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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

☑	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number:

001-14010

Waters Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		13-3668640
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

34 Maple Street

Milford, Massachusetts 01757

(Address, including zip code, of principal executive offices)

(508) 478-2000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	WAT	New York Stock Exchange, Inc.


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:		None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation

S-T

(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a

non-accelerated

filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in

Rule 12b-2

of the Exchange Act. (Check one):


Large accelerated filer ☑	Accelerated filer ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
			Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☑

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to

§240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in

Rule 12b-2

of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

State the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by

non-aff

~~non-affiliates~~iliat

of the registrant as of June 28, 2025: $20,973,515,517.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of February

~~Indicate the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of February 21, 2025: 59,410,941~~ 1

9, 2026: 98,101,871

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement that will be filed for the ~~2025~~2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference in Part III.

WATERS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

INDEX

Item No.			Page
ItemNo.			Page
		PART I
	1.	Business		1
	1A.	Risk Factors		1416
	1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments		2738
	1C.	Cybersecurity		2838
	2.	Properties		3039
	3.	Legal Proceedings		3140
	4.	Mine Safety Disclosures		3140
		PART II
	5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities		3241
	6.	Reserved		3544
	7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		3544
	7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		4858
	8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data		5161
		Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 238)		5262
	9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure		~~100~~112
	9A.	Controls and Procedures		~~100~~112
	9B.	Other Information		~~100~~112
	9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections		~~100~~112
		PART III
	10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance		~~101~~113
	11.	Executive Compensation		~~102~~114
	12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters		~~103~~115
	13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence		~~103~~115
	14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services		~~103~~115
		PART IV
	15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules		~~104~~116
	16.	Form 10-K Summary		~~107~~121
		Signatures		~~108~~122

PART I

Item 1: Business

General

Waters Corporation (the “Company,” “~~Waters,” “~~we,” “our,” or “us”), a global leader in analytical instruments and software, has pioneered innovations in chromatography, mass spectrometry and thermal analysis serving life, materials and food sciences for more than 65 years. ~~With approximately 7,600 employees worldwide, Waters operates directly in over 35 countries and has products available in more than 100 countries.~~ The Company primarily designs, manufactures, sells and services high-performance liquid chromatography (“HPLC”), ultra-performance liquid chromatography (“UPLC” and together with HPLC, referred to as “LC”) and mass spectrometry (“MS”) technology systems and support products, including chromatography columns, other consumable products and comprehensive post-warranty service plans. These systems are complementary products that are frequently employed together (“LC-MS”) and sold as integrated instrument systems using common software platforms. In addition, the Company designs, manufactures, sells and services thermal analysis, rheometry and calorimetry instruments through its TA InstrumentsTM (“TA”) product line. The Company is also a developer and supplier of advanced software-based products that interface with the Company’s instruments, as well as other manufacturers’ instruments.

The Company’s products are used by pharmaceutical, clinical, biochemical, industrial, nutritional safety, environmental, academic and governmental customers working in research and development, quality assurance and other laboratory applications. LC is a standard technique and is utilized in a broad range of industries to detect, identify, monitor and measure the chemical, physical and biological composition of materials, and to purify a full range of compounds. MS technology, principally in conjunction with chromatography, is employed in drug discovery and development, including clinical trial testing, the analysis of proteins in disease processes (known as “proteomics”), nutritional safety analysis and environmental testing. LC-MS instruments combine a liquid phase sample introduction and separation system with mass spectrometric compound identification and quantification. ~~The~~In addition, the Company’s designs, manufactures, sells and services thermal analysis, rheometry and calorimetry instruments through its TA Instruments (“TA”) product line. These instruments are used in predicting the suitability and stability of fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, water, polymers, metals and viscous liquids for various industrial, consumer goods and healthcare products, as well as for life science research. The Company is also a developer and supplier of advanced software-based products that interface with the Company’s instruments, as well as other manufacturers’ instruments.

Waters Corporation, organized as a Delaware corporation in 1991, is a holding company that owns all of the outstanding common stock of Waters Technologies Corporation, its operating subsidiary. Waters Corporation became a publicly traded company with its initial public offering (“IPO”) in November 1995. Since the IPO, the Company has added ~~three~~four significant and complementary technologies to its range of products with the acquisitions of TA Instruments in May 1996, Micromass Limited in September 1997, ~~and~~ Wyatt Technology in May 2023 and the BDS Business (as defined below) in February 2026.

~~Business~~Acquisition ~~Segments~~of BD Biosciences & Diagnostic Solutions Businesses

~~The~~On ~~Company’s~~February 9, ~~business activities~~2026, ~~for~~the ~~which~~Company ~~discrete~~completed ~~financial~~the ~~information~~acquisition is(the ~~available,~~“BDS ~~are~~Business ~~regularly~~Acquisition”) ~~reviewed~~of ~~and evaluated by~~ the ~~chief~~Biosciences ~~operating~~and ~~decision~~Diagnostic ~~maker.~~Solutions Asbusinesses a(the ~~result~~“BDS Business”) of ~~this evaluation~~Becton, ~~the~~Dickinson and Company ~~determined~~(“BD”), ~~that~~for ita ~~has~~total ~~two~~purchase ~~operating~~price, ~~segments:~~including ~~Waters~~assumed ~~and~~debt, TAof $16.8 billion. ~~The~~This ~~Waters~~transformative ~~operating~~combination ~~segment~~establishes isan ~~primarily~~innovative global leader in ~~the~~life ~~business~~sciences ofand ~~designing~~diagnostics, ~~manufacturing~~enhancing the Company’s scale, ~~selling~~broadening its capabilities and ~~servicing~~expanding LCits ~~and~~presence MSacross ~~instrument~~attractive ~~systems,~~end ~~columns~~markets. ~~and~~Following ~~other~~the ~~precision~~BDS ~~chemistry~~Business ~~consumables~~Acquisition, ~~that~~the ~~can~~Company benow ~~integrated~~offers products for the safe collection and ~~used~~transport ~~along~~of ~~with~~diagnostics ~~other~~specimens, ~~analytical~~and instruments. ~~The~~and TAreagent ~~operating~~systems ~~segment~~to isdetect ~~primarily~~a inbroad ~~the~~range ~~business~~ of ~~designing,~~infectious ~~manufacturing~~diseases, ~~selling~~healthcare-associated infections and ~~servicing~~cancers ~~thermal~~through ~~analysis~~BD’s former Life Sciences business segment, ~~rheometry~~as ~~and~~well ~~calorimetry~~as ~~instruments.~~immunology ~~The~~and ~~Company’s~~cancer ~~two~~research ~~operating~~solutions ~~segments~~and ~~have~~related ~~similar~~clinical ~~economic~~diagnostics, ~~characteristics;~~including ~~product~~flow ~~processes;~~cytometry ~~products~~instruments and ~~services;~~reagents, ~~types~~ and ~~classes~~innovative ofmultiomics ~~customers;~~tools ~~methods~~through ofBD’s ~~distribution;~~former Biosciences and ~~regulatory~~Diagnostic ~~environments~~Solutions business units. ~~Because~~Following the closing of ~~these~~the ~~similarities~~BDS Business Acquisition, the ~~two~~Company ~~segments~~has ~~have~~reorganized ~~been~~the ~~aggregated~~existing ~~into~~and ~~one~~new ~~reporting~~divisions ~~segment~~into ~~for~~the ~~financial~~following ~~statement~~four ~~purposes.~~segments: ~~Operations~~Waters ofAnalytical ~~the~~Sciences, ~~Wyatt~~Waters ~~business~~Biosciences, ~~are~~Waters ~~part~~Advanced ofDiagnostics ~~the~~and Waters ~~operating~~Materials ~~segment~~Sciences.

~~Information~~The ~~concerning~~transaction ~~revenues~~was ~~and~~structured ~~long-lived~~as ~~assets~~a ~~attributable~~Reverse toMorris ~~each~~Trust ~~of the Company’s products, services and geographic areas is set forth in Note 17 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated herein by reference~~transaction.

Pursuant to the BDS Business Acquisition:

(i)

BD transferred all of the rights, titles and interests to and under certain assets and liabilities relating to the BDS Business to Augusta SpinCo Corporation (“SpinCo”), a subsidiary of BD incorporated in connection with the transaction (the “Spin-Off”);

(ii)

BD distributed to its shareholders all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of SpinCo (“SpinCo Common Stock”) held by BD by way of a pro rata distribution (the “Distribution”); and

(iii)

following the Distribution, a subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub”) was merged with and into SpinCo, with SpinCo as the surviving entity (the “Merger”), and all SpinCo Common Stock was converted into the right to receive 38,541,852 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Company (“Company Common Stock”).

As a result of the BDS Business Acquisition, SpinCo became a wholly owned subsidiary of Waters. Upon closing of the BDS Business Acquisition, BD’s shareholders owned approximately 39.2% of the combined company and existing shareholders of the Company owned approximately 60.8% of the combined company.

In connection with the BDS Business Acquisition, BD received a cash distribution of approximately $4.0 billion from SpinCo prior to the completion of the transaction (the “SpinCo Cash Distribution”). To fund the SpinCo Cash Distribution, SpinCo incurred approximately $4.0 billion of new indebtedness substantially concurrently with the completion of the transaction, which indebtedness was assumed by Waters as a result of the transaction.

Business Segments

The Company’s business activities, for which discrete financial information is available, are regularly reviewed and evaluated by the chief operating decision maker. Based on the evaluation of the Company’s business as conducted in 2025, the Company determined that it has two operating segments: Waters and TA. The Waters operating segment is primarily in the business of designing, manufacturing, selling and servicing LC and MS instrument systems, columns and other precision chemistry consumables that can be integrated and used along with other analytical instruments. The TA operating segment is primarily in the business of designing, manufacturing, selling and servicing thermal analysis, rheometry and calorimetry instruments. The Company’s two operating segments have similar economic characteristics: product processes, products and services, types and classes of customers, methods of distribution, and regulatory environments. Because of these similarities, the two segments have been aggregated into one reporting segment for financial statement purposes. Operations of the Wyatt business are part of the Waters operating segment.

Following the closing of the BDS Business Acquisition in February 2026, the Company has reorganized the existing and new business units into the following four segments: Waters Analytical Sciences, Waters Biosciences, Waters Advanced Diagnostics and Waters Materials Sciences. The Company will evaluate its business activities as currently organized to determine its operating segments and reporting segments for future reporting periods.

Information concerning revenues and long-lived assets attributable to each of the Company’s products, services and geographic areas is set forth in Note 17 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Waters Products and Markets

High-Performance and Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography

HPLC is a standard technique used to identify and analyze the constituent components of a variety of chemicals and other materials. The Company believes that HPLC’s performance capabilities enable it to separate, identify and quantify a high proportion of all known chemicals. As a result, HPLC is used to analyze substances in a wide variety of industries for research and development purposes, quality control and process engineering applications.

and quantify a high proportion of all known chemicals. As a result, HPLC is used to analyze substances in a wide variety of industries for research and development purposes, quality control and process engineering applications.

The most significant end-use markets for HPLC are those served by the pharmaceutical and life science industries. In these markets, HPLC is used extensively to understand diseases, identify new drugs, develop manufacturing methods and assure the potency and purity of new pharmaceuticals. HPLC is also used in a variety of other applications, such as analyses of foods and beverages for nutritional labeling and compliance with safety regulations and the testing of water and air purity within the environmental testing industry, as well as applications in other industries, such as chemical and consumer products. Waters also has in-vitro diagnostic labelled products that are used as general-purpose instruments for clinical diagnostic applications, such as newborn screening and therapeutic drug management, in countries where these products are registered. HPLC is also used by universities, research institutions and governmental agencies, such as the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) and their foreign counterparts that mandate safety and efficacy testing.

In 2004, Waters introduced a novel technology that the Company describes as ultra-performance liquid chromatography that utilizes a packing material with small, uniform diameter particles and a specialized instrument, the ACQUITY^TM UPLC^TM System, to accommodate the increased pressure and narrower chromatographic bands that are generated by these small and tightly packed particles. By using the ACQUITY UPLC System, researchers and analysts are able to achieve more comprehensive chemical separations and faster analysis times in comparison with many analyses previously performed by HPLC. In addition, in using the ACQUITY UPLC System, researchers have the potential to extend the range of applications beyond that of HPLC, enabling them to uncover more levels of scientific information. While offering significant performance advantages, the ACQUITY UPLC System is also compatible with the Company’s software products and the general operating protocols of HPLC. For these reasons, the Company’s customers and field sales and support organizations are well positioned to utilize this innovative technology and instrument.

Waters manufactures LC instruments that are offered in configurations that allow for varying degrees of automation, from component configured systems for academic teaching and research applications to fully automated systems for regulated and high sample throughput testing, and that have a variety of detection technologies, from optical-based ultra-violet absorbance, refractive index and fluorescence detectors to a suite of MS-based detectors, optimized for certain analyses.

During the second half of 2023, Waters introduced the DynaPro^TM ZetaStar^TM instrument through its Wyatt Technology^TM portfolio for nanoparticle analysis. The new instrument simultaneously enables dynamic and static light scattering and dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering measurements, all in one device. By combining multiple light scattering techniques and automatically assessing data quality and performing adaptive data capture, the ZetaStar instrument delivers both increased sensitivity and faster measurements to aid the precise development of complex biologics, using extremely low sample volumes.

In 2024, the Company introduced HPLC CONNECT software, an all-in-one software platform that enables full digital synchronization between Waters high- and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC/UPLC) systems and multi-angle light-scattering instruments (MALS) from its Wyatt Technology™ portfolio. The software delivers ease-of-use, greater efficiency, and higher confidence for scientists performing size exclusion chromatography and MALS (SEC-MALS) analyses for complex and critical biopharmaceutical innovations, including antibody drug conjugates, other complex protein conjugates, and gene therapies. In 2025, Waters integrated the MALS instruments with its Empower Software for improved Biologics quality control and simplified regulatory compliance. Also, in 2025 Waters acquired Halo Labs an innovator of specialized imaging technologies to detect, identify, and count interfering materials (particles) in therapeutic products, such as cell, protein and gene therapies. The addition of the Halo Labs product portfolio compliments and expands our particle analysis capabilities beyond what can be achieved with Wyatt’s multi-angle light scattering technology alone.

The primary consumable products for LC instruments are chromatography columns. These columns are packed with separation media used in the LC testing process and are typically replaced at regular intervals. The chromatography column contains one of several types of packing material, typically stationary phase particles made from silica or polymeric resins. As a pressurized sample is introduced to the column inlet and permeates through the packed column, it is separated into its constituent components.

The Company’s precision chemistry consumable products also include environmental and nutritional safety testing products, including Certified Reference Materials and Proficiency Testing products. Laboratories around the world and across multiple industries use these products for quality control and proficiency testing and purchase product support services required to help with their federal and state mandated accreditation requirements or with quality control over critical pharmaceutical analysis.

Waters HPLC columns can be used on Waters-branded and competitors’ LC systems. The Company believes that it is one of a few suppliers in the world that manufactures silica and polymeric resins, packs columns and distributes its own products. In doing so, the Company believes it can better ensure product consistency, a key attribute for its customers in quality control laboratories and can react quickly to new customer requirements. The Company believes that its ACQUITY UPLC Columns are used primarily on its ACQUITY UPLC Systems and, furthermore, that its ACQUITY UPLC Systems primarily use ACQUITY UPLC Columns.

In 2023, the Company introduced the first in a new line of size exclusion chromatography columns aimed at improving analysis while lowering the cost of gene therapies, specifically adeno-associated viral (“AAV”) vectors. The new Waters XBridge^TM Premier GTx BEH^TM size exclusion chromatography columns double the speed of measuring the potency and safety of AAVs. Combining the columns with light scattering technologies from its Wyatt Technology portfolio deepens the level of information acquired from a single experiment and optimizes the manufacturing of these novel gene delivery vehicles.

The Company also introduced the AllianceTM iS HPLC System, the next-generation intelligent HPLC System, designed to reduce compliance risk by adding new levels of proactive error detection, troubleshooting and ease-of-use. When combined with Waters compliance-ready EmpowerTM Chromatography Software and eConnectTM HPLC Columns, the Alliance iS HPLC System streamlines the task of making accurate and precise measurements by detecting and eliminating common errors. In doing so, the Alliance iS HPLC System helps quality control laboratories to consistently meet quality, safety, compliance and on-time product delivery goals. This system also integrates with the cloud-native waters_connectTM System Monitoring Software enabling real-time monitoring of the Alliance iS HPLC System and any other chromatography instruments controlled by Empower Software. Laboratory managers can view the live status of their HPLC instrument fleet from anywhere and at any time to further improve equipment utilization and overall productivity. In addition, Waters introduced the new bioprocess walk-up solutions designed to further simplify biologic sample preparation and analysis. This solution eliminated the need to send bioreactor samples to a central laboratory for analysis making it even easier to accelerate upstream bioprocess development by up to six weeks over traditional methods. In 2025 Waters expanded the Alliance iS to include the Alliance iS Bio HPLC which includes photodiode array detector that enhance spectral insights for biopharma & quality control customers when combined our MaxPeak Premier columns and Waters enhanced the Alliance iS system software to include a smart HPLC authenticated user access verification touchscreen for superior security.

In 2024, Waters introduced the new Oasis WAX/GCB and GCB/WAX for PFAS Analysis Cartridges with new design features that significantly streamline and expedite sample preparation and analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (“PFAS”). To help ensure accuracy and further confidence in test results, Oasis WAX/GCB and GCB/WAX Cartridges are QC-tested by an accredited laboratory for low residual PFAS, to reduce or eliminate any time spent troubleshooting potential assay contamination. The Company also introduced the Alliance iS Bio HPLC System with new capabilities that address the operational and analytical challenges of biopharma quality control laboratories. The new HPLC system combines advanced bio-separation technology and built-in instrument intelligence features and is designed to help biopharma QC analysts boost efficiency and eliminate up to 40% of common errors, saving time lost by investigating the source of failed runs and out-of-specification results. In addition, Waters introduced the new GTxResolve Premier Size Exclusion Chromatography 1000Å 3-micron (3 µm) Columns. Waters has implemented a unique combination of novel packing materials and MaxPeakPremier High-Performance Surface technology into the columns to help scientists accelerate the development of gene-based therapeutics, including cell & gene, mRNA and lipid nanoparticles.

and built-in instrument intelligence features and is designed to help biopharma QC analysts boost efficiency and eliminate up to 40% of common errors, saving time lost by investigating the source of failed runs and out-of-specification results. In addition, Waters introduced the new GTxResolve Premier Size Exclusion Chromatography 1000Å 3-micron (3 µm) Columns. Waters has implemented a unique combination of novel packing materials and MaxPeakPremier High-Performance Surface technology into the columns to help scientists accelerate the development of gene-based therapeutics, including cell & gene, mRNA and lipid nanoparticles.

In 2025, the Company introduced the BioResolve^™ Protein A Affinity Columns with MaxPeak^™ Premier Technology, providing precise titer measurements. This launch marks the first set of affinity chromatography columns that Waters has brought to market, in a groundbreaking move as the Company continues to release new products that solve unmet needs in large molecule separations. The new columns enable earlier access to results in upstream bioprocessing, faster method optimization in downstream development for biologics, and a new level of agility in the discovery, optimization, and manufacturing of antibody-based drug products. The BioResolve Protein A Affinity Columns have been designed to provide up to 7x improvements in sensitivity compared to the market leader. The novel, non-porous 3.5 µm particles allow accurate quantitation of antibody titers at lower concentrations and with less sample. In addition, the columns have been designed to couple with size exclusion chromatography columns to measure titer concentrations and aggregate analysis in a single run on any LC system.

Additionally in 2025, Waters launched the Charged Aerosol Detector which was specifically designed for use with Waters Empower Software, the world’s most trusted chromatography data system. The Charged Aerosol Detector delivers sensitive, consistent, and reproducible measurements of analytes with little or no UV absorption, including sugars, lipids, impurities and excipients, often without the need for sample pre-treatment and is ideal for characterizing materials from small molecules and biopharmaceutical formulations to food additives, nutrients and environmental pollutants.

Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

MS is a powerful analytical technology that is used to identify unknown compounds, to quantify known materials and to elucidate the structural and chemical properties of molecules by measuring the masses of molecules that have been converted into ions.

The Company is a technology and market leader in the development, manufacture, sale and service of MS instruments and components. These instruments are typically integrated and used along with other complementary analytical instruments and systems, such as LC, chemical electrophoresis and gas chromatography. A wide variety of instrumental designs fall within the overall category of MS instrumentation, including devices that incorporate quadrupole, ion trap, time-of-flight (“Tof”), magnetic sector and ion mobility technologies. Furthermore, these technologies are often used in tandem to maximize the speed and/or efficacy of certain experiments.

Currently, the Company offers a wide range of MS instrument systems utilizing various combinations of quadrupole, Tof and ion mobility designs. These instrument systems are used in drug discovery and development, as well as for environmental, clinical and nutritional safety testing. The overwhelming majority of mass spectrometers sold by the Company are designed to utilize an LC system and a liquid compatible interface (such as an electrospray ionization source) as the sample introduction device. These products supply a diverse market with a strong emphasis on the pharmaceutical, biomedical, clinical, food and beverage and environmental market segments worldwide.

MS is an increasingly important detection technology for LC. The Company’s smaller-sized mass spectrometers, such as the single quadrupole detector and the tandem quadrupole detector (“TQD”), are often referred to as LC “detectors” and are typically sold as part of an LC system or as an LC system upgrade. Larger quadrupole systems, such as the XevoTM TQ MS System and Xevo TQ-S MS System, are used primarily for experiments performed for late-stage drug development, including clinical trial testing. Quadrupole time-of-flight (“Q-Tof”) instruments, such as the Company’s SYNAPTTM G2-S HDMS System, are often used to analyze the role of proteins in disease processes, an application sometimes referred to as “proteomics.”

experiments performed for late-stage drug development, including clinical trial testing. Quadrupole time-of-flight (“Q-Tof”) instruments, such as the Company’s SYNAPT^TM G2-S HDMS System, are often used to analyze the role of proteins in disease processes, an application sometimes referred to as “proteomics.”

