.~~Credit ~~Rio~~Facility ~~Vista~~increased ~~agreed~~from to10.5% ~~use~~per ~~its~~annum ~~best efforts~~ to ~~cause~~12.5% ~~the~~per ~~registration~~annum ~~statement~~beginning toJuly 1, ~~become~~2008. ~~effective~~Under ~~on or before~~ the ~~date~~terms of ~~filing of Rio Vista’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for~~ the ~~year~~First ~~ending~~TCW ~~December 31~~Amendment, ~~2007~~TCW ~~but~~agreed ~~no later than~~to ~~April 14,~~change ~~2008.~~the Onperiod ~~February 13,~~for ~~2008,~~which ~~Rio Vista filed~~ a ~~Form~~notice ~~S-3 with the SEC. The form S-3 is expected~~ to bedemand ~~declared~~repayment ~~effective~~from ~~during the second quarter of 2008.~~ Rio Vista isPenny ~~required~~of up to ~~pay~~$2,200,000 ~~liquidated~~of ~~damages~~indebtedness tounder ~~Standard General if~~ the ~~registration~~TCW ~~statement~~Credit ~~was~~Facility ~~not~~from ~~declared effective by April~~May 1419, 2008 as to ~~all of the Common Units. In general~~January 1, ~~the~~2009 ~~amount~~and ofRio ~~such damages equals 1%~~Vista ofPenny ~~the~~also ~~purchase~~agreed ~~price~~to ofextend the ~~unregistered~~demand ~~Common~~repayment ~~Units~~option ~~for~~on ~~each~~the ~~period~~$2,200,000 ofthrough ~~30 days~~the ~~for~~date ~~which such~~of ~~units~~maturity ~~remain unregistered. If payment~~ of ~~such~~the ~~damages~~TCW inCredit ~~cash~~Facility. ~~would~~In ~~result~~addition, ~~in a default~~ under ~~any credit~~the ~~agreement~~terms of ~~Rio~~the ~~Vista,~~First inTCW ~~lieu~~Amendment, ~~of a cash payment Rio Vista may issue additional common~~TCW ~~units~~has atagreed ~~a discount of 5%~~ to ~~the~~waive ~~closing~~other ~~price~~defaults ~~for~~identified ~~such~~in ~~units~~the asFirst ~~reported~~TCW byAmendment ~~the~~which ~~Nasdaq~~either ~~Global~~occurred ~~Market.~~and/or ~~Liquidated~~were ~~damages~~existing inprior to the ~~amount~~date of ~~$80,000 are included in expense for~~ the ~~three~~First ~~months ended~~TCW ~~March 31, 2008~~Amendment.

OnIn ~~March~~addition, on September 729, 2008, ~~the~~in ~~Board~~connection ofwith ~~Managers of~~ the ~~General~~TCW ~~Partner~~Credit ~~approved~~Facility, ~~the~~Rio ~~grant~~Vista ~~of a unit bonus~~Penny, ofRio 8Vista,~~812~~ ~~common~~Operating ~~units~~and ~~under~~TCW ~~Rio~~entered ~~Vista’s~~into ~~2005~~an ~~Equity~~Amended ~~Incentive~~and ~~Plan~~Restated toManagement anServices ~~executive~~Agreement (Amended ~~officer~~MSA). ofUnder the ~~General~~ ~~Partner.~~terms ~~The~~of ~~amount~~the ofAmended ~~units~~MSA, ~~granted~~Operating was ~~based~~named onas ~~the~~manager ~~average~~ of the Oklahoma ~~high~~properties, ~~and~~replacing ~~low~~Northport ~~sale prices~~Production ~~for~~Company, ~~Rio~~an ~~Vista~~Oklahoma ~~common~~corporation, ~~units~~which was previously named as ~~reported~~manager byunder the ~~NASDAQ~~original ~~Stock~~management ~~Market~~services ~~on March 7, 2008~~agreement.

OnRio ~~March 7,~~Vista ~~2008,~~Penny aand ~~total~~TCW ofentered ~~61,875~~into ~~options~~several letter agreements whereby TCW agreed to ~~acquire~~extend ~~common~~the payment ~~units~~obligations ofunder ~~Rio~~the ~~Vista~~TCW ~~were~~Credit ~~exercised~~Facility (including the December 2008 and March 2009 byprincipal ~~holders~~payments ofand ~~such~~interest ~~options.~~payments ~~Total~~due) ~~proceeds~~and ~~received~~other ~~from~~requirements pursuant to the ~~exercises~~TCW ~~were~~Credit Facility ~~$774~~until May 20,~~000~~ 2009 (TCW Waiver). In ~~addition,~~ onconnection ~~March 7,~~with ~~2008,~~one 15of the extensions,~~625~~ ~~options~~the toTCW Waiver ~~acquire~~was ~~common~~modified ~~units~~whereby ofTCW agreed to provide Rio Vista ~~were~~with ~~exercised~~62 days ~~by a~~advance ~~holder~~written ~~through~~notice to exercise the ~~offset~~TCW ofWarrant, aexcept ~~severance~~for ~~obligation~~up into ~~connection~~400,000 ~~with~~common ~~that~~units ~~employee’s termination~~of Rio Vista.

Sellers’ Note — Regional

In connection with the Regional acquisition, Regional issued a promissory note in the amount of $1,000,000 to be paid in four equal semiannual installments of $250,000 beginning January 27, 2008. Rio Vista recorded a discount of $116,000 (10% effective rate), representing the portion of interest associated with the note, which was to be amortized over the term of the note. During January 2008, the first installment was paid. On July 27, 2008 and January 27, 2009, the second and third installment was due to be paid. Regional did not make the second or third installment payments as it believes that there exists offsets in connection with the acquisition of Regional in excess of the payments. For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009, $19,000 and $0, respectively, of the discount was amortized.

Other

In connection with the note payable for legal services, the Company has not made all of the required payments. The Company provided a “Stipulation of Judgment” to the creditor at the time the note for legal services was issued.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE IH — COMMON UNITS AND OPTIONS OF RIO VISTA ~~— Continued~~

~~Private~~The ~~Placement~~common units represent limited partner interests in Rio Vista. The holders of ~~Common~~common ~~Units~~units are —entitled ~~Continued~~to participate in Rio Vista’s distributions and exercise the rights or privileges available to limited partners under the partnership agreement. The holders of common units have only limited voting rights on matters affecting Rio Vista. Holders of common units have no right to elect the General Partner or its managers on an annual or other continuing basis. Penn Octane elects the managers of the General Partner. Although the General Partner has a fiduciary duty to manage Rio Vista in a manner beneficial to Rio Vista and its unitholders, the managers of the General Partner also have a fiduciary duty to manage the General Partner in a manner beneficial to Penn Octane and the other owners of the General Partner. The General Partner generally may not be removed except upon the vote of the holders of at least 80% of the outstanding common units; provided, however, if at any time any person or group, other than the General Partner and its affiliates, or a direct or subsequently approved transferee of the General Partner or its affiliates, acquires, in the aggregate, beneficial ownership of 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, that person or group will lose voting rights on all of its units and the units may not be voted on any matter and will not be considered to be outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of unitholders, calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes. In addition, the partnership agreement contains provisions limiting the ability of holders of common units to call meetings or to acquire information about Rio Vista’s operations, as well as other provisions limiting the holders of common units ability to influence the manner or direction of management.

The common units represent limited partner interests in Rio Vista. The holders of common units are entitled to participate in Rio Vista’s distributions and exercise the rights or privileges available to limited partners under the partnership agreement. The holders of common units have only limited voting rights on matters affecting Rio Vista. Holders of common units have no right to elect the General Partner or its managers on an annual or other continuing basis. Penn Octane elects the managers of the General Partner. Although the General Partner has a fiduciary duty to manage Rio Vista in a manner beneficial to Rio Vista and its unitholders, the managers of the General Partner also have a fiduciary duty to manage the General Partner in a manner beneficial to Penn Octane and the other owners of the General Partner. The General Partner generally may not be removed except upon the vote of the holders of at least 80% of the outstanding common units; provided, however, if at any time any person or group, other than the General Partner and its affiliates, or a direct or subsequently approved transferee of the General Partner or its affiliates, acquires, in the aggregate, beneficial ownership of 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, that person or group will lose voting rights on all of its units and the units may not be voted on any matter and will not be considered to be outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of unitholders, calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes. In addition, the partnership agreement contains provisions limiting the ability of holders of common units to call meetings or to acquire information about Rio Vista’s operations, as well as other provisions limiting the ability of holders of common units to influence the manner or direction of management.

The General Partner generally has unlimited liability for the obligations of Rio Vista, such as its debts and environmental liabilities, except for those contractual obligations of Rio Vista that are expressly made without recourse to the General Partner.

Distributions of Available Cash

All Rio Vista unitholders have the right to receive distributions from Rio Vista of “available cash” (as defined in the partnership agreement) in an amount equal to at least the minimum distribution of $0.25 per quarter per unit, plus any arrearages in the payment of the minimum quarterly distribution on the units from prior quarters subject to any reserves determined by the General Partner. The General Partner has a right to receive a distribution corresponding to its 2% General Partner interest and the incentive distribution rights described below. The distributions are to be paid within 45 days after the end of each calendar quarter. However, Rio Vista is prohibited from making any distributions to unitholders if it would cause an event of default, or an event of default exists, under any obligation of Penn Octane which Rio Vista has guaranteed.

In addition to its 2% General Partner interest, the General Partner is currently the holder of incentive distribution rights which entitled the holder to an increasing portion of cash distributions as described in the partnership agreement. As a result, cash distributions from Rio Vista are shared by the holders of the common units and the General Partner interest based on a formula whereby the General Partner receives disproportionately more distributions per percentage interest than the holders of the common units as annual cash distributions exceed certain milestones.

During July 2008, Penn Octane approved the loan of approximately $700,000 to Rio Vista which amount is included in due to Penn Octane Corporation in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet for the specific purpose of funding Rio Vista’s June 2008 quarterly distribution.

The amount of the distributions paid through the June 2008 quarterly distributions represented the minimum quarterly distributions required to be made by Rio Vista pursuant to the partnership agreement. Rio Vista has not declared a distribution for the quarters ended September 30, 2008, December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE IH — COMMON UNITS AND OPTIONS OF RIO VISTA — Continued

~~Distributions~~TCW ~~of Available Cash — Continued~~Warrant

Under the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement, TCW has the right to convert the outstanding principal amount of the Demand Loan into common units of Rio Vista ~~made~~at a price equal to the ~~following~~lesser of ~~distributions~~$13.33 ~~subsequent~~per unit or 90% of the 20-day average trading price of such units preceding the election to ~~December~~convert. In addition, TCW has the right to convert any balance of the debt under the TCW Credit Facility other than the Demand Loan into common units of Rio Vista at a price equal to 90% of the 20-day average trading price of such units preceding the election to convert. The conversion rights of TCW as described above were formalized through the issuance of a warrant by Rio Vista (TCW Warrant). At March 31, ~~2007:~~2009, the outstanding balance owing under the TCW Credit Facility was approximately $24,700,000 plus accrued interest since September 29, 2008.

					Amounts Paid
Quarter	Payment		Distribution		Common		General
Ended	Date		Per Unit		Units		Partner
December 2007		02/14/08	$	0.25	$	607,000	$	12,000
March 2008		05/16/08	$	0.25	$	629,000	$	13,000

NOTE I — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Common Unit Options

On January 23, 2008, the board of managers of the General Partner approved the grant of options to purchase a total of 16,250 common units under Rio Vista’s 2005 Equity Incentive Plan to certain outside members of the board of managers of the General Partner. The exercise price for the options is $14.42 per unit, which was the average of the high and low sale prices for Rio Vista common units as reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market on January 23, 2008. Options granted to outside managers are fully vested on the date of grant and expire five years from the date of grant. These issuances were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to Section 4(2) thereof because the issuances do not involve any public offering of securities.

NOTE J — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Proceedings

Penn Octane, Rio Vista and/or Rio Vista’s subsidiaries were named as defendants in two ~~lawsuits~~ lawsuits filed in connection with an accident in the town of Lucio Blanco, Mexico on August 11, 2005, involving a tanker truck carrying LPG which was struck by a train resulting in an explosion. None of Penn Octane, Rio Vista or any of Rio Vista’s subsidiaries owned or operated the tanker truck or employed or controlled the driver of the tanker truck. ~~Further~~ Furthermore, none of Penn Octane, Rio Vista or any of Rio Vista’s subsidiaries owned or had custody of the LPG on the tanker truck at the time and location of the accident.

The tanker truck reportedly took delivery of LPG at the Matamoros Terminal Facility operated under agreement with Rio Vista’s Mexican subsidiaries. According to the lawsuits, after leaving the Matamoros Terminal Facility, the tanker truck was involved in a collision with a train in Lucio Blanco, Mexico, resulting in a tragic explosion that killed and injured several persons and caused significant property damage. Published reports indicate that the truck used a road not approved for large trucks and failed to stop at an unprotected rail crossing, resulting in the collision and explosion. The insurance carrier for the owner of the tanker truck has settled certain claims in Mexico with victims of the accident.

Even though the accident took place in Mexico, these lawsuits were filed in Texas. The first case is captioned Lesly Camacho by Her Mother Dora Adame as Next Friend, et al. vs. Penn Octane International LLC, et al and was filed in the 404^th Judicial District Court for Cameron County, Texas on September 26, 2005. The plaintiffs seek unspecified monetary damages. On August 16, 2006 with the consent of the parties, the Court issued an amended order for temporary injunction for the purpose of preserving relevant evidence. The amended injunction required a subsidiary of Rio Vista to make available for inspection by plaintiffs Rio Vista’s terminal facilities in Brownsville, Texas and Matamoros, Mexico and associated equipment and records. The order also required Rio Vista to give 30 days’ advance notice to plaintiffs before conducting any alteration, repair, service, work or changes to the facilities or equipment. In addition, the order required Rio Vista to make available its employees for deposition by the plaintiffs and to secure and preserve certain physical evidence believed to be located in Mexico. The Brownsville, Texas terminal facility was sold to TransMontaigne Product Services Inc. on August 22, 2006. In January 2007, this case was removed to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Brownsville Division. In July 2007, the case was remanded to the state court in Cameron County, Texas. In August 2007, plaintiffs filed an amended petition alleging that defendants delivered the LPG to an unqualified driver and that defendants failed to properly odorize the LPG before delivery.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE JI — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES — Continued

Legal Proceedings — Continued

~~Even~~In ~~though~~December ~~the~~of ~~accident took place in Mexico~~2008, ~~these~~one ~~lawsuits~~of ~~were filed in Texas. The first case is captioned Lesly Camacho by Her Mother Dora Adame as Next Friend, et al. vs. Penn Octane International LLC, et al and was filed in~~ the ~~404th~~insurance ~~Judicial District Court for Cameron County~~carriers, ~~Texas~~Ace ~~on September 26~~Insurance, ~~2005.~~tendered ~~The~~its ~~plaintiffs~~limit ~~seek unspecified monetary damages.~~of ~~On August 16~~$1, ~~2006 with the consent of the parties~~000,000 ~~the~~in ~~Court~~settlement ~~issued an amended order for temporary injunction for the purpose~~ of ~~preserving~~all ~~relevant~~claims ~~evidence.~~brought ~~The amended injunction required a subsidiary of Rio Vista to make available for inspection~~ by ~~plaintiffs~~American ~~Rio~~citizens ~~Vista’s terminal~~who ~~facilities~~were injured in ~~Brownsville, Texas and Matamoros, Mexico and associated equipment and~~the ~~records~~explosion. ~~The~~Those ~~order~~claims ~~also~~were ~~required Rio Vista to give 30 days advance notice to plaintiffs before conducting any alteration, repair, service, work or changes to the facilities or equipment~~dismissed. ~~In addition,~~The ~~the~~legal ~~order~~damages ~~required~~that ~~Rio~~can ~~Vista~~be torecovered ~~make available its employees for deposition~~ by the remaining plaintiffs ~~and~~will ~~to secure and preserve certain physical evidence believed to~~ be ~~located~~governed ~~in Mexico.~~by ~~The~~Mexican ~~Brownsville~~law, ~~Texas~~which ~~terminal~~provides ~~facility was sold to TransMontaigne Product Services Inc. on August 22~~limited, ~~2006. In January 2007, this case was removed to the U.S. District Court for~~scheduled ~~the Southern District of Texas, Brownsville Division~~recovery. InThis ~~July 2007,~~is ~~the~~deemed ~~case~~favorable ~~was remanded~~ to ~~the~~ ~~state~~Rio ~~court in Cameron County, Texas~~Vista. InRio ~~August 2007,~~Vista’s ~~plaintiffs~~legal ~~filed~~fees ~~an amended petition alleging that defendants delivered the LPG to an unqualified driver~~ and ~~that~~settlement ~~defendants failed~~costs towere ~~properly~~covered ~~odorize~~by ~~the LPG before delivery~~insurance. ~~Discovery is being conducted and it is~~ ~~anticipated that a trial on a limited number of the Plaintiffs will take place during September 2008 or October 2008.~~

~~The~~Since ~~second~~that ~~case~~settlement, isthe ~~captioned~~remaining ~~Faustino~~insurance ~~Izaguirre~~carrier ~~Gonzalez,~~was etLexington ~~al.~~Insurance vsCompany (Lexington). ~~Penn~~On ~~Octane~~December 13, ~~Corporation~~2007, etLexington filed a declaratory action complaint against ~~al.~~Penn Octane, Rio Vista and ~~was~~their ~~filed~~related entities in the ~~107th~~United ~~Judicial~~States District Court ~~for~~in ~~Cameron~~the Southern ~~County,~~District of Texas, on(Brownsville) requesting the US Federal Court to rule that the ~~November 14,~~plaintiff ~~2005~~has no obligation to defend Penn Octane and the Rio Vista related entities in the Camacho litigation based on alleged coverage exceptions. ~~The~~Federal ~~plaintiffs~~jurisdiction ~~sought~~was ~~unspecified~~contested and ~~monetary~~the ~~damages~~case moved to state court. In ~~March 2007~~a subsequent pleading, Lexington assumed the defense ~~Company~~of ~~entered~~Penn ~~into~~Octane aand ~~settlement~~Rio ~~agreement~~Vista. ~~with~~However, there remains undetermined the ~~plaintiffs~~obligation onby ~~terms~~Lexington to ~~deemed~~provide ~~favorable~~indemnification to Penn Octane and Rio Vista from any judgment resulting from the ~~Company~~Camacho suit. ~~Pursuant~~Cross tomotions for summary judgment were filed by the ~~settlement~~parties, ~~agreement~~and ~~this~~the ~~case~~court ruled ~~was~~that ~~dismissed~~the ininsurance ~~April 2007~~policy issued by Lexington did cover the incident which accrued in Mexico. ~~The~~Lexington has subsequently filed a Notice of Appeal, and is proceeding to appeal the ~~Company~~trial court’s ~~legal~~ruling. ~~fees~~Nevertheless, ~~and~~Lexington ~~settlement~~continues ~~costs~~to ~~were~~provide ~~covered~~a bydefense to Rio Vista in the Camacho case. As the case currently stands, the trial court has ruled that insurance coverage does exist to provide coverage in the Camacho case.