LC and MS are typically embodied within an analytical system tailored for either a dedicated class of analyses or as a general-purpose analytical device. An increasing percentage of the Company’s customers are purchasing LC and MS components simultaneously and it has become common for LC and MS instrumentation to be used within the same laboratory and operated by the same user. The descriptions of LC and MS above reflect the historical segmentation of these analytical technologies and the historical categorization of their respective practitioners. Increasingly in today’s instrument market, this segmentation and categorization is becoming obsolete as a high percentage of instruments used in the laboratory embody both LC and MS technologies as part of a single device. In response to this development and to further promote the high utilization of these hybrid instruments, the Company has organized its Waters operating segment to develop, manufacture, sell and service integrated LC-MS systems.

InBased ~~2022,~~upon ~~the~~2024 ~~Company~~reports ~~introduced~~from ~~the~~independent ~~Xevo~~marketing TQresearch ~~Absolute~~firms ~~System, the most sensitive~~ and ~~compact~~publicly ~~benchtop~~disclosed ~~tandem~~sales ~~mass~~figures ~~spec~~from incompetitors, ~~its~~the ~~class. The~~ Company ~~introduced~~believes ~~the~~that ~~new~~it ~~Xevo~~is G3one ~~Q-Tof~~of ~~Mass~~the ~~Spectrometer~~world’s ~~with~~largest ~~CONFIRM~~manufacturers ~~Sequence,~~and adistributors ~~new~~of ~~oligonucleotide~~LC ~~sequencing~~and ~~confirmation~~LC-MS ~~app~~instrument ~~for~~systems, ~~the~~chromatography ~~waters_connect~~columns ~~Software platform~~ and another ~~electrospray~~consumables ~~ionization~~and ~~source~~related ~~for the high-resolution SELECT SERIES MRT Mass Spectrometer~~services.

Based upon 2024, reports from independent marketing research firms and publicly disclosed sales figures from competitors, the Company believes that it is one of the world’s largest manufacturers and distributors of LC and LC-MS instrument systems, chromatography columns and other consumables and related services.

The Company has been a developer and supplier of software-based products that interface with both the Company’s and other suppliers’ instruments. The Company’s newest software technology for mass spectrometry is the waters_connect Software platform.

In 2022, the Company introduced a new PFAS quantitation workflow enabled by enhancements to its waters_connect Software for quantitation software and the Company introduced Extraction+ TM Connected Device, a new software-controlled product for the Waters Andrew+TM Pipetting Robot that automates the preparation of biological, food, forensics and environmental samples by solid phase extraction.

In 2023, the Company introduced the next generation Xevo TQ Absolute IVD Mass Spectrometer, expanding its family of MassTrak^TM IVD LC-MS/MS Systems for clinical diagnostic applications. The powerful analytical performance of the Xevo TQ Absolute IVD Mass Spectrometer is up to five times more sensitive for quantifying clinical analytes. This sensitivity enables clinical laboratories to detect and measure trace level analytes within a sample at lower detection levels than previously possible. It can also extend the testing capabilities of the clinical laboratory to include lower volume samples obtained in less-invasive assays such as saliva, breath, dried blood spots and multiplex panels and large molecules. The new MassTrak LC-MS/MS IVD System includes the ACQUITY UPLC I-Class PLUS System with the Xevo TQ Absolute IVD Mass Spectrometer. The ACQUITY UPLC I-Class PLUS System is designed to deliver rapid and accurate sample analysis to enhance the sensitivity of any mass spectrometer and simplify the characterization of the most complex sample. The Xevo TQ Absolute IVD System provides more consistent instrument-to-instrument performance, with a user-friendly design that maximizes service uptime. Its innovative design is also 45% smaller and uses 50% less nitrogen gas and electricity than comparable tandem quadrupole-mass spectrometry systems, making it ideal for hospital labs and independent commercial labs with both sustainability and business growth goals to meet.

In addition, in 2023, the Company introduced the industry’s first targeted imaging mass spectrometer based on its Xevo TQ Absolute Tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer which is the most sensitive and compact mass spectrometer in its class. The new instrument combines the Waters DESI XS source with the Xevo TQ Absolute System and is five times more sensitive and five times faster than discovery-based imaging systems at precisely determining whether a particular small molecule drug product, and how much of it, reaches its intended target, such as a brain, liver or lung, in a test subject. Further, the Company announced new updates to its SELECT SERIES MRT System that increases its specificity and utility for UPLC-MS/MS metabolomics and drug discovery applications and for mass spectrometry imaging experiments. The MRT System now offers 50% higher resolution, making it capable of 300,000 FWHM resolution, a 3X faster scan rate and parts-per-billion mass accuracy. These MRT System enhancements are designed to help research scientists unambiguously identify analytes of interest in samples of blood, urine and tissue, contributing to a greater understanding of molecules and their mechanisms of action in numerous scientific fields. It is compatible with numerous MS imaging sources including DESI and MALDI, and generates crystal-clear, high-resolution images without compromising mass spectral resolution or accuracy. Lastly, in 2023, the Company combined its BioAccord LC-MS System and the Waters Andrew+ Pipetting Robot, connecting via new protocols in OneLabTM Software to create fully integrated and easy-to-use bioprocess walk-up solutions. It is designed to enable less experienced LC-MS users to acquire critical quality attribute data for analysis of drug product and cell culture media. Capturing data directly at the bioproduction laboratory can help bioprocess engineers improve process understanding, leading to more robust manufacturing processes and accelerated development timelines.

~~Waters~~6 ~~Service~~

compromising mass spectral resolution or accuracy. Lastly, in 2023, the Company combined its BioAccord LC-MS System and the Waters Andrew+ Pipetting Robot, connecting via new protocols in OneLab^TMSoftware to create fully integrated and easy-to-use bioprocess walk-up solutions. It is designed to enable less experienced LC-MS users to acquire critical quality attribute data for analysis of drug product and cell culture media. Capturing data directly at the bioproduction laboratory can help bioprocess engineers improve process understanding, leading to more robust manufacturing processes and accelerated development timelines.

Also in 2025, the Company introduced the Xevo TQ Absolute XR Mass Spectrometer, the Company’s most sensitive, robust, and reliable benchtop tandem quadrupole. Notably, the product exceeds the performance capabilities of the Xevo TQ Absolute, which itself set the benchmark in the industry for tandem quadrupole sensitivity, particularly in areas such as pharmaceutical quantitation and PFAS detection. Tailored for high-throughput applications in pharmaceutical companies, contract testing organizations, and government laboratories, the new system is designed to deliver exceptional performance for the most sensitive trace-level analyses in complex matrices, while maximizing system uptime and efficiency. The Xevo TQ Absolute XR Mass Spectrometer offers significant operational efficiencies. It uses up to 50% less power and nitrogen gas, produces 50% less heat than any other high-performing tandem or triple quadrupole on the market, and takes up to 50% less bench space, making it the ideal system for laboratories striving to reduce their environmental footprint without compromising throughput or performance.

In 2025, the Company introduced the Waters Xevo Charge Detection Mass Spectrometer (“CDMS”), delivering unmatched measurement and characterization for the broadest range of mega-mass biomolecules central to next-generation therapeutics and structural biology. The Waters Xevo CDMS provides confident analysis of new modalities, like empty, partial and full viral vector capsids, using up to 100-fold less sample volume than that required by current techniques, and delivering results in less than ten minutes, even at concentrations as low as 1010 vp/mL. This new capability paves the way for real-time characterization of gene therapies during process development — ultimately improving the safety and efficacy of advanced therapies. Additionally, CDMS absolves the need for deconvolution or digestion approaches to achieve simple and accurate analysis of complex molecules.

Waters Services

Services provided by Waters enable customers to maximize technology productivity, support customer compliance activities and provide transparency into enterprise resource management efficiencies. The customer benefits from improved budget control, data-driven technology adoption and accelerated workflow at a site or on a global perspective. The Company considers its service offerings to be highly differentiated from its competition, as evidenced by a consistent increase in annual service revenues. The Company’s principal competitors in the service market include Revvity, Inc., Agilent Technologies, Inc. and Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. These competitors can provide certain services on Waters instruments to varying degrees and always present competitive risk.

5The servicing and support of instruments, software and accessories is an important source of revenue and represented over 35% of sales for Waters in 2025. These revenues are derived primarily through the sale of support plans, demand services, spare parts, customer performance validation services and customer training. Support plans typically involve scheduled instrument maintenance and an agreement to promptly repair a non-functioning instrument in return for a fee described in a contract that is priced according to the configuration of the instrument.

~~The~~ dashboard ~~servicing~~views ~~and support~~ of ~~instruments,~~the ~~software~~operational ~~and~~status ~~accessories is an important source~~ of ~~revenue~~chromatography ~~and~~instruments. ~~represented~~The ~~over~~cloud-native ~~35%~~application ofalso ~~sales~~helps ~~for~~lab ~~Waters~~managers inutilize ~~2024.~~capital ~~These~~resources ~~revenues~~better ~~are~~by ~~derived~~providing ~~primarily~~an ~~through~~understanding ~~the sale~~ of ~~support~~instrument ~~plans,~~history ~~demand services, spare parts, customer performance validation services~~ and ~~customer~~usage ~~training.~~levels ~~Support plans typically involve scheduled instrument maintenance~~ and animprove ~~agreement to promptly repair a non-functioning instrument in return for a fee described in a contract that is priced according to~~ the ~~configuration~~productivity of ~~the~~their ~~instrument~~teams.

The waters_connect System Monitoring is a new Software-as-a-Service application that enables laboratory managers and analysts to monitor the real-time status of any chromatography instruments, regardless of the manufacturer, running on Waters Empower Software. The waters_connect System Monitoring application was developed especially for high-volume quality assurance/quality control laboratories. It can reduce the turnaround time of product release samples and facilitate the planning and progress of critical analyses via live, at-a-glance dashboard views of the operational status of chromatography instruments. The cloud-native application also helps lab managers utilize capital resources better by providing an understanding of instrument history and usage levels and improve the productivity of their teams.

TA Products and Markets

Thermal Analysis, Rheometry and Calorimetry

Thermal analysis measures the physical or thermodynamic characteristics of materials as a function of temperature. Changes in temperature affect several characteristics of materials, such as their heat flow characteristics, physical state, weight, dimension and mechanical and electrical properties, which may be measured by one or more thermal analysis techniques, including calorimetry. Consequently, thermal analysis techniques are widely used in the development, production and characterization of materials in various industries, such as plastics, chemicals, automobiles, pharmaceuticals and electronics.

Rheometry instruments often complement thermal analyzers in characterizing materials. Rheometry characterizes the flow properties of materials and measures their viscosity, elasticity and deformation under different types of “loading” or other conditions. The information obtained under such conditions provides insight into a material’s behavior during processing, packaging, transport, usage and storage.

Thermal analysis, rheometry and calorimetry instruments are heavily used in material testing laboratories and, in many cases, provide information useful in predicting the suitability and stability of industrial polymers, fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, water, metals and viscous liquids in various industrial, consumer goods and healthcare products, as well as for life science research. As with systems offered by Waters, a range of instrument configurations is available with increasing levels of sample handling and information processing automation. In addition, systems and accompanying software packages can be tailored for specific applications.

In 2022, TA introduced the Powder Rheology Accessory, which enables our Discovery Hybrid Rheometers to characterize the behavior of powders during storage, dispensing, processing and end-use. The Powder Rheology Accessory provides relevant property and processing measurements for battery electrode coatings to prevent defects that cause cell failure and pharmaceutical tablets to prevent instabilities of API blends.

Also in 2022, TA introduced Polymer Workflow Guided Methods, which provides walk up and use functionality by codifying polymer workflows. Guided Methods leverages the power of TRIOS AutoPilot Software and enables novice users to quickly learn and use the instrument to set up test methods, run tests, and execute analyses across our Thermal Analysis and Rheology product lines.

In 2023, TA introduced a new Battery Cycler Microcalorimeter Solution for high-resolution characterization of battery cells. The instrument and software combination enables non-destructive testing under real-world operating conditions and significantly reduces experiment time from months to weeks, while providing decisive insights for greater battery efficiency, safety and stability.

In 2024, TA introduced the following new instrument systems:

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Rheo-IS accessory for our Discovery Hybrid Rheometers. This new accessory for its Discovery Hybrid Rheometers is designed to enable simultaneous electrical impedance and rheological measurements, a critical capability for scientists working on new battery formulations.

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Rapid Screening-Differential Scanning Calorimeter (“RS-DSC”), designed for biopharmaceutical developers. The RS-DSC is a high-throughput DSC for precise thermal stability testing of high-concentration biologic formulations specifically for antibody drugs and engineered proteins.

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TA introduced the Discovery Core Rheometer, a streamlined, modern rheometer designed for routine manufacturing quality control and assurance laboratories. The new analyzer can handle multiple material types such as battery slurries, printing inks, food, and personal care products and it features an easy-to-use touchscreen interface with self-guided training, methods, and applications for all levels of rheology users.

In 2025, TA introduced the ElectroForce^™ Apex 1 Mechanical Testing Instrument, specially designed for increased versatility, speed, and ease of use to support precise tensile and fatigue testing of high performance and lightweight polymers and composites. The ElectroForce Apex 1 Instrument’s motor stroke range is at least 43% greater than the competition, providing laboratories and manufacturers the versatility to perform monotonic and fatigue testing across a greater variety of materials. The increased motor stroke range also speeds testing by up to 30%, which can reduce costs early in development by helping users to identify and eliminate weaknesses in material selection and design, before the validation or post-launch phase.

TA Service

Similar to Waters, the servicing and support of TA’s instruments is an important source of revenue and represented more than 25% of sales for TA in ~~2024~~2025. TA operates independently from the Waters operating segment, though many of its overseas offices are jointly occupied with Waters to achieve operational efficiencies. TA has dedicated field sales and service operations. Service sales are primarily derived from the sale of support plans, replacement parts and billed labor fees associated with the repair, maintenance and upgrade of installed systems.

Global Customers

The Company typically has a broad and diversified customer base that includes pharmaceutical accounts, other industrial accounts, universities and governmental agencies. Purchase of the Company’s instrument systems is often dependent on its customers’ capital spending, or funding as in the cases of academic, governmental and research institutions, which often fluctuate from year to year. The pharmaceutical segment represents the Company’s largest sector and includes multinational pharmaceutical companies, generic drug manufacturers, contract research organizations (“CROs”) and biotechnology companies. The Company’s other industrial customers include chemical manufacturers, polymer manufacturers, food and beverage companies and environmental testing laboratories. The Company also sells to universities and governmental agencies worldwide. The Company’s technical sales and support staff members work closely with its customers in developing and implementing applications that meet their full range of analytical requirements. During ~~2024~~2025, 5859% of the Company’s net sales were to pharmaceutical accounts, 3130% to other industrial accounts and 11% to academic institutions and governmental agencies. Although the Company transacts business with various government agencies, for fiscal year 2025, no government contract iswas of such magnitude that a renegotiation of profits or termination of the contract at the election of the government agency would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial results.

The Company typically experiences seasonality in its orders that is reflected as an increase in sales in the fourth quarter, as a result of purchasing habits for capital goods of many customers who tend to exhaust their spending budgets by calendar year-end. The Company does not rely on any single customer for a material portion of its sales. During fiscal years ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, no single customer accounted for more than 2% of the Company’s net sales.

Sales and Service

The Company has one of the largest direct sales and service organizations focused exclusively on the analytical workflows offered by the Company. Across these product technologies, using respective specialized sales and service workforces, the Company serves its customer base with 7982 sales offices throughout the world as of December 31, 2025 and approximately 4,300, 4,200 and 4,300 field representatives in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. This investment in sales and service personnel serves to maintain and expand the Company’s installed base of instruments. The Company’s sales representatives have direct responsibility for account relationships, while service representatives work in the field to install instruments, train customers and minimize instrument downtime. In-house and field-based technical support representatives work directly with customers, providing them assistance with applications and procedures on Company products. The Company provides customers with comprehensive information through various corporate and geographic-specific internet websites and product literature and also makes consumable products available through electronic ordering facilities and a dedicated catalog.

December 31, 2024 and approximately 4,200, 4,300 and 4,500 field representatives in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. This investment in sales and service personnel serves to maintain and expand the Company’s installed base of instruments. The Company’s sales representatives have direct responsibility for account relationships, while service representatives work in the field to install instruments, train customers and minimize instrument downtime. In-house and field-based technical support representatives work directly with customers, providing them assistance with applications and procedures on Company products. The Company provides customers with comprehensive information through various corporate and geographic-specific internet websites and product literature and also makes consumable products available through electronic ordering facilities and a dedicated catalog.

Manufacturing and Distribution

The Company provides high product quality by overseeing each stage of the production of its instruments, columns and chemical reagents.

The Company currently assembles a portion of its LC instruments at its facility in Milford, Massachusetts, where it performs machining, assembly and testing. The Milford facility maintains quality management and environmental management systems in accordance with the requirements of ISO 9001:2015, ISO 13485:2016, ISO 45001:2018 and ISO 14001:2015, and adheres to applicable regulatory requirements (including the FDA Quality System Regulation and the European In-Vitro Diagnostic Directive). The Company outsources manufacturing of certain electronic components, such as computers, monitors and circuit boards, to outside vendors that meet the Company’s quality requirements. In addition, the Company outsources the manufacturing of certain LC instrument systems and components to well-established contract manufacturing firms in Singapore. The Company’s Singapore entity is ISO 9001:2015 certified and manages all Asian outsourced manufacturing as well as the distribution of all products from Asia. The Company may pursue outsourcing opportunities as they arise but believes it maintains adequate supply chain and manufacturing capabilities in the event of disruption or natural disasters.

The Company primarily manufactures and distributes its LC columns at its facilities in Taunton, Massachusetts and Wexford, Ireland. In February 2024, the Company completed an expansion of its Taunton manufacturing facility, incurring costs of approximately $251 million in connection with the expansion between 2018 and 2024. The Taunton facility processes, sizes and treats silica and polymeric media that are packed into columns, solid phase extraction cartridges and bulk shipping containers in both Taunton and Wexford. The Wexford facility also manufactures and distributes certain data, instruments and software components for the Company’s LC, MS and TA product lines. The Company’s Taunton facility is certified to ISO 9001:2015 and ISO 14001:2015. The Wexford facility is certified to ISO 9001:2015, ISO 13485:2016/EN ISO 13485:2016 and ISO 14001:2015. VICAM manufactures antibody-linked resins and magnetic beads that are packed into columns and kits in Milford, Massachusetts. The Company manufactures and distributes its Analytical Standards and Reagents and Environmental Resource Associates (“ERA”) product lines at its facility in Golden, Colorado, which is certified to ISO 9001:2015 and accredited to ISO/IEC 17025:2017, ISO/IEC 17034:16, ISO/IEC 17043:2010 and TNI Standard Vol. 3:2016. Some ERA products are also manufactured in the Wexford, Ireland facility, which is also accredited to ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and ISO/IEC 17034:2016.

The Company manufactures and distributes its MS products at its facilities in Wilmslow, England and Wexford, Ireland. In 2024, Waters opened a new facility in Birmingham, England which will increase the Company’s capacity to manufacture certain components used in the Company’s MS instruments. Each stage of this supply chain is closely monitored by the Company to maintain high quality and performance standards. The instruments, components or modules are then returned to the Company’s facilities, where its engineers perform final assembly, calibrations to customer specifications and quality control procedures. The Company’s MS facilities are certified to ISO 9001:2015, ISO 13485:2016/EN ISO 13485:2016 and ISO 14001:2015 (Wexford only) and adhere to applicable regulatory requirements (including the FDA Quality System Regulation and the European In-Vitro Diagnostic Directive).

TA’s thermal analysis, rheometry and calorimetry products are manufactured and distributed at the Company’s New Castle, Delaware, Eden Prairie, Minnesota, Lindon, Utah and Hüllhorst, Germany facilities. Similar to MS, elements of TA’s products are manufactured by outside contractors and are then returned to the Company’s facilities for final assembly, calibration and quality control. The Company’s New Castle facility is certified to the ISO 9001:2015 standard and the Eden Prairie facility is certified to both ISO 9001:2015 and ISO/IEC 17025:2017 standards, and the Lindon facility is certified to ISO 9001:2015.

All instrument manufacturing for Wyatt products takes place at its facilities in Santa Barbara, California. The Company’s Wyatt facility in Santa Barbara, California is certified to ISO 9001:2015.

Raw Materials

The Company purchases a variety of raw materials, primarily consisting of high temperature alloy sheet metal and castings, forgings, pre-plated metals and electrical components from various vendors. The materials used by ~~the Company’s operations are generally available from a number of sources and in sufficient quantities to meet current requirements subject to normal lead times.~~

~~The~~10 Company is subject to rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, which require disclosure as to whether certain materials (tantalum, tin, gold and tungsten), known as conflict minerals, which may be contained in the Company’s products, are mined from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and adjoining countries. In 2024, the Company was not able to determine with certainty the country of origin of some of the conflict minerals in its manufactured products. However, the Company does not have knowledge that any of its conflict minerals originated from the Democratic Republic of the Congo or adjoining countries. The Company is in the process of evaluating its 2024 supply chain, and the Company plans to file its 2024 Form SD with the SEC in May 2025. The results of this and future evaluations may impose additional costs and may introduce new risks related to the Company’s ability to verify the origin of any conflict minerals contained in its products.