OnThe December 13, 2007, Lexington Insurance Company (Lexington) filed a declaratory action complaint against Penn Octane, Rio Vista and their related entities in the United States District Court in the Southern District of Texas (Brownsville) requesting the US Federal Court to rule that the plaintiff has no obligation to defend Penn Octane and the Rio Vista related entities in the Camacho ~~and Gonzalez litigation based on alleged coverage exceptions. Federal jurisdiction was contested and the~~ case ~~moved to state court. A trial date~~ is ~~currently~~not presently set for ~~September 2008~~trial. ~~According~~It tois ~~local~~anticipated ~~counsel,~~that ~~Gonzalez~~a ~~was~~small ~~referenced~~group inof plaintiffs ~~the~~will ~~original~~be ~~complaint~~identified ~~only~~by ~~because~~ the ~~plaintiff’s~~court, ~~lawyers~~and ~~were unaware~~ that ~~Gonzalez~~group ~~had~~will ~~been~~be ~~settled~~set ~~prior~~for ~~to filing~~trial. It is ~~unclear,~~anticipated ~~however,~~that to the ~~extent~~trial ~~Lexington~~group iswill ~~successful~~not inbe ~~its~~set ~~action,~~until ~~whether~~ the ~~plaintiff~~fall ~~will request repayment~~ of ~~all~~2009. ~~settlement~~No ~~and litigation expenses paid by the insurance carrier in~~judgment ~~Gonzalez.~~following ~~Furthermore, if there is a determination~~ that ~~there~~trial iswill nobecome ~~insurance~~final ~~coverage~~until ~~resulting in Penn Octane and Rio Vista having to fund~~ all ~~defense~~plaintiffs ~~costs as well as any material settlement or judgment amount in the Camacho suit, this could~~ have agone ~~material~~to ~~adverse effect on Penn Octane’s and Rio Vista’s business, financial condition and results of operations~~trial.

Management believes the remaining lawsuit against Penn Octane, Rio Vista and/or Rio Vista’s subsidiaries relating to the accident in Lucio Blanco is without merit and, based on the ~~advice~~ advice of counsel, does not anticipate liability for damages in excess of anticipated insurance coverage. The Company’s insurance carrier is expected to bear the legal fees and expenses in connection with defending this case. If, however, a court found liability on the part of Penn Octane, Rio Vista or their subsidiaries, a judgment or settlement in excess of insurance coverage could have a material adverse effect on Penn Octane’s and Rio Vista’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

On November 320, ~~2004~~2007, ~~there~~Rio ~~was~~Vista, anRio ~~accident~~Vista ~~between~~Penny, aLLC, ~~Regional~~Gary ~~truck~~Moores, ~~driver~~Bill Wood and ~~another~~GM ~~motorist~~Oil ~~who~~Properties, ~~allegedly~~Inc. ~~sustained~~(GM) jointly ~~injuries~~filed asan aaction ~~result~~for ofdeclaratory ~~the~~relief ~~accident~~against Energy Spectrum Advisors, Inc. ~~The~~in ~~other~~the ~~motorist~~District ~~filed~~Court ~~suit against~~of ~~Regional~~McIntosh County, Oklahoma. ~~The~~This ~~case~~action was filed in response to Energy Spectrum’s assertion that Rio Vista, Rio Vista Penny, LLC, as well as GM owed Energy Spectrum a commission based on ~~February 26~~Rio Vista Penny, LLC’s November, 2007 aspurchase ~~Nolte~~of certain vassets from GM. ~~Regional~~Energy ~~Enterprises,~~Spectrum ~~Inc~~counterclaimed asserting that Rio Vista and Rio Vista Penny tortiously interfered with the commission agreement between Energy Spectrum and GM. Neither Rio Vista nor Rio Vista Penny were parties to this agreement. Mr. Woods and Mr. Moores have recently been named as defendants in the ~~United~~Energy ~~States~~Spectrum ~~District~~counter-claim. ~~Court~~According to ~~for~~an ~~the~~indemnification ~~District~~agreement ofbetween ~~Maryland~~Rio ~~(Case~~Vista, NoMr. 07Woods CVand ~~0478 PJM)~~Mr. Moores, Rio Vista may be ~~This~~required ~~case~~to ~~was~~indemnify ~~settled~~Mr. Woods ~~within~~and Mr. Moores upon the ~~limits~~fulfillment of ~~insurance~~certain ~~coverage~~terms onand conditions orstipulated ~~about~~in ~~January 28,~~the ~~2008~~agreement. To date these terms and conditions have not be met or fulfilled. Management believes that the Rio Vista entities should have no liability for any commission obligation that GM may owe to Energy Spectrum. However the outcome of litigation cannot reliably be predicted. Discovery in the case ~~was~~is ~~dismissed~~ongoing. ~~accordingly~~No ontrial ordate ~~about~~has ~~January 30,~~been ~~2008~~set.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE JI — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES — Continued

Legal Proceedings — Continued

On ~~November~~August 2019, ~~2007~~2008, Rio Vista, Rio Vista ~~Penny,~~GP LLC, ~~Gary~~Rio ~~Moores,~~Vista ~~Bill~~Penny ~~Wood~~LLC, ~~and~~Jerome GMB. ~~Oil~~Richter and ~~Properties,~~Douglas ~~Inc~~G. ~~jointly~~Manner ~~filed~~(Defendants) anwere ~~action~~named ~~for~~in ~~declaratory~~a ~~relief~~lawsuit ~~against~~filed ~~Energy~~by ~~Spectrum~~Northport ~~Advisors,~~Production Company ~~Inc.~~and inEugene ~~the~~A. ~~District~~Viele ~~Court~~(Plaintiffs). ~~in McIntosh County, Oklahoma~~Mr. Viele ~~This~~is ~~action~~currently ~~was~~a ~~filed~~director inof ~~response~~Penn toOctane ~~Energy~~Corporation ~~Spectrum’s~~and ~~assertion~~is ~~that~~also ~~Rio~~the ~~Vista,~~principal ~~Rio~~owner ~~Vista~~of ~~Penny,~~Northport ~~LLC,~~Production asCompany. ~~well as GM Oil Properties, Inc~~Mr. Manner currently ~~owed~~serves ~~Energy~~as ~~Spectrum~~ a ~~commission~~director ~~allegedly~~of ~~due~~Penn ~~and~~Octane ~~owing~~Corporation ~~based~~and onthe ~~Rio~~General ~~Vista~~Partner ~~Penny,~~of ~~LLC’s~~Rio ~~November,~~Vista. ~~2007~~Mr. Richter ~~purchase~~is ofcurrently ~~certain~~a ~~assets~~consultant ~~from~~to GMPenn ~~Oil~~Octane ~~Properties,~~and ~~Inc~~Rio Vista. ~~The~~Plaintiffs ~~foundation for the~~allege ~~Energy~~breach ~~Spectrum~~of ~~claim~~contract, isnegligent ~~a January 22~~misrepresentation, ~~2007~~and ~~written~~fraud ~~agreement~~in ~~signed~~connection bywith ~~Energy~~the ~~Spectrum~~acquisition of ~~and~~the ~~GM Properties,~~Oklahoma ~~Inc~~Assets. ~~Neither~~Plaintiffs ~~Rio~~are ~~Vista~~seeking ~~nor~~judgment ~~Rio~~for ~~Vista~~compensatory ~~Penny~~damages ~~were~~of ~~parties to this agreement~~$487, ~~nor were~~000 ~~they~~and ~~named~~exemplary indamages ~~the~~of ~~Energy~~not ~~Spectrum’s~~less ~~counter~~than ~~claim.~~$200,000 ~~Based~~as inwell ~~part~~as onattorneys’ ~~the~~fees ~~fact~~and ~~that~~other ~~the GM Oil~~such ~~Properties~~relief ~~acquisition~~as ~~was~~may anbe ~~asset~~shown. ~~purchase,~~Discovery ~~rather~~is ~~than~~currently apending. ~~stock~~Rio ~~sale,~~Vista ~~management~~ believes that ~~the~~ ~~Rio Vista entities should have no~~ the liability, ~~for~~if any, ~~obligation~~ultimately ~~that~~resulting GMfrom ~~Oil~~this ~~Properties,~~lawsuit ~~Inc. may~~should ~~have~~not tomaterially ~~Energy~~affect ~~Spectrum.~~its consolidated ~~Discovery~~financial ~~is currently pending~~results.

~~The~~In ~~Company~~the ~~and~~Greco-Roman, ~~its~~Inc. ~~subsidiaries~~dba ~~are~~Trinity ~~involved~~Oil ~~with~~Co. ~~other~~(Trinity) ~~proceedings~~bankruptcy, ~~lawsuits~~pending ~~and~~in ~~claims~~the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Arizona, the court-appointed Chapter 7 Trustee, on November 6, 2008, filed an adversary proceeding against Penn Octane Corporation (Penn Octane). The complaint was served on March 6, 2009. The Trustee seeks to recover, as preferential ~~Company~~payments made within 90 days of Trinity’s bankruptcy filing on September 22, 2006, at least $357,000 paid to Penn Octane. Penn Octane believes valid defenses barring the turnover of these funds to the Trustee will show that the ~~liabilities~~payment were made in the ordinary course of business for the delivery of petroleum products to Trinity and on ordinary business terms. The Trustee also seeks the turnover of more than $4,348,000 ifTrinity ~~any~~paid to Penn Octane within the two year period preceding Trinity’s bankruptcy filing. Valid defenses will show that Trinity, ~~ultimately~~in ~~resulting~~receiving ~~from~~petroleum ~~such~~product, ~~proceedings~~was given reasonably equivalent value in exchange for these payments, and, it is believed, the payments were not made to defraud Trinity’s ~~lawsuits~~creditors. These defenses, and ~~claims~~others, ~~should~~have been presented in Penn Octane’s Answer to the Complaint filed in April 2009. At this early stage of the proceeding, Penn Octane does not believe ~~materially~~that ~~affect~~this case will have a material adverse effect on its ~~consolidated~~business, financial condition and results of operations.

~~Credit~~On ~~Facility~~December 12, 2008, SFPP, Inc. filed a Complaint against Penn Octane in the Los Angeles Superior Court entitled SFPP, Inc. v. Penn Octane Corporation, Case No. BC403789. The Complaint alleges causes of action for Open Book Account, Account Stated and ~~Letters~~Breach of Contract, ~~Credit~~and seeks $376,000 in damages, plus SFPP’s attorneys’ fees and costs. Penn Octane was served with copies of the Summons and Complaint in the referenced action and on February 10, 2009 timely filed its Answer thereto generally denying the allegations of the Complaint and asserting various affirmative defenses. To date, no discovery has been propounded by either party. Penn Octane is currently engaged in discussions with SFPP exploring the possibility of negotiating a mutually acceptable resolution of the allegations but, to date, no settlement has been reached. The Los Angeles Superior Court has set December 1, 2009 as the trial date.

~~Penn~~The ~~Octane~~Company ~~finances~~and its ~~purchases~~subsidiaries ofare ~~Fuel~~involved ~~Products through its credit facility~~ with ~~RZB.~~other ~~As of March 31~~proceedings, ~~2008,~~lawsuits ~~Penn Octane had a $10,000,000 credit facility available with RZB for demand loans~~ and ~~standby~~claims ~~letters of credit (RZB Credit Facility) to finance Penn Octane’s purchases of~~in ~~Fuel Products (see below). The RZB Credit facility is an uncommitted facility under which~~ the ~~letters~~ ofordinary ~~credit~~course ~~have an expiration date~~ of noits ~~more than 90 days and the facility is reviewed annually~~business. InThe ~~connection with the RZB Credit Facility, the~~ Company ~~granted~~believes ~~RZB~~that ~~a security interest and assignment in any and all of~~ the ~~Company’s accounts~~liabilities, ~~inventory,~~if ~~real property~~any, ~~buildings,~~ultimately ~~pipelines,~~resulting ~~fixtures~~from ~~and~~such ~~interests therein or relating thereto~~proceedings, ~~other~~lawsuits ~~than~~and ~~the Oklahoma~~claims ~~assets.~~should ~~Under the existing RZB Credit Facility, the Company may~~ not ~~permit~~materially ~~to exist~~affect ~~any subsequent lien, security interest, mortgage, charge or other encumbrance of any nature on any of~~ its ~~properties~~consolidated orfinancial ~~assets, except in favor of RZB, without the consent of RZB~~results. ~~After the~~ ~~Spin-Off and transfer of assets to Rio Vista, RZB continued to retain a security interest in the assets transferred to Rio Vista.~~

~~Under~~Letters ~~the RZB Credit Facility, the Company pays a fee with respect to each letter~~ of credit thereunder in an amount equal to the greater of (i) $500, (ii) 2% of the maximum face amount of such letter of credit for Fuel Products, or (iii) such higher amount as may be agreed to between the Company and RZB. Any loan amounts outstanding under the RZB Credit ~~Facility accrue interest~~ at a rate equal to the rate announced by the JPMorgan Chase Bank as its prime rate (5.25% at March 31, 2008) plus 2.5%. Pursuant to the RZB Credit Facility, RZB has sole and absolute discretion to limit or terminate its participation in the RZB Credit Facility and to refrain from making any loans or issuing any letters of credit thereunder. RZB also has the right to demand payment of any and all amounts outstanding under the RZB Credit Facility at any time. In addition to the fees described above, the Company is required to pay RZB annual fees of $25,000.

OnIn ~~July 26,~~connection ~~2007,~~with asthe aCompany’s ~~condition~~Fuel ofSales ~~the Loan Agreement~~Business, ~~Penn~~the ~~Octane~~Company ~~entered~~has ~~into~~provided abonds ~~First~~totaling ~~Amendment~~$662,000 to ~~Line~~the ~~Letter~~states ~~(First~~of ~~Amendment)~~California, ~~with~~Nevada, ~~RZB.~~Arizona ~~The~~and ~~First~~Texas ~~Amendment~~(Bonds) ~~amends~~to ~~the~~secure ~~Amended~~payments ~~and~~of ~~Restated~~excise ~~Line~~and ~~Letter~~other ~~dated~~taxes ascollected offrom ~~September 14,~~customers ~~2004~~in ~~between~~connection ~~Penn~~with ~~Octane~~sales ~~and~~of ~~RZB.~~Fuel Products. The ~~First Amendment~~Bonds ~~reduces~~are ~~the~~partially ~~amount~~secured ofby ~~the~~a ~~RZB~~letter ~~Credit~~of ~~Facility~~credit ~~from~~for $15273,000~~,000~~. toAt ~~$10~~March 31,~~000~~ 2009,~~000.~~ ~~Subject~~such totaxes ~~RZB’s~~plus ~~discretion,~~associated ~~the~~interest ~~amount~~and ofpenalties in the ~~RZB~~amount ~~Credit~~of ~~Facility~~approximately ~~will~~$1,935,000 ~~be increased dollar for dollar by~~were ~~Rio Vista’s principal repayments under the Loan Agreement~~due.

Under the terms of the RZB Credit Facility, either Penn Octane or Rio Vista is required to maintain net worth of a minimum of $10,000,000.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE JI — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES — Continued

Credit Facility and Letters of Credit — Continued

Under the terms of the RZB Credit Facility, all cash from Penn Octane Fuel Products sales is deposited directly into a restricted cash account under the direction of RZB to pay down all obligations of Penn Octane arising under RZB Credit Facility. Accordingly, Penn Octane only receives net proceeds from the restricted cash account when the amounts of acceptable collateral provided by Penn Octane and /or Rio Vista exceed all liabilities under the outstanding letters of credit and/or loans issued on behalf of Penn Octane, at the sole discretion of RZB. The balance of restricted cash reflected in the accompanying unaudited balance sheet at March 31, 2008 has been reduced by the amount of cash held by RZB which exceeds obligations covered by the RZB Credit Facility.

In connection with the Company’s Fuel Sales Business, the Company has provided bonds totaling $662,000 to the states of California, Nevada, Arizona and Texas (Bonds) to secure payments of excise and other taxes collected from customers in connection with sales of Fuel Products. The Bonds are partially secured by letters of credit totaling $453,000. At March 31, 2008, such taxes in the amount of approximately $768,000 were due. The letters of credit issued have all been secured by cash in the amount of approximately $683,000 which is included in restricted cash in the Company’s balance sheet at March 31, 2008.

Leases

Norfolk Southern Leases

On January 1, 2003, Regional (as lessee) entered into a lease agreement with Norfolk Southern Railway Company (as lessor) for approximately 3.1 acres of land which is utilized in connection with Regional’s existing operations at Regional’s facilities in Hopewell, Virginia. The lease includes the right to maintain existing warehouses, storage tanks for handling petroleum and chemical products, and necessary appurtenances. The lease term was January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2005. The lease has not been renewed and may be terminated by either party upon 30 days’ written notice. Rent is $1,500 per month subject to adjustment based on inflation.

On August 21, 2003, Regional (as lessee) entered into a siding lease agreement with Norfolk Southern Railway Company (as lessor) for approximately 750 feet of railroad sidings on land which is utilized in connection with Regional’s existing operations at Regional’s facilities in Hopewell, Virginia. The sidings may be used for handling various chemical products. The siding lease began on August 21, 2003 and continues until terminated by either party with 30 days’ written notice. Rent is $4,875 per year, payable in advance.