In addition, the Company continues to monitor environmental, health and safety regulations in countries in which it operates throughout the world, in particular, European Union and China Restrictions on the use of certain Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment and European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment directives. Further information regarding these regulations is available on the Company’s website, www.waters.com, under the caption “About Waters / Corporate Governance”.

Research and Development

The Company maintains an active research and development program focused on the development and commercialization of products that extend, complement and update its existing product offering. The Company’s research and development expenditures for 2024, 2023 and 2022 were $183 million, $175 million and $176 million, respectively.

Nearly all of the Company’s LC products have been developed at the Company’s main research and development center located in Milford, Massachusetts, with input and feedback from the Company’s extensive field organizations and customers. The majority of the Company’s MS products are developed at facilities in England and most of the Company’s current materials characterization products are developed at the Company’s research and development center in New Castle, Delaware. At December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, there were approximately 1,100, 1,200 and 1,200 employees involved in the Company’s research and development efforts, respectively. The Company has increased research and development expenses from its continued commitment to invest significantly in new product development and existing product enhancements, and as a result of acquisitions. Despite the Company’s active research and development programs, there can be no assurance that the Company’s product development and commercialization efforts will be successful or that the products developed by the Company will be accepted by the marketplace.

the Company’s operations are generally available from a number of sources and in sufficient quantities to meet current requirements subject to normal lead times.

The Company is subject to rules of the SEC under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, which require disclosure as to whether certain materials (tantalum, tin, gold and tungsten), known as conflict minerals, which may be contained in the Company’s products, are mined from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and adjoining countries. In 2025, the Company was not able to determine with certainty the country of origin of some of the conflict minerals in its manufactured products. However, the Company does not have knowledge that any of its conflict minerals originated from the Democratic Republic of the Congo or adjoining countries. The Company is in the process of evaluating its 2025 supply chain, and the Company plans to file its 2025 Form SD with the SEC in May 2026. The results of this and future evaluations may impose additional costs and may introduce new risks related to the Company’s ability to verify the origin of any conflict minerals contained in its products.

Research and Development

The Company maintains an active research and development program focused on the development and commercialization of products that extend, complement and update its existing product offering. The Company’s research and development expenditures for 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $196 million, $183 million and $175 million, respectively.

Nearly all of the Company’s LC products have been developed at the Company’s main research and development center located in Milford, Massachusetts, with input and feedback from the Company’s extensive field organizations and customers. The majority of the Company’s MS products are developed at facilities in England and most of the Company’s current materials characterization products are developed at the Company’s research and development center in New Castle, Delaware. At December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, there were approximately 1,200, 1,100 and 1,200 employees involved in the Company’s research and development efforts, respectively. The Company has increased research and development expenses from its continued commitment to invest significantly in new product development and existing product enhancements, and as a result of acquisitions. Despite the Company’s active research and development programs, there can be no assurance that the Company’s product development and commercialization efforts will be successful or that the products developed by the Company will be accepted by the marketplace.

The Company maintains research laboratories in Cambridge, MA and at the University of Delaware, which serves as a strategic, collaborative space in the community, where Waters can partner with academia, research and industry to accelerate the next generation of scientific advancements.

Human Capital

We believe that our people differentiate our business and are vital to our continued success. As a result, we have made important investments in our workforce through initiatives and programs that support talent development and inclusion and enhance our Total Rewards programs.

Employees

The Company employed approximately 7,~~600~~900, 7,~~900~~600 and 87,~~200~~900 employees at December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively, with approximately 39% of the Company’s employees located in the United States. The ~~Company believes its employee relations are generally good. The Company’s employees are not unionized or affiliated with any internal or external labor organizations.~~

Company believes its employee relations are generally good. The Company’s employees are not unionized or affiliated with any internal or external labor organizations.

Talent Development

We believe that our future success depends in a significant part on our continued ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees and then contribute to the growth and development of these employees.

We further the growth and development of our employees by investing in various programs, digital platforms and workshops that build professional and technical skills. In addition, management periodically assesses succession planning for certain key positions and reviews our workforce to identify high potential employees for future growth and development.

Culture of Inclusion

We believe inclusion is a core tenet of organizational success and that fostering a sense of inclusivity allows our employees to maximize their performance contribution to our business. As part of our company-led initiatives to drive an inclusive workplace, we have created Employee Circles and Employee Hubs, which are voluntary, employee-driven employee resource groups open to all our employees worldwide to foster an inclusive culture. Waters has focused on expanding the pipeline of strong candidates in our recruitment processes, including developing partnerships with organizations that support a culture of inclusion in hiring and employee engagement.

Health and Safety

The health and safety of our employees is our highest priority. Through online and in-person training programs, we believe that we foster a safe workplace and ensure that all employees are empowered to prevent accidents and injuries.

Competition

The analytical instrument systems, supplies and services market is highly competitive. The Company encounters competition from several worldwide suppliers and other companies in both domestic and foreign markets for each of its three primary technologies. The Company competes in its markets primarily on the basis of product performance, reliability, service and, to a lesser extent, price. Competitors continuously introduce new products and have instrument businesses that are generally more diversified than the Company’s business. Some competitors have greater financial resources and broader distribution than the Company’s.

In the markets served by Waters, the Company’s principal competitors include: Agilent Technologies, Inc., Shimadzu Corporation, Bruker Corporation, Danaher Corporation and Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. In the markets served by TA, the Company’s principal competitors include: PerkinElmer, Inc., NETZSCH-Geraetebau GmbH, Malvern PANalytical Ltd., Spectris plc, Anton-Paar GmbH and others not identified here.

10The market for consumable LC products, including separation columns, is highly competitive and generally more fragmented than the analytical instruments market. The Company encounters competition in the consumable columns market from chemical companies that produce column sorbents and small specialized companies that primarily pack purchased sorbents into columns and subsequently package and distribute columns. The Company believes that it is one of the few suppliers that processes silica and polymeric resins, packs columns and distributes its own products. The Company competes in this market on the basis of performance, reproducibility, reputation and, to a lesser extent, price. In recent years, the Company’s principal competitors for consumable products have included: Danaher Corporation, Merck KGaA, Agilent Technologies,

~~markets~~Inc., ~~served~~General byElectric ~~TA,~~Company and Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. The ACQUITY UPLC Instrument is designed to offer a predictable level of performance when used with ACQUITY UPLC Columns and the Company’s ~~principal~~believes ~~competitors~~that ~~include:~~the ~~PerkinElmer,~~expansion ~~Inc.,~~of ~~NETZSCH-Geraetebau~~the ~~GmbH,~~ACQUITY ~~Thermo~~UPLC ~~Fisher~~Instrument ~~Scientific~~base ~~Inc.,~~will ~~Malvern~~enhance ~~PANalytical~~its ~~Ltd.,~~chromatographic acolumn ~~subsidiary~~business because of ~~Spectris~~the ~~plc,~~high ~~Anton-Paar~~level ~~GmbH~~of synergy between ACQUITY UPLC Columns and ~~others~~the ~~not~~ACQUITY ~~identified~~UPLC ~~here~~Instruments.

~~The~~In ~~market for consumable LC products, including separation columns, is highly competitive and generally more fragmented than~~ the ~~analytical~~markets ~~instruments~~served ~~market.~~by ~~The Company encounters competition in~~ the ~~consumable~~BDS columns market from chemical companies that produce column sorbents and small specialized companies that primarily pack purchased sorbents into columns and subsequently package and distribute columns. The Company believes that it is one of the few suppliers that processes silica and polymeric resinsBusiness, ~~packs columns and distributes its own products. The Company competes in this market on~~ the ~~basis of performance, reproducibility, reputation and, to a lesser extent, price. In recent years, the~~ Company’s principal competitors ~~for~~will ~~consumable~~include ~~products have included:~~ Danaher Corporation;, ~~Merck KGaA; Agilent Technologies~~Revvity, Inc.;, ~~General~~Cytek ~~Electric~~Biosciences, ~~Company and Thermo Fisher Scientific~~ Inc., ~~The~~bioMérieux ~~ACQUITY~~S.A ~~UPLC Instrument is designed to offer a predictable level of performance when used with ACQUITY UPLC Columns~~ and ~~the~~others ~~Company~~not ~~believes~~identified that the expansion of the ACQUITY UPLC Instrument base will enhance its chromatographic column business because of the high level of synergy between ACQUITY UPLC Columns and the ACQUITY UPLC Instrumentshere.

Patents, Trademarks and Licenses

The Company owns a number of United States and foreign patents and has patent applications pending in the United States and abroad. Certain technology and software has been acquired or is licensed from third parties. The Company also owns a number of trademarks. The Company’s patents, trademarks and licenses are viewed as valuable assets to its operations. However, the Company believes that no ~~one~~single patent or group of patents, trademark or license is, in and of itself, essential to the Company such that its loss would materially affect the Company’s business as a whole.

Environmental Matters and Climate Change

The Company is subject to foreign and U.S. federal, state and local laws, regulations and ordinances that (i) govern activities or operations that may have adverse environmental effects, such as discharges to air and water as well as handling and disposal practices for solid and hazardous wastes, and (ii) impose liability for the costs of cleaning up and certain damages resulting from sites of past spills, disposals or other releases of hazardous substances. The Company believes that it currently conducts its operations and has operated its business in the past in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws. From time to time, Company operations have resulted or may result in noncompliance with environmental laws or liability for cleanup pursuant to environmental laws. The Company does not currently anticipate any material adverse effect on its operations, financial condition or competitive position as a result of its efforts to comply with environmental laws.

The Company is sensitive to the growing global debate with respect to climate change. An internal sustainability working group develops increasingly robust data with respect to the Company’s utilization of carbon producing substances in an effort to continuously reduce the Company’s carbon footprint. In 2019, the Company published a sustainability report identifying the various actions and behaviors the Company adopted in 2018 concerning its commitment to both the environment and the broader topic of social responsibility. The Company has continued to publish a sustainability report (which was renamed the ESG Report in 2022) on an annual basis. In ~~November~~December ~~2024~~2025, the Company published its 2024 ~~ESG~~Sustainability Report, detailing the Company’s efforts to address its environmental impact and uphold its social responsibilities in 2024. See Item 1A, Risk Factors – The effects of climate change could harm the Company’s business, – for more information on the potential significance of climate change legislation. See also Note 17 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for financial information about geographic areas.

Available Information

The Company files or furnishes all required reports with the SEC. The Company is an electronic filer and the SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the SEC electronic filing website is http://www.sec.gov. The Company also makes available, free of charge on its website, its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The website address for Waters Corporation is http://www.waters.com and SEC filings can be found under the caption “Investors”. The Company is providing its website address solely for the information of investors. The Company does not intend the address to be an active link or to otherwise incorporate the contents of the website, including any reports that are noted in this annual report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”) as being posted on the website, into this Annual Report. Investors and others should note that we may announce material information to our investors using our investor relations website (ir.waters.com), SEC filings, press releases, public conference calls and webcasts. We use these channels, as well as social media, to communicate with our investors and the public about our Company, our business and other issues. It is possible that the information that we post on these channels could be deemed to be material information. We therefore encourage investors to visit these websites from time to time.

caption “Investors.” The Company is providing its website address solely for the information of investors. The Company does not intend the address to be an active link or to otherwise incorporate the contents of the website, including any reports that are noted in this annual report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”) as being posted on the website, into this Annual Report. Investors and others should note that we may announce material information to our investors using our investor relations website (ir.waters.com), SEC filings, press releases, public conference calls and webcasts. We use these channels, as well as social media, to communicate with our investors and the public about our Company, our business and other issues. It is possible that the information that we post on these channels could be deemed to be material information. We therefore encourage investors to visit these websites from time to time.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report, including the information incorporated by reference herein, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Statements that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed forward-looking statements. You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of the words “feels”, “believes”, “anticipates”, “plans”, “expects”, “may”, “will”, “would”, “intends”, “suggests”, “appears”, “estimates”, “projects”, “should” and similar expressions, whether in the negative or affirmative. These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside the control of the Company, including, and without limitation:

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certain risks related to the BDS Business Acquisition, including, without limitation:

^¡

failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the BDS Business Acquisition, including as a result of delay in integrating the businesses of the Company and SpinCo, on the expected timeframe or at all;

^¡

the ability of the combined company to implement its business strategy and achieve revenue and cost synergies;

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foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations potentially affecting translation of the Company’s future non-U.S. operating results, particularly when a foreign currency weakens against the U.S. dollar;

• current global economic, sovereign and political conditions and uncertainties,; ~~including~~ the effect of new or proposed tariff or trade regulations, as well as other new or changed domestic and foreign laws, regulations and policies (or new interpretations thereof),; inflation and interest rates,; the impacts and costs of war, in particular as a result of the ongoing conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and in the Middle East,; and the possibility of further escalation resulting in new geopolitical and regulatory instability;

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economic conditions in China, trade tensions and tariffs between the U.S. and China and their impact on our business, increased competition from local and international competitors in China, the Chinese government’s ongoing tightening of restrictions on procurement by government-funded customers and other regulatory and other challenges and uncertainties in the Chinese market;

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the Company’s ability to access capital, maintain liquidity and service the Company’s debt in volatile market conditions;

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changes in timing and demand for the Company’s products among the Company’s customers and various market sectors, particularly as a result of fluctuations in their expenditures or ability to obtain funding;

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the ability to realize the expected benefits related to the Company’s various cost-saving initiatives, including workforce reductions and organizational restructurings;

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the introduction of competing products by other companies and loss of market share, as well as pressures on prices from competitors and/or customers;

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changes in the competitive landscape as a result of changes in ownership, mergers and continued consolidation among the Company’s competitors;

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regulatory, economic and competitive obstacles to new product introductions, lack of acceptance of new products and inability to grow organically through innovation;

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rapidly changing technology and product obsolescence;

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the risks related to the development, deployment and use of artificial intelligence (“AI”);

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a failure to timely and effectively use AI and embed it into new product offerings and services that negatively impacts our competitiveness;

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risks associated with previous or future acquisitions, strategic investments, joint ventures and divestitures, including risks associated with achieving the anticipated financial results and operational synergies, contingent purchase price payments and expansion of our business into new or developing markets;

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risks associated with unexpected disruptions in operations, including risks associated with our transition to a new ERP system;

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risks related to any public health crisis or pandemic, climate change, severe weather and geological conditions or events or other events beyond our control;

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failure to adequately protect the Company’s intellectual property, infringement of intellectual property rights of third parties and inability to obtain licenses on commercially reasonable terms;

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the Company’s ability to acquire adequate sources of supply and its reliance on outside contractors for certain components and modules, as well as disruptions to its supply chain;

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risks associated with third-party sales intermediaries and resellers;

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the impact and costs of changes in statutory or contractual tax rates in jurisdictions in which the Company operates as well as shifts in taxable income among jurisdictions with different effective tax rates, the outcome of ongoing and future tax examinations and changes in legislation affecting the Company’s effective tax rate;

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the Company’s ability to attract and retain qualified employees and management personnel;

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risks associated with cybersecurity and our information technology infrastructure, including attempts by third parties, both private and state-sponsored, to defeat the information security measures of the Company or its third-party partners and gain unauthorized access to sensitive and proprietary Company products, services, systems, or data;

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risks associated with compliance with data privacy and information security laws and regulations regarding the collection, transmission, storage and use of personally identifying information;

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increased regulatory burdens as the Company’s business evolves, especially with respect to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, among others, and in connection with government contracts;

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regulatory, environmental and logistical obstacles affecting the distribution of the Company’s products, completion of purchase order documentation and the ability of customers to obtain letters of credit or other financing alternatives;

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risks associated with litigation and other legal and regulatory proceedings; and

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the impact and costs incurred from changes in accounting principles and practices.

Certain of these and other factors are further described below in Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Annual Report. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements, whether because of these factors or for other reasons. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report, and forward-looking statements in documents that are incorporated by reference hereto speak only as of the date of those documents. Such forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this report. Except as required by law, the Company does not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.

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Item 1A: Risk Factors

Risk Factor Summary

Risks Related to the BDS Business Acquisition

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The Company’s failure to successfully integrate the BDS Business within the expected timeline could adversely affect the Company’s future results.

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The Company may incur additional costs and charges as a result of restructuring activities and such restructuring activities may be disruptive to the Company’s business and may not result in anticipated cost savings.

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The amount of indebtedness that the Company assumed as a result of the BDS Business Acquisition is substantial and could adversely affect the Company’s operational flexibility and increase its borrowing costs.

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The Company and SpinCo are required to abide by potentially significant restrictions that could limit the Company’s ability to undertake certain corporate actions that otherwise could be advantageous.

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The Company may be unable to provide the same types and level of services to the BDS Business that historically have been provided by BD or may be unable to provide them at the same cost.

Risks Related to the Macroeconomic Conditions

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The Company’s international operations may be negatively affected by political events, wars or terrorism, economic conditions, foreign currency fluctuation and regulatory changes which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

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Global economic conditions may have an adverse effect on the demand for, and supply of, the Company’s products and harm the Company’s financial results.

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Disruption in worldwide financial markets could adversely impact the Company’s access to capital and financial condition.

Risks Related to our Business

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The Company’s financial results will be subject to changes in customer demand, which may decrease for a number of reasons, many beyond the Company’s control.

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Competitors may introduce more effective or less expensive products than the Company’s, which could result in decreased sales. The competitive landscape may transform as a result of potential changes in ownership, mergers and continued consolidations among the Company’s competitors, which could harm the Company’s business.

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Strategies for organic growth require developing new technologies and bringing these new technologies to market, which could negatively impact the Company’s financial results.

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Reductions in customers’ research budgets or government funding may adversely affect the Company’s business.

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Market dynamics, changes in reimbursement practices and coverage policies and third-party payer cost containment measures could affect the demand for the Company’s products and the prices at which they are sold.

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Changes in government priorities as it relates to healthcare could affect the revenue earned by the Company and the costs for obtaining such revenue.

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The Company’s growth can suffer if the markets into which it sells products and services decline, do not grow as anticipated or experience cyclicality.

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Defects or quality issues associated with the Company’s products could adversely affect results of operations.

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Issues and uncertainties related to the development, deployment and use of AI in the Company’s business operations and products may result in harm to the Company’s reputation, regulatory action or legal liability.

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The Company may face risks associated with previous or future acquisitions, strategic investments, joint ventures and divestitures.

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Disruption of operations, including at the Company’s manufacturing facilities, or disruption or failure of the Company’s key technology systems could have a material impact on the combined company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

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Failure to adequately protect intellectual property could have materially adverse effects on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

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The Company’s business would suffer if the Company were unable to acquire adequate sources of supply.

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The Company’s sales would deteriorate if the Company’s outside contractors failed to provide necessary components or modules or develop certain intellectual property.

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The Company’s business could be harmed by actions of third-party sales intermediaries and other third parties that sell our products.

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The Company is subject to laws and regulations governing government contracts, and failure to address these laws and regulations or comply with government contracts could harm its business by leading to a reduction in revenues associated with these customers.

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The Company’s financial results may be subject to changing application of tax law and tax audit examinations.

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The Company may be required to recognize impairment charges for our goodwill and other intangible assets.

Risks Related to Human Capital Management

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The Company’s success is highly dependent on qualified and sufficient staffing. Our failure to attract or retain qualified personnel, including our senior management team and technical personnel, could lead to a loss of revenue or profitability.

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The Company may be subject to labor disruptions.

Risks Related to Cybersecurity and Data Privacy

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Disruption, cyber-attack or unforeseen problems with the security, maintenance or upgrade of the Company’s information and web-based systems could have an adverse effect on the Company’s business strategy, results of operations and financial condition.

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If the Company’s security measures are compromised or fail to adequately protect its technology infrastructure, research and development efforts or manufacturing operations, the Company’s products and services may be perceived as vulnerable or unreliable, the information protected by the Company’s controls and processes may be subject to unauthorized access, acquisition or modification, the Company’s brand and reputation could be damaged, the services that the Company provides to its customers could be disrupted, and customers may stop using the Company’s products and services, all of which could reduce the Company’s revenue and earnings, increase its expenses and expose it to legal claims and regulatory actions.

Risks Related to Compliance, Regulatory or Legal Matters

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Changes in governmental regulations and compliance failures could harm the Company’s business.

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The Company may be harmed by improper conduct of any of our employees, agents or business partners.

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Sustainability issues, including those related to climate change, may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and damage our reputation.

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The Company is subject to or otherwise responsible for a variety of litigation and other legal and regulatory proceedings in the ordinary course of business that can adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

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The Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws include exclusive forum provisions, which could limit shareholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with the Company or its respective directors, officers or employees.

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The Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws contain certain provisions that will limit the ability of shareholders of the Company to take certain actions, and that could delay or discourage takeover attempts that shareholders may consider favorable.

The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the following:

RISKS RELATED TO THE BDS BUSINESS ACQUISITION

The Company’s failure to successfully integrate the BDS Business within the expected timeline could adversely affect the Company’s future results.

On July 13, 2025, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 13, 2025 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among the Company, BD, SpinCo and Beta Merger Sub, Inc. and a Separation Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2025 (as amended, the “Separation Agreement”), by and among the Company, BD and SpinCo in order to give effect to the BDS Business Acquisition. The transaction was structured as a Reverse Morris Trust transaction, where the BDS Business was spun off to BD shareholders and simultaneously merged with a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The BDS Business Acquisition involved numerous operational, strategic, financial, accounting, legal, tax and other risks, including potential liabilities associated with the integrated businesses. The success of the Company will depend, in significant part, on its ability to successfully integrate the BDS Business with the Company’s existing business and its ability to grow revenues and realize the anticipated strategic benefits and synergies from the BDS Business Acquisition. Difficulties in integrating the practices and operations of these two businesses may result in the Company performing differently than expected, operational challenges or the delay or failure to realize anticipated benefits and synergies, and could have an adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows.

Potential difficulties that may be encountered in the integration process include, among others:

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risks associated with the failure to implement the business plan for the Company;

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lost sales and customers as a result of customers of the Company or customers of the BDS Business deciding not to do business with the Company;

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the Company’s inability to negotiate terms as favorable as those BD has received previously when replacing contracts associated with the BDS Business;

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complexities, including demands on management, associated with managing a larger, more complex, integrated business, including aligning and executing the strategy of the Company;

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integrating the Company’s personnel and the personnel of the BDS Business while maintaining focus on providing consistent, high-quality products and service to customers;

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attrition of personnel of the BDS Business due to lack of confidence in the Company and failure to hire replacements with adequate technical expertise;

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the loss of key employees;

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unanticipated issues in integrating manufacturing, logistics, information, communications and other systems;

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unexpected or unknown claims being asserted regarding events that occurred prior to the closing of the BDS Business Acquisition;

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possible inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures, policies and compensation structures;

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the impact on the Company’s internal controls and compliance with the regulatory requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002;

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regulatory authorities imposing requirements, limitations or costs on, or requiring divestitures or placing restrictions on the conduct of, the business of the Company after the completion of the BDS Business Acquisition;

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performance shortfalls as a result of the diversion of management and employee attention caused by integrating the operations of the BDS Business with the Company’s operations;

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the risk that the term of the Transition Services Agreements is insufficient for the Company to develop its infrastructure and other business functions;

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the potential inability to sustain the services at the same levels or obtain the same benefits available under the Transition Services Agreements;

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the increased indebtedness of the Company as a result of the BDS Business Acquisition, the repayment of which could impact the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows; and

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potential unknown liabilities and unforeseen expenses, delays or regulatory conditions associated with the BDS Business Acquisition or the BDS Business.

Additionally, the success of the Company will depend, in part, on the Company’s ability to realize the anticipated benefits and synergies from combining the business of the Company and the BDS Business. Although the Company expects to generate cost synergies of approximately $200 million within three years of the completion of the BDS Business Acquisition as a result of manufacturing and supply chain optimization, commercial infrastructure, service and technology streamlining and indirect procurement savings and efficiencies, and revenue synergies of approximately $290 million within five years of the completion of the BDS Business Acquisition as a result of the similarities between the business models of the Company and the BDS Business, certain high-growth adjacencies and cross-selling opportunities, the Company’s ability to realize such anticipated synergies may be affected by a number of factors, including, but not limited to: the use of more cash or other financial resources on integration and implementation activities than anticipated; unanticipated increases in expenses unrelated to the BDS Business Acquisition, which may offset the expected synergies from the BDS Business Acquisition; slower customer adoption leading to lower actual sales than expected across our high-growth adjacencies and cross- selling opportunities. The anticipated benefits and synergies of the BDS Business Acquisition may not be realized fully or at all, may take longer to realize than expected or could have other adverse effects that the Company does not currently foresee. In addition, the anticipated benefits and synergies of the BDS Business Acquisition as well as the related integration costs are based on a number of estimates and assumptions that are inherently uncertain and subject to risks that could cause the actual results to differ materially from those contained in such anticipated benefits and synergies.

If the Company fails to realize the anticipated synergies or other benefits, or the estimated integration costs of the BDS Business Acquisition are exceeded, the business rationale of the BDS Business Acquisition might not be realized and the value of the shares of the Company’s stock could decrease.

In connection with the BDS Business Acquisition, the Company may incur additional costs and charges as a result of restructuring activities related to its manufacturing operations and supply chain as well as in order to streamline ancillary business functions that are intended to reduce ongoing costs, and those restructuring activities also may be disruptive to the Company’s business and may not result in anticipated cost savings.

Following the BDS Business Acquisition, the Company has undertaken and expects to undertake various measures with regard to its manufacturing and supply chain, including, without limitation, site rationalization, direct procurement savings and freight lane optimization. The Company has also begun to streamline commercial infrastructure, service and technology functions, inside sales, and sales operations and eliminate duplicative digital infrastructure and central service oversight. Additionally, the Company expects to leverage indirect procurement saving and efficiencies gains by utilizing capacity centers in non-U.S. jurisdictions. The Company has incurred and expects to incur additional costs and restructuring charges in connection with the measures described above as well as other cost reduction measures that could adversely affect the Company’s future earnings and cash flows. Furthermore, such actions may be disruptive to the Company’s business. Any prolonged disruption to the operations of the Company could adversely impact the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the Company may not realize the cost savings that it expects to realize as a result of such actions.

These activities require substantial management time and attention and may divert management from other important work or result in a failure to meet operational targets. Moreover, the Company could encounter changes to, or delays in executing, any restructuring plans, any of which could cause disruption and additional unanticipated expense.

The amount of indebtedness that the Company assumed as a result of the BDS Business Acquisition is substantial. This increased level of indebtedness could adversely affect the Company’s operational flexibility and increase its borrowing costs.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had approximately $1.4 billion in total debt outstanding, approximately $588 million in cash and cash equivalents, and approximately $1.6 billion in available borrowing capacity under its existing revolving credit facility, after taking into account outstanding letters of credit. Upon consummation of the BDS Business Acquisition, the Company assumed $4.0 billion of indebtedness incurred by SpinCo in connection with the payment of the SpinCo Cash Distribution which consists of a $3.5 billion tranche maturing and payable in full on February 6, 2027 and a $500 million tranche maturing and payable in full on February 6, 2028. The Company plans to refinance the $3.5 billion tranche in the first quarter of 2026 with long-term bond financing and repay the $500 million tranche prior to maturity.

The Company’s ability to make required payments of principal and interest on its indebtedness levels will depend on its future performance, which, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive and other factors that are beyond the Company’s control. The Company cannot provide any assurances that its business will generate cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available under its credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable the Company to service its indebtedness or to fund its other liquidity needs.

In addition, the Company’s credit facilities contain financial and restrictive covenants that could limit the Company’s ability to, among other things, make dividend or other payments, secure other indebtedness, enter into transactions with affiliates and consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the Company’s assets. The Company is also required to meet specified financial ratios under the terms of the Company’s credit agreements. The Company’s ability to comply with these financial and restrictive covenants is dependent on the Company’s future performance. The Company’s failure to comply with such covenants could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all of the Company’s indebtedness or otherwise have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and debt service capability.

In addition, the Company’s substantial indebtedness may have the effect of, among other things, reducing the Company’s flexibility to respond to changing business and economic conditions, lowering its credit ratings,

increasing its borrowing costs and/or requiring the Company to reduce or delay investments, strategic acquisitions and capital expenditures or seek additional capital to refinance its indebtedness and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to do so on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

In connection with the BDS Business Acquisition, the Company entered into the Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of February 9, 2026 (the “Tax Matters Agreement”), by and among the Company, BD and SpinCo, which imposes certain restrictions on the Company and SpinCo during the two-year period following the SpinCo Cash Distribution, subject to certain exceptions, with respect to actions that could cause the Spin-Off and the SpinCo Cash Distribution to fail to qualify for their intended tax treatment. As a result of these restrictions, the Company’s ability to engage in certain transactions, such as the issuance or purchase of stock or certain business combinations, may be limited, which could adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations, or financial condition.

If the Company or SpinCo take or omit to take any actions enumerated in the Tax Matters Agreement, or if certain events relating to SpinCo occur that would cause the Spin-Off or the SpinCo Cash Distribution to become taxable, the party whose actions or omissions (or event relating to) caused the Spin-Off or the SpinCo Cash Distribution to become taxable generally will be required to bear the cost of any resulting tax liability of BD (but not BD’s shareholders). Such taxes would be expected to be material, and could cause the Company’s business, financial condition and operating results to suffer.

The Company may be unable to provide (or obtain from third parties) the same types and level of services to the BDS Business that historically have been provided by BD or may be unable to provide (or obtain) them at the same cost.

As part of a separate reporting segment of BD, the BDS Business has been able to receive services from BD. Following the BDS Business Acquisition, the Company will need to replace these services either by providing them internally from our existing services or by obtaining them from unaffiliated third parties. These services include legal, accounting, information technology, human resources and other infrastructure support of which the effective and appropriate performance is critical to the operations of the Company following the BDS Business Acquisition. Upon consummation of the BDS Business Acquisition, the Company, SpinCo and BD entered into several transition services agreements (the “Transition Services Agreements”), pursuant to which BD will provide services to SpinCo on a transitional basis to facilitate the transition of the BDS Business to the Company. BD will provide to SpinCo various services, including legal, accounting, information technology, human resources and other infrastructure support, for a duration ranging from three months up to 24 months. Additionally, under manufacturing and supply agreements, BD will manufacture certain products for the BDS Business and its subsidiaries following the consummation of the BDS Business Acquisition. The Company may be unable to replace these services in a timely manner or on terms and conditions as favorable as those the BDS Business currently receives from BD. The costs for these services could in the aggregate be higher than the aggregate costs incurred by the Company and the BDS Business for these services. If the Company is unable to replace the services provided by BD or is unable to replace them at the same cost or is delayed in replacing the services provided by BD, the Company’s results of operations may be materially adversely impacted.

RISKS RELATED TO MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS

The Company’s international operations may be negatively affected by political events, wars or terrorism, economic conditions and regulatory changes, related to either a specific country or a larger region. These potential political, currency and economic disruptions, as well as foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

Approximately 6869% and 6968% of the Company’s net sales in ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively, were outside of the ~~United~~U.S. ~~States~~ and were primarily denominated in foreign currencies. In addition, the Company has considerable manufacturing operations in Ireland and the U.K., as well as significant subcontractors located in Singapore. As a result, a significant portion of the Company’s sales and operations are subject to certain risks, including adverse developments in the political, regulatory and economic environment, in particular, uncertainty regarding possible changes to foreign and domestic trade policy; trade protection measures, including embargoes, sanctions and tariffs; impact and costs of terrorism or war, in particular as a result of the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine and in the Middle East, and the possibility of further escalation resulting in new geopolitical and regulatory instability; the financial difficulties and debt burden experienced by a number of European countries; sudden movements in a country’s foreign exchange rates due to a change in a country’s sovereign risk profile or foreign exchange regulatory practices; differing tax laws and changes in those laws; restrictions on investments and/or limitations regarding foreign ownership; nationalization of private enterprises which may result in the confiscation of assets; credit risk and uncertainties regarding the collectability of accounts receivable; the impact of global health crises, pandemics and epidemics; changes in inflation and interest rates; instability in the global banking industry; rising energy prices and potential energy shortages; difficulties in protecting intellectual property; difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations; and associated adverse operational, contractual and tax consequences.

In21 2024, the Company generated $397 million of total net sales from China, down from $565 million in 2022. This significant 30% reduction in sales from China resulted from lower customer demand for our products across all customer classes, driven by various factors. Such factors include a decline in the economic conditions in China, trade tensions and tariffs between the U.S. and China and their impact on our business and particularly customers’ purchasing decisions, increased competition from local and international competitors in China, the Chinese government’s ongoing tightening of restrictions on procurement by government-funded customers and other regulatory and compliance challenges and uncertainties in the Chinese market, all of which had, and may continue to have, an adverse effect on our business and operations in China. For example, in March 2024, the Company had a reduction in workforce that impacted approximately 2% of its employees, primarily in China due to the significant decline in sales resulting from lower customer demand.

inmanufacturing ~~the~~operations ~~value~~in ofIreland and the U.SK. ~~dollar~~, ~~relative~~as well as key subcontractors providing manufacturing and support that are located in Singapore. As a result, a significant portion of the Company’s sales and operations are subject to certain ~~foreign currencies~~risks, ~~particularly~~including adverse developments in the ~~euro~~political, ~~Japanese~~regulatory ~~yen~~and economic environment, ~~British~~including ~~pound~~uncertainty regarding possible changes to foreign and ~~Chinese~~domestic ~~renminbi~~trade policy; trade protection measures, ~~could~~including ~~have~~embargoes, asanctions ~~material~~and ~~adverse~~tariffs; ~~effect~~impact and costs of terrorism or ~~benefit~~war, onin particular as a result of the ~~Company~~ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine and in the Middle East, and the possibility of further escalation resulting in new geopolitical and regulatory instability; sudden movements in a country’s ~~results~~foreign exchange rates due to a change in a country’s sovereign risk profile or foreign exchange regulatory practices; differing tax laws and changes in those laws; restrictions on investments and/or limitations regarding foreign ownership; nationalization of private enterprises which may result in the confiscation of assets; credit risk and uncertainties regarding the collectability of accounts receivable; the impact of global health crises, pandemics and epidemics; changes in inflation and interest rates; instability in the global banking industry; rising energy prices and potential energy shortages; difficulties in protecting intellectual property; difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations; orand ~~financial~~associated ~~condition~~adverse operational, contractual and tax consequences.

~~From~~In ~~time to time~~2025, the Company’s ~~enters~~total ~~into~~net ~~certain~~sales ~~foreign~~from ~~currency~~China ~~exchange~~increased ~~contracts~~10% ~~that~~as ~~are~~compared ~~intended~~ to ~~offset~~2024 ~~some~~after ofdecreasing ~~the~~by ~~market~~10% ~~risk~~in ~~associated~~2024 ~~with~~as compared to 2023. The 2024 sales ~~denominated~~decrease in ~~foreign~~China ~~currencies~~resulted from lower customer demand for our products across all customer classes, driven by various factors. WeSuch ~~cannot~~factors ~~predict~~include, among other things, a decline in the ~~effectiveness~~economic ofconditions ~~these~~in ~~transactions~~China, ortrade tensions and tariffs between the U.S. and China and their impact ~~upon~~on our ~~future~~business ~~operating~~and ~~results~~particularly customers’ purchasing decisions, ~~and~~increased competition from ~~time~~local toand ~~time~~international ~~they~~competitors in China, the Chinese government’s ongoing tightening of restrictions on procurement by government-funded customers and other regulatory and compliance challenges and uncertainties in the Chinese market, all of which had, and may ~~negatively~~continue ~~affect~~to have, an adverse effect on our ~~quarterly~~business ~~earnings~~and operations in China.

In particular, China’s government continues to play a significant role in regulating industry development by imposing sector-specific policies, and it maintains control over China’s economic growth through setting monetary policy and determining treatment of particular industries or companies. The U.S. government has called for substantial changes to foreign trade policy with China and has raised, and has proposed to further raise in the future, tariffs on Chinese goods. China has retaliated with increased tariffs on U.S. goods, which has increased our cost of doing business in China. Additionally, the U.S. government announced new global trade tariffs on imports to the U.S. during fiscal 2025, including additional tariffs on various countries from which the Company directly or indirectly imports and/or exports products. In response, several countries have imposed or threatened reciprocal tariffs on imports from the U.S. and other measures. Various modifications to the U.S. tariffs have been announced, and further changes are expected to be made in the future, including in response to litigation. On February 20, 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court rendered a decision invalidating tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. This decision introduces uncertainty regarding potential refund processes and future trade policy actions and could affect the Company’s cost structure and supply chain planning. The ultimate impact of tariffs and other trade policies on the Company’s business will depend on several factors, including future measures implemented by the U.S. government and the governments of other countries, the overall magnitude and duration of these measures, and the Company’s ability to mitigate effects, which could include higher import costs and reduced sales in China and other affected markets. Accordingly, the Company’s financial position or results of operations may be adversely influenced by political, economic, legal, compliance, social and business conditions in the U.S. and in other countries.

Additionally, the U.S. dollar value of the Company’s net sales, cost of sales, operating expenses, interest, taxes and net income varies with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Significant increases or decreases in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to certain foreign currencies, particularly the Canadian Dollar, Euro, Japanese yen, British pound and Chinese renminbi, could have a material adverse effect or benefit on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

From time to time, the Company enters into certain foreign currency exchange contracts that are intended to offset some of the market risk associated with sales denominated in foreign currencies. There can be no

assurance that these transactions will be effective at hedging such market risk. Such transactions may negatively affect the Company’s quarterly earnings from time to time.

Global economic conditions may have an adverse effect on the demand for, and supply of, the Company’s products and harm the Company’s financial results.

The Company is a global business with operations, supply chains, suppliers and customers that may be adversely affected by changes in global economic conditions such as changes in the rate of inflation (including the cost of raw materials, commodities and supplies) and interest rates. Both our domestic and international markets experience varying degrees of inflationary and interest rate pressures. These changes in global economic conditions may affect the demand for, and supply of, the Company’s products and services. This may result in a decline in sales in the future, increased rate of order cancellations or delays, increased risk of excess or obsolete inventories, longer sales cycles and potential difficulty in collecting sales proceeds. There can be no assurance regarding demand for the Company’s products and services in the future.

Disruption in worldwide financial markets could adversely impact the Company’s access to capital and financial condition.

Financial markets in the U.S., Europe and Asia have experienced times of extreme disruption, including, among other things, sharp increases in the cost of new capital, credit rating downgrades and bailouts, severely diminished capital availability and severely reduced liquidity in money markets. Financial and banking institutions have also experienced disruptions, resulting in large asset write-downs, higher costs of capital, rating downgrades and reduced desire to lend money. There can be no assurance that there will not be future deterioration or prolonged disruption in financial markets or financial institutions. Any future deterioration or prolonged disruption in financial markets or financial institutions in which the Company participates may impair the Company’s ability to access its existing cash, utilize its existing syndicated bank credit facility funded by such financial institutions or access sources of new capital on favorable terms or at all, which it may need to meet its capital needs. The cost to the Company of any new capital raised and interest expense would increase if this were to occur.

Public health crises, epidemics or pandemics have had, and could in the future have, a negative impact on the Company’s business and operations.

Public health crises, epidemics or pandemics have had, and could in the future have, a negative impact on our business and operations, including Company sales and cash flow. Such public health crises, epidemics and pandemics have the potential to create significant volatility, uncertainty and worldwide economic disruption, resulting in an economic slowdown of potentially extended duration, as seen with the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to 2022. The Company’s global operations expose it to risks associated with such public health crises, epidemics and pandemics, which could have an adverse effect on its business, results of operations and financial condition. The degree to which such public health crisis, epidemics or pandemics ultimately affects the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition is highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS

The Company’s financial results are subject to changes in customer demand, which may decrease for a number of reasons, many beyond the Company’s control.

The demand for the Company’s products is dependent upon the size of the markets for its ~~LC, LC-MS, light scattering, thermal analysis, rheometry and calorimetry~~ products; the timing and level of capital spending and expenditures of the Company’s customers; changes in governmental regulations, particularly those affecting drug, food and drinking water testing and medical devices; funding, including government funding, available to academic, governmental and research institutions; health policy; export controls; general economic conditions and the rate of economic growth in the Company’s major markets; and competitive considerations. Policy, regulatory and enforcement changes introduced by the current presidential administration and regulatory leadership in the United States may impact the business and capital expenditure strategies of the Company’s customers, which in turn could adversely impact the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. The Company typically experiences seasonality in its orders that is reflected as an increase in sales in its fourth quarter as a result of purchasing habits for capital goods by customers that tend to exhaust their spending budgets by calendar year-end. Therefore, there can be no assurance that the Company will effectively forecast customer demand and appropriately allocate research and development expenditures to products with high growth and high margin prospects. Additionally, there can be no assurance that the Company’s results of operations or financial condition will not be adversely impacted by a change in any of the factors listed above or the continuation of uncertain global economic conditions.

15The analytical instrument market may also, from time to time, experience low sales growth. Approximately 59% and 58% of the Company’s net sales in 2025 and 2024, respectively, were to worldwide pharmaceutical accounts, which are periodically subject to unfavorable market conditions and consolidations. Unfavorable industry conditions could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

health policy; export controls; general economic conditions and the rate of economic growth in the Company’s major markets; and competitive considerations. Policy, regulatory and enforcement changes introduced by the new presidential administration and regulatory leadership in the United States may impact the business and capital expenditure strategies of the Company’s customers, which in turn could adversely impact the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. The Company typically experiences seasonality in its orders that is reflected as an increase in sales in its fourth quarter as a result of purchasing habits for capital goods by customers that tend to exhaust their spending budgets by calendar year-end. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will effectively forecast customer demand and appropriately allocate research and development expenditures to products with high growth and high margin prospects. Additionally, there can be no assurance that the Company’s results of operations or financial condition will not be adversely impacted by a change in any of the factors listed above or the continuation of uncertain global economic conditions.

The analytical instrument market may also, from time to time, experience low sales growth. Approximately 58% and 57% of the Company’s net sales in 2024 and 2023, respectively, were to worldwide pharmaceutical accounts, which are periodically subject to unfavorable market conditions and consolidations. Unfavorable industry conditions could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

The analytical instrument market, and, in particular, the portion related to the Company’s HPLC, UPLC, LC-MS, light scattering, thermal analysis, rheometry and calorimetry product lines, is highly competitive. The Company encounters significant competition from several international instrument suppliers and other companies in both domestic and foreign markets. ~~Some~~Such competitors may have instrument businesses that are generally more diversified than the Company’s business but are typically less focused on the markets that the Company’s ~~chosen~~chooses ~~markets~~to focus on. Over the years, some competitors have merged with other competitors for various reasons, including increasing product line offerings, improving market share and reducing costs. There can be no assurance that the Company’s competitors will not introduce new, disruptive technologies that displace the Company’s existing technologies or more effective and less costly products than those of the Company or that the Company will be able to increase its sales and profitability from new product introductions. There can be no assurance that the Company’s sales and marketing forces will compete successfully against the Company’s competitors in the future.

This industry is also subject to rapid technological change, discovery and frequent product introductions. There can be no assurance that the Company’s competitors will not introduce new, disruptive technologies that displace the Company’s existing technologies or more effective and less costly products than those of the Company or that the Company will be able to increase its sales and profitability from new product introductions. There can be no assurance that the Company’s sales and marketing forces will compete successfully against the Company’s competitors in the future.