On June 1, 2007, Regional executed a letter of intent with Norfolk Southern dated May 29, 2007 which provides for the replacement of the foregoing leases, through a purchase of approximately 3.5 acres of land and the lease of approximately 1.9 acres of land on a long-term basis. Regional received a letter from Norfolk Southern dated July 26, 2007, approving the purchase of the land and the lease on the terms contained in the letter of intent. Regional is awaiting definitive documents from Norfolk Southern in order to complete the purchase and lease transactions.

Consulting Agreement

Effective November 2006, Penn Octane and Rio Vista entered into a consulting agreement (Consulting Agreement) with JBR Capital Resources, Inc. (JBR Capital) regarding consulting services to be rendered by JBR Capital to Penn Octane and to Rio Vista. JBR Capital is controlled by Mr. Jerome Richter, a former officer of Penn Octane. Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, JBR Capital has agreed to assist Penn Octane and Rio Vista with the potential acquisition and disposition of assets and with other transactions involving Penn Octane or Rio Vista. In exchange for these services, Penn Octane has agreed to pay JBR Capital a fee based on approved services rendered by JBR Capital plus a fee based on the net proceeds to Penn Octane resulting from a sale of assets to a third party introduced to Penn Octane by JBR Capital. During April 2009, Rio Vista and Penn Octane each provided JBR Capital notice of their intention to terminate the Consulting Agreement on May 31, 2009.

Environmental Indemnification

On July 21, 2006, the Company and the owner of the Leased Pipeline entered into an amended and restated lease agreement (Amended Lease) for the Leased Pipeline. The Amended Lease was effective August 1, 2006 and expires on December 31, 2013. In connection with the Restated LPG Asset Sale, the Amended Lease was assumed by TransMontaigne. The Company is still obligated to indemnify the owner for environmental liabilities, including claims relating to the condition of the leased property and any environmental remediation costs, arising after the inception date of the lease, September 1, 1993 through the date of the Restated LPG Asset Sale and assumption by TransMontaigne. The owner has agreed to indemnify the Company for similar environmental liabilities arising before that date.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE JI — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES — Continued

~~Leases~~Concentrations —of ~~Continued~~Credit Risk

~~Norfolk~~Financial ~~Southern~~instruments ~~Leases~~that —potentially ~~Continued~~subject the Company to credit risk include cash balances at banks which at times exceed the federal deposit insurance.

AsPartnership ~~replacement~~Tax ofTreatment ~~the foregoing leases, Regional is currently negotiating with Norfolk Southern for the purchase of approximately 3.5 acres of land~~ and ~~the~~Mexican ~~lease of approximately 1.9 acres of land on a long-term basis. On June 1~~Subsidiaries, ~~2007,~~ Regional ~~executed a letter of intent from Norfolk Southern dated May 29, 2007. Regional received a letter from Norfolk Southern dated July 26, 2007, approving the purchase of the land~~ and ~~the~~MV ~~lease~~Income ~~on the terms contained in the letter of~~Taxes ~~intent. Regional is awaiting definitive documents from Norfolk Southern in order to complete the purchase and lease transactions.~~

~~Consulting~~Rio ~~Agreement~~Vista, excluding Regional and MV, is not a taxable entity for U.S. tax purposes (see below) and incurs no U.S. Federal income tax liability. Regional and MV are corporations and as such are subject to U.S. Federal and State corporate income tax. Each unitholder of Rio Vista is required to take into account that unitholder’s share of items of income, gain, loss and deduction of Rio Vista in computing that unitholder’s federal income tax liability, even if no cash distributions are made to the unitholder by Rio Vista. Distributions by Rio Vista to a unitholder are generally not taxable unless the amount of cash distributed is in excess of the unitholder’s adjusted basis in Rio Vista.

~~Effective November~~Section ~~2006,~~7704 ~~Penn~~of ~~Octane~~the ~~and~~Internal ~~Rio~~Revenue ~~Vista~~Code ~~entered~~(Code) ~~into~~provides athat ~~consulting~~publicly ~~agreement~~traded partnerships ~~(Consulting~~shall, ~~Agreement)~~as ~~with~~a ~~JBR~~general ~~Capital Resources~~rule, ~~Inc.~~be ~~(JBR~~taxed ~~Capital)~~as ~~regarding~~corporations ~~consulting services~~despite tothe befact ~~rendered~~that bythey ~~JBR~~are ~~Capital~~not toclassified as ~~Penn~~corporations ~~Octane~~under ~~and~~Section 7701 toof ~~Rio~~the ~~Vista~~Code. ~~JBR~~Section 7704 ~~Capital~~of isthe Code provides an exception ~~controlled~~to bythis ~~Mr. Jerome~~general ~~Richter,~~rule for a ~~former~~publicly ~~officer~~traded ofpartnership ~~Penn~~if ~~Octane.~~90% ~~Pursuant~~or tomore ~~the~~of ~~Consulting Agreement,~~its ~~JBR~~gross ~~Capital~~income ~~has~~for every ~~agreed~~taxable toyear ~~assist~~consists ~~Penn~~of ~~Octane~~“qualifying ~~and~~income” ~~Rio~~(Qualifying ~~Vista~~Income ~~with~~Exception). ~~the~~For ~~potential~~purposes ~~acquisition~~of ~~and~~this ~~disposition~~exception, of“qualifying ~~assets~~income” includes income and ~~with~~gains ~~other~~derived ~~transactions~~from ~~involving~~the ~~Penn~~exploration, development, ~~Octane~~mining or ~~Rio Vista.~~production, Inprocessing, ~~exchange~~refining, ~~for~~transportation ~~these~~(including ~~services,~~pipelines) ~~Penn~~or marketing ~~Octane~~of ~~has~~any ~~agreed~~mineral toor ~~pay~~natural ~~JBR~~resource. ~~Capital~~Other atypes ~~fee~~of ~~based~~“qualifying onincome” include ~~approved~~interest ~~services~~(other ~~rendered~~than byfrom ~~JBR~~a ~~Capital~~financial ~~plus~~business aor ~~fee~~interest based on profits of the ~~net~~borrower), dividends, ~~proceeds~~real toproperty ~~Penn~~rents, ~~Octane resulting~~gains from athe sale of ~~assets~~real toproperty, aincluding ~~third~~real ~~party~~property held ~~introduced~~by toone ~~Penn~~considered ~~Octane~~to bybe ~~JBR~~a ~~Capital.~~“dealer” Inin ~~addition~~such property, in ~~connection~~and ~~with~~gains from the ~~Regional~~sale ~~transaction,~~or ~~JBR~~other disposition ~~Capital~~of ~~earned~~capital aassets ~~fee~~held for the production of ~~$180,000~~income ~~which~~that ~~fee~~otherwise ~~was~~constitutes ~~expensed~~“qualifying income”. ~~The~~Non ~~term~~qualifying ofincome ~~the~~which ~~Consulting Agreement~~ is ~~six~~held ~~months~~and ~~following~~taxed ~~the~~through ~~Effective~~a ~~Date.~~taxable ~~The~~entity ~~Consulting~~(such ~~Agreement~~as ~~renews~~Regional) ~~for~~is ~~additional~~excluded ~~six-month~~from ~~terms~~the ~~unless~~calculation ~~terminated~~in bydetermining ~~either~~whether ~~party~~the atpublicly traded ~~least~~partnership ~~30 days~~meets ~~before~~ the ~~end~~qualifying ofincome ~~each term~~test.

~~CEOcast~~Rio Vista estimates that more than 90% of its gross income (excluding Regional) is “qualifying income”. No ruling has been or will be sought from the IRS and the IRS has made no determination as to Rio Vista’s classification as a partnership for federal income tax purposes or whether Rio Vista’s operations generate a minimum of 90% of “qualifying income” under Section 7704 of the Code.

~~Effective~~If ~~July 2, 2007,~~ Rio Vista ~~entered~~was ~~into~~classified as a ~~consulting~~corporation ~~agreement~~in ~~with~~any ~~CEOcast~~taxable year, ~~Inc. (CEOcast)~~either ~~whereby~~as ~~CEOcast~~a ~~agreed~~result toof ~~render~~a ~~investor relations services~~ failure to ~~Rio~~meet ~~Vista. Under~~ the ~~terms~~ ofQualifying ~~the~~Income ~~CEOcast~~Exception ~~agreement,~~or ~~CEOcast will receive cash fees of $7~~otherwise,~~500~~ ~~per month and~~ Rio Vista ~~shall also issue to CEOcast (a) 1,399 of Rio Vista~~’s ~~fully-paid,~~items ~~non-assessable~~of ~~common units (Common Units) and (b) $75~~income,~~000~~ ~~worth of Common Units on March 31~~gain, ~~2008~~loss ~~based on a calculation of~~and ~~units~~deduction ~~contained~~would ~~in the consulting agreement. The delivery of any Common Units shall~~ be ~~made~~reflected ~~at the~~only ~~soonest practical date after March 31, 2008, based~~ on ~~the best efforts of~~ Rio Vista.’s ~~In accordance~~tax ~~with~~return ~~the~~rather ~~Agreement,~~than ~~during~~being ~~April 2008,~~passed ~~Rio~~through ~~Vista provided notice~~ to ~~CEOcast that it~~ ~~would not renew the Agreement upon the expiration in July 2008. As of March 31, 2008,~~ Rio Vista ~~was~~’s ~~obligated to provide CEOcast a total of 6~~unitholders,~~378~~ ~~Common~~and ~~Units. Based on the closing price of~~ Rio Vista’s ~~Common~~net ~~Units~~income aswould ofbe ~~March 31,~~taxed ~~2008,~~at ~~the~~corporate ~~Company recorded additional expense of $9,323 associated with the agreement~~rates.

If Rio Vista was treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, Rio Vista would pay tax on income at corporate rates, which is currently a maximum of 35%. Distributions to unitholders would generally be taxed again as corporate distributions, and no income, gains, losses, or deductions would flow through to the unitholders. Because a tax would be imposed upon Rio Vista as a corporation, the cash available for distribution to unitholders would be substantially reduced and Rio Vista’s ability to make minimum quarterly distributions would be impaired. Consequently, treatment of Rio Vista as a corporation would result in a material reduction in the anticipated cash flow and after-tax return to unitholders and therefore would likely result in a substantial reduction in the value of Rio Vista’s common units.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE JI — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES — Continued

Partnership Tax Treatment and Mexican Subsidiaries, Regional and MV Income Taxes — Continued

Rio Vista, excluding Regional and MV, is not a taxable entity for U.S. tax purposes (see below) and incurs no U.S. Federal income tax liability. Regional and MV are corporations and as such are subject to U.S. Federal and State corporate income tax. Each unitholder of Rio Vista is required to take into account that unitholder’s share of items of income, gain, loss and deduction of Rio Vista in computing that unitholder’s federal income tax liability, even if no cash distributions are made to the unitholder by Rio Vista. Distributions by Rio Vista to a unitholder are generally not taxable unless the amount of cash distributed is in excess of the unitholder’s adjusted basis in Rio Vista.

Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) provides that publicly traded partnerships shall, as a general rule, be taxed as corporations despite the fact that they are not classified as corporations under Section 7701 of the Code. Section 7704 of the Code provides an exception to this general rule for a publicly traded partnership if 90% or more of its gross income for every taxable year consists of “qualifying income” (Qualifying Income Exception). For purposes of this exception, “qualifying income” includes income and gains derived from the exploration, development, mining or production, processing, refining, transportation (including pipelines) or marketing of any mineral or natural resource. Other types of “qualifying income” include interest (other than from a financial business or interest based on profits of the borrower), dividends, real property rents, gains from the sale of real property, including real property held by one considered to be a “dealer” in such property, and gains from the sale or other disposition of capital assets held for the production of income that otherwise constitutes “qualifying income”.

Rio Vista estimates that more than 90% of its gross income is “qualifying income”. No ruling has been or will be sought from the IRS and the IRS has made no determination as to Rio Vista’s classification as a partnership for federal income tax purposes or whether Rio Vista’s operations generate a minimum of 90% of “qualifying income” under Section 7704 of the Code.

If Rio Vista was classified as a corporation in any taxable year, either as a result of a failure to meet the Qualifying Income Exception or otherwise, Rio Vista’s items of income, gain, loss and deduction would be reflected only on Rio Vista’s tax return rather than being passed through to Rio Vista’s unitholders, and Rio Vista’s net income would be taxed at corporate rates.

Current law may change so as to cause Rio Vista to be taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject Rio Vista to entity-level taxation. The partnership agreement provides that, if a law is enacted or existing law is modified or interpreted in a manner that subject Rio Vista to taxation as a corporation or otherwise subjects Rio Vista to entity-level taxation for federal, state or local income tax purposes, then the minimum quarterly distribution amount and the target distribution amount will be adjusted to reflect the impact of that law on Rio Vista.

NOTE J — OIL AND GAS SALES CONTRACTS

Rio Vista sells oil and gas in the normal course of its business and considers the use of forward sales contracts in the form of guaranteed fixed prices to minimize the variability in forecasted cash flows due to price movements in oil and gas.

During January 2009, Rio Vista entered into an agreement to sell its February 2009 and March 2009 sales contracts. In connection with the settlement of the contracts, Rio Vista received approximately $400,000. As a result of the above, beginning February 1, 2009, none of Rio Vista’s oil and gas production is subject to forward sales contracts.

NOTE K — RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The General Partner has a legal duty to manage Rio Vista in a manner beneficial to Rio Vista’s unitholders. This legal duty originates in statutes and judicial decisions and is commonly referred to as a “fiduciary” duty. Because of Penn Octane’s ownership and control of the General Partner, Penn Octane’s officers and managers of the General Partner also have fiduciary duties to manage the business of the General Partner in a manner beneficial to Penn Octane and its stockholders.

The partnership agreement limits the liability and reduces the fiduciary duties of the General Partner to the unitholders. The partnership agreement also restricts the remedies available to unitholders for actions that might otherwise constitute breaches of the General Partner’s fiduciary duty.

Sale — Purchase of Rio Vista Common Units

At meetings held on May 30, 2008, in connection with the previously disclosed discussions between Rio Vista and the NASDAQ National Market (NASDAQ) regarding Rio Vista’s compliance with NASDAQ’s Marketplace Rule 4450(a)(3) on capital adequacy, the Board of Managers of the General Partner authorized the issuance and sale by Rio Vista of 197,628 of Rio Vista’s common units to Penn Octane at $10.12 per unit, and Penn Octane’s board authorized its purchase of such Rio Vista units at that price, for an aggregate price of approximately $2,000,000. Thereafter, Rio Vista’s officers continued to formulate a plan of ongoing compliance with Rule 4450(a)(3) on terms satisfactory to NASDAQ, and notified NASDAQ regarding the proposed issuance of its units. Rio Vista also filed a listing of additional units notification with NASDAQ (LAS) based on its intention to go forward with the proposed purchase and sale. Following further discussions with NASDAQ, at board meetings on July 15, 2008, the Board of Managers of the General Partner and the Board of Directors of Penn Octane confirmed their desire to implement promptly the previously authorized purchase and sale, and the companies agreed to complete the transaction, subject to NASDAQ approval of Rio Vista’s LAS. On July 23, 2008, after the period of review for the LAS passed, the common units were issued to Penn Octane. In connection with the transaction, Penn Octane recorded $1,827,000 in goodwill which represented the amount of the purchase price allocable to minority interests.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE K — ~~OIL~~RELATED ~~AND~~PARTY ~~GAS~~TRANSACTIONS ~~HEDGING~~— ~~ACTIVITIES~~Continued

~~Rio~~Loans ~~Vista~~To ~~sells~~Rio ~~oil and gas in the normal course of its business and utilizes hedging contracts~~Vista ~~in the form of guaranteed fixed prices to minimize the variability in forecasted cash flows due to price movements in oil and gas.~~

~~For~~As ~~the~~of ~~three months ended March~~July 3123, 2008, Rio Vista ~~had~~offset ~~one~~$2,000,000 ~~contract~~owed ~~for~~to ~~0.8~~Penn ~~MMcf/d~~Octane @against the amounts owed by ~~$6.70/Mcf.~~Penn ~~Subsequent~~Octane to ~~March 31,~~acquire ~~2008~~Rio Vista common units (see above). In addition, Penn Octane has loaned additional amounts to Rio Vista for the ~~following~~sole ~~contracts~~purpose ~~are~~of inallowing ~~effect:~~Rio Vista to fund ongoing operations and the June 2008 quarterly distribution.

Date		Terms
- April 2008 – October 2008:		1.0 MMcf/d @ $6.35/Mcf (MV Pipeline production)
- April 2008 – October 2008:		0.5 MMcf/d @ $7.97/Mcf (Brooken Pipeline production)
- November 2008 – March 2009:		1.0 MMcf/d @ $8.61/Mcf (MV Pipeline production)
- November 2008 – March 2009:		0.5 MMcf/d @ $8.61/Mcf (Brooken Pipeline production)

In connection with the Third Amendment of the RZB Note, Rio Vista was required to repay $1,000,000 of the RZB Note. Effective January 1, 2009, Penn Octane loaned Rio Vista $1,000,000 of its cash collateral held by RZB for the purpose of funding Rio Vista’s obligation to make the required payment described above.

The hedges currently in place cover substantially all of Rio Vista’s current production.

NOTE L — RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Omnibus Agreement

In connection with the Spin-Off, Penn Octane entered into an Omnibus Agreement with Rio Vista that governs, among other things, indemnification obligations among the parties to the agreement, related party transactions and the provision of general administration and support services by Penn Octane.

The Omnibus Agreement prohibits Rio Vista from entering into any material agreement with Penn Octane without the prior approval of the conflicts committee of the board of managers of the General Partner. For purposes of the Omnibus Agreement, a material agreement is any agreement between Rio Vista and Penn Octane that requires aggregate annual payments in excess of $100,000.

The Omnibus Agreement may be amended by written agreement of the parties; provided, however that it may not be amended without the approval of the conflicts committee of the General Partner if the amendment would adversely affect the unitholders of Rio Vista. The Omnibus Agreement has an initial term of five years that automatically renews for successive five-year terms and, other than the indemnification provisions, will terminate if Rio Vista is no longer an affiliate of Penn Octane.