Strategies for organic growth require developing new technologies and bringing these new technologies to market, which could negatively impact the Company’s financial results.

~~The~~A significant component of the Company’s ~~corporate~~success ~~strategy~~ is ~~fundamentally~~dependent ~~based~~in part on ~~winning~~its ~~through~~ability ~~organic~~to focus on innovation and ~~deep~~new ~~application~~product ~~expertise.~~development ~~The Company is~~ in ~~the~~order ~~process~~to ofincrease ~~developing~~revenue. ~~new~~The ~~products~~results ~~with~~of ~~recently~~the ~~acquired~~Company’s ~~technologies.~~product ~~The future~~ development ofefforts ~~these~~may ~~new~~be ~~products~~affected ~~will~~by ~~require~~ a ~~significant~~number ~~amount~~ of ~~spending~~factors, ~~over~~including ~~the~~its ~~next~~ability ~~few~~to ~~years~~anticipate ~~before~~customer ~~any significant~~needs, ~~robust~~dedicate ~~sales~~sufficient ~~will~~time beto ~~realized.~~innovate ~~Furthermore,~~and ~~these~~develop new products ~~will~~and betechnologies, ~~sold~~successfully ~~into~~complete ~~both the non-~~clinical ~~and~~trials, ~~clinical~~obtain ~~markets,~~regulatory approvals and ~~any~~reimbursement ~~new~~in ~~products~~the ~~requiring~~U.S. ~~FDA~~and ~~clearance~~abroad, ~~may~~manufacture ~~take~~products ~~longer~~in toa ~~bring~~cost-effective tomanner, ~~market.~~obtain ~~There~~appropriate ~~can~~intellectual beproperty norights ~~assurance~~and ~~given~~gain asand tomaintain ~~the~~market ~~timing~~acceptance of ~~these~~its ~~new~~products. ~~product~~In ~~launches~~addition, ~~and~~patents ~~the~~attained ~~ultimate~~by ~~realization~~others ofcan ~~sales~~preclude ~~and~~or ~~profitability~~delay in the ~~future~~Company’s commercialization of a product.

InThe ~~addition,~~development ~~the~~of ~~Company’s~~new products ~~are~~will ~~subject~~require toa ~~rapid~~significant ~~changes~~amount inof ~~technology.~~time ~~Rapidly~~and ~~changing~~spending, ~~technology~~including ~~could~~on ~~make~~research ~~some~~and ordevelopment, ~~all~~production ofand ~~our~~marketing, ~~product~~before ~~lines~~any ~~obsolete~~significant, ~~unless~~robust sales will be realized. For example, the Company isexpects ~~able~~to bring new microbiology products to ~~continually~~market, ~~improve~~which ~~our~~may ~~existing~~take ~~products~~three ~~and~~to ~~develop~~five years to generate significant sales. Furthermore, these new products. Ifwill be sold into both the ~~Company~~non-clinical ~~fails~~and toclinical ~~develop~~markets, and ~~introduce~~any new products inrequiring aFDA ~~timely~~clearance ~~manner~~may intake ~~response~~longer to ~~changing~~bring ~~technology,~~to market. ~~demands~~There orcan ~~the~~be ~~requirements~~no ofassurance ~~our~~that ~~customers~~any products now in development, or that the Company’s ~~product sales~~ may ~~decline,~~seek ~~and~~to wedevelop ~~could~~in ~~experience~~the anfuture, ~~adverse~~will ~~effect~~achieve ontechnological ~~our~~feasibility, ~~results~~obtain ofregulatory ~~operations~~approval or ~~financial~~gain ~~condition~~market acceptance.

16In addition, the Company’s products are subject to rapid changes in technology. Rapidly changing technology could make some or all of our product lines obsolete unless the Company is able to continually improve our existing products and develop new products. If the Company fails to develop and introduce products in a timely manner in response to changing technology, market demands or the requirements of our customers, the Company’s product sales may decline, and we could experience an adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Even if the Company successfully develops new products or enhancements or new generations of existing products, they may be quickly rendered obsolete by changing customer preferences, changing industry or regulatory standards, or competitors’ innovations.

Reductions in customers’ research budgets or government funding may adversely affect the Company’s business.

The Company supplies products to researchers at pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, academic institutions, government laboratories and private foundations. Research and development spending of such customers can fluctuate based on spending priorities and general economic conditions. A number of these customers are also dependent for their funding upon grants from U.S. government agencies, such as the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and similar agencies in other countries. Other customers, such as pharmaceutical companies, may self-fund but will have budgets affected by macro-economic events. The level of government

funding of research and development may vary significantly due to factors that can be difficult to forecast, including changes in spending authorizations and budgetary priorities. The availability of governmental research funding has been and may in the future be adversely affected by economic conditions and governmental spending reductions, particularly during periods of economic uncertainty. Accordingly, the timing and amount of revenue from customers that rely on government or research funding may also vary significantly and be difficult to forecast, and any reductions or delays in governmental or other research funding have caused and may in the future cause the Company’s customers to delay or forgo product purchases.

The sale of the Company’s products and services, as well as access to them, depends, in part, on the healthcare funding landscape and how healthcare providers and facilities are reimbursed by public and private payers. Coverage policies and reimbursement levels can vary across the payer community globally, regionally, and locally, and may affect which products customers purchase, the market acceptance rate for new technologies and the prices customers are willing to pay for those products in a particular jurisdiction. In addition, third-party payers are increasingly challenging the reimbursement models and prices charged for medical products and services. Any changes to the reimbursement landscape, or adverse decisions relating to the Company’s products by administrators of these systems could significantly reduce reimbursement for procedures using the Company’s products or result in denial of reimbursement for those products, which could adversely affect customer demand, or the price customers are willing to pay for such products.

Changes in government priorities as it relates to healthcare could affect the revenue earned by the Company and the costs for obtaining such revenue.

A global trend towards limiting growth of healthcare costs may also put industry-wide pressure on the Company’s products that are subject to reimbursement. In the U.S., these include value-based purchasing, group purchasing organizations and managed care arrangements. Governments in China and other countries continue to use various mechanisms to control healthcare expenditures, including increased use of competitive bidding and tenders, price regulation (such as volume-based procurement programs), government imposed payback provisions, and changes in reimbursement practices and policies on average selling prices for the Company’s products, which unfavorably impact the Company’s revenues and may continue to impact the Company’s results of operations in certain countries. In addition, changes in regulatory enforcement priorities and efforts by governments in countries in which the Company does business, including China, may increase compliance and monitoring costs that could have an adverse impact on the Company’s business. Group purchasing organizations and integrated health delivery networks have also served to concentrate purchasing decisions for some customers, which has led to downward pricing pressures. Further consolidation in the industry could intensify competition and exert additional pressure on the demand for and prices of the Company’s products.

The Company’s growth can suffer if the markets into which it sells products and services decline, do not grow as anticipated or experience cyclicality.

The Company’s growth depends in part on the growth of the markets which the Company serves, and visibility into the Company’s markets can be limited (particularly for markets into which it sells through distribution). The Company’s quarterly sales and profits depend substantially on the volume and timing of orders received during the quarter, which are difficult to forecast. Any decline or lower than expected growth in the Company’s served markets can diminish demand for the Company’s products and services and adversely affect the Company’s business and financial statements. Certain of the Company’s businesses operate in industries that experience seasonality, or industries that have experienced and may continue to experience periodic, cyclical downturns.

In addition, in certain of the Company’s businesses demand depends on customers’ capital spending budgets, government funding policies and interest rates, and matters of public policy and government budget, fiscal and monetary dynamics as well as product and economic cycles can affect the spending decisions of these entities. Demand for the Company’s products and services is also sensitive to changes in customer order patterns, which may be affected by announced price changes, marketing or promotional programs, new product introductions, the

timing of industry trade shows and changes in distributor or customer inventory levels due to distributor or customer management thereof or other factors. Any of these factors could adversely affect the Company’s business and financial statements in any given period.

Defects or quality issues associated with the Company’s products, including software or hardware, could adversely impact their function, performance and security, and affect results of operations.

The design, manufacture and marketing of the Company’s products involve certain inherent risks. Manufacturing or design defects, component failures, unapproved or improper use of the Company’s products or inadequate disclosure of risks or other information relating to the use of the Company’s products can lead to injury or other serious adverse events or non-reliable customer research. Such events have in the past and could in the future lead to recalls or safety alerts relating to the Company’s products (either voluntary or as required by the FDA or similar governmental authorities in other countries), and could result, in certain cases, in the removal of a product from the market. A recall could result in significant costs, lost sales and customers, enforcement actions and/or investigations by state and federal governments or other enforcement bodies, as well as negative publicity and damage to the Company’s reputation that could reduce future demand for its products. Personal injuries relating to the use of the Company’s products can also result in significant product liability claims being brought against the Company, which, if in excess of, or outside the coverage of, the Company’s insurance coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, the Company may not be able to maintain product liability insurance on acceptable terms, if at all, and insurance may not provide adequate coverage against potential liabilities.

Despite testing prior to the release and throughout the lifecycle of a product or service, the detection and correction of any manufacturing errors, or errors in released software or hardware, can be time consuming and costly. This could delay the development or release of new products or services, or new versions of products or services, expose security vulnerabilities in the Company’s products or services, and adversely affect market acceptance of products or services. If the Company experiences errors or delays, its sales could be affected, and revenues could decline. Manufacturing errors, or errors in released software or hardware, could expose the Company to product liability, performance and warranty claims, regulatory enforcement and fines as well as harm to brand and reputation, which could impact future sales. In some circumstances, such adverse events could also cause delays in regulatory approval of new products or the imposition of post-market approval requirements. In addition, inaccurate data produced from the Company’s products could result in faulty clinical decisions or treatments that could have an adverse effect on the Company’s clients and their patients.

Issues and uncertainties related to the development, deployment and use of artificial intelligence in the Company’s business operations and products may result in harm to the Company’s reputation, regulatory action or legal liability.

The Company iscontinues ~~beginning~~ to integrate artificial intelligence (“AI”), including generative AI, into its business operations and products and ~~continues to~~ research further uses and opportunities for AI development. As AI is a rapidly developing technology that is still in the early stages of being researched and understood, the development, deployment and use of AI presents novel risks and challenges that have the potential to adversely impact the Company’s business. The premature use of inadequate AI or the use of deficient AI, including flawed or biased algorithms, could harm the Company’s brand, reputation or competitive advantage or result in regulatory penalties or legal liability. The input of confidential information or trade secrets into AI systems may result in the loss of intellectual property, proprietary rights or attorney-client privilege in such information or trade secrets. The use of AI technologies for developing products or services may adversely affect or preclude the Company’s intellectual property rights in such products or services, or may expose the Company to liability related to the infringement, misappropriation or other violation of third-party intellectual property. Failures in AI functionality could result in delays in new product offerings and services and have an adverse impact on other business activities. Delays or disruptions in successfully developing and implementing AI as part of the Company’s business activities, products or services could have a negative impact on the Company’s competitiveness, particularly if competitors are successful in making and leveraging such advancements, and the development of adequate AI technology will require significant investment. ~~Due~~The touse ~~the novelty~~ of AI ~~technology,~~with ~~the~~personally ~~Company~~identifiable information may also ~~experience~~result ~~additional~~in ~~risks~~liability. ~~that~~Further, ~~cannot~~particularly ~~yet~~given bethe ~~predicted.~~nascent stage of the technology, the use of

~~Laws~~26 and regulations arising from the use and development of AI technology present additional uncertainties and risks to the Company. In particular, the use and development of AI implicates risks related to intellectual property, data protection and privacy laws and regulations. Due to the rapid developments being made in AI technology, the legal and regulatory landscape related to AI is constantly evolving. Complying with developing laws, regulations and standards could significantly burden the Company, and failures to comply could result in legal liability, regulatory action or reputational harm.

The Company may face risks associated with previous or future acquisitions, strategic investments, joint ventures and divestitures.

In the normal course of business, the Company may engage in discussions with third parties relating to possible acquisitions, strategic investments, joint ventures and divestitures. The Company may pursue transactions that complement or augment its existing products and services, such as the Wyatt acquisition that was completed in May 2023. Such transactions involve numerous risks, including difficulties in integrating the acquired operations, technologies and products; diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns; inability to predict financial results; potential departures of key employees of the acquired company; and difficulties in effectively transferring divested businesses and liabilities. If the Company successfully identifies acquisitions in the future, completing such acquisitions may result in new issuances of the Company’s stock that may be dilutive to current owners; increases in the Company’s debt and contingent liabilities; and additional amortization expense related to intangible assets. For example, the Company financed the Wyatt acquisition, in part, through borrowings under its revolving credit facility, resulting in a significant increase in the Company’s outstanding debt. Acquired businesses may also expose the Company to new risks and new markets, and the Company may have difficulty addressing these risks in a cost-effective and timely manner. Any of these transaction-related risks could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s profitability. In addition, the Company may not be able to identify, successfully complete, or integrate potential acquisitions in the future. Even if the Company can do so, it cannot be sure that these acquisitions will have a positive impact on the Company’s business or operating results.

The Company’s software or hardware may contain coding or manufacturing errors that could impact their function, performance and security, and result in other negative consequences.

Despite testing prior to the release and throughout the lifecycle of a product or service, the detection and correction of any errors in released software or hardware can be time consuming and costly. This could delay the development or release of new products or services, or new versions of products or services, create security vulnerabilities in the Company’s products or services, and adversely affect market acceptance of products or services. If the Company experiences errors or delays in releasing its software or hardware, or new versions thereof, its sales could be affected, and revenues could decline. Errors in software or hardware could expose the Company to product liability, performance and warranty claims as well as harm to brand and reputation, which could impact future sales.

A AI ~~successful~~can ~~product~~lead ~~liability~~to ~~claim~~unintended ~~brought~~consequences, ~~against~~including the ~~Company~~generation inof ~~excess~~outputs ofthat appear correct but are factually inaccurate or misleading, or ~~outside~~that ~~the~~result ~~coverage~~in ~~of,~~unintended ~~the~~biases ~~Company’s~~and ~~insurance~~discriminatory ~~coverage~~outcomes, ~~could~~or ~~have~~are aotherwise ~~material~~flawed, ~~adverse~~which ~~effect~~could onharm our ~~business,~~reputation ~~financial~~and ~~condition~~business and ~~results~~expose ofus ~~operations.~~to ~~The~~risks ~~Company~~related ~~may~~to ~~not~~such beinaccuracies ~~able~~or toerrors ~~maintain~~in ~~product~~these ~~liability~~outputs. ~~insurance~~Due onto ~~acceptable~~the ~~terms,~~novelty ifof atAI ~~all~~technology, ~~and~~the ~~insurance~~Company may ~~not~~also ~~provide~~experience ~~adequate~~additional ~~coverage~~risks ~~against~~that ~~potential~~cannot ~~liabilities~~yet be predicted.

Laws and regulations arising from the use and development of AI technology present additional uncertainties and risks to the Company. In particular, the use and development of AI implicates risks related to intellectual property, data protection and privacy laws and regulations and may also cause compliance issues or raise ethical concerns. Due to the rapid developments being made in AI technology, the legal and regulatory landscape related to AI is constantly evolving. Complying with developing laws, regulations and standards could significantly burden the Company, and failures to comply could result in legal liability, regulatory action or reputational harm.

The Company may face risks associated with previous or future acquisitions, strategic investments, joint ventures and divestitures.

In the normal course of business, the Company may engage in discussions with third parties relating to possible acquisitions, strategic investments, joint ventures and divestitures. The Company may pursue transactions that complement or augment its existing products and services. Such transactions involve numerous risks, including difficulties in integrating the acquired operations, technologies and products; diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns; inability to predict financial results; potential departures of key employees of the acquired company; and difficulties in effectively transferring divested businesses and liabilities. If the Company successfully identifies acquisitions in the future, completing such acquisitions may result in new issuances of the Company’s stock that may be dilutive to current owners; increases in the Company’s debt and contingent liabilities; and additional amortization expense related to intangible assets. Acquired businesses may also expose the Company to new risks and new markets, and the Company may have difficulty addressing these risks in a cost-effective and timely manner. Any of these transaction-related risks could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s profitability. In addition, the Company may not be able to identify, successfully complete, or integrate potential acquisitions in the future. Even if the Company can do so, it cannot be sure that these acquisitions will have a positive impact on the Company’s business or operating results.

Disruption of operations, including at the Company’s manufacturing facilities, or disruption or failure of the Company’s key technology systems could have a material impact on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

The Company manufactures LCits ~~instruments~~products at various facilities in ~~Milford,~~the ~~Massachusetts~~U.S. and ~~through~~internationally. aThere ~~subcontractor~~may inbe ~~Singapore;~~more ~~precision~~than ~~chemistry~~one ~~separation~~manufacturing ~~columns~~line atfor ~~its~~any ~~facilities~~particular incomponent ~~Taunton,~~or ~~Massachusetts~~product. ~~and~~In ~~Wexford,~~most ~~Ireland; MS products at its facilities in Wilmslow~~instances, ~~England~~however, ~~Birmingham,~~the ~~England~~manufacturing ~~and~~of ~~Wexford,~~certain ~~Ireland;~~of ~~thermal~~our ~~analysis~~product ~~and~~lines ~~rheometry~~is ~~products~~concentrated ~~at its facilities~~ in ~~New~~one ~~Castle,~~or ~~Delaware;~~a ~~and~~few ~~other~~of ~~instruments~~our ~~and~~plants ~~consumables~~as ata ~~various~~result ~~other~~of ~~locations~~many asfactors, aincluding ~~result~~site oflicensing ~~the~~and ~~Company’s~~regulatory ~~acquisitions~~oversight. Any prolonged disruption to the operations at any of these facilities, whether due to labor difficulties (including shortages), destruction of or damage to any facility, power interruptions, cybersecurity incidents or breaches, failure of key technology systems, weather events or natural disasters (including the potential impacts of climate change), regulatory requirements, equipment failure or other reasons, could harm our customer relationships, impede our ability to generate sales and have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. In some instances, the Company may not be able to transition manufacturing to other sites or a third party to replace the lost production.

Our worldwide enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system is integral to our ability to accurately and efficiently maintain our books and records, record transactions, coordinate resource allocation between our manufacturing facilities across the globe, provide critical information to our management, and prepare our financial statements. In December 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the implementation of a new worldwide ERP system, which is expected to provide enhanced operating efficiencies, process alignment, information sharing, and scalability compared to the Company’s existing ERP system. While implementation of the new ERP system is currently underway, the full transition to the new ERP system is expected to be a multi-year process. Transitioning from the existing ERP system to the new ERP system has required and will continue to require significant investment of human and financial resources, and we may experience significant increases to inherent costs and risks associated with such a transition, including capital expenditures, additional operating expenses, demands on management time and other risks and costs of delays or potential challenges, such as the cost of training personnel, migration of data, the potential instability of the new ERP system and cost overruns. A significant disruption or deficiency in the design or implementation of the new ERP system may adversely affect our ability to process orders, ship product, send invoices and track payments, fulfil contractual obligations, maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting or otherwise operate our business and, as a result, may have an adverse and material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

~~Failure~~27 ~~to adequately protect intellectual property could have materially adverse effects on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.~~

Our success depends on our ability to obtain, maintain, and enforce patents on our technology, maintain our trademarks, and protect our trade secrets. There can be no assurance that any patents held by the Company will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented or that the rights granted thereunder will provide competitive advantages to the Company. Additionally, there could be successful claims against the Company by third-party patent holders with respect to certain Company products that may infringe the intellectual property rights of such third parties. In the event that a claim relating to intellectual property is asserted against the Company, or third parties hold pending or issued patents that relate to the Company’s products or technology, the Company may seek licenses to such intellectual property or challenge those patents. However, the Company may be unable to obtain these licenses on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, and the challenge of the patents may be unsuccessful. The Company’s failure to obtain the necessary licenses or other rights could impact the sale, manufacture, or distribution of its products and, therefore, could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations and financial condition. The Company’s patents, including those licensed from others, expire on various dates.

~~The~~ to ~~Company~~require ~~also~~significant ~~depends~~investment inof ~~part~~human and financial resources, and we may experience significant increases to inherent costs and risks associated with such a transition, including capital expenditures, additional operating expenses, demands on ~~its~~management ~~trademarks~~time and ~~the~~other ~~strength~~risks and costs of ~~its~~delays ~~proprietary~~or ~~brands~~potential challenges, ~~which~~such as the ~~Company~~cost ~~considers~~of ~~important~~training topersonnel, ~~its~~migration ~~business.~~of ~~The~~data, ~~Company’s~~the ~~inability~~potential toinstability ~~protect~~of the new ERP system and cost overruns. A significant disruption or ~~preserve~~deficiency in the ~~value~~design ofor ~~its~~implementation ~~intellectual~~of ~~property~~the ~~rights~~new ~~for~~ERP ~~any~~system ~~reason,~~may ~~including~~adversely ~~the~~affect ~~Company’s~~our ~~inability~~ability to ~~successfully~~process ~~defend~~orders, ~~against~~ship ~~counterfeit~~product, ~~knock-offs~~send invoices and track payments, ~~grey-market~~fulfil contractual obligations, ~~infringing~~maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting or otherwise ~~unauthorized~~operate ~~products~~our business and, ~~could~~as ~~damage~~a ~~the~~result, ~~Company’s~~may ~~brand~~have ~~and~~an ~~reputation~~adverse and ~~harm~~material ~~its~~adverse ~~business~~effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

~~The~~Failure ~~Company also relies on trade secrets and proprietary know-how with which it seeks~~ to ~~protect its products, in part, by confidentiality agreements with its collaborators, employees and consultants. These agreements may not~~ adequately protect the Company’s trade secrets and other proprietary rights. These agreements may be breached, and the Company may not have adequate remedies for any breach. In addition, the Company’s trade secrets may otherwise become known or be independently developed by its competitors. If the Company is unable to protect its intellectual property ~~rights, it~~ could have anmaterially adverse ~~and~~effects ~~material effect~~ on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

Our success depends on our ability to obtain, maintain, and enforce patents on our technology, maintain our trademarks, and protect our trade secrets. There can be no assurance that any patents held by the Company will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented or that the rights granted thereunder will provide competitive advantages to the Company. Additionally, there could be successful claims against the Company by third-party patent holders with respect to certain products that may infringe the intellectual property rights of such third parties. If a claim relating to intellectual property is asserted against the Company, or third parties hold pending or issued patents that relate to the Company’s products or technology, the Company may seek licenses to such intellectual property or challenge those patents. However, the Company may be unable to obtain these licenses on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, and the challenge of the patents may be unsuccessful. The Company’s failure to obtain the necessary licenses or other rights could impact the sale, manufacture, or distribution of its products and, therefore, could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations and financial condition. The Company’s existing patents, including those licensed from others, expire on various dates.

The Company’s performance also depends in part on the strength of its trademarks and its proprietary brands. The Company’s inability to protect or preserve the value of its intellectual property rights for any reason, including the Company’s inability to successfully defend against counterfeit, knock-offs, grey-market, infringing or otherwise unauthorized products, could damage the Company’s brand and reputation and harm its business.

The Company also relies on trade secrets and proprietary know-how with which it seeks to protect its products, in part, by entering into confidentiality agreements with its collaborators, employees and consultants. These agreements may not adequately protect the Company’s trade secrets and other proprietary rights. These agreements may be breached, and the Company may not have adequate remedies for any breach. In addition, the Company’s trade secrets may otherwise become known or be independently developed by its competitors. If the Company is unable to protect its intellectual property rights, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.

The Company’s business would suffer if the Company were unable to acquire adequate sources of supply.

Most of the raw materials, components and supplies purchased by the Company are available from aseveral ~~number of different~~ suppliers; however, a number of items including specialized products are purchased from limited or single sources of supply. Consolidation among such suppliers could also result in other limited or sole-source suppliers for the Company in the future. ~~Disruption~~The price and availability of these ~~sources~~materials, ~~could~~components ~~have,~~and atsupplies ahas ~~minimum~~been, aand ~~temporary~~may ~~adverse~~in ~~effect~~the onfuture ~~shipments~~be, ~~and~~impacted ~~the~~or ~~financial~~disrupted ~~results~~for ofreasons beyond the Company.’s Incontrol, ~~addition~~including, ~~price~~but ~~increases~~not ~~from~~limited ~~these~~to, ~~suppliers~~supplier shutdowns, ~~including~~supplier ascapacity aconstraints, ~~result~~supplier ofinsolvencies, ~~any~~labor ~~imposed~~disruptions ~~tariffs~~or shortages, ~~could~~transportation ~~have~~delays, aninflationary ~~adverse~~pricing ~~effect~~pressures, onwork ~~the~~stoppages, ~~Company’s~~extreme ~~margins.~~weather Aevents, ~~prolonged~~geopolitical ~~inability~~developments, toglobal ~~obtain~~economic ~~certain~~uncertainty ~~materials~~ or ~~components~~downturns, orsanctions aand ~~sustained~~trade ~~material~~restrictions ~~cost~~and ~~increase~~other togovernmental ~~source~~regulatory actions (such as in the area of materials of concern), and ~~components~~any ~~could~~such ~~have~~changes anor ~~adverse~~disruptions ~~effect~~could onadversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition orand results of operations. ~~and~~The ~~could~~Company ~~result~~has inexperienced ~~damage~~significant challenges to its ~~relationships~~global ~~with~~transportation channels and other aspects of its ~~customers~~global supply chain network, including to the cost and availability of energy, ~~accordingly~~raw materials and components due to shortages, ~~adversely~~labor ~~affect~~strikes ~~the~~and ~~Company’s~~cost ~~business~~inflation.

~~The~~28 ~~Company’s sales would deteriorate if the Company’s outside contractors fail to provide necessary components or modules.~~

Certain components or modules of the Company’s LC and MS instruments are manufactured by outside contractors, including the manufacturing of LC instrument systems and related components by contract manufacturing firms in Singapore. The ability of these contractors to perform their obligations is largely outside of the Company’s control. Failure by these outside contractors to perform their obligations in a timely manner or at satisfactory quality levels could have an adverse effect on the supply chain and the financial results of the Company. In addition, if one or more of such contractors experience significant disruption in services or institute a significant price increase, the Company may have to seek alternative providers, its costs could increase and the delivery of its products could be prevented or delayed. A prolonged inability to obtain these components or modules could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

The Company’s business could be harmed by actions of third-party sales intermediaries and other third parties that sell our products.

The Company sells some products through third parties, including third-party sales intermediaries and value-added resellers. This exposes us to various risks, including competitive pressure, concentration of sales volumes, credit risks and compliance risks. We may rely on one or a few key third-party sales intermediaries for a product or market and the loss of these third-party sales intermediaries could reduce our revenue or net earnings. Third-party sales intermediaries may also face financial difficulties, including bankruptcy, which could harm our collection of accounts receivable. Moreover, violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), the U.K. Bribery Act or similar anti-bribery laws by distributors or other third-party intermediaries could materially and adversely impact our business, reputation and results of operations. Risks related to our use of third-party sales intermediaries and other third parties may reduce sales, increase expenses and weaken our competitive position.

In addition, price increases from these suppliers, including as a result of any imposed tariffs, could have an adverse effect on the Company’s margins. A prolonged inability to obtain certain materials or components or a sustained material cost increase to source such materials and components could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations and could result in damage to its relationships with its customers and, accordingly, adversely affect the Company’s business.

The Company will explore alternative routes, transportation modes and the lead time for replenishment to preempt and mitigate risks associated with sourcing supply, but no assurance can be given that these efforts will adequately address these challenges and disruptions. While the Company intends to work with suppliers to ensure continuity of supply and service, no assurance can be given that these efforts will be successful. In addition, due to regulatory requirements relating to the qualification of suppliers, the Company may not be able to establish additional or replacement sources on a timely basis or without excessive cost. The termination, reduction or interruption in supply of these raw materials and components could adversely impact the Company’s ability to manufacture and sell certain of its products, which could have an adverse impact on its business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company’s sales would deteriorate if the Company’s outside contractors failed to provide necessary components or modules or develop certain intellectual property.

Certain components or modules of the Company’s LC and MS instruments are manufactured by outside contractors, including the manufacturing of LC instrument systems and related components by contract manufacturing firms in Singapore. The ability of these contractors to perform their obligations is largely outside of the Company’s control. Additionally, while the BDS Business’ intellectual property is and historically has been developed primarily by U.S. based employees (or has been acquired through historical acquisitions, strategic investments, joint ventures and/or divestitures), certain specialized development related to its intellectual property is performed by third-party contractors. Failure by these outside contractors to perform their obligations in a timely manner or at satisfactory quality levels could have an adverse effect on the supply chain and the financial results of the Company. In addition, if one or more of such contractors experience significant disruption in services or institute a significant price increase, the Company may have to seek alternative providers, its costs could increase and the delivery of its products could be prevented or delayed. A prolonged inability to obtain these components or modules could have an adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

The Company’s business could be harmed by actions of third-party sales intermediaries and other third parties that sell our products.

The Company sells some products through third parties, including third-party sales intermediaries and value-added resellers. This could expose us to various risks, including competitive pressure, concentration of sales volumes, credit risks and compliance risks. We may rely on one or a few key third-party sales intermediaries for a product or market and the loss of these third-party sales intermediaries could reduce our revenue or net earnings. Third-party sales intermediaries may also face financial difficulties, including bankruptcy, which could harm our collection of accounts receivable. Moreover, violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”), the U.K. Bribery Act or similar anti-bribery laws by domestic or foreign distributors or other third-party intermediaries could materially and adversely impact our business, reputation and results of operations. Risks related to our use of third-party sales intermediaries and other third parties may reduce sales, increase expenses and weaken our competitive position.

The Company derives a portion of its revenue from direct and indirect sales to U.S. federal, state and local as well as foreign governments and their respective agencies, and, as a result, it is subject to various statutes and regulations that apply to companies doing business with the government. The laws governing government contracts differ from the laws governing private contracts and government contracts may contain pricing terms and conditions that are not applicable to private contracts. The Company is also subject to investigation for compliance with the regulations governing government contracts. A failure to comply with these regulations could result in suspension of these contracts, criminal, civil and administrative penalties or debarment, which could negatively impact the Company’s business and operations. If the Company’s government contracts are terminated, if it is suspended from government work or if its ability to compete for new contracts is adversely affected, the Company’s business could be negatively impacted.

~~The~~29 ~~Company’s financial results are subject to unexpected shifts in pre-tax income between tax jurisdictions, changing application of tax law and tax audit examinations.~~

The Company is subject to rates of income tax that range from 0% up to 34% in various jurisdictions in which it conducts business. In addition, the Company typically generates a substantial portion of its income in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. Geographical shifts in income from previous quarters’ projections caused by factors including, but not limited to, changes in volume and product mix and fluctuations in foreign currency translation rates, could therefore have potentially significant favorable or unfavorable effects on the Company’s income tax expense, effective tax rate and results of operations.

Governments in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates implement changes to tax laws and regulations from time to time. Starting in 2024, various foreign jurisdictions are beginning to implement aspects of the guidance issued by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development related to the new Pillar Two system of global minimum tax rules. These new tax laws and regulations, and any changes in corporate income tax rates or regulations regarding transfer pricing or repatriation of dividends or capital, as well as changes in the interpretation of existing tax laws and regulations, could adversely affect the Company’s cash flow and lead to increases in its overall tax burden, which would negatively affect the Company’s profitability. These changes in tax law did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows in 2024. As of the date of this Annual Report, the Company does not anticipate that the Pillar Two tax rules will have a material impact on future periods.

The Company entered into a new Development and Expansion Incentive in Singapore that provides a concessionary income tax rate of 5% on certain types of income for the period April 1, 2021 through March 31, 2026. Prior to April 1, 2021, the Company had a tax exemption in Singapore on certain types of income, based upon the achievement and continued satisfaction of certain operational and financial milestones, which the Company met as of December 31, 2020 and maintained through March 2021. The Company had determined that it was more likely than not to realize the tax exemption in Singapore and, accordingly, did not recognize any reserves for unrecognized tax benefits on its balance sheet related to this tax exemption. If any of the milestone targets were not met, the Company would not have been entitled to the tax exemption on income earned in Singapore dating back to the start date of the agreement (April 1, 2016), and all the tax benefits previously recognized would be reversed, resulting in the recognition of income tax expense equal to the statutory tax of 17% on income earned during that period.

As a global business, the Company is subject to tax audit examinations in various jurisdictions throughout the world. The Company must manage the cost and disruption of responding to governmental audits, investigations and proceedings. In addition, the impact of the settlement of pending or future tax audit examination could have an unfavorable effect on the Company’s income tax expense, effective tax rate and results of operations.

and conditions that are not applicable to private contracts. The Company is also subject to investigation for compliance with the regulations governing government contracts. A failure to comply with these regulations could result in suspension of these contracts, criminal, civil and administrative penalties or debarment, which could negatively impact the Company’s business and operations. If the Company’s government contracts are terminated, if it is suspended from government work or if its ability to compete for new contracts is adversely affected, the Company’s business could be negatively impacted.

The Company’s financial results may be subject to changing application of tax law and tax audit examinations.

Governments in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates implement changes to tax laws and regulations from time to time. In 2024 and 2025, various foreign jurisdictions implemented aspects of the guidance issued by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development related to the Pillar Two system of global minimum tax rules. These tax laws and regulations, and any changes in corporate income tax rates or regulations regarding transfer pricing or repatriation of dividends or capital, as well as changes in the interpretation of existing tax laws and regulations, could adversely affect the Company’s cash flow and lead to increases in its overall tax burden, which would negatively affect the Company’s profitability. These changes in tax law did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, result of operations and cash flows in 2025.

The Company has a Development and Expansion Incentive in Singapore that provides a concessionary income tax rate of 5% on certain types of income for the period April 1, 2021 through March 31, 2026. The Company has determined that it is more likely than not to realize the tax incentive in Singapore and, accordingly, has not recognized any reserves for unrecognized tax benefits on its balance sheet related to this tax incentive. If any of the milestone targets are not met, the Company will not be entitled to the tax exemption on income earned in Singapore dating back to the start date of the agreement (April 1, 2021), and all the tax benefits previously recognized would be reversed, resulting in the recognition of income tax expense equal to the statutory tax of 17% on income earned during that period.

On July 4, 2025, the U.S. government enacted the One Big Beautiful Tax Bill Act (“OBBBA”), enacting changes to the United States federal tax code, including adjustments to effective tax rates on certain types of income and certain deduction limitations. While the OBBBA did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for 2025, the Company will continue to monitor the impact of the OBBBA in future periods.

The Company may be required to recognize impairment charges for our goodwill and other intangible assets.

As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the net carrying value of the Company’s goodwill and other intangible assets totaled approximately $1.9 billion. The ~~Wyatt~~BDS ~~acquisition~~Business Acquisition is expected to significantly ~~increased~~increase the carrying value of the Company’s goodwill and other intangible assets, which could lead to potential impairments if ~~Wyatt~~the Company’s financial results are significantly less than anticipated in the future. In accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), the Company periodically assesses ~~these~~acquired assets to determine if they are impaired. Significant negative industry or economic trends, disruptions to the Company’s business, inability to effectively integrate acquired businesses, unexpected significant changes or planned changes in use of our assets, changes in the structure of our business, divestitures, market capitalization declines or increases in associated discount rates can impair the Company’s goodwill and other intangible assets. Any charges relating to such impairments adversely affect the Company’s financial statements in the periods recognized.

changes in use of our assets, changes in the structure of our business, divestitures, market capitalization declines or increases in associated discount rates can impair the Company’s goodwill and other intangible assets. Any charges relating to such impairments may adversely affect the Company’s financial statements in the periods recognized.

RISKS RELATED TO HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

WeThe ~~may~~Company’s ~~not~~success beis ~~able~~highly dependent on qualified and sufficient staffing. Our failure to attract ~~and~~or retain qualified ~~employees~~personnel, including our senior management team and technical personnel, could lead to a loss of revenue or profitability.

Our future success depends, in part, upon the continued service of our executive officers and other key management and technical personnel, ~~and~~(such onas ~~our~~research ~~ability~~and ~~to continue to identify~~development, ~~attract,~~technical ~~retain~~sales and ~~motivate~~support, ~~them.~~field ~~Implementing our business strategy requires specialized engineering and other talent~~service, asprecision ~~our~~chemistry ~~revenues are highly dependent on technological~~ and ~~product~~instrument ~~innovations. The market for employees in our industry is extremely competitive~~manufacturing, ~~and~~quality ~~competitors for talent~~assurance, ~~particularly~~regulatory ~~engineering talent~~compliance, ~~increasingly attempt to hire~~finance, and toglobal ~~varying degrees have been successful in hiring~~marketing), ~~our employees. A number of such competitors for talent are significantly larger than us~~ and ~~are able to offer compensation in excess of what we are able to offer. Additionally, macroeconomic conditions, including wage inflation, could have a material impact~~ on our ability to ~~attract~~continue ~~and~~to ~~retain~~identify, ~~talent~~attract, ~~our~~retain ~~turnover rate~~ and ~~the~~motivate ~~cost of operating our business~~them. ~~During~~The ~~2024 and 2023~~skills, ~~the~~experience ~~Company made organizational changes to better align its resources with its growth~~ and ~~innovation~~industry ~~strategies,~~contacts ~~resulting in a worldwide workforce reduction that impacted approximately 5%~~ of the Company’s ~~employees.~~senior ~~These~~management ~~workforce~~team ~~reductions~~significantly may not have the desired impact on our cost-saving initiatives, as they could adversely affect our productivity, morale, customer relationships, product quality, innovation capabilities and ability to execute our strategic plans. Moreover, these workforce reductions could expose us to potential litigation, severance costs, reputational damage and loss of key personnel. If we are unable to manage the effects of these workforce reductions or achieve the expected benefits ~~from~~its ~~them, our business, financial condition and results of~~ operations ~~could be materially~~ and ~~adversely affected~~administration. ~~Further,~~The ~~existing~~failure ~~immigration laws make it more difficult for us~~ to ~~recruit~~attract ~~and~~or retain ~~highly~~members ~~skilled foreign national graduates~~ of ~~universities in~~ the ~~United~~Company’s ~~States,~~senior ~~making~~management ~~the~~team ~~pool~~and ofkey ~~available~~ talent ~~even~~could ~~smaller.~~have Ifa wenegative ~~are~~effect ~~unable~~on tothe ~~attract~~Company’s ~~and~~operating ~~retain qualified employees, our business may be harmed~~results.

Implementing our business strategy requires specialized engineering and other talent, as our revenues are highly dependent on technological and product innovations. The ~~loss~~market for employees in our industry is extremely competitive, and competitors for talent, particularly engineering talent, increasingly attempt to hire, and to varying degrees have been successful in hiring, our employees. A number of ~~key~~such ~~members~~competitors for talent may be significantly larger than us and may be able to offer compensation in excess of ~~management~~what we are able to offer. Additionally, macroeconomic conditions, including wage inflation, could have a material impact on our ability to attract and retain talent, our turnover rate and the ~~risks~~cost ~~inherent~~of operating our business. During 2024 and 2023, the Company made organizational changes to better align its resources with its growth and innovation strategies, resulting in ~~succession~~a ~~planning~~worldwide ~~could~~workforce ~~adversely~~reduction ~~affect~~that impacted approximately 5% of the Company’s ~~results~~employees. ofThese ~~operations~~workforce orreductions ~~financial~~may ~~condition~~not have the desired impact on our cost-saving initiatives, as they could adversely affect our productivity, morale, customer relationships, product quality, innovation capabilities and ability to execute our strategic plans.

~~The~~Moreover, ~~operation~~these ofworkforce ~~the~~reductions ~~Company~~could ~~requires~~expose ~~managerial~~us ~~and~~to ~~operational~~potential ~~expertise.~~litigation, ~~None~~severance ofcosts, ~~the~~reputational ~~Company’s~~damage ~~key~~and ~~management~~loss ~~employees,~~of ~~with~~key ~~the~~personnel. ~~exception~~If ofwe ~~the~~are ~~Chief~~unable ~~Executive~~to ~~Officer~~manage ~~and~~the ~~Chief~~effects ~~Financial~~of ~~Officer,~~these ~~have~~workforce anreductions ~~employment~~or ~~contract~~achieve ~~with~~ the ~~Company~~expected ~~and~~benefits ~~there~~from ~~can~~them, beour nobusiness, ~~assurance~~financial ~~that~~condition ~~such~~and ~~individuals~~results ~~will~~of ~~remain~~operations ~~with~~could ~~the~~be ~~Company.~~materially ~~If,~~and ~~for~~adversely ~~any~~affected. ~~reason~~Further, ~~other~~existing ~~key~~immigration ~~personnel~~laws domake ~~not~~it ~~continue~~more todifficult befor ~~active~~us into ~~management,~~recruit ~~the~~and ~~Company’s~~retain ~~results~~highly ofskilled ~~operations~~foreign ornational ~~financial~~graduates ~~condition~~of ~~could~~universities bein ~~adversely~~the ~~affected.~~United ~~The~~States, ~~Company’s~~making ~~success~~the ~~also~~pool ~~depends~~of onavailable ~~its~~talent ~~ability~~even tosmaller. ~~execute~~If ~~leadership~~we ~~succession~~are ~~plans.~~unable ~~The inability~~ to ~~successfully~~attract ~~transition~~and ~~key~~retain ~~management~~qualified ~~roles~~employees, ~~could~~our ~~have~~business amay ~~material~~be ~~adverse effect on the Company’s operating results~~harmed.

The Company may be subject to labor disruptions.

Certain foreign employees of the Company are represented by works councils, unions or similar non-U.S. employee representative bodies in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Brazil, Spain, China, Israel, Japan, Mexico and other foreign jurisdictions. Strikes, work slowdowns, work stoppages or the possibility of such actions in such jurisdictions could result in delays in production or cause the Company to incur higher costs. The Company may also lack practical control over the negotiations and terms of the agreements governing the employees’ labor.

RISKS RELATED TO CYBERSECURITY AND DATA PRIVACY

The Company relies on its technology infrastructure and that of its third-party partners, including its software and banking partners, among other functions, to interact with suppliers, sell products and services, fulfill contract

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obligations, ship products, collect and make electronic wire and check based payments and otherwise conduct business. The Company’s technology infrastructure and that of its third-party partners has been, and may in the future be, vulnerable to damage or interruption from, but not limited to, natural disasters, power loss, telecommunication failures, terrorist attacks, computer viruses, ransomware, unauthorized access to customer or employee data, unauthorized access to and funds transfers from Company bank accounts and other attempts to harm the Company’s systems. The risk of damage or interruption to technology infrastructure as a result of cyber-attacks has generally increased as the number, intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks from around the world have increased, including through state-sponsored actors and/or the use of artificial intelligence.

In the event of such an incident, the Company ~~has in the past, and~~ may ~~in the future,~~ suffer interruptions in service, loss of assets or data or reduced functionality. The Company attempts to mitigate cybersecurity risks by employing a number of proactive measures, including mandatory ongoing employee training and awareness, technical security controls, enhanced data protection and maintenance of backup and protective systems. Despite these mitigation measures, the Company’s systems and those of its partners remain potentially vulnerable to cybersecurity threats, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business. To date, we have not experienced any cybersecurity incidents that have ~~not~~ resulted in a material adverse impact to the Company’s business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition, but future incidents could have such an impact. Additionally, the Company must maintain and periodically upgrade its information and web-based systems, which has caused and will in the future cause temporary interruptions to its technology infrastructure. Any prolonged disruption to the Company’s technology infrastructure, at any of its facilities, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. While the Company maintains cyber insurance, this insurance may not, however, be sufficient to cover the financial, legal, business or reputational losses that may result from an interruption or breach of its systems.