NOTE L — 401K

Regional sponsors a defined contribution retirement plan (401(k) Plan) covering all eligible employees effective November 1, 1988. The 401(k) Plan allows eligible employees to contribute, subject to Internal Revenue Service limitations on total annual contributions, up to 60% of their compensation as defined in the 401(k) plan, to various investment funds. Regional matches, on a discretionary basis, 50% of the first 6% of employee compensation. Furthermore, Regional may make additional contributions on a discretionary basis at the end of the Plan year for all eligible employees. Regional has made no discretionary contributions since the acquisition of Regional to March 31, 2009. Effective February 2008, Penn Octane commenced sponsoring of a 401K Plan covering all eligible employees of Penn Octane. Since the plan’s inception to March 31, 2009, Penn Octane has made no discretionary contributions.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE LM — ~~RELATED~~REALIZATION ~~PARTY~~OF ~~TRANSACTIONS — Continued~~ASSETS

~~Guarantees~~The accompanying consolidated balance sheet has been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern. The Company has a loss from continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and has a deficit in working capital. Currently, all revenues generated from the Oklahoma Assets are held as collateral against the TCW Credit Facility. The TCW Credit Facility, the Moores Note, the RZB Note, the Sellers’ Note — Regional and the Richter Note total approximately $30,301,000 and are all classified as current liabilities. Penn Octane also owes excise and other taxes, including computed interest and penalties collected from customers in connection with the sale of Fuel Products in the amount of $1,935,000. The TCW Credit Facility extension expires on May 20, 2009 and the RZB Note has not been extended. RZB has not yet given Rio Vista notice of default and the parties continue to negotiate an extension of the RZB Note. In the event such obligations are not satisfactorily restructured, further extended or actions to enforce collections do not continue to be deferred by creditors, the TCW Credit Facility, the RZB Note and/or other obligations will be due immediately.

~~Debt~~The ~~Guarantee.~~Oklahoma ~~Rio~~Assets ~~Vista~~and/or isthe ~~liable~~Regional asoperations ~~guarantor~~currently ondo ~~the~~not ~~RZB~~generate ~~Credit~~sufficient ~~Facility~~cash flow to pay general and ~~will~~administrative ~~continue to~~and ~~pledge~~other ~~certain~~operating expenses of ~~its~~the ~~assets~~Company, asexcise ~~collateral~~and other intaxes ~~connection~~of ~~with~~Fuel ~~the~~Products ~~RZB~~and all debt service requirements. The TCW Credit Facility. prohibits distributions by Rio Vista’s ~~may~~Oklahoma ~~also~~subsidiaries beunless ~~prohibited~~certain ~~from~~conditions ~~making~~are ~~any~~met which ~~distributions~~currently toare ~~unitholders~~not ifexpected itto ~~would~~be ~~cause~~met. ~~an event~~In ~~of default~~addition, orRio ifVista anrequires ~~event~~additional orfunding in ~~default~~order isto ~~existing,~~increase ~~under~~production ~~the~~levels ~~RZB~~for ~~Credit~~its ~~Facility~~Oklahoma Assets.

~~Tax~~Penn ~~Guarantee.~~Octane ~~Rio Vista~~ has ~~agreed~~guaranteed tothe ~~indemnify~~RZB ~~Penn~~Note. ~~Octane~~Substantially ~~for~~all aof ~~period~~Rio ofVista’s ~~three~~and ~~years~~Penn ~~from~~Octane’s ~~the~~assets ~~fiscal~~are ~~year~~pledged ~~end~~or ~~that~~committed ~~includes~~to ~~the~~be ~~date~~pledged ofas ~~the~~collateral ~~Spin-Off~~on ~~for~~the ~~any~~TCW ~~federal~~Credit ~~income~~Facility, ~~tax~~the ~~liabilities~~RZB ~~resulting~~Note ~~from~~and the ~~Spin-Off~~Richter inNote ~~excess~~and ~~of $2~~therefore,~~500,000.~~ both Rio Vista and Penn Octane ~~has~~may ~~filed~~be ~~its~~unable to ~~federal~~obtain ~~income~~additional ~~tax~~financing ~~return~~collateralized ~~for~~by ~~the~~those ~~year~~assets. ofRio ~~the~~Vista’s ~~Spin-Off~~Report ~~and~~of Independent itRegistered ~~did~~Public ~~not~~Accounting ~~incur~~Firm aon ~~federal~~the ~~income~~consolidated ~~tax liability~~financial instatements ~~excess~~ of Rio ~~$2,500,000.~~Vista ~~However~~at December 31, ~~the~~2008 ~~Internal~~contains ~~Revenue~~an ~~Service~~explanatory ~~(IRS) may~~paragraph ~~review~~which ~~Penn~~describes an ~~Octane~~uncertainty about Rio Vista’s ~~federal~~ability ~~income~~to ~~tax~~continue ~~returns~~as ~~and~~a ~~challenge~~going ~~positions~~concern. ~~that~~If Penn Octane’s ~~has~~and Rio ~~taken~~Vista’s ~~with respect~~cash flows are not adequate to ~~the~~pay ~~Spin-Off.~~their ~~Further~~obligations, if Penn Octane isand/or ~~determined~~Rio Vista tomay ~~have~~be arequired ~~federal~~to ~~income~~raise ~~tax liability~~additional infunds ~~excess~~to ofavoid ~~the~~foreclosure ~~amounts~~by ~~which~~creditors. ~~were~~There can ~~included~~be inno ~~the~~assurance ~~federal~~that ~~income~~such ~~tax~~additional ~~return~~funding ~~related to~~will ~~the~~be ~~Spin-Off~~available ~~and~~on ifterms attractive to either Penn Octane isor ~~unable~~Rio toVista ~~pay~~or ~~such~~available ~~liabilities~~at orall. ~~Rio~~If ~~Vista~~additional isamounts ~~unable~~cannot tobe ~~pay~~raised, ~~then~~existing ~~the~~debts ~~Internal~~restructured ~~Revenue~~and ~~Service~~cash ~~may~~flow ~~assert~~is ~~that~~inadequate, ~~the~~ Penn Octane ~~stockholders~~and/or ~~who received~~Rio ~~common~~Vista ~~units~~would inlikely ~~the~~be ~~Spin-Off~~required ~~are~~to ~~liable~~seek ~~for~~other ~~unpaid~~alternatives ~~federal~~which ~~income~~could ~~taxes~~include ofthe ~~Penn~~sale ~~Octane,~~of ~~including interest and any penalties~~assets, upclosure ~~to the value~~ of ~~the~~operations ~~Rio~~and/or ~~Vista~~protection ~~Common~~under ~~Units~~the ~~received~~U.S. ~~by each~~bankruptcy ~~stockholder~~laws.

~~NOTE~~In Mview —of ~~401K~~the matters described in the preceding paragraphs, recoverability of the recorded asset amounts shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet is dependent upon the ability of the Company to restructure the TCW Credit Facility and the RZB Note, pay the excise and other taxes and to continue as a going concern. In connection with The Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, our independent public accountant’s report contained an explanatory paragraph which describes an uncertainty about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to restructure such debt and to continue in existence.

~~Regional~~To ~~sponsors~~provide athe ~~defined~~Company ~~contribution~~with ~~retirement~~the ~~plan~~ability ~~(401(k)~~it ~~Plan)~~believes ~~covering~~necessary ~~all eligible employees effective November 1, 1988. The 401(k) Plan allows eligible employees~~ to ~~contribute, subject~~continue toin ~~Internal Revenue Service limitations on total annual contributions~~existence, ~~up to 60% of~~ ~~their~~management ~~compensation~~is astaking ~~defined~~steps ~~in the 401(k) plan,~~ to ~~various~~restructure ~~investment~~its ~~funds.~~existing ~~Regional matches,~~debt ~~on a discretionary basis~~obligations, ~~50%~~sell ~~of the first 6% of employee compensation. Furthermore~~assets, ~~Regional~~ ~~may make~~ raise additional ~~contributions~~debt onand/or aequity ~~discretionary~~financing ~~basis~~and atreduce ~~the~~its ~~end~~general ofand ~~the~~administrative ~~Plan~~and ~~year~~other ~~for~~operating ~~all eligible employees~~expenses. ~~Regional has made no discretionary contributions since the~~ acquisition of Regional to March 31, 2008. Effective February 2008, Penn Octane commenced sponsoring of a 401K Plan covering all eligible employees of Penn Octane. Since the plan’s inception to March 31, 2008, Penn Octane has made no discretionary contributions.

NOTE N — REALIZATION OF ASSETS

The Oklahoma assets and/or the Regional operations currently do not generate sufficient cash flow to pay general and administrative and other operating expenses of the Company and all debt service requirements. The TCW Credit Facility prohibits distributions by Rio Vista’s Oklahoma subsidiaries until December 2008 and subsequent thereto, those distributions are limited to 75% of defined available cash flow. In addition, Rio Vista requires additional funding in order to increase production levels for its Oklahoma assets.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE N — ~~REALIZATION~~SEGMENT ~~OF ASSETS — Continued~~INFORMATION

~~Penn~~The ~~Octane~~Company has ~~guaranteed~~ the ~~RZB~~following ~~Note.~~reportable ~~Substantially~~segments ~~all~~for ~~of Rio Vista’s and Penn Octane’s assets are pledged or committed to be pledged as collateral on~~ the ~~TCW~~three ~~Credit~~months ~~Facility~~ended March 31, ~~the~~2009: ~~RZB~~Transportation ~~Note~~ and ~~RZB~~Terminaling ~~Credit Facility,~~ and ~~therefore,~~Oil ~~both Rio Vista~~ and ~~Penn Octane may be unable to obtain additional financing collateralized by those assets~~Gas. ~~Rio~~The ~~Vista’s~~Transportation ~~Report of~~and ~~Independent~~Terminaling ~~Registered Public Accounting Firm on the consolidated financial statements of~~segment ~~Rio~~transports ~~Vista~~bulk ~~at December 31~~liquids, ~~2007~~including ~~contained~~chemical ~~an explanatory paragraph which describes an uncertainty about Rio Vista’s ability to continue as a going concern. If Penn Octane’s~~ and ~~Rio~~ ~~Vista’s~~petroleum ~~cash flows are not adequate to pay their obligations~~products, ~~Penn~~by ~~Octane~~truck and~~/or~~ ~~Rio~~provides ~~Vista~~terminaling ~~may~~and bestorage ~~required~~services toand ~~raise~~the ~~additional~~Oil funds to avoid foreclosure by creditors. There can be no assurance that such additional funding will be available on terms attractive to either Penn Octane or Rio Vista or available at all. If additional amounts cannot be raised and ~~cash~~Gas ~~flow~~segment ~~is inadequate~~produces, ~~Penn~~transports ~~Octane~~ and~~/or~~ ~~Rio~~sells ~~Vista would likely be required to seek~~oil ~~other alternatives which could include the sale of assets, closure of operations~~ and~~/or protection~~ ~~under the U~~gas.~~S. bankruptcy laws.~~

InThe ~~view~~accounting ofpolicies ~~the~~used ~~matters~~to ~~described~~develop insegment ~~the~~information ~~preceding~~correspond ~~paragraphs,~~to ~~recoverability~~those ofdescribed ~~the~~in ~~recorded~~the ~~asset~~summary ~~amounts~~of ~~shown~~significant inaccounting ~~the~~policies. ~~accompanying~~Segment ~~unaudited~~profit ~~consolidated~~(loss) is ~~balance~~based ~~sheet~~on isgross ~~dependent~~profit ~~upon~~(loss) from ~~the~~operations ~~ability~~before ofselling, ~~the~~general ~~Company~~and toadministrative ~~continue~~expenses, asother aincome (expense) and ~~going~~income ~~concern~~tax. The ~~unaudited~~reportable ~~consolidated financial~~segments ~~statements~~are dodistinct ~~not~~business ~~include~~units ~~any~~operating ~~adjustments~~in similar ~~related~~industries. toThey ~~the~~are ~~recoverability~~separately ~~and classification~~managed, ofwith ~~recorded~~separate ~~asset~~marketing ~~amounts~~and ordistribution systems. ~~amounts~~The ~~and~~following ~~classification~~information ofabout ~~liabilities~~the ~~that might~~segments beis ~~necessary~~for ~~should~~ the ~~Company~~three bemonths ~~unable~~ended toMarch 31, 2009 ~~continue~~and ~~in existence~~2008.

To provide the Company with the ability it believes necessary to continue in existence, management is taking steps to restructure its existing debt obligations and raise additional debt and/or equity financing.


	Transportation
	and
Three months ended March 31, 2009:	Terminaling		Oil and Gas			Fuel Sales		Totals

Revenues from external customers	$	1,740,000	$	1,168,000		$	—	$	2,908,000
Interest expense		186,000		770,000			11,000		967,000
Interest income		—		—			14,000		14,000
Depreciation and amortization		159,000		360,000			—		519,000
Segment gross profit		527,000		407,000			—		934,000
Segment assets		11,800,000		35,896,000			—		47,696,000
Segment liabilities		4,566,000		28,734,000			2,356,000		35,656,000
Expenditure for segment assets		26,000		2,000			—		28,000

Reconciliation to Consolidated Amounts:
Revenues
Total revenues for reportable segments			$	2,908,000
Elimination of intersegment revenues				—
Other revenues				—

Total consolidated revenues			$	2,908,000


Profit (loss)
Total gross profit (loss) for reportable segments			$	934,000
Total other gross profit (loss)				—
Selling, general and administrative expense and other				(1,239,000	)
Interest and Fuel Products financing expense				(957,000	)
Interest income				14,000
Elimination of intersegment profits				—
Unallocated amounts
Corporate headquarters expense				—
Other expenses				—


Consolidated income from continuing operations before income tax			$	(1,248,000	)


Assets
Total assets for reportable segments			$	47,696,000
Other assets				4,354,000
Corporate headquarters				—
Other unallocated amounts				—

Total consolidated assets			$	52,050,000

NOTE O — SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has the following reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2008: Transportation and Terminalling, Oil and Gas and Fuel Sales. The Transportation and Terminalling segment transports bulk liquids, including chemical and petroleum products, by truck and provides terminalling and storage services, the Oil and Gas segment produces, transports and sells oil and gas and the Fuel Sales segment is a reseller of gasoline and diesel fuel.

Segment profit (loss) is based on gross profit (loss) from operations before selling, general and administrative expenses, other income (expense) and income tax. The reportable segments are distinct business units operating in similar industries. They are separately managed, with separate marketing and distribution systems. The following information about the segments is for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008. The Transportation and Terminalling segment commenced August 22, 2006, the Oil and Gas segment commenced November 19, 2007 and the Fuel Sales segment commenced in 2004.

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

NOTE ON — SEGMENT INFORMATION — Continued

Three months ended March 31, 2007:	LPG Transportation		Fuel Sales			Totals
	Transportation
Revenues from external customers	$	679,000	$	38,703,000		$	39,382,000
	and
Interest expense		26,000		123,000			149,000
Three months ended March 31, 2008:	Terminaling		Oil and Gas			Fuel Sales			Totals
Interest income		—		—			—
Revenues from external customers	$	2,107,000	$	988,000		$	30,308,000		$	33,403,000
Depreciation and amortization		165,000		—			165,000
Interest expense		222,000		638,000			77,000			937,000
Segment gross profit		285,000		659,000			944,000
Interest income		—		7,000			—			7,000
Segment assets		16,317,000		13,247,000			29,564,000
Depreciation and amortization		282,000		211,000			—			493,000
Segment liabilities		2,094,000		12,162,000			14,256,000
Segment gross profit		345,000		325,000			202,000			872,000
Expenditure for segment assets		—		2,000			2,000
Segment assets		12,519,000		35,929,000			9,234,000			57,682,000
Reconciliation to Consolidated Amounts:
Segment liabilities		4,472,000		26,515,000			6,168,000			37,155,000
Revenues
Expenditure for segment assets		168,000		683,000			—			851,000
Total revenues for reportable segments						$	39,382,000
Reconciliation to Consolidated Amounts:
Elimination of intersegment revenues							—
Revenues
Total consolidated revenues						$	39,382,000
Total revenues for reportable segments			$	33,403,000
Profit (loss)
Elimination of intersegment revenues				—
Total gross profit for reportable segments						$	944,000
Other revenues				—
Selling, general and administrative expense							(1,404,000	)
Total consolidated revenues			$	33,403,000
Interest and Fuel Products financing expense							(152,000	)
Profit (loss)
Interest income							13,000
Total gross profit (loss) for reportable segments			$	872,000
Minority interest in loss							460,000
Total other gross profit (loss)				10,000
Elimination of intersegment profits							—
Selling, general and administrative expense and other				(2,762,000	)
Unallocated amounts
Interest and Fuel Products financing expense				(956,000	)
Corporate headquarters expense							—
Interest income				10,000
Other expenses							—
Elimination of intersegment profits				—
Consolidated loss from operations before taxes						$	(139,000	)
Unallocated amounts
Assets
Corporate headquarters expense				—
Total assets for reportable segments						$	29,564,000
Other expenses				—
Other assets							3,371,000
Consolidated income from continuing operations before income tax			$	(2,826,000	)
Corporate headquarters							—
Assets
Other unallocated amounts							—
Total assets for reportable segments			$	57,682,000
Total consolidated assets						$	32,935,000
Other assets				3,213,000
Corporate headquarters				—
Other unallocated amounts				—
Total consolidated assets			$	60,895,000

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

NOTE O — SEGMENT INFORMATION — Continued

	Transportation
	and
Three months ended March 31, 2008:	Terminalling		Oil and Gas		Fuel Sales		Totals
Revenues from external customers	$	2,107,000	$	1,937,000	$	30,308,000	$	34,352,000
Interest expense		222,000		638,000		77,000		937,000
Interest income		—		7,000		—		7,000
Depreciation and amortization		282,000		211,000		—		493,000
Segment gross profit		345,000		325,000		202,000		872,000
Segment assets		12,519,000		35,929,000		9,234,000		57,682,000
Segment liabilities		4,472,000		26,515,000		6,168,000		37,155,000
Expenditure for segment assets		168,000		683,000		—		851,000
Reconciliation to Consolidated Amounts:
Revenues
Total revenues for reportable segments							$	34,352,000
Elimination of intersegment revenues								(949,000	)
Other revenues								—
Total consolidated revenues							$	33,403,000
Profit (loss)
Total gross profit for reportable segments							$	872,000
Total other gross profit (loss)								10,000
Selling, general and administrative expense and other								(2,762,000	)
Interest and Fuel Products financing expense								(956,000	)
Interest income								10,000
Minority interest in loss								2,051,000
Elimination of intersegment profits								—
Unallocated amounts
Corporate headquarters expense								—
Other expenses								—
Consolidated loss from operations before taxes							$	(775,000	)
Assets
Total assets for reportable segments							$	57,682,000
Other assets								3,213,000
Corporate headquarters								—
Other unallocated amounts								—
Total consolidated assets							$	60,895,000

Penn Octane Corporation and Subsidiaries

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

NOTE P — INCOME TAXES

Penn Octane has losses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2008 and recorded no income tax expense or income tax benefit.