Any prolonged disruption to the Company’s technology infrastructure, at any of its facilities, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. While the Company maintains cyber insurance, this insurance may not, however, be sufficient to cover the financial, legal, business or reputational losses that may result from an interruption or breach of its systems.

The Company is in the business of designing, manufacturing, selling and servicing analytical instruments to life science, pharmaceutical, biochemical, industrial, nutritional safety and environmental, academic and governmental customers working in research and development, quality assurance and other laboratory applications, and the Company is also a developer and supplier of software and software-based products that support instrument systems. Many of the Company’s customers are in highly regulated industries. While the Company has invested time and resources implementing measures designed to protect the integrity and security of its technology infrastructure, research and development processes, manufacturing operations, products and services, and the internal and external data managed by the Company, there is a risk these measures will be defeated or compromised or that they are otherwise insufficient to protect against existing or emerging threats. The Company has also ~~has~~completed ~~acquired~~acquisitions, ~~companies~~including the BDS Business Acquisition, and there are inherent risks associated with integrating products, services, technologies and ~~technologies~~workforces ~~over~~into ~~time~~the ~~and~~business of the Company. The Company may face ~~inherent~~such ~~risk~~risks when integrating ~~these~~the ~~acquisitions~~BDS Business into ~~the~~its ~~Company~~existing business. In addition, at times, the Company faces attempts by third parties to defeat its security measures or exploit vulnerabilities in its systems. These risks will increase as the Company continues to grow and expand geographically, and its systems, products and services become increasingly digital and sensor- and web-based.

The Company could suffer significant damage to its brand and reputation if a security incident resulted in unauthorized access to, acquisition of, or modification to the Company’s technology infrastructure, research and development processes, manufacturing operations, its products and services as well as the internal and external data managed by the Company. Such an incident could disrupt the Company’s operations and customers could lose confidence in the Company’s ability to deliver quality and reliable products or services. This could negatively impact sales and could increase costs related to fixing and addressing these incidents and any

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lose confidence in the Company’s ability to deliver quality and reliable products or services. This could negatively impact sales and could increase costs related to fixing and addressing these incidents and any vulnerabilities exposed by them, as well as to lawsuits, regulatory investigations, claims or legal liability including contractual liability, costs and expenses owed to customers and business partners.

The Company is subject to varying data privacy laws and regulations, and a violation of such laws and regulations could have a negative impact on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

The Company is subject to varying data privacy laws and regulations related to the collection, storage and transmission of personal data in jurisdictions including the United States, the European Union and the United Kingdom, among others. The legal and regulatory landscape relating to data privacy is continuously changing, and there has been an increased emphasis on developing and enforcing privacy and data protection laws. In addition to regulatory consequences, any failure to protect personal data may damage the Company’s reputation or relationships with its customers, employees and partners. Safeguarding personal data and complying with related laws and regulations creates significant costs for the Company, and a failure to comply could result in legal liability, regulatory action or reputational harm, which could adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

RISKS RELATED TO COMPLIANCE, REGULATORY OR LEGAL MATTERS

Changes in governmental regulations and compliance failures could harm the Company’s business.

The Company is subject to regulation by various federal, state and foreign governments and agencies in areas including, among others, health and safety, antitrust, fraud and abuse (including anti-kickback and false claims laws), import/export, privacy and data protection, ~~FCPA~~anti-bribery and environmental laws and regulations. A portion of the Company’s operations are subject to regulation by the FDA and similar foreign regulatory agencies. Regulations govern an array of product activities, including design, development, labeling, manufacturing, promotion, sales and distribution. These regulations are complex and can change frequently (including as a result of changes in interpretation of existing regulations). In particular, significant political shifts in any of the countries in which the Company conducts business, including the United States, may result in regulatory uncertainty and substantial changes in the regulatory regimes to which the Company is subject. For example, the ~~new~~current presidential administration and regulatory leadership in the United States may propose, enact or pursue policy, regulatory and enforcement changes that create additional uncertainty for our business. Any failure by the Company to comply with applicable governmental regulations could result in product recalls, the imposition of fines, restrictions on the Company’s ability to conduct or expand its operations or the cessation of all or a portion of its operations. Additionally, the Company develops, configures and markets its products and services to meet customer needs created by these regulations, and any significant change in regulations could reduce demand for its products, increase its expenses or otherwise materially impact its financial position and results of operations.

Regulators globally are increasingly imposing greater fines and penalties for privacy and data protection violations, and the European Union, as an example, has enacted a broad data protection regulation with fines based on a percentage of global revenues. Changes in laws or regulations associated with enhanced protection of certain sensitive types of personal information, such as information related to health, could greatly increase the cost of compliance and the cost of providing the Company’s products or services. Further, these laws and regulations require the Company to embed privacy, security and data protection requirements in all assets impacting the processing of personal data and could also require the Company to modify current or future products or services, which may harm the Company’s future financial results. More recently, privacy and data protection regulators are paying special attention to emerging issues linked to new digital technologies, such as the use of AI, biometrics and surveillance technologies, which pose unique challenges to existing privacy and data protection paradigms. Any failure, or perceived failure, by the Company to comply with laws and regulations on privacy, data security or consumer protection, or other policies, public perception, standards, self-regulatory requirements or legal obligations, could result in lost or restricted business, proceedings, actions or fines brought against the Company or levied by governmental entities or others, or could otherwise adversely affect the business and harm the Company’s reputation.

~~Some~~33 of the Company’s operations are subject to domestic and international laws and regulations with respect to the manufacturing, handling, use or sale of toxic or hazardous substances. This requires the Company to devote substantial resources to maintain compliance with those applicable laws and regulations. If the Company fails to comply with such requirements in the manufacturing or distribution of its products, it could face civil and/or criminal penalties and potentially be prohibited from distributing or selling such products until they are compliant.

Some of the Company’s operations are subject to domestic and international laws and regulations with respect to the manufacturing, handling, use or sale of toxic or hazardous substances. This requires the Company to devote substantial resources to maintain compliance with those applicable laws and regulations. If the Company fails to comply with such requirements in the manufacturing or distribution of its products, it could face civil and/or criminal penalties and potentially be prohibited from distributing or selling such products until they are compliant.

Some of the Company’s products are also subject to the rules of certain industrial standards bodies, such as the International Standards Organization. The Company must comply with these rules, as well as those of other agencies, such as the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Failure to comply with such rules could result in the loss of certification and/or the imposition of fines and penalties, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations.

Increasing global protectionism also impedes the Company’s ability to compete with local companies. The Company may not be able to participate in certain public tenders in China, India and Russia because of increasing measures to restrict access to such tenders for companies without local manufacturing capabilities. Such regulations could adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

As a publicly traded company, the Company is subject to the rules of the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange. In addition, the Company must comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley regulations, which require the Company to establish and maintain adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s efforts to comply with such laws and regulations are time consuming and costly. While we continue to enhance our controls, we cannot be certain that we will be able to prevent future significant deficiencies or material weaknesses. Failure to comply with such regulations or having inadequate internal controls could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and operations, which could cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and could have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock and our access to capital.

The Company is subject to the rules of the SEC under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, which require disclosure as to whether certain materials (tantalum, tin, gold and tungsten), known as conflict minerals, which may be contained in the Company’s products, are mined from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and adjoining countries. In 2023, the Company was not able to determine with certainty the country of origin of some of the conflict minerals in its manufactured products. However, the Company does not have knowledge that any of its conflict minerals originated from the Democratic Republic of the Congo or adjoining countries. The Company is in the process of evaluating its 2024 supply chain, and the Company plans to file its 2024 Form SD with the SEC in May 2025. The results of this and future evaluations may impose additional costs and may introduce new risks related to the Company’s ability to verify the origin of any conflict minerals contained in its products.

The Company may be harmed by improper conduct of any of our employees, agents or business partners.

We cannot provide assurance that our internal controls and compliance systems will always protect the Company from acts committed by employees, agents or business partners that would violate domestic and international laws, including laws governing payments to government officials, bribery, fraud, kickbacks and false claims, pricing, sales and marketing practices, conflicts of interest, competition, export and import compliance, money laundering and data privacy. In particular, the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act and similar anti-bribery laws generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business, and we operate in many parts of the world that have experienced governmental corruption to some degree. Any such improper actions or allegations of such acts could damage our reputation and subject us to civil or criminal investigations in the U.S. and in other jurisdictions and related shareholder lawsuits, could lead to substantial civil and criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties and could cause us to incur significant legal and investigatory fees. In addition, the government may seek to hold us liable as a successor for violations committed by companies in which we invest or that we acquire. We also rely on our suppliers to adhere to our supplier standards of conduct and material violations of such standards of conduct could occur that could have a material effect on our business, reputation and financial statements. In addition, any allegations of issues resulting from the misuse of our products could, even if untrue, adversely affect our reputation and our customers’ willingness to purchase products from us. Any such allegations could cause us to lose customers and divert our resources from other tasks, which could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.

~~Environmental,~~Sustainability ~~social and corporate governance (“ESG”)~~ issues, including those related to climate change ~~and sustainability~~, may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and damage our reputation.

There is anshifting ~~increasing~~ focus from certain investors, customers, consumers, employees and other stakeholders concerning ~~ESG~~sustainability matters. Additionally, public interest and legislative pressure related to public ~~companies’ ESG~~

2434

companies’ sustainability practices continue to grow. If our ~~ESG~~sustainability practices fail to meet regulatory requirements or investor, customer, consumer, employee or other stakeholders’ evolving expectations and standards for responsible corporate citizenship in areas including environmental stewardship and sustainability, support for local communities, ~~director and employee diversity,~~ human capital management, employee health and safety practices, product quality, supply chain management, corporate governance and transparency, our reputation, brand and employee retention may be negatively impacted, and our customers and suppliers may be unwilling to continue to conduct business with us.

Customers, consumers, investors and other stakeholders ~~are~~continue ~~increasingly~~to ~~focusing~~focus on environmental issues, including climate change, energy and water use, plastic waste and other sustainability concerns. Concern over climate change or plastics and packaging materials, in particular, may result in new or increased legal and regulatory requirements to reduce or mitigate impacts to the environment. Changing customer and consumer preferences or increased regulatory requirements may result in increased demands or requirements regarding plastics and packaging materials, including single-use and non-recyclable plastic products and packaging, other components of our products and their environmental impact on sustainability, or increased customer and consumer concerns or perceptions (whether accurate or inaccurate) regarding the effects of substances present in certain of our products. Complying with these demands or requirements could cause us and companies in our supply chain to incur additional manufacturing, operating or product development costs.

If we do not adapt to or comply with new regulations, or fail to meet evolving investor, industry or stakeholder expectations and concerns regarding ~~ESG~~sustainability issues, investors may reconsider their capital investment in our Company, and customers and consumers may choose to stop purchasing our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business or financial condition.

From time to time, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to or otherwise responsible for a variety of litigation and other legal and regulatory proceedings in the ordinary course of business, as well as regulatory subpoenas, requests for information, investigations and enforcement. Defending or otherwise responding to these matters can divert the Company’s management’s attention and may cause it to incur significant expenses. The Company believes it has meritorious arguments in its current litigation matters and believes any outcome, either individually or in the aggregate, will not be material to the Company’s financial position or results of operations. However, each of these matters is subject to uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters may be resolved unfavorably to the Company.

Defending or otherwise responding to these matters can divert the Company’s management’s attention and may cause it to incur significant expenses. The Company believes it has meritorious arguments in its current litigation matters and believes any outcome, either individually or in the aggregate, will not be material to the Company’s financial position or results of operations. However, each of these matters is subject to uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters may be resolved unfavorably to the Company. Unfavorable resolution with respect to any of these matters could have an adverse effect on the business, results of operations and financial condition of the Company.

The Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”) include exclusive forum provisions, which could limit shareholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with the Company or its respective directors, officers or employees.

The Bylaws require that, unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, to the fullest extent permitted by law, shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on the Company’s behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by, or other wrongdoing by, any directors, officers, employees or agents to the Company or to the Company’s shareholders, creditors or other constituents, or a claim of aiding and abetting any such breach of fiduciary duty, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Company or its directors or other employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Charter”), or the Bylaws, (iv) any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of the Charter or the Bylaws, (v) any action asserting a claim against the Company or its directors or officers or other employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine, or (vi) any action asserting an

“internal corporate claim” as that term is defined in Section 115 of the DGCL. Such exclusive forum provision will not apply to any action or proceeding asserting a claim under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. The enforceability of similar choice-of-forum provisions in other companies’ bylaws has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that, in connection with claims arising under federal securities laws or otherwise, a court could find the exclusive forum provision contained in the Bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable.

The exclusive forum provisions in the Bylaws may limit the ability of a shareholder to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with the Company or its directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits. Alternatively, if a court were to find the exclusive forum provisions contained in the Bylaws to be inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings mentioned above, the Company may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, shareholders who do bring a claim in a state or federal court located within the State of Delaware could face additional litigation costs in pursuing any such claim, particularly if they do not reside in or near Delaware. Furthermore, the court located in the State of Delaware may reach different judgments or results than would other courts, including courts where a shareholder would otherwise choose to bring the action, and such judgments or results may be more favorable to the Company than to its shareholders.

The Charter and Bylaws contain certain provisions that will limit the ability of shareholders of the Company to take certain actions, and that could delay or discourage takeover attempts that shareholders may consider favorable.

The Charter and the Bylaws contain certain provisions that may discourage, delay, or prevent a change of control with respect to the Company or changes to the Board of Directors or management. These provisions are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices or inadequate takeover bids. However, they may also discourage, prevent or delay acquisitions that the Board of Directors deems undesirable but some shareholders may favor and therefore may make the Company’s securities less attractive for investors or may depress the trading price of the Company’s common stock. These provisions could also make it difficult for shareholders to take certain actions, including electing directors who are not nominated by the then-current members of the Board of Directors. Among other things, the Charter and the Bylaws include provisions regarding:

•

the requirement that any action required or permitted to be taken by the Company’s shareholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of shareholders and may not be effected by written consent in lieu of a meeting;

•

the requirement that a special meeting of the Company’s shareholders may only be called by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors or the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, or by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer or the Company’s Secretary at the request in writing of shareholders holding at least 50% of the number of shares of stock outstanding and entitled to vote at such meeting;

•

advance notice procedures which the Company’s shareholders must comply with to nominate candidates to the Board of Directors or to propose matters to be acted upon at a shareholders’ meeting;

•

the right of the Board of Directors to elect a director to fill a vacancy created by the resignation, death or removal of a director or resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors;

•

the ability of the Board of Directors to amend the Bylaws; and

•

the ability of the Board of Directors to issue shares of preferred stock (in one or more series) and to establish the number of shares to be included in each such series, and to fix the designations, powers, preferences, and rights of the shares of each such series, and any qualifications limitations, or restrictions thereof, without shareholder approval, subject to any limitations imposed by the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange.

In addition, as a Delaware corporation, the Company will generally be subject to provisions of Delaware law, including the DGCL. For more details regarding Delaware law provisions that limit the ability of

shareholders of the Company to take certain actions, see the section entitled “Anti-takeover Effects of the Delaware General Corporation Law and Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws” in the Description of Registrant’s Securities. filed as Exhibit 4.1 of this Annual Report.

GENERAL RISK FACTORS

The effects of climate change could harm the Company’s business.

The Company’s manufacturing processes for certain of its products involve the use of chemicals and other substances that are regulated under various international, federal, state and local laws governing the environment. In the event that any future climate change legislation would require that stricter standards be imposed by domestic or international environmental regulatory authorities with respect to the use and/or levels of possible emissions from such chemicals and/or other substances, the Company may be required to make certain changes and adaptations to its manufacturing processes. Any such changes could have a material adverse effect on the financial statements of the Company.

Another potential effect of climate change is an increase in the severity of global weather conditions. The Company’s manufacturing facilities are located in the U.S., the U.K., Ireland, Germany, the Netherlands, Canada, China, Spain and ~~Germany~~Japan. In addition, the Company manufactures a growing percentage of its HPLC, UPLC and MS products in both Singapore and Ireland. Severe weather and geological conditions or events, including earthquakes, hurricanes and/or tsunamis, could potentially cause significant damage to the Company’s manufacturing facilities in each of these countries. The effects of such damage and the resulting disruption of manufacturing operations and the impact of lost sales could have a material adverse impact on the financial results of the Company.

Estimates and assumptions made in accounting for the Company’s results from operations are dependent on future results, which involve significant judgments and may be imprecise and may differ materially from actual results.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with ~~generally~~U.S. ~~accepted~~GAAP ~~accounting principles~~ requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent liabilities at the dates of the financial statements. These estimates and assumptions must be made due to certain information used in preparation of our financial statements which is dependent on future events, cannot be calculated with a high degree of precision from data available or is not capable of being readily calculated based on generally accepted methodologies. The Company believes that the accounting related to revenue recognition, goodwill and intangible assets, income taxes, uncertain tax positions, litigation, business combinations and asset acquisitions and inventory valuation involves significant judgments and estimates. Actual results for all estimates could differ materially from the estimates and assumptions used, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Accounting related to revenue recognition, goodwill and intangible assets, income taxes, uncertain tax positions, litigation, business combinations and asset acquisitions and inventory valuation involves significant judgments and estimates. Actual results for all estimates could differ materially from the estimates and assumptions used, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

The Company’s financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by changes to the Company’s retirement plans or retirement plan assets.

The Company sponsors various retirement plans, both inside and outside the United States. ~~Any~~Therefore, any changes in regulations made by governments in countries in which the Company sponsors retirement plans could adversely impact the Company’s cash flows or results of operations. In connection with these retirement plans, the Company is exposed to market risks associated with changes in the various capital markets. For example, changes in long-term interest rates affect the discount rate that is used to measure the Company’s retirement plan obligations and related expense. In addition, changes in the market value of investments held by the retirement plans could materially impact the funded status of the retirement plans and affect the related pension expense and level and timing of contributions required under applicable laws.

~~The~~37 ~~Company’s financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected if the Company is unable to maintain a sufficient level of cash flow.~~

The Company had $1.6 billion in debt and $325 million in cash, cash equivalents and investments as of December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the Company also had the ability to borrow an additional $1.6 billion from its existing, committed credit facility. All but a small portion of the Company’s debt was in the U.S. There is a substantial cash requirement in the United States to fund operations and capital expenditures, service debt interest obligations, finance potential United States acquisitions and continue authorized stock repurchase programs. As such, the Company’s financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted if the Company is unable to generate and maintain a sufficient level of cash flow to address these requirements through (1) cash from operations, (2) the Company’s ability to access its existing cash and revolving credit facility, (3) the ability to expand the Company’s borrowing capacity and (4) other sources of capital obtained at an acceptable cost.

Debt covenants, and the Company’s failure to comply with them, could negatively impact the Company’s capital and financial results.

The Company’s existing debt is, and future debt may be, subject to restrictive debt covenants that limit the Company’s ability to engage in certain activities that could otherwise benefit the Company. These debt covenants include restrictions on the Company’s ability to enter into certain contracts or agreements, which may limit the Company’s ability to make dividend or other payments, secure other indebtedness, enter into transactions with affiliates and consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the Company’s assets. The Company is also required to meet specified financial ratios under the terms of the Company’s debt agreements. The Company’s ability to comply with these financial restrictions and all other covenants is dependent on the Company’s future performance, which is subject to, but not limited to, prevailing economic conditions and other factors, including factors that are beyond the Company’s control, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates, changes in technology and changes in the level of competition. Failure to comply with restrictive debt covenants that are not waived or cured could result in an event of default under the applicable debt instrument, which could permit acceleration of the applicable debt and require the Company to prepay the debt before its scheduled due date.

Item 1B: Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 1B:

Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 1C:

Cybersecurity

We maintain a robust system of data protection and cybersecurity resources, technology and processes. We regularly evaluate new and emerging risks and ever-changing legal and compliance requirements. We make strategic investments to address these risks and legal and compliance requirements to keep Company, customer and employee data secure. We monitor risks of sensitive information compromise at our business partners where relevant and reevaluate these risks on a periodic basis. We also perform annual and ongoing cybersecurity training and awareness for our employees.

We have a longstanding information security risk management framework structured according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework, industry best practices, privacy legislation and other global and local standards and regulations. This risk management framework is under the specific oversight of the Company’s Vice President and Chief Information Officer (the “CIO”) and includes a

defense-in-depth

approach with multiple layers of security controls, including network segmentation, security monitoring, endpoint protection and identity and access management, as well as data protection best practices and data loss prevention controls. Our Audit and Finance Committee is updated on the overall performance of our information security risk management framework on an annual basis by the CIO.

Our cybersecurity awareness program includes regular phishing simulations, annual general cybersecurity awareness, and data protection modules, as well as more contextual and personalized modules for targeted users and roles. We also perform simulations and drills at both a technical and leadership level at least annually. We incorporate external expertise and guidance in all aspects of our cybersecurity program. We complete annual internal security audits and vulnerability assessments of the Company’s information systems and related controls, including systems affecting personal data. In addition, we leverage cybersecurity specialists to complete annual external audits and objective assessments of our cybersecurity program and practices, including our data protection practices, as well as to conduct targeted attack simulations. We continually enhance our information security capabilities in order to protect against emerging threats, while also increasing our ability to detect and respond to cyber incidents and maximize our resilience to recover from potential cyber-attacks. We have a robust incident response plan in place that provides a documented playbook for responding to cybersecurity incidents and facilitates coordination across multiple parts of our Company. Additionally, we have purchased network security and cyber liability insurance in order to provide a level of financial protection, should a data breach occur.