Income taxes for Regional were $5,000, for the three months ended March 31, 2008 with an effective state and federal rate of 38%. MV had an immaterial loss and recorded no income tax expense or income tax benefit.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Penn Octane Corporation (“Penn Octane”) and its consolidated subsidiaries which includes Rio Vista Energy Partners L.P. and its subsidiaries (“Rio Vista”) are collectively hereinafter referred to as the “Company”.

The following discussion of the Company’s results of operations and liquidity and capital resources should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company and related notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein. ~~References to specific years~~ ~~preceded by “fiscal” (e.g. fiscal 2008) refer to the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31.~~

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

The statements contained in this Quarterly Report that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements that are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which may include statements about:

• the volatility of realized natural gas prices; • the discovery, estimation, development and replacement of oil and natural gas reserves; • our business and financial strategy; • our drilling locations; • technology; • our cash flow, liquidity and financial position; • our production volumes; • our lease operating expenses, general and administrative costs and finding and development costs; • the availability of drilling and production equipment, labor and other services; • our future operating results; • our prospect development and property acquisitions; • the marketing of oil and natural gas; • competition in the oil and natural gas industry and the transportation and terminalling business; • the impact of weather and the occurrence of natural disasters such as fires, floods, hurricanes, earthquakes and other catastrophic events and natural disasters; • governmental regulation of the oil and natural gas industry and the transportation and terminalling business; • required capital expenditures; • cash distributions and qualified income; • developments in oil producing and natural gas producing countries; ~~and~~ • our strategic plans, objectives, expectations and intentions for future operations. and • our ability to restructure the TCW Credit Facility and/or the RZB Note under terms satisfactory to us.

All of these types of statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “may,” “could,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “project,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “pursue,” “target,” “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology.

The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report are largely based on our expectations, which reflect estimates and assumptions made by our management. These estimates and assumptions reflect our best judgment based on currently known market conditions and other factors. Although we believe such estimates and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently uncertain and involve a number of risks and uncertainties that are beyond our control. In addition, management’s assumptions about future events may prove to be inaccurate. Management cautions all readers that the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report are not guarantees of future performance, and we cannot assure any reader that such statements will be realized or the forward-looking events and circumstances will occur. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements due to factors listed in the “Risk Factors” section in Penn Octane’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2007~~2008. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We do not intend to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

3028

Overview

~~Historical~~In ~~Assets~~July 2007, Rio Vista acquired Regional Enterprises, Inc. (Regional), and ~~Operations~~in November 2007, Rio Vista acquired certain oil and natural gas producing properties and related assets (Oklahoma assets) in the State of Oklahoma formerly owned by GM Oil Properties, Inc., Penny Petroleum Corporation and GO LLC. As a result of these acquisitions in 2007, Rio Vista is focused on the acquisition, development and production of oil and natural gas properties and related midstream assets, and the operation and development of Regional’s business consisting of transportation and terminaling. Beginning March 1, 2008, Rio Vista Operating LLC (Operating) became the operator of the Oklahoma Assets.

Until December 31, 2007, Penn Octane was focused on the operation of the LPG terminal facility in Matamoros, Mexico and approximately 23 miles of pipelines connecting the Matamoros Terminal Facility to an LPG terminal facility in Brownsville, Texas. After August 2006, Rio Vista operated this system exclusively on behalf of TransMontaigne Partners L.P. and its affiliates (TransMontaigne) to transport their LPG on a fee for services basis. In addition, since June 2004, the Company has been a reseller of Fuel Products. The Company sells Fuel Products (Fuel Sales Business) through transactional, bulk and/or rack transactions.

In August 2006, Rio Vista completed the disposition of substantially all of its U.S. LPG assets to TransMontaigne, including the Brownsville, Texas terminal facility and refined products tank farm, together with associated improvements, leases, easements, licenses and permits; an LPG sales agreement; and all LPG inventory (Rio Vista Restated PSA). In December 2007, Rio Vista completed the disposition of its remaining LPG assets to TransMontaigne, including the U.S. portion of the two pipelines from a Brownsville, Texas terminal owned by TransMontaigne to the U.S. border, along with all associated rights-of-way and easements; all of the outstanding equity interests in entities owning interests in the portion of the two pipelines that extend from the U.S. border to Matamoros, Mexico; and all of the rights for indirect control of an entity that owns a terminal site in Matamoros, Mexico. As a result, effective January 1, 2008, The Company no longer operates the assets associated with the LPG business it had historically conducted.

Current Assets and Operations

In July 2007, Rio Vista acquired Regional, and in November 2007, Rio Vista acquired certain oil and natural gas producing properties and related assets in the State of Oklahoma formerly owned by GM Oil Properties, Inc., Penny Petroleum Corporation and GO LLC. As a result of these acquisitions in 2007, Rio Vista is now focused on the acquisition, development and production of oil and natural gas properties and related midstream assets, and the operation and development of Regional’s business. Beginning March 1, 2008, Rio Vista Operating LLC became the operator of the Oklahoma assets and employed approximately six employees, consisting of four field workers and two office staff personnel as of such date.

The above acquisitions were funded by a combination of debt (new and assumed), private placements of Rio Vista common units and proceeds from the sale of Rio Vista’s LPG related assets. During November 2007, Rio Vista completed a private placement of common units raising gross proceeds of $4,000,000.

In May 2008, Penn Octane’s board of directors approved a plan to sell its fuel sales inventory and to cease the Fuel Sales Business. The purpose of this decision was to provide working capital for its other business segments. The assets of the Fuel Sales Business consisted only of accounts receivable and inventories.

Fuel Sales Business

~~The~~In ~~Company~~May 2008, ~~sells~~Penn ~~Fuel~~Octane’s ~~Products~~board ~~through~~of ~~transactional,~~directors ~~bulk~~approved ~~and/or~~a ~~rack~~plan ~~transactions.~~to ~~Typical~~sell its Fuel Products ~~transactional~~inventory and ~~bulk~~to ~~sales~~cease ~~are~~the ~~made~~Fuel ~~based~~Sales onBusiness. aThe ~~predetermined~~purpose ~~net~~of ~~spread~~this ~~between~~decision ~~the~~was ~~purchase~~to ~~and~~provide ~~sales~~working ~~price~~capital ~~over~~for ~~posted~~its ~~monthly~~other ~~variable~~business ~~prices~~segments. ~~and/or~~The ~~daily~~assets ~~spot~~of ~~prices.~~the ~~Rack~~Fuel ~~sales~~Sales ~~transactions~~Business consisted ~~are~~only ~~based~~of oncash, ~~variable~~accounts ~~sale~~receivable ~~prices~~and ~~charged~~inventories. byIn connection with the Company’s ~~which~~Fuel ~~are~~Sales Business, ~~tied~~the Company has provided bonds totaling $662,000 to ~~posted~~the ~~daily~~states ~~spot~~of ~~prices~~California, Nevada, Arizona and ~~purchase~~Texas ~~costs~~(Bonds) ~~which~~to ~~are~~secure ~~based~~payments onof aexcise ~~monthly~~and ~~average~~other ortaxes ~~3 day~~collected ~~average~~from ~~based~~customers onin connection ~~posted~~with ~~prices~~sales of Fuel Products. The ~~Company~~Bonds ~~pays~~are ~~pipeline~~partially secured by letters of credit totaling $316,000. At March 31, 2009, such taxes plus associated interest and ~~terminal~~penalties ~~fees~~in ~~based~~the amount onof ~~regulated~~approximately ~~rates~~$1.9 million were due.

~~The~~Results ~~Fuel Products market on the west coast~~ of ~~the United States is characterized by limited~~Operations pipeline and terminal space to move sufficient Fuel Products to locations where demand for Fuel Products exists. The Company has the ability to access to certain pipeline and terminal systems located in California, Arizona, Nevada and Texas, where it is able to deliver its Fuel Products. The markets where the Company has targeted its products are generally in areas where the Fuel Products are difficult to deliver due to the infrastructure limitations and accordingly, the Company’s access may provide an advantage over other potential competitors who may not have access to these pipelines or terminals. In addition, the Company’s supply contracts provide it with greater flexibility to manage changes in the prices of the Fuel Products. The Company believes it has an advantage over other competitors based on its favorable supply contracts and existing access to certain pipelines and terminals.

Because of our rapid the ceasing of our Fuel Sales business in May 2008, our historical results of operations and period-to-period comparisons of these results during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009 are not that meaningful or indicative of future results.

The results of operations from continuing operations during the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2009 reflect the results associated with the i.) the Transportation and Terminaling Business associated with bulk and petroleum products associated with Regional operations which was acquired during July 2007, ii.) the operation of the Oklahoma Assets, which was acquired during November 2007, iii.) the Fuel Sales business for the three months ended March 31, 2008 only (business ceased during May 2008), and iv.) all indirect income and expenses of the Company.

QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2009


	Fuel			Oklahoma			Regional			LPG		Corporate/
	Sales			Assets			Enterprises			Trans.(a)		Other			Total

Revenues		—			1,168,000			1,740,000			—		(0	)		2,908,000
Cost Of Goods Sold		—			761,000			1,213,000			—		—			1,974,000

Gross Profit		—			407,000			527,000			—		(0	)		934,000
Selling, General And Administrative Expenses		11,000			249,000			191,000			—		788,000			1,239,000
Loss On Sale Of Remaining LPG — Related Assets		—			—			—			—		—			—

Operating Income (Loss)		(11,000	)		158,000			336,000			—		(788,000	)		(305,000	)
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Expense		(11,000	)		(770,000	)		(186,000	)		—		10,000			(957,000	)
Interest Income		14,000			—			—			—		—			14,000

Income (Loss) Before Taxes		(8,000	)		(612,000	)		150,000			—		(778,000	)		(1,248,000	)
Provision (Benefit) For Income Taxes		—			—			110,000			—		—			110,000

Net Income (Loss)		(8,000	)		(612,000	)		40,000			—		(778,000	)		(1,358,000	)
Net Loss Attributable To Non-Controlling Interest		—			—			—			—		(1,039,000	)		(1,039,000	)

Net Loss Attributable To Penn Octane Corporation		(8,000	)		(612,000	)		40,000			—		261,000			(319,000	)

~~For~~QUARTER ~~bulk~~ENDED ~~and~~MARCH ~~transactional sales~~31, ~~the Company enters into individual sales contracts for each~~2008 sale. Fuel Products sales are subject to credit limitations imposed on each individual buyer by the Company. The Company has several supply contracts for each of the Fuel Products it sells. The supply contracts are for annual periods with flexible volumes but they may be terminated sooner by the supplier if the Company consistently fails to purchase minimum volumes of Fuel Products. The Company’s ability to access its various terminal locations is based on maintaining through-put volumes at each terminal. The Company purchases volumes of Fuel Products under its supply contracts, but the Company does not have corresponding sales contracts with its customers. To the extent the Company maintains inventory of Fuel Products, the Company is exposed to market risk related to the volatility of Fuel Product prices. The Company’s cost for Fuel Products is based on a monthly average or 3 day average, to be pre-determined by the Company, based on posted prices. Timing of sales and changes in market prices can result in gains or losses.

Federal and State agencies require the Company to obtain the necessary regulatory and other approvals for its Fuel Sales Business.


	Fuel			Oklahoma			Regional			LPG			Corporate/
	Sales			Assets			Enterprises			Trans.(a)			Other			Total

Revenues		30,308,000			988,000			2,107,000			—			0			33,403,000
Cost Of Goods Sold		30,106,000			663,000			1,762,000			—			(10,000	)		32,521,000

Gross Profit		202,000			325,000			345,000			—			10,000			882,000
Selling, General And Administrative Expenses		191,000			58,000			245,000			—			2,129,000			2,623,000
Loss On Sale Of Remaining LPG — Related Assets											139,000			—			139,000

Operating Income (Loss)		11,000			267,000			100,000			(139,000	)		(2,119,000	)		(1,880,000	)
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Expense		(77,000	)		(638,000	)		(222,000	)		—			(19,000	)		(956,000	)
Interest Income		—			7,000			—			—			3,000			10,000

Income (Loss) Before Taxes		(66,000	)		(364,000	)		(122,000	)		(139,000	)		(2,135,000	)		(2,826,000	)
Provision (Benefit) For Income Taxes		—			—			5,000			—			—			5,000

Net Income (Loss)		(66,000	)		(364,000	)		(127,000	)		(139,000	)		(2,135,000	)		(2,831,000	)
Net Loss Attributable To Non-Controlling Interest		—			—			—			—			(2,051,000	)		(2,051,000	)

Net Loss Attributable To Penn Octane Corporation		(66,000	)		(364,000	)		(127,000	)		(139,000	)		(84,000	)		(780,000	)

~~The~~CHANGES ~~following~~FOR ~~table~~QUARTER ~~shows~~ENDED ~~the~~MARCH ~~Company’s~~31, ~~volume~~2009 ~~sold~~COMPARED ~~and~~WITH ~~delivered~~QUARTER inENDED ~~gallons~~MARCH ~~and average sales price for the Fuel Products for the three months ended March~~ 31, ~~2007 and~~ 2008~~, respectively:~~

	Three months			Three months
	Fuel			Oklahoma			Regional			LPG			Corporate/
	ended			ended
	Sales			Assets			Enterprises			Trans.(a)			Other			Total
	March 31,			March 31,
Revenues		(30,308,000	)		180,000			(367,000	)		—			(0	)		(30,495,000	)
	2007			2008
Cost Of Goods Sold		(30,106,000	)		98,000			(549,000	)		—			10,000			(30,547,000	)
Volume Sold
Gross Profit		(202,000	)		82,000			182,000			—			(10,000	)		52,000
Fuel Products (millions of gallons)		19.5			10.9
Selling, General And Administrative Expenses		(180,000	)		191,000			(54,000	)		—			(1,341,000	)		(1,384,000	)
Average sales price
Loss On Sale Of Remaining LPG — Related Assets		—			—			—			(139,000	)		—			(139,000	)
Fuel Products (per gallon)	$	1.99		$	2.79
Operating Income (Loss)		(22,000	)		(109,000	)		236,000			139,000			1,331,000			1,575,000
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Expense		66,000			(132,000	)		36,000			—			29,000			(1,000	)
Interest Income		14,000			(7,000	)		—			—			(3,000	)		4,000
Income (Loss) Before Taxes		58,000			(248,000	)		272,000			139,000			1,357,000			1,578,000
Provision (Benefit) For Income Taxes		—			—			105,000			—			—			105,000
Net Income (Loss)		58,000			(248,000	)		167,000			139,000			1,357,000			1,473,000
Net Loss Attributable To Non-Controlling Interest		—			—			—			—			1,012,000			1,012,000
Net Loss Attributable To Penn Octane Corporation		58,000			(248,000	)		167,000			139,000			345,000			461,000


(a)		LPG Transportation business commenced in August 2006 sold December 31, 2007. Costs represent remaining charges associated with the sale that were recorded during 2008.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 Compared With Three Months Ended March 31, 2008

Revenues. Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2009 were $2.9 million and excludes any results of the Fuel Sales business which was ceased during May 2008. Revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2008 were $33.4 million and includes the revenues from the Fuel Sales business of $30.3 million. Excluding the operations of the Fuel Sales Business, the revenues from the Oklahoma Assets increased slightly as the result of higher production during the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2008. The revenues from Regional decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2008, primarily due to reduced fuel surcharges received from its transportation operations.

Cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold for the three months ended March 31, 2009 were $2.0 million and excludes the results of the Fuel Sales business which was ceased during May 2008. Cost of goods sold during the three months ended March 31, 2008 were $32.5 million and includes the costs of goods sold of the Fuel Sales business of $30.1 million. Excluding the operations of the Fuel Sales Business, the cost of goods sold from the Oklahoma Assets increased slightly as the result of higher production during the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2008. The cost of goods sold from Regional decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2008, primarily due to reduced fuel costs and other operating efficiencies achieved.

Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $1.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2009 (excluding the impact from changes associated with the Fuel Sales business which was ceased during May 2008) compared with the three months ended March 31, 2008, primarily as the result of reduced selling, general and administrative expenses associated with corporate related activities. These costs included the reduction of share based and unit based costs, payroll related costs and professional fees. These decreases were slightly offset by additional costs associated with becoming the operator of the Oklahoma Assets beginning March 2008, which resulted in additional office administration costs and an increase in professional fees related to legal, accounting and engineering services during the three months ended March 31, 2009.

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest. Net loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest in Rio Vista during the three months ended March 31, 2009 was $1.0 million, which was a reduction from the net loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest in Rio Vista during the three months ended March 31, 2008 of $1.1 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

AsThe ~~a result of the disposition of the LPG-related businesses in 2006 and 2007 and the acquisition of Regional’s business and the Oklahoma assets, the~~ Company’s sources of operating cash flows are expected to be derived from the operations of Regional and from the revenues received from the Oklahoma ~~assets~~Assets. Although the operations of Regional are expected to be profitable, the cash flows of Regional are subject to payments required under the RZB ~~Loan~~Note ~~Agreement~~ described below under “Debt Obligations” and income taxes payable on Regional’s stand-alone taxable income. Based on the current production levels from the Oklahoma ~~assets~~Assets and current prices for oil and ~~natural~~ gas, there is not expected to be sufficient cash from ~~its~~ operations to meet debt service requirements under the TCW Credit Facility described below under “Debt Obligations” unless additional production can be realized. ~~Rio~~Additional ~~Vista~~production ~~has~~will ~~minimal~~require ~~management~~additional capital ~~experience~~expenditures ~~operating~~to ~~oil~~fund ~~and~~drilling ~~gas~~expansion ~~properties~~opportunities. ~~and will~~Rio beVista ~~relying~~currently ondoes ~~the~~not ~~assistance~~have funding ofavailable ~~its~~to ~~Chairman~~perform ofadditional ~~the~~development. ~~Board~~In ~~and~~addition, ~~outside~~Rio ~~consultants~~Vista toprojects ~~provide~~that monthly ~~ongoing~~cash ~~management~~flows ~~expertise.~~received ~~Additional production~~ from the Oklahoma ~~assets~~Assets during the months of April through September will ~~require~~be ~~additional~~less ~~capital~~than ~~expenditures~~during tothe ~~fund~~months ~~drilling~~of ~~expansion~~October ~~opportunities.~~through ~~Rio~~March ~~Vista~~as ~~has~~a ~~only secured~~result ~~funding~~of ~~for~~seasonality. ~~its~~Rio ~~planned~~Vista ~~development~~does not ~~through~~expect ~~April 2008,~~that ~~and~~the ~~such~~Oklahoma ~~development~~Assets iswill ~~not expected~~be toa ~~increase~~source of generating cash flow tofor the ~~levels~~foreseeable future ~~needed~~based ~~for~~on ~~payment~~current ofcash ~~operating~~flow ~~costs~~levels and ~~debt service.~~the Inrequired ~~addition,~~debt ~~Rio~~covenants ~~Vista~~associated ~~projects~~with the ~~monthly~~TCW Credit ~~cash~~Facility, ~~flows~~which ~~received~~prohibits ~~form~~distributions ~~the~~by Rio Vista’s Oklahoma ~~assets~~subsidiaries unless certain ~~during~~conditions ~~the~~are ~~months~~met. ofRio ~~April~~Vista ~~through~~is ~~September~~currently ~~will~~in bediscussion ~~less~~with ~~than~~TCW ~~during~~to restructure the ~~months~~TCW ofCredit Facility. ~~October~~See ~~through March~~“Debt asObligations a— ~~result~~TCW ofCredit ~~seasonality~~Facility” below.

32Pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement, Penn Octane is entitled to reimbursement of costs incurred on behalf of Rio Vista, including an allocable share of overhead. As a result, Rio Vista may not have sufficient available cash to pay its separate general and administrative and other operating expenses, debt service and/or minimum quarterly distributions to unitholders unless Rio Vista is able to restructure the TCW Credit Facility and the RZB Note under terms which would provide an acceptable debt service and cash flow arrangement.

InThe ~~addition,~~Company ~~pursuant~~may toobtain ~~the~~additional ~~Omnibus~~sources ~~Agreement,~~of ~~Penn~~revenues ~~Octane~~through isthe ~~entitled~~completion ~~to reimbursement~~ of ~~costs~~future ~~incurred on behalf of Rio Vista~~transactions, including anacquisitions ~~allocable~~and/or ~~share~~dispositions of ~~overhead~~assets. ~~However,~~The ability of the ~~TCW~~Company ~~Credit~~to ~~Facility~~complete ~~prohibits~~future ~~distributions~~acquisitions bymay ~~Rio~~require ~~Vista’s~~the ~~Oklahoma~~use ~~subsidiaries~~of ~~until~~a ~~December 2008~~portion ~~and subsequent~~or ~~thereto,~~substantially ~~those~~all ~~distributions~~of ~~are~~the ~~limited~~Company’s liquid toassets, ~~75%~~the issuance of ~~defined~~additional ~~available~~debt ~~cash~~and/or ~~flow.~~the Asissuance aof additional equity. ~~result~~Currently, ~~Rio~~substantially ~~Vista~~all ~~may~~of ~~not~~the ~~have~~Company’s ~~sufficient~~assets ~~available~~are ~~cash~~pledged toor ~~pay~~committed ~~its~~to ~~separate~~be ~~general~~pledged ~~and~~as ~~administrative~~collateral ~~and~~on ~~other~~existing ~~operating~~debt ~~expenses,~~in ~~debt~~connection ~~service~~with ~~and/or~~the ~~minimum~~TCW ~~quarterly~~Credit ~~distributions~~Facility toand the RZB ~~unitholders.~~Note In(see ~~addition~~below). Accordingly, ~~Rio~~the ~~Vista~~Company may ~~not~~ be ~~able~~unable to ~~distribute~~obtain toadditional ~~its unitholders sufficient~~financing ~~cash~~collateralized toby ~~meet~~those ~~the tax obligations of unitholders associated with the ownership of common units~~assets.

~~Rio~~At ~~Vista~~March 31, ~~may~~2009, ~~obtain additional sources of revenues through~~ the ~~completion~~Company ofhad ~~future~~a ~~transactions, including~~working ~~acquisitions~~capital ~~and/or~~deficit ~~dispositions~~ of ~~assets~~approximately $ million. The Company ~~ability~~cannot ofbe ~~Rio~~certain ~~Vista~~that ~~to complete~~ future ~~acquisitions~~ ~~may~~cash ~~require~~flows ~~the~~from ~~use~~Regional’s ofbusiness ~~a portion~~ or ~~substantially~~the ~~all~~Oklahoma ~~of Rio Vista~~Assets’~~s liquid assets,~~ ~~the issuance of additional debt~~ and~~/or~~ ~~the~~future ~~issuance~~investments, ofif ~~additional units. Currently~~any, ~~substantially all~~will ofbe ~~Rio~~adequate ~~Vista’s assets are pledged or committed~~ to becover ~~pledged~~all asof ~~collateral~~its onfuture ~~existing~~working ~~debt in~~capital ~~connection with the RZB Credit Facility described below under “Debt Obligations”~~requirements, ~~the~~including ~~TCW~~minimum ~~Credit Facility~~distributions ~~and the RZB Loan Agreement. Accordingly Rio Vista may be unable~~ to ~~obtain additional financing collateralized by those assets~~unitholders.

See note G to the unaudited consolidated financial statements for Rio Vista’s debt obligations and note J for a discussion of the RZB Credit Facility.

Credit Arrangements. Penn Octane finances its purchases of Fuel Products through its credit facility with RZB Finance, LLC (RZB). As of March 31, 2008, Penn Octane had a $10.0 million credit facility available with RZB for demand loans and standby letters of credit (RZB Credit Facility) to finance Penn Octane’s purchases of Fuel Products. The RZB Credit facility is an uncommitted facility under which the letters of credit have an expiration date of no more than 90 days and the facility is reviewed annually. In connection with the RZB Credit Facility, the Company granted RZB a security interest and assignment in any and all of the Company’s accounts, inventory, real property, buildings, pipelines, fixtures and interests therein or relating thereto, other than the Oklahoma assets. Under the existing RZB Credit Facility, the Company may not permit to exist any subsequent lien, security interest, mortgage, charge or other encumbrance of any nature on any of its properties or assets, except in favor of RZB, without the consent of RZB. After the Spin-Off and transfer of assets to Rio Vista, RZB continued to retain a security interest in the assets transferred to Rio Vista.

Under the RZB Credit Facility, the Company pays a fee with respect to each letter of credit thereunder in an amount equal to the greater of (i) $500, (ii) 2% of the maximum face amount of such letter of credit for Fuel Products, or (iii) such higher amount as may be agreed to between the Company and RZB. Any loan amounts outstanding under the RZB Credit Facility accrue interest at a rate equal to the rate announced by the JPMorgan Chase Bank as its prime rate (5.25% at March 31, 2008) plus 2.5%. Pursuant to the RZB Credit Facility, RZB has sole and absolute discretion to limit or terminate its participation in the RZB Credit Facility and to refrain from making any loans or issuing any letters of credit thereunder. RZB also has the right to demand payment of any and all amounts outstanding under the RZB Credit Facility at any time. In addition to the fees described above, the Company is required to pay RZB annual fees of $25,000.

Debt Obligations

RZB ~~Loan Agreement~~Note

In connection with the acquisition of Regional during July 2007, Rio Vista ~~and~~funded ~~Regional~~a ~~entered~~portion ~~into~~of the acquisition through a loan of $5.0 million ~~loan agreement~~ (RZB ~~Loan Agreement~~Note) ~~with~~ from RZB Finance LLC (RZB) dated July 26, 2007. The ~~loan~~RZB isNote was due on demand and if no demand, with a one-year maturity. ~~Any~~The ~~borrowings under the~~ RZB ~~Loan~~Note carries ~~Agreement bear~~ a variable annual rate of interest equal to the higher of (a) the rate of interest established from time to time by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as its “base rate” or its “prime rate,” (3.25% at March 31, 2009), or (b) the weighted average overnight funds rate of the Federal Reserve System plus 0.50%, in each case plus a margin of 4.75% (Base Rate Margin). ~~Under~~On July 27, 2008, the RZB Note was amended whereby the maturity date was extended until August 29, 2008. The RZB ~~Loan~~Note was ~~Agreement~~not paid on August 29, ~~either~~2008. During December 2008, Rio Vista orentered ~~Penn~~into ~~Octane~~a isthird ~~required~~amendment to ~~maintain~~the RZB aNote ~~minimum~~(Third ~~net~~Amendment). ~~worth~~Under the terms of ~~$10 million.~~the InThird ~~connection~~Amendment, ~~with~~the maturity date of the RZB Note ~~Loan~~was ~~Agreement,~~extended ~~Regional~~to ~~granted~~February 27, to2009. ~~RZB~~In aaddition, ~~security~~the interest inrate calculation was modified to ~~all~~include a cost of ~~Regional’s~~funds ~~assets,~~rate definition in determining the base rate and ~~Rio~~the ~~Vista~~Base ~~delivered~~Rate Margin was increased to ~~RZB~~7.0%. aUnder ~~pledge~~the terms of the ~~outstanding~~Third ~~capital~~Amendment, ~~stock of~~the ~~Regional.~~net worth of Penn Octane, ~~Regional~~as defined, ~~and~~is ~~RVOP~~required ~~have~~to ~~also~~be ~~provided~~in aexcess ~~guaranty~~ of ~~Rio~~$3.3 million. ~~Vista’s obligations~~In ~~under~~addition, the ~~RZB~~Third ~~Loan~~Amendment ~~Agreement~~required Rio inVista ~~favor~~to repay $1.0 million of the RZB Note. AsEffective ~~of March~~January 311, ~~2008~~2009, ~~Rio~~Penn ~~Vista~~Octane ~~had~~loaned $5Rio ~~million~~Vista ~~outstanding under~~ the ~~RZB~~$1.0million ~~Loan~~of ~~Agreement~~cash ~~and~~collateral ~~was~~held inby ~~compliance~~RZB ~~with~~for ~~all~~purpose of making the ~~covenants~~required payment ~~thereunder~~described above.

33During February 2009, Rio Vista entered into a fourth amendment to the RZB Note which extended the maturity date of the RZB Note through March 31, 2009. During March 2009, Rio Vista entered into a fifth amendment to the RZB Note which extends the maturity date of the RZB Note through April 30, 2009. The RZB Note was not paid by April 30, 2009. Rio Vista and RZB are currently negotiating an additional extension of the RZB Note (Extended RZB Note). Rio Vista expects that the Extended RZB Note will have a three year maturity, with monthly amortization, and will provide Regional with the ability to make minimum monthly payments to Rio Vista to cover a portion of Rio Vista’s corporate overhead subject to Regional meeting required debt service covenants. In addition, Rio Vista will be required to subordinate repayment of its intercompany loan with Regional and Regional will be required to enter into a control agreement with its banks which will provide RZB with the ability to access Regional’s cash in the event of a default. The Extended RZB Note has not been executed and is subject to due diligence, final loan documents and approval of both parties.

In connection with the RZB Note, Regional granted to RZB a security interest in all of Regional’s assets, including a deed of trust on real property owned by Regional, and Rio Vista delivered to RZB a pledge of the outstanding capital stock of Regional. On July 26, 2007, as a further condition of the Loan Agreement, Penn Octane also entered into a Guaranty & Agreement (Guaranty) with RZB. Pursuant to the Guaranty, Penn Octane agreed to guaranty all of the indebtedness, liabilities and obligations of Rio Vista to RZB under the Loan Agreement and otherwise. The RZB Note is also guaranteed by Regional and RVOP.

TCW Credit Facility

InThe ~~connection~~TCW ~~with~~Credit ~~the~~Facility ~~acquisition~~is ofa ~~certain~~$30.0 million ofsenior ~~the~~secured ~~Oklahoma~~credit ~~assets,~~facility available to Rio Vista Penny LLC, ~~an indirect~~with a maturity date of August 29, ~~wholly-owned~~2010. ~~subsidiary~~The amount of ~~Rio~~the ~~Vista,~~initial ~~entered~~draw ~~into~~under athe facility was $3021.7 million, ~~senior~~consisting ~~secured~~of ~~credit~~$16.75 million in assumption of the existing indebtedness ~~facility~~in ~~(TCW~~the ~~Credit~~principal ~~Facility)~~amount ~~with~~of ~~TCW~~$16.5 million ~~Asset~~plus ~~Management~~accrued ~~Company~~but ~~and~~unpaid ~~certain~~interest ~~TCW~~in ~~Energy~~the ~~Fund~~amount Xof ~~investors (collectively~~$250,000 owed by GM Oil to TCW), $1.95 million in ~~November 2007.~~consideration ~~The~~for TCW ~~Credit~~to enter into the TCW Credit Facility ~~has~~with aRio ~~maturity~~Vista ~~date~~Penny ~~of August 29,~~and ~~2010.~~for ~~However,~~Rio atVista ~~any~~Penny ~~time~~to purchase ~~during~~an ~~the~~overriding ~~period~~royalty ~~from~~interest ~~May~~(ORRI) ~~19,~~held ~~2008~~by ~~through~~an ~~November 19, 2009,~~affiliate of TCW, ~~has~~and $3.0 million to fund the ~~right~~acquisition toof ~~demand~~the ~~payment~~membership interests of ~~$2,200,000~~GO by Rio Vista GO. TCW also approved a plan of development (APOD) for the ~~amount~~Oklahoma ~~outstanding~~assets ~~under~~totaling ~~the~~approximately ~~TCW~~$2.0 million, which was funded ~~Credit~~during ~~Facility~~December 2007. The TCW Credit Facility is secured by a first lien on all of the Oklahoma ~~assets~~ assets and associated production proceeds. ~~The~~pursuant ~~interest~~to ~~rate~~the onNote ~~borrowings~~Purchase ~~under~~Agreement, Security Agreement and related agreements, including mortgages of the ~~TCW~~Oklahoma ~~Credit~~assets ~~Facility~~in favor of TCW. The interest rate is 10.5%, increasing toan ~~12.5~~additional 2% if there is an event of default. (see below). Payments under the TCW Credit Facility ~~are~~were interest-only until December 29, 2008. The TCW Credit Facility ~~has~~carries no prepayment penalty. ~~Certain~~ Rio Vista ~~subsidiaries~~ECO ~~have guaranteed payment of the obligations outstanding under the TCW Credit Facility. Rio Vista Penny and Rio Vista GO~~ LLC, (an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Rio Vista, ~~both~~and ofthe ~~which~~direct ~~hold~~parent ~~all~~ of ~~the~~Rio ~~Oklahoma~~Vista ~~assets,~~Penny ~~are~~and ~~prohibited from making upstream distributions to~~ Rio Vista ~~before November 30~~GO), ~~2008. Thereafter, upstream distributions to~~ Rio Vista ~~not~~GO, inGO ~~excess~~and ofMV ~~75%~~have each ofagreed ~~quarterly cash flow are permitted subject~~ to ~~certain conditions.~~guarantee Aspayment of ~~March 31,~~the ~~2008,~~Notes ~~Rio~~payable ~~Vista~~to ~~had~~the ~~$23.7 million~~lenders ~~outstanding~~ under the TCW Credit ~~Facility~~ ~~and was in compliance with all of the covenants thereunder~~Facility.

~~RZB~~Under the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement, at any time during the period from May 19, 2008 through November 19, 2009, TCW has the right to demand payment of $2.2 million of debt (Demand Loan). Beginning May 19, 2008, TCW also has the right to convert the outstanding principal amount of the Demand Loan into common units of Rio Vista at a price equal to the lesser of $13.33 per unit or 90% of the 20-day average trading price of such units preceding the election to convert. Beginning November 19, 2008, TCW has the right to convert the balance of the debt under the TCW Credit Facility ~~Guarantee~~into common units of Rio Vista at a price equal to 90% of the 20-day average trading price of such units preceding the election to convert. The conversion rights of TCW as described above were formalized through the issuance of a warrant by Rio Vista (TCW Warrant). Rio Vista has agreed to file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 covering the common units issued pursuant to the TCW Warrant within 90 days following the first exercise of the TCW Warrant.

AsRio ofVista ~~March 31,~~Penny ~~2008,~~and ~~Penn~~Rio ~~Octane~~Vista ~~had a $10~~GO,~~000,000~~ ~~credit~~which ~~facility~~hold ~~with~~the ~~RZB~~Oklahoma ~~for~~Assets, ~~demand~~are ~~loans~~prohibited ~~and standby~~from ~~letters of credit (RZB Credit Facility). In connection with the spin-off of the LPG~~making ~~business~~upstream bydistributions ~~Penn Octane~~ to Rio Vista, ~~Rio~~unless ~~Vista~~certain ~~agreed~~conditions toare ~~guarantee~~met ~~Penn~~which ~~Octane’s~~currently ~~obligations~~are ~~with~~not ~~respect~~expected to ~~the~~be ~~RZB~~met ~~Credit Facility. In connection with Rio Vista’s guaranty, Rio Vista granted RZB a security interest and assignment~~ in ~~any and all of Rio Vista’s accounts, real property, buildings, pipelines, fixtures and interests therein or relating thereto, other than~~ the ~~Oklahoma assets~~future. In addition, ~~Rio Vista may not permit to exist any subsequent lien, security interest, mortgage, charge or other encumbrance of any nature on any of its properties or assets, except in favor of RZB, without~~ the ~~consent~~TCW ofCredit ~~RZB.~~Facility ~~Rio~~requires ~~Vista may also be prohibited from making any~~semi-annual ~~distributions~~reserve toreports ~~unit~~by ~~holders if it would cause~~ an ~~event~~independent ofengineer ~~default,~~which oris ifused anin ~~event~~determining ~~of default is existing, under~~ the ~~RZB~~allowable ~~Credit Facility~~borrowing base.

On September 29, 2008, Rio Vista Penny entered into a First Amendment to the Note Purchase Agreement (First TCW Amendment) with TCW. Under the terms of the First TCW Amendment, TCW agreed to fund Rio Vista Penny an additional $1.0 million under the TCW Credit Facility for certain APOD costs as described in the First TCW Amendment. In addition, under the terms of the First TCW Amendment, the interest rate under the TCW Credit Facility increased from 10.5% per annum to 12.5% per annum beginning July 1, 2008. Under the terms of the First TCW Amendment, TCW agreed to change the period for which a notice to demand repayment from Rio Vista Penny of up to $2.2 million of indebtedness under the TCW Credit Facility from May 19, 2008 to January 1, 2009 and Rio Vista Penny also agreed to extend the demand repayment option on the $2.2 million through the date of maturity of the TCW Credit Facility. In addition, under the terms of the First TCW Amendment, TCW has agreed to waive other defaults identified in the First TCW Amendment which either occurred and/or were existing prior to the date of the First TCW Amendment.

In addition, on September 29, 2008, in connection with the TCW Credit Facility, Rio Vista Penny, Rio Vista, Operating and TCW entered into an Amended and Restated Management Services Agreement (Amended MSA). Under the terms of the Amended MSA, Operating was named as manager of the Oklahoma properties, replacing Northport Production Company, an Oklahoma corporation, which was previously named as manager under the original management services agreement.

Rio Vista Penny and TCW entered into several letter agreements whereby TCW agreed to extend the payment obligations under the TCW Credit Facility (including the December 2008 and March 2009 principal payments and interest payments due) and other requirements pursuant to the TCW Credit Facility until May 20, 2009 (TCW Waiver). In connection with one of the extensions, the TCW Waiver was modified whereby TCW agreed to provide Rio Vista with 62 days advance written notice to exercise the TCW Warrant, except for up to 400,000 common units of Rio Vista.

The Company’s management is in discussions with TCW to restructure the TCW Credit Facility. Although no definitive agreement has been reached, these discussions include surrendering to TCW all of the Oklahoma Assets and some equity in satisfaction of outstanding indebtedness.

However, if the Company’s management is unable to restructure the TCW Credit Facility or obtain additional extension or waivers of its requirements of payment terms and covenants contained in the TCW Credit Facility, then Rio Vista Penny will be in default under the terms of the TCW Credit Facility.

TCW has the right to foreclose against Rio Vista Penny under the terms of the TCW Credit Facility. TCW has no recourse against Rio Vista, except that TCW holds the TCW Warrant, granting it the right, but not the obligation, to convert a portion or all of the value of the debt owing under the TCW Credit Facility, including accrued interest and penalties, into Rio Vista common units at the exercise price defined in the TCW Warrant (approximately 90% of the market value of the common units on the 20 trading days preceding the conversion date).

If TCW converts any amounts owing under the TCW Credit Facility into Rio Vista common units, then the current Rio Vista common unit holders will be significantly diluted.

As of March 31, 2009, the net book value of the Oklahoma Assets was approximately $35.1 million. As a result of foreclosure, based on March 31, 2009 balances, Rio Vista would record a loss related to the Oklahoma Assets which could approximate $7.3 million. The exercise by TCW of any amount under the TCW Warrant would reduce the amount of the recordable loss by a corresponding amount.

Moores Note

AsIn ~~partial~~connection ~~consideration~~with ~~for~~ the ~~acquisition~~purchase of ~~certain of~~ the ~~Oklahoma~~Penny ~~assets~~Assets, by Rio Vista ~~Penny, Rio~~issued ~~Vista delivered~~ a promissory note inwith ~~November 2007 to Gary Moores in~~ the ~~aggregate principal~~ principal amount of $500,000. ~~The~~bearing ~~note bears~~ interest at 7% per annum ~~and~~(Moores ~~matures~~Note) payable to Gary Moores on May 19, 2008. ~~Beginning~~ Under the terms of the Moores Note, beginning February 19, 2008, Gary Moores ~~has~~ had the option to convert the outstanding principal and interest of the ~~note~~Moores Note into common units of Rio Vista atwhich aoption ~~conversion~~was ~~price~~not ~~equal~~exercised toand ~~90%~~expired ofon ~~the 10-day~~May 19, ~~average closing price of such common units as reported by the NASDAQ Stock market at the time of conversion~~2008. The ~~conversion~~Moores ~~option~~Note ~~may~~was ~~be exercised on only one occasion and expires on May~~not ~~19,~~paid ~~2008~~upon maturity.

~~Regional~~On June 27, 2008, the Moores Note was amended (Amended Moores Note). In connection with the Amended Moores Note, Rio Vista made a principal payment of $100,000, plus accrued interest through that date and the maturity date of the remaining principal balance was extended to November 19, 2008. In addition, the interest rate on the remaining balance of the Moores Note was increased to 10% per annum. Simultaneously with the amendment of the Moores Note, Penny agreed to the sale and transfer of certain goods and chattels to Gary Moores in exchange for $100,000 which was paid through a credit against the outstanding principal balance due under the Moores Note and Penny also received from a company owned by Gary Moores, a used vehicle with nominal value, to be used by Penny for general operations. The Amended Moores Note was not paid upon maturity. In November 2008, Gary Moores filed a civil action against Rio Vista as a result of the non-payment (Civil Action).

InOn ~~connection~~January 20, ~~with~~2009, the ~~Regional~~Moores ~~acquisition,~~Note ~~Regional~~was ~~issued~~once aagain ~~promissory~~amended ~~note~~(Second inAmended Moores Note). In connection with the ~~amount~~Second ofAmended ~~$1 million~~Moores toNote, beRio ~~paid~~Vista inagreed ~~four~~to ~~equal~~make ~~semiannual~~monthly ~~installments~~principal payments of $~~250~~12,~~000~~500 plus interest beginning ~~January~~May 2710, ~~2008. Rio~~2009 ~~Vista~~and ~~has~~to ~~recorded~~continue asuch ~~discount~~payments offor ~~$116,000~~5 ~~(10%~~consecutive months. ~~effective~~Each ~~rate)~~month thereafter, ~~representing~~Rio ~~the~~Vista ~~portion~~is ~~of interest~~required ~~associated~~to ~~with~~make ~~the~~principal ~~note~~payments of $37,500 ~~which~~plus interest ~~shall~~until beall ~~amortized~~amounts ~~over~~due ~~the~~and ~~term~~payable ofhave ~~the~~been ~~note~~paid. ~~During January~~The May ~~2008~~10, ~~the~~2009 ~~first~~principal ~~installment~~payment was not ~~paid~~made. ~~For~~In addition, in connection with the ~~three~~Second ~~months~~Amended ~~ended~~Moores ~~March 31~~Note, ~~2008,~~Gary ~~$19,000~~Moores agreed to ~~was~~dismiss ~~amortized~~the Civil Action.

~~Distributions~~Seller’s ofNote ~~Available~~— ~~Cash. All Rio Vista unitholders have the right to receive~~Regional distributions from Rio Vista of “available cash” (as defined in the partnership agreement) in an amount equal to at least the minimum distribution of $0.25 per quarter per unit, plus any arrearages in the payment of the minimum quarterly distribution on the units from prior quarters subject to any reserves determined by our General Partner. Our General Partner has a right to receive a distribution corresponding to its 2% General Partner interest and the incentive distribution rights described below. The distributions are to be paid within 45 days after the end of each calendar quarter. However, Rio Vista is prohibited from making any distributions to unitholders if it would cause an event of default, or an event of default exists, under any obligation of Penn Octane which Rio Vista has guaranteed.

In connection with the Regional acquisition, Regional issued a promissory note in the amount of $1.0 million to be paid in four equal semiannual installments of $250,000 beginning January 27, 2008. Rio Vista recorded a discount of $116,000 (10% effective rate), representing the portion of interest associated with the note, which was to be amortized over the term of the note. During January 2008, the first installment was paid. On July 27, 2008 and January 27, 2009, the second and third installment was due to be paid. Regional did not make the second or third installment payments as it believes that there exists offsets in connection with the acquisition of Regional in excess of the payments.

InRichter ~~addition~~Note ~~to its 2% General Partner interest, our General Partner is currently the holder of~~Payable incentive distribution rights which entitle the holder to an increasing portion of cash distributions as described in the partnership agreement. As a result, cash distributions from Rio Vista are shared by the holders of the common units and our General Partner based on a formula whereby the General Partner receives disproportionately more distributions per percentage interest than the holders of the common units as annual cash distributions exceed certain milestones.

On April 15, 2008, Mr. Jerome B. Richter, a former officer of Penn Octane, agreed to loan Rio Vista $575,000 ~~made~~in exchange for a promissory note issued by Rio Vista, guaranteed by Penn Octane (Richter Note Payable) and collateralized by the ~~following~~assets ~~distributions~~of ~~subsequent~~Rio Vista, subject to ~~December~~the consent of RZB and TCW. Under the terms of the Richter Note Payable, Rio Vista is required to repay the Richter Note Payable on November 3115, ~~2007:~~2008 which payment was not made. Rio Vista and Mr. Richter are negotiating an extension of the due date. The Richter Note Payable accrues interest at an annual rate of 8 percent (8%). Proceeds from the Richter Note Payable were used for working capital.

					Amounts Paid
Quarter	Payment		Distribution		Common		General
Ended	Date		Per Unit		Units		Partner
December 2007		02/14/08	$	0.25	$	607,000	$	12,000
March 2008		05/16/08	$	0.25	$	629,000	$	13,000

Distributions of Available Cash

All Rio Vista unitholders have the right to receive distributions from Rio Vista of “available cash” as defined in the partnership agreement in an amount equal to at least the minimum distribution of $0.25 per quarter per unit, plus any arrearages in the payment of the minimum quarterly distribution on the units from prior quarters subject to any reserves determined by the General Partner. The General Partner has a right to receive a distribution corresponding to its 2% General Partner interest and the incentive distribution rights described below. The distributions are to be paid within 45 days after the end of each calendar quarter. However, Rio Vista is prohibited from making any distributions to unitholders if it would cause an event of default, or an event of default exists, under any obligation of Penn Octane which Rio Vista has guaranteed.

Leases

~~Norfolk Southern Leases.~~ On January 1, 2003, Regional (as lessee) entered into a lease agreement with Norfolk Southern Railway Company (as lessor) for approximately 3.1 acres of land which is utilized in connection with Regional’s existing operations at Regional’s facilities in Hopewell, Virginia. The lease includes the right to maintain existing warehouses, storage tanks for handling petroleum and chemical products, and necessary appurtenances. The lease term was January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2005. The lease has not been renewed and may be terminated by either party upon 30 days’ written notice. Rent is $1,500 per month subject to adjustment based on inflation.

AsOn ~~replacement~~June 1, ~~of the foregoing leases~~2007, Regional isexecuted ~~currently~~a ~~negotiating~~letter of intent with Norfolk Southern dated May 29, 2007 which provides for the replacement of the foregoing leases, through a purchase of approximately 3.5 acres of land and the lease of approximately 1.9 acres of land on a long-term basis. ~~On June 1, 2007, Regional executed a letter of intent from Norfolk~~ ~~Southern dated May 29, 2007.~~ Regional received a letter ~~form~~from Norfolk Southern dated July 26, 2007, approving the purchase of the land and the lease on the terms contained in the letter of intent. Regional is awaiting definitive documents from Norfolk Southern in order to complete the purchase and lease transactions.

CEOcast Agreement

Effective July 2, 2007, Rio Vista entered into a consulting agreement with CEOcast, Inc. (CEOcast) whereby CEOcast agreed to render investor relations services to Rio Vista. Under the terms of the CEOcast agreement, CEOcast will receive cash fees of $7,500 per month and Rio Vista shall also issue to CEOcast (a) 1,399 of Rio Vista’s fully-paid, non-assessable common units (Common Units) and (b) $75,000 worth of Common Units on March 31, 2008 based on a calculation of units contained in the consulting agreement. The delivery of any Common Units shall be made at the soonest practical date after March 31, 2008, based on the best efforts of Rio Vista. In accordance with the Agreement, during April 2008, Rio Vista provided notice to CEOcast that it would not renew the Agreement upon the expiration in July 2008. As of March 31, 2008, Rio Vista was obligated to provide CEOcast a total of 6,378 Common Units. Based on the closing price of Rio Vista Common Units as of March 31, 2008, the Company recorded additional expense of $9,323 associated with the agreement.

Consulting Agreement

Sale Of Remaining LPG Assets

On December 31, 2008, Rio Vista received a claim from TransMontaigne related to the Holdback diligence deductions and working capital adjustment, pursuant to the Purchase and Sale Agreement. TransMontaigne claims a $316,000 working capital adjustment and $1.4 million in connection with the indemnification obligations included in the Purchase and Sale Agreement. Rio Vista is working with TransMontaigne to define the scope of the adjustments to an amount which Rio Vista considers to be more realistic. Any amount which may subsequently be agreed to by TransMontaigne and Rio Vista shall first be charged to the $500,000 Holdback, and also is subject to the $1.0 million limitation of indemnification. As of March 31, 2009, Rio Vista has accrued $220,000 to provide for these adjustments, in addition to the Holdback. Rio Vista’s management and its legal counsel believe that the amount of the TransMontaigne claim will be resolved within the amounts already provided.

Related Party Loans to Rio Vista

As of July 23, 2008, Rio Vista offset $2.0 million owed to Penn Octane against the amounts owed by Penn Octane to acquire Rio Vista common units (see above). In addition, Penn Octane has loaned additional amounts to Rio Vista for the sole purpose of allowing Rio Vista to fund ongoing operations and the June 2008 quarterly distribution.

In connection with the Third Amendment of the RZB Note, Rio Vista was required to repay $1.0 million of the RZB Note. Effective January 1, 2009, Penn Octane loaned Rio Vista $1.0 million of its cash collateral held by RZB for the purpose of funding Rio Vista’s obligation to make the required payment described above.

Realization of Assets

The accompanying consolidated balance sheet has been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which contemplate continuation of of the Company as a going concern. The Company ~~had~~has a loss from continuing operations for ~~each of~~ the ~~two years ended December 31, 2007 and the~~ three months ended March 31, ~~2008~~2009 and has a deficit in working capital. Currently, all revenues generated from the Oklahoma ~~assets~~Assets are held as collateral against the TCW Credit Facility. The ~~current portion of the~~ TCW ~~Credit~~ Credit Facility, the Moores Note, the RZB Note, ~~and~~ the ~~Seller~~Sellers’ Note — Regional and the Richter Note total approximately $30.3 million and are all ~~short-term~~classified inas current liabilities. Penn Octane also ~~nature~~owes excise and ~~amounts~~other ~~due~~taxes, including computed interest and penalties collected from customers in connection with the ~~current~~sale ~~year~~of ~~are~~Fuel ~~approximately~~ Products in the amount of $101.9 million. The TCW Credit Facility extension expires on May 20, 2009 and the RZB Note has not been extended. RZB has not yet given Rio Vista notice of default and the parties continue to negotiate an extension of the RZB Note. In the event such obligations are not satisfactorily restructured, further extended or actions to enforce collections do not continue to be deferred by creditors, the TCW Credit Facility, the RZB Note and/or other obligations will be due immediately.

The Oklahoma ~~assets~~Assets and/or the Regional operations currently do not generate sufficient cash flow to pay general and administrative and other operating expenses of the Company, excise and other taxes of Fuel Products and all debt service requirements. The TCW Credit Facility prohibits distributions by Rio Vista’s Oklahoma subsidiaries ~~until~~ ~~December 2008~~unless ~~and~~certain ~~subsequent~~conditions ~~thereto,~~are ~~those~~met ~~distributions~~which currently are ~~limited~~not expected to ~~75%~~be ~~of defined available cash flow~~met. In addition, Rio Vista requires additional funding in order to increase production levels for its Oklahoma ~~assets~~Assets.

Penn Octane has guaranteed the RZB Note. Substantially all of Rio Vista’s and Penn Octane’s assets are pledged or committed to be pledged as collateral on the TCW Credit Facility, the RZB Note and RZB Credit Facility, and therefore, both Rio Vista and Penn Octane may be unable to obtain additional financing collateralized by those assets. Rio Vista’s Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on the consolidated financial statements of Rio Vista at December 31, 2007 contained an explanatory paragraph which describes an uncertainty about Rio Vista’s ability to continue as a going concern. If Penn Octane’s and Rio Vista’s cash flows are not adequate to pay their obligations, Penn Octane and/or Rio Vista may be required to raise additional funds to avoid foreclosure by creditors. There can be no assurance that such additional funding will be available on terms attractive to either Penn Octane or Rio Vista or available at all. If additional amounts cannot be raised and cash flow is inadequate, Penn Octane and/or Rio Vista would likely be required to seek other alternatives which could include the sale of assets, closure of operations and/or protection under the U.S. bankruptcy laws.

In view of the matters described in the preceding paragraphs, recoverability of the recorded asset amounts shown in the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheet is dependent upon the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The unaudited consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue in existence.

Rio Vista has guaranteed certain of Penn Octane’s obligations. Substantially all of Rio Vista’s and Penn Octane’s assets are pledged or committed to be pledged as collateral on The TCW Credit Facility, and the RZB Note and RZB Credit Facility, and therefore, both Rio Vista and Penn Octane may be unable to obtain additional financing collateralized by those assets. Penn Octane’s Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on the consolidated financial statements of Penn Octane at December 31, 2007 contains an explanatory paragraph which describes an uncertainty about Penn Octane’s ability to continue as a going concern. If Penn Octane’s and Rio Vista’s cash flows are not adequate to pay their obligations, Penn Octane and/or Rio Vista may be required to raise additional funds to avoid foreclosure by creditors. There can be no assurance that such additional funding will be available on terms attractive to either Penn Octane or Rio Vista or available at all. If additional amounts cannot be raised and cash flow is inadequate, Penn Octane and/or Rio Vista would likely be required to seek other alternatives which could include the sale of assets, closure of operations and/or protection under the U.S. bankruptcy laws.

In view of the matters described in the preceding paragraphs, recoverability of the recorded asset amounts shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet is dependent upon the ability of Rio Vista to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should Rio Vista be unable to continue in existence.

~~Results~~Penn Octane has guaranteed the RZB Note. Substantially all of ~~Operations~~Rio Vista’s and Penn Octane’s assets are pledged or committed to be pledged as collateral on the TCW Credit Facility, the RZB Note and the Richter Note and therefore, both Rio Vista and Penn Octane may be unable to obtain additional financing collateralized by those assets. Rio Vista’s Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on the consolidated financial statements of Rio Vista at December 31, 2008 contains an explanatory paragraph which describes an uncertainty about Rio Vista’s ability to continue as a going concern. If Penn Octane’s and Rio Vista’s cash flows are not adequate to pay their obligations, Penn Octane and/or Rio Vista may be required to raise additional funds to avoid foreclosure by creditors. There can be no assurance that such additional funding will be available on terms attractive to either Penn Octane or Rio Vista or available at all. If additional amounts cannot be raised, existing debts restructured and cash flow is inadequate, Penn Octane and/or Rio Vista would likely be required to seek other alternatives which could include the sale of assets, closure of operations and/or protection under the U.S. bankruptcy laws.

~~Because~~In view of ~~our~~the ~~rapid~~matters ~~growth~~described ~~through~~in ~~acquisitions~~the ~~during~~preceding ~~this past year~~paragraphs, ~~our~~recoverability ~~historical results~~ of ~~operations~~ ~~and~~the ~~period-to-period~~recorded ~~comparisons of these results and certain financial data may not be~~asset ~~meaningful~~amounts orshown ~~indicative~~in ~~of future results. The following discussion of~~ the ~~Company’s~~accompanying ~~results~~consolidated ~~of operations~~balance ~~from~~sheet ~~continuing~~is ~~operations~~dependent ~~for~~upon ~~all periods presented excludes~~ the ~~results~~ability of ~~operations~~the ~~related~~Company to restructure the ~~assets~~TCW ~~that~~Credit ~~have~~Facility ~~been~~and ~~disposed,~~the ~~including~~RZB ~~revenues~~Note, ~~direct~~pay ~~costs,~~the ~~associated interest~~excise ~~expenses, minority interest~~ and ~~income~~other taxes, ~~which~~and to ~~have~~continue ~~been reclassified~~ as ~~discontinued operations~~a ~~(see~~going ~~below)~~concern. ~~The~~In ~~results~~connection ~~of operations from continuing operations reflect only the results associated~~ with ~~(i) the~~The ~~Transportation and Terminaling Business consisting of Regional~~Company’s ~~transportation~~ ofannual ~~bulk~~report ~~liquids~~on ~~and~~Form ~~its~~10-K ~~related~~for the ~~terminalling~~fiscal ~~and~~year ~~storage~~ended ~~services (ii) the LPG (sold~~ December 31, ~~2007)~~2008, ~~operations~~our ofindependent ~~the~~public ~~US-Mexico~~accountant’s ~~Pipelines~~report ~~and~~contained ~~Matamoros~~an explanatory ~~Terminal~~paragraph ~~Facility,~~which ~~(iii) the Company’s~~describes ~~Fuel~~an ~~Sales~~uncertainty ~~business,~~about ~~and (iv)~~ the ~~oil~~Company’s ~~and~~ability ~~gas~~to ~~operations~~continue ~~associated~~as ~~with the Oklahoma~~a ~~assets,~~going ~~and~~concern. ~~all~~The ~~indirect~~consolidated ~~income~~financial ~~and~~statements ~~expenses~~do ofnot ~~the~~include ~~Company~~any ~~relating~~adjustments ~~thereto.~~related ~~Revenues~~to ~~from~~ the ~~Company’s~~recoverability ~~Transportation~~ and ~~Terminaling~~classification ~~Business~~of ~~commenced~~recorded onasset ~~August 22,~~amounts ~~2006~~or ~~although~~amounts ~~expenses associated~~and ~~with~~classification ~~operation~~ of liabilities ~~the~~that ~~US-Mexico~~might ~~Pipelines~~be ~~and~~necessary ~~Matamoros~~should ~~Terminal Facility were incurred during~~ the ~~entire~~Company ~~period~~be ~~for~~unable ~~each~~to ~~period~~restructure ~~presented.~~such ~~Revenues~~debt ~~from the Oil~~ and ~~Gas segment~~to ~~commenced~~continue onin ~~November 19, 2007~~existence.

~~Continuing~~To ~~Operations~~provide the Company with the ability it believes necessary to continue in existence, management is taking steps to restructure its existing debt obligations, sell assets, raise additional debt and/or equity financing and reduce its general and administrative and other operating expenses.

Three months ended March 31, 2008 Compared with Three Months ended March 31, 2007

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2008

	Fuel			Oklahoma			Regional			LPG		Corporate/
	Sales (d)			Assets (a)			Enterprises (b)			Transportation (c)		Other			Total
Revenues		30,308,000			988,000			2,107,000			—		—			33,403,000
Cost Of Goods Sold		30,106,000			663,000			1,762,000			—		(10,000	)		32,521,000
Gross Profit		202,000			325,000			345,000			—		10,000			882,000
Selling, General And Administrative Expenses		191,000			29,000			245,000			—		2,297,000			2,762,000
Operating Income (loss)		11,000			296,000			100,000			—		(2,287,000	)		(1,880,000	)
Other Income (Expense)
Interest and Fuel Products Financing Expense		(77,000	)		(638,000	)		(222,000	)		—		(19,000	)		(956,000	)
Interest Income		—			7,000			—			—		3,000			10,000
Minority Interest		—			—			—			—		2,051,000			2,051,000
Loss From Operations Before Taxes		(66,000	)		(335,000	)		(122,000	)		—		(252,000	)		(775,000	)
Provision For Income Taxes		—			—			5,000			—		—			5,000
Net Loss		(66,000	)		(335,000	)		(127,000	)		—		(252,000	)		(780,000	)

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2007

	Fuel			Oklahoma		Regional		LPG			Corporate/
	Sales (d)			Assets (a)		Enterprises (b)		Transportation (c)			Other			Total
Revenues		38,703,000			—		—		679,000			—			39,382,000
Cost Of Goods Sold		38,044,000			—		—		394,000			—			38,438,000
Gross Profit		659,000			—		—		285,000			—			944,000
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses		222,000			—		—		61,000			1,121,000			1,404,000
Operating Income (Loss)		437,000			—		—		224,000			(1,121,000	)		(460,000	)
Other Income (Expense)
Interest and Fuel Products Financing Expense		(123,000	)		—		—		(26,000	)		(3,000	)		(152,000	)
Interest Income		—			—		—		—			13,000			13,000
Minority Interest		—			—		—		—			460,000			460,000
Income (Loss) From Operations Before Taxes		314,000			—		—		198,000			(651,000	)		(139,000	)
Provision For Income Taxes (Benefit)		15,000			—		—		—			(42,000	)		(27,000	)
Net Income (Loss)		299,000			—		—		198,000			(609,000	)		(112,000	)

(a) Acquired during November 2007 (b) Acquired during July 2007 (c) Business commenced in August 2006 and sold December 31, 2007 (d) Business ceased in May 2008

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Recently Issued Financial Accounting Standards

~~FASB~~In ~~Statement~~December 2007, ofthe ~~Financial~~FASB ~~Accounting~~released ~~Standards (~~SFAS) No. ~~157~~160, ~~Fair~~“Noncontrolling ~~Value~~Interests ~~Measurements, issued~~ in ~~September 2006,~~ ~~establishes a formal framework for measuring fair value under GAAP. It defines and~~Consolidated ~~codifies~~Financial ~~the~~Statements ~~many~~an ~~definitions~~amendment of ~~fair~~ARB ~~value~~No. 51”, ~~included~~which ~~among~~establishes ~~various~~accounting ~~other~~and ~~authoritative literature,~~reporting ~~clarifies~~standards ~~and,~~for ~~in some instances, expands on~~ the ~~guidance~~noncontrolling ~~for~~interests ~~implementing~~in ~~fair~~a ~~value~~subsidiary ~~measurements,~~ and ~~increases~~for the ~~level~~deconsolidation of ~~disclosure required for fair value measurements~~a subsidiary. ~~Although~~ SFAS No. ~~157 applies~~160 torequires ~~and~~consolidated ~~amends~~net ~~the~~income ~~provisions~~to ofbe ~~existing~~reported ~~FASB~~at ~~and~~amounts ~~AICPA~~that ~~pronouncements, it does not, of~~include ~~itself,~~the ~~require~~amounts ~~any~~attributable ~~new fair value measurements, nor does it establish valuation standards. SFAS No. 157 applies~~ to ~~all~~both ~~other~~the ~~accounting~~parent ~~pronouncements~~and ~~requiring~~the ornoncontrolling ~~permitting~~interests ~~fair~~and ~~value~~requires ~~measurements~~disclosure, ~~except~~on ~~for:~~the ~~SFAS~~face ~~No. 123(R),~~of ~~share-based~~the ~~payment~~consolidated ~~and~~statement ~~related~~of ~~pronouncements~~income, of the ~~practicability~~ ~~exceptions~~amounts toof ~~fair~~consolidated ~~value determinations allowed by various other authoritative~~net ~~pronouncements,~~income ~~and~~attributable ~~AICPA~~to ~~Statements~~the ofparent ~~Position 97-2~~ and ~~98-9~~to ~~that~~the ~~deal~~noncontrolling ~~with software revenue recognition~~interest. ~~This~~Previously, ~~statement~~net ~~was~~income attributable ~~initially~~ to ~~have~~the ~~become~~noncontrolling ~~effective~~interest ~~for~~was ~~financial~~reported ~~statements~~as ~~issued for~~an ~~fiscal~~expense ~~years~~or ~~beginning~~other ~~after~~deduction ~~November 15,~~in arriving ~~2007,~~at ~~and~~consolidated ~~interim~~net ~~periods within those fiscal years~~income. As ~~a result of FASB Staff Position 157-2, the effective date of~~ SFAS No. ~~157~~160 ~~for~~is ~~nonfinancial assets~~effective ~~and~~for ~~liabilities~~us ~~has been deferred to fiscal years~~ beginning ~~after November~~January 151, ~~2008 and interim periods within those fiscal years~~2009. Rio Vista ~~does~~believes ~~not expect~~ the adoption of ~~SFAS~~this ~~No. 157 to~~statement will not have a material impact on its consolidated ~~results of operations,~~ financial ~~position, and cash flows~~statements.

38In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161 (SFAS No. 161), “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133.” SFAS No. 161 amends and expands the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 133 to provide greater transparency about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedge items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133 and its related interpretations and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 requires qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of gains and losses on derivative instruments and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative agreements. SFAS No. 161 is effective for us beginning January 1, 2009. Rio Vista does not expect the adoption of the new accounting standard to have an impact on Rio Vista’s financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies

The consolidated financial statements of Rio Vista reflect the selection and application of accounting policies which require management to make significant estimates and judgments. See note B to Rio Vista’s consolidated financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”.

Statement by Management Concerning Review of Interim Information by An Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this filing on Form 10-Q have been reviewed by Burton McCumber & Cortez, L.L.P., an independent registered public accounting firm, in accordance with established professional standards and procedures for such review. The report of Burton McCumber & Cortez, L.L.P. commenting on their review, accompanies the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of Part I.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not applicable.

Item 4T. Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure ~~controls are procedures that are designed with the objective of ensuring that~~Controls information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), such as this Form 10-Q, is reported in accordance with the rules of the SEC. Disclosure controls are also designed with the objective of ensuring that such information is accumulated appropriately and communicated to management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

AsDisclosure ofcontrols are procedures that are designed with the ~~end~~objective of ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the ~~period~~Securities ~~covered~~Exchange byAct ~~this~~of ~~report~~1934, weas amended ~~carried~~(Exchange ~~out~~Act), ansuch ~~evaluation~~as this Form 10-K, ~~under~~is reported in accordance with the rules of the ~~supervision~~SEC. ~~and~~Disclosure controls are also designed with the ~~participation~~objective of ~~our~~ensuring ~~management,~~that ~~including~~such ~~our~~information ~~chief executive~~is ~~officer/chief~~accumulated ~~financial~~appropriately ~~officer~~ and ~~our~~communicated ~~controller~~to management, ofincluding the ~~effectiveness~~chief ofexecutive ~~the~~officer ~~design~~ and ~~operation~~chief offinancial ~~our~~officer, ~~disclosure~~as ~~controls~~appropriate, ~~and~~to ~~procedures~~allow ~~pursuant~~for totimely ~~Exchange~~decisions ~~Act~~regarding ~~Rules 13a-15(e) and~~required ~~15d-15(e)~~disclosures.

WeAs ~~have~~of ~~only~~the ~~two~~end ~~members~~ of ~~management~~the ~~involved~~period incovered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision ~~financial~~and ~~reporting~~with ~~process:~~the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s chief executive officer/chief financial officer and the Company’s controller., Asof athe ~~result,~~effectiveness ~~segregation~~ of ~~duties~~the isdesign ~~difficult~~ and ~~therefore,~~operation ~~the~~of ~~internal~~our ~~control~~disclosure ~~environment~~controls isand ~~limited.~~procedures Aspursuant ato ~~result~~Exchange ofAct ~~this~~Rules ~~material~~13a-15(e) ~~weakness,~~and ~~our~~15d-15(e). ~~management~~Based ~~concluded~~on that evaluation, our ~~disclosure~~President ~~controls~~ and ~~procedures~~Chief ~~were~~Executive ~~not~~Officer and ~~effective~~our asChief ofFinancial ~~March 31,~~Officer ~~2008.~~concluded Wethat ~~are~~our ~~taking~~disclosure ~~the~~controls ~~following~~and ~~steps~~procedures ~~that we believe~~ are ~~necessary to~~effective. ~~address the matters related to the material weakness:~~

1.Internal WeControl ~~are~~Over ~~recruiting~~Financial ~~experienced accounting professionals with an emphasis on~~Reporting ~~accounting and financial reporting.~~

2.The WeCompany ~~are~~may ~~utilizing~~not ~~outside~~be ~~consultants~~able ~~with~~to ~~extensive~~complete ~~oil~~its ~~and~~intended ~~gas~~goal of implementing a new accounting software system which would provide enhanced internal controls over financial reporting as well as to ~~experience~~provide for multiple user access, timely access to accounting information and additional data security. Furthermore, the Company may be limited in its ability to attract and/or retain qualified employees and professionals.

3.The Weconsolidated ~~are~~financial ~~providing~~statements ~~extensive~~for ~~training~~the onthree months ended March 31, 2009 were not reviewed by our ~~accounting~~independent ~~software~~auditor ~~system~~due to ~~both~~our ~~new~~financial ~~and established~~inability ~~accounting~~to ~~personnel~~compensate them for their services.

~~However,~~The ~~before~~Company ~~concluding~~continues ~~that~~to ~~the~~seek ~~material~~solutions ~~weakness~~to ~~has~~improve ~~been~~internal ~~remediated,~~control ~~management~~over ~~believes~~financial reporting. ~~that~~However ~~the~~because ~~new~~there ~~internal~~are ~~controls~~currently ~~should~~limited befinancial ~~implemented~~resources, ~~and~~the ~~operational~~Company ~~for~~does anot ~~sufficient~~expect ~~period~~to ofbe ~~time~~able to ~~demonstrate~~take ~~that~~additional ~~the~~steps ~~controls~~to ~~are~~improve ~~operating~~its ~~effectively~~internal control over financial reporting in the near-term.

During the ~~quarter~~three months ended March 31, ~~2008~~2009, there were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

We believe our ~~unaudited~~ consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ~~fairly~~ fairly present in all material respects our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles.

3938

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See note JI to the Company’s unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this Report.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Not applicable.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

See note H to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this report.

The above transactions were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to Section 4(2) thereof because the issuance did not involve a public offering of securities.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

See note G to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this report for material defaults with respect to Penn Octane and its subsidiaries.

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

None.

Item 5. Other Information

~~None~~Penn Octane’s outside independent accountants did not review the included unaudited financial statements as required by Reg. S-X Rule 10-01(d) due to Penn Octane’s nonpayment of fees owed to its accountants. As a result, Penn Octane is no longer eligible to use a registration statement on Form S-3.

Item 6. Exhibits

The following Exhibits are filed as part of this report:

Exhibit No.
	15	Accountant’s Acknowledgment.
	10.1	Letter agreement to extend payments and other requirements pursuant to Note Purchase Agreement dated March 23, 2009 between Rio Vista Penny LLC and TCW Asset Management Company.
	31.1	Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a — 14(a) / 15d — 14(a) of the Exchange Act.
	31.2	Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a — 14(a) / 15d — 14(a) of the Exchange Act.
	32	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes — Oxley Act of 2002.

All of the Exhibits are available from the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, Penn Octane will furnish a copy of any Exhibit upon payment of a fee (based on the estimated actual cost which shall be determined at the time of a request) together with a request addressed to Ian T. Bothwell, Penn Octane Corporation, 77-530 Enfield Lane, Bldg. D, Palm Desert, California 92211.

4139

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following person on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

	PENN OCTANE CORPORATION
May 20, 2008	By:	/s/ Ian T. Bothwell
May 20, 2009	By:	/s/ Ian T. Bothwell
		Ian T. Bothwell
		Acting Chief Executive Officer, Acting President, Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary (Principal Executive, Financial and Accounting Officer)

4240

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.		Description
	15	Accountant’s Acknowledgment.
	10.1	Letter agreement to extend payments and other requirements pursuant to Note Purchase Agreement dated March 23, 2009 between Rio Vista Penny LLC and TCW Asset Management Company.
	31.1	Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a — 14(a) / 15d — 14(a) of the Exchange Act.
	31.2	Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a — 14(a) / 15d — 14(a) of the Exchange Act.
	32	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes — Oxley Act of 2002.

43All of the Exhibits are available from the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, Penn Octane will furnish a copy of any Exhibit upon payment of a fee (based on the estimated actual cost which shall be determined at the time of a request) together with a request addressed to Ian T. Bothwell, Penn Octane Corporation, 77-530 Enfield Lane, Bldg. D, Palm Desert, California 92211.

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Filing Compare · PENN OCTANE CORP