Despite the existence of mitigation measures, the Company’s systems and those of its partners remain potentially vulnerable to cybersecurity threats, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business. To date, cybersecurity incidents have not resulted in a material adverse impact to the Company’s business strategy, results of operations and financial condition, but future incidents could have such an impact. See Item 1A, Risk Factors - Risks Related to Cybersecurity and Data Privacy.

The Board of Directors oversees the Company’s information security risk management framework that seeks to identify new risks, develop and implement risk mitigation plans, and monitor the results affecting the Company’s business and operations on an ongoing basis. The CIO manages this framework, in collaboration with the Company’s businesses and functions. The CIO presents updates to the Audit and Finance Committee at least annually and, as necessary, to the full Board of Directors. These reports include detailed updates on the Company’s performance preparing for, preventing, detecting, responding to and recovering from cyber incidents. The CIO also promptly informs and updates the Board of Directors about any information security incidents that may pose significant risk to the Company. The Company’s program is periodically evaluated by external experts, and the results of those reviews are reported to the Audit and Finance Committee and the Board of Directors. Together with management, the Audit and Finance Committee reviews the Company’s risk assessment and risk management practices and discusses major cybersecurity risk exposures as well as steps taken by management to monitor and control such exposures.

Table of Contents

The Company’s Vice President and Chief Information Officer has over 24 years of business experience managing risks from cybersecurity threats/developing and implementing cybersecurity policies and procedures, as well as several relevant certifications.

The Company’s Vice President and Chief Information Officer has over 25 years of business experience managing risks from cybersecurity threats/developing and implementing cybersecurity policies and procedures, as well as several relevant certifications.

Item 2: Properties

Waters Corporation operates 1920 United States facilities and 6870 international facilities, including field offices. The Company believes its facilities are suitable and adequate for its current production level and for reasonable growth over the next several years. The Company’s primary facilities are summarized in the table below. for the year ended December 31, 2025:

Primary Facility Locations (1)

Location	Function (2)		~~Owned/Leased~~	Owned/Leased
Golden, CO	~~M, R, S, D, A~~	M, R, S, D, A	~~Owned~~	Owned
New Castle, DE	~~M, R, S, D, A~~	M, R, S, D, A	~~Owned~~	Owned
Franklin, MA	D	D	~~Leased~~	Leased
Milford, MA	~~M, R, S, A~~	M, R, S, A	~~Owned~~	Owned
Taunton, MA	~~M, R~~	M, R	~~Owned~~	Owned
Cambridge, MA	~~R, S~~	R, S	~~Leased~~	Leased
Eden Prairie, MN	~~M, R, S, D, A~~	M, R, S, D, A	~~Leased~~	Leased
Lindon, UT	~~M, R, S, D, A~~	M, R, S, D, A	~~Leased~~	Leased
Santa Barbara, CA	~~M, R, S, D, A~~	M, R, S, D, A	~~Leased~~	Leased
Beijing, China	~~S, A~~	S, A	~~Leased~~	Leased
Shanghai, China	~~R, S, A~~	R, S, A	~~Leased~~	Leased
Birmingham, England	~~M, A~~	M, A	~~Owned~~	Owned
Wilmslow, England	~~M, R, S, D, A~~	M, R, S, D, A	~~Owned~~	Owned
St. Quentin, France	~~S, A~~	S, A	~~Leased~~	Leased
Hüllhorst, Germany	~~M, R, S, D, A~~	M, R, S, D, A	~~Owned~~	Owned
Wexford, Ireland	~~M, R, D, A~~	M, R, D, A	~~Owned~~	Owned
Bangalore, India	~~M, R, S, D, A~~	R, S, D, A	~~Owned/Leased~~	Owned/Leased
Etten-Leur, Netherlands	~~S, D, A~~	S, D, A	~~Owned~~	Leased
Brasov, Romania	~~R, A~~	R, A	~~Leased~~	Leased
Singapore	~~R, S, D, A~~	R, S, D, A	~~Leased~~	Leased

(1)	The Company operates more than one primary facility within certain states and foreign countries.

(2)	M = Manufacturing; R = Research; S = Sales and Service; D = Distribution; A = Administration

The Company operates and maintains 910 field offices in the United States and 5557 field offices abroad in addition to sales offices in the primary facilities listed above. The Company’s field office locations are listed below for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Field Office Locations (3)

United States International ~~Costa Mesa~~Burlingame, CA Australia Hong Kong People’s Republic of China ~~Pleasanton~~Costa Mesa, CA Austria India Portugal ~~Wood Dale~~Pleasanton, ILCA Belgium Ireland Poland ~~Carmel~~Wood Dale, INIL Brazil Israel Puerto Rico ~~Woburn~~Carmel, MAIN Canada Italy Spain ~~Columbia~~Woburn, MDMA Czech Republic Japan Sweden ~~Morrisville~~Columbia, NCMD Denmark Korea Switzerland ~~Parsippany~~Morrisville, NJNC Finland Malaysia Taiwan ~~Bellaire~~Parsippany, TXNJ France Mexico United Arab Emirates Plymouth Meeting, PA Germany Netherlands United Kingdom Hungary Norway

(3)	The Company operates more than one field office within certain states and foreign countries.

Item 3: Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company and its subsidiaries are involved in various lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings covering a wide range of matters that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes it has meritorious arguments in its current litigation matters and believes any outcome, either individually or in the aggregate, will not be material to the Company’s financial position or results of operations. However, each of these matters is subject to uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters may be resolved unfavorably to the Company.

Item 4: Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

3140

PART II

Item 5:

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The Company’s common stock is registered under the Exchange Act and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “WAT”. As of February 2119, ~~2025~~2026, the Company had 655,058 common stockholders of record. The Company has not declared or paid any dividends on its common stock in its past three fiscal years and does not intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will be made at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on restrictions and other factors the Board of Directors may deem relevant. The Company has not made any sales of unregistered equity securities in the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023.

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

Equity compensation plan information is incorporated by reference from Part III, Item 12, Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters, of this document and should be considered an integral part of this Item 5.

3241

Stock Price Performance Graph

The following performance graph and related information shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference into such filing.

The following graph compares the cumulative total return on $100 invested as of December 31, ~~2019~~2020 (the last day of public trading of the Company’s common stock in fiscal year ~~2019~~2020) through December 31, ~~2024~~2025 (the last day of public trading of the common stock in fiscal year ~~2024~~2025) in the Company’s common stock, the NYSE Market Index, the SIC Code 3826 Index and the S&P 500 Index. The return of the indices is calculated assuming reinvestment of dividends during the period presented. The Company has not paid any dividends since its IPO. The stock price performance shown on the graph below is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

COMPARISON OF CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN SINCE DECEMBER 31, ~~2019~~2020

AMONG WATERS CORPORATION, NYSE MARKET INDEX, SIC CODE 3826 INDEX – LABORATORY ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS AND S&P 500 INDEX

LOGO

	2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024
	2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
WATERS CORPORATION		100.00		~~105~~150.8959		~~159~~138.4746		~~146~~133.6207		~~140~~149.9194		~~158~~153.7852
NYSE MARKET INDEX		100.00		~~106~~120.9968		~~129~~109.1139		~~117~~124.0446		~~133~~144.1612		~~154~~169.1962
SIC CODE INDEX		100.00		~~128~~126.8955		~~161~~85.6453		~~107~~76.9141		9671.1456		8969.9503
S&P 500 INDEX		100.00		~~118~~128.4071		~~152~~105.3940		~~124~~133.7910		~~157~~166.5940		~~197~~196.0216

3342

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

The following table provides information about purchases by the Company during the three months ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025 of equity securities registered by the Company under the Exchange Act (in thousands, except per share data):

Period	TotalNumber ofSharesPurchased (1)		AveragePrice Paidper Share		Total Number ofShares Purchasedas Part of PubliclyAnnouncedPrograms		Maximum DollarValue of SharesThat May Yet BePurchasedUnder thePrograms (2in thousands)
September 29, 2024 to October 26, 2024		—	$	—		—	$	961,207
September 28, 2025 to October 25, 2025		81	$	289.43		—	$	961,207
October 27, 2024 to November 23, 2024		—	$	—		—	$	961,207
October 26, 2025 to November 22, 2025		91	$	345.95		—	$	961,207
November 24, 2024 to December 31, 2024		—	$	—		—	$	961,207
November 23, 2025 to December 31, 2025		236	$	377.12		—	$	961,207
Total		—408	$	—352.76		—	$	961,207

(1) ~~The~~All ~~Company~~shares repurchased ~~fewer~~as ~~than~~referenced ~~one~~in ~~thousand~~the ~~shares~~table ofabove ~~common stock at a cost of less than $1 million~~ related to the vesting of restricted stock during the three months ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025.

~~(2)~~43 In December 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the extension of the existing share repurchase program through January 21, 2028. The Company’s remaining authorization is $1.0 billion. The size and timing of these purchases, if any, will depend on our stock price and market and business conditions, as well as other factors.

Item 6: Reserved

Item 7: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Business Overview

The Company has two operating segments: Waters™ and TA™. Waters products and services primarily consist of high-performance liquid chromatography (“HPLC”), ultra-performance liquid chromatography (“UPLC™” and, together with HPLC, referred to as “LC”), mass spectrometry (“MS”), light scattering and field-flow fractionation instruments (Wyatt), and precision chemistry consumable products and related services. TA products and services primarily consist of thermal analysis, rheometry and calorimetry instrument systems and service sales. The Company’s products are used by pharmaceutical, biochemical, industrial, nutritional safety, environmental, academic and government customers. These customers use the Company’s products to detect, identify, monitor and measure the chemical, physical and biological composition of materials and to predict the suitability and stability of fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, water, polymers, metals and viscous liquids in various industrial, consumer goods and healthcare products. ~~Operations of the recently acquired Wyatt business are part of the Waters operating segment.~~

~~Wyatt~~ Acquisition of BD Biosciences & Diagnostic Solutions Businesses

On ~~May~~February 169, ~~2023~~2026, the Company completed the acquisition of ~~Wyatt~~the ~~Technology,~~BDS ~~LLC and its three operating subsidiaries, Wyatt Technology Europe GmbH, Wyatt Technology France and Wyatt Technology UK Ltd~~Business. ~~(collectively,~~The ~~“Wyatt”),~~transaction ~~for~~was astructured ~~total~~as ~~purchase price of $1.3 billion in cash. Wyatt is~~ a ~~pioneer~~Reverse inMorris ~~innovative~~Trust ~~light scattering and field-flow fractionation instruments~~transaction, ~~software,~~where ~~accessories~~the ~~and~~BDS ~~services.~~Business ~~The~~was ~~acquisition~~spun ~~has~~off ~~expanded~~to ~~Waters’~~BD ~~portfolio~~shareholders and ~~increased~~simultaneously ~~our~~merged ~~exposure to large molecule applications. The Company financed this transaction~~ with a ~~combination~~wholly-owned subsidiary of ~~cash~~the ~~on its balance sheet and borrowings under its revolving credit facility~~Company. The ~~Company’s~~2025 financial results ~~for the year ended December 31, 2024 include the financial results~~ of ~~Wyatt for~~ the ~~full~~BDS ~~year,~~Business ~~while~~are ~~the~~not ~~financial~~included ~~results~~in ~~for~~ the ~~year ended December 31, 2023 only included seven-and-a-half months of Wyatt~~Company’s 2025 consolidated financial results aspresented ~~the closing of the acquisition occurred during the second quarter of 2023~~herein.

Tariffs

The Company sells and services its customers in over 35 countries outside of the U.S. and we have manufacturing operations in the U.S., Ireland, U.K. and in Singapore where we utilize subcontractors with worldwide capabilities. In 2025, the U.S. government issued varying levels of tariffs on all imported goods into the U.S., including a baseline 10% tariff, subject to certain exceptions, which have also prompted retaliatory tariffs by a number of countries, including tariffs and export restrictions on certain manufacturing components imposed by China and tariffs pursuant to trade agreements the U.S. has entered into with certain countries. In addition, a number of new tariffs have been threatened, and the U.S. and other countries continue to negotiate trade arrangements and tariff levels. In August 2025, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit ruled against certain of the U.S. tariffs that have been implemented. On February 20, 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court rendered a decision invalidating tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. This decision introduces uncertainty regarding potential refund processes and future trade policy actions and could affect the Company’s cost structure and supply chain planning. The Company continues to monitor developments around the Supreme Court’s decision and evaluate its potential impact on the Company’s future financial results and business.

These tariffs, any resulting retaliatory tariffs and any related supply-chain disruptions could have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations and statement of cash flows. In response to currently applicable and potential future tariffs, the Company is continuing to evaluate and implement a series of actions and policies that are intended to offset a portion of the impact of the tariffs on the Company’s financial position and results of operations. While the Company believes that these actions and policies will mitigate a substantial portion of the impact of the tariffs, the Company cannot provide any assurances that the tariffs or any resulting impediments to trade will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations and statement of cash flows.

In addition to changes in trade policy, the new U.S. administration has implemented a number of other regulatory, policy and personnel changes, including the elimination, downsizing and reduced funding of certain government agencies and programs and the cancellation or delay of government contracts and research grants. In addition, the administration has changed the composition of and guidance from advisory panels on healthcare practices.

Financial Overview

The Company’s operating results are as follows for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 (dollars in thousands, except per share data):

	Year Ended December 31,									% change
	2024			2023			2022			2024 vs2023			2023 vs2022
	2025			2024			2023			2025 vs2024			2024 vs2023
Revenues:
Product sales	$	1,~~844~~977,~~176~~100		$	1,~~903~~844,~~050~~176		$	1,~~988~~903,~~169~~050			(37	%)		(43	%)
Service sales		1,~~114~~188,~~211~~186			1,~~053~~114,~~366~~211			~~983~~1,~~787~~053,366			67	%		76	%
Total net sales		23,~~958~~165,~~387~~286			2,~~956~~958,~~416~~387			2,~~971,~~956,416			—7	%		(1—	%)
Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of sales		1,~~200~~288,~~201~~822			1,~~195~~200,~~223~~201			1,~~248~~195,~~182~~223			—7	%		(4—	%)
Selling and administrative expenses		~~690~~830,~~148~~374			~~736~~690,~~014~~148			~~658~~736,~~026~~014			(620	%)		12(6	%)
Research and development expenses		~~183~~195,~~027~~711			~~174~~183,~~945~~027			~~176~~174,~~190~~945			57	%		(15	%)
Purchased intangibles amortization		47,~~090~~791			3247,~~558~~090			632,~~366~~558			451	%		~~411~~45	%
Acquired in-process research and development		—			—			9,797			*	*		*	*
Litigation provisions		—			11,568			—			*	*		*	*
Litigation provision		11,568			—			—			—			*	*
Operating income		802,588			826,353			817,676			(3	%)		1	%
Operating income		826,353			817,676			873,395			1	%		(6	%)
Operating income as a % of sales		25.4	%		27.9	%		27.7	%
Operating income as a % of sales		27.9	%		27.7	%		29.4	%
Other income, net		3,061			776			807			294	%		(4	%)
Other income, net		776			807			2,228			(4	%)		(64	%)
Interest expense, net		(50,771	)		(72,261	)		(82,240	)		(30	%)		(12	%)
Interest expense, net		(72,261	)		(82,240	)		(37,777	)		(12	%)		118	%
Income before income taxes		754,878			754,868			736,243			—			3	%
Income before income taxes		754,868			736,243			837,846			3	%		(12	%)
Provision for income taxes		112,249			117,034			94,009			(4	%)		24	%
Provision for income taxes		117,034			94,009			130,091			24	%		(28	%)
Net income	$	642,629		$	637,834		$	642,234			1	%		(1	%)
Net income	$	637,834		$	642,234		$	707,755			(1	%)		(9	%)
Net income per diluted common share	$	10.76		$	10.71		$	10.84			—			(1	%)
Net income per diluted common share	$	10.71		$	10.84		$	11.73			(1	%)		(8	%)

**	Percentage not meaningful

35The Company’s net sales increased 7% in 2025 following a flat performance in 2024 relative to 2023. The net sales growth in 2025 reflected strong customer demand for the Waters Division products and services across most major geographies, end markets and product lines. By contrast, 2024 sales were impacted by the 10% decline in China sales due to lower demand for our instrument systems and chemistry products as a result of increased government regulations and lower spending by our customers due to macroeconomic conditions. Foreign currency translation had a minimal impact on sales growth in 2025 and decreased sales growth by 1% in 2024.

Instrument system sales increased 5% in 2025 as compared to 2024 reflecting broad-based customer demand across most global regions. Instrument system sales declined 6% in 2024, primarily due to softer demand across most geographies and a 15% decrease in China instrument sales. Foreign currency translation had minimal impact on instrument system sales performance in both 2025 and 2024.

Recurring revenues (combined sales of precision chemistry consumables and services) increased 8% and 5% in 2025 and 2024, respectively. Service revenues increased 7% and 6% in 2025 and 2024, respectively. Chemistry sales growth increased 12% and 4% in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The double-digit chemistry sales growth can be attributed to the uptake in columns and application-specific testing kits to pharmaceutical customers. Foreign currency translation had a minimal impact on recurring revenues sales growth in 2025 and decreased sales growth by 1% in 2024.

Operating income of $803 million in 2025, decreased $23 million from the operating income of $826 million in 2024 primarily due to the impact of the higher sales volume, which was offset by the change in

~~The Company’s net~~ sales ~~were~~mix, ~~flat~~the inimpact ~~2024~~of asmerit ~~compared~~increases toon ~~2023 and decreased 1% in 2023 as compared to 2022 as~~ the Company’s ~~sales~~annual ~~growth~~payroll in ~~most~~2025 ~~major~~and ~~geographies~~approximately ~~was~~$82 million ~~offset~~of bytransaction, aintegration ~~10%~~ and aother ~~22%~~internal ~~reduction~~costs inassociated ~~sales~~with inthe ~~China,~~BDS ~~respectively~~Business Acquisition. ~~The~~In ~~decline~~addition, inoperating ~~China~~income ~~sales were primarily driven by lower demand~~ for ~~our~~2025 ~~instrument~~included ~~systems~~the ~~and~~impact ~~chemistry~~of ~~products~~$20 million ~~as a result~~ of ~~increased~~expenses ~~government~~associated ~~regulations~~with ~~and lower spending by our customers due to macroeconomic conditions. Excluding China,~~ the Company’s ~~sales~~new ~~growth~~ERP ~~increased~~system 2%implementation. ~~and~~The 5%effect inof ~~2024~~foreign ~~and 2023, respectively. Foreign~~ currency translation ~~decreased~~had ~~sales~~minimal ~~growth~~impact byon 1%operating inincome ~~both 2024 and 2023. Wyatt sales increased the Company’s sales growth by 1% and 3%~~ in ~~2024 and 2023, respectively~~2025.

~~Instrument~~Operating ~~system~~income ~~sales~~of ~~decreased~~$826 million 6% in 2024 asincreased ~~compared~~$8 million tofrom ~~2023~~operating ~~and~~income 7%of $818 million in 2023 asprimarily ~~compared~~due to ~~2022~~cost assavings afrom ~~result~~recent ofworkforce ~~weaker~~reductions ~~customer~~and ~~demand~~the inabsence ~~most~~of ~~geographies,~~the ~~driven~~$26 million ~~primarily~~severance bycosts ~~the~~associated ~~15%~~with ~~and~~the ~~30%~~workforce ~~decline~~reduction incurred in ~~our~~2023, ~~China~~which ~~instrument~~were ~~sales,~~offset ~~respectively.~~by ~~Excluding~~higher ~~China~~annual incentive compensation, ~~the~~a ~~Company’s~~full ~~instrument~~year ~~system~~of ~~sales~~amortization ~~declined~~associated 4%with inthe ~~2024~~Wyatt acquisition and ~~grew~~the 1%impact inof ~~2023.~~merit ~~Wyatt~~increases on the Company’s ~~instrument~~annual ~~system~~payroll ~~sales~~in ~~added~~2024. 2%In ~~and~~addition, 4%the tonegative ~~the~~effect ~~Company’s~~of ~~instrument~~foreign ~~system~~currency ~~sales~~translation ~~growth~~lowered inoperating ~~2024~~income ~~and~~by ~~2023,~~approximately ~~respectively~~$43 million during 2024.

~~Recurring~~The ~~revenues~~Company’s ~~(combined~~effective ~~sales~~tax ofrates ~~precision~~were ~~chemistry~~14.9%, ~~consumables and services) increased~~ 15.5% and 612.8% infor 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. ~~Foreign~~Net ~~currency~~income ~~translation~~per ~~decreased~~diluted ~~recurring~~share ~~revenues~~was ~~sales~~$10.76, ~~growth~~$10.71 byand 1%$10.84 in ~~both~~2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

~~Operating~~In ~~income was $826 million in 2024~~2025, ~~up from $818 million in 2023 as~~ the ~~cost~~Company’s ~~savings~~interest ~~from~~expense ~~recent~~included ~~workforce~~approximately ~~reductions and the absence of the~~ $2616 million inof ~~severance~~financing costs ~~associated with the workforce reduction~~ incurred ~~in 2023 were offset~~ by ~~higher~~the ~~annual~~Company ~~incentive~~on ~~compensation,~~behalf ~~a full year~~ of ~~amortization~~SpinCo ~~associated with the Wyatt acquisition and merit increases~~ in ~~2024.~~connection Inwith ~~addition,~~financing ~~foreign~~activities ~~currency~~related ~~translation~~to ~~lowered~~the ~~operating~~BDS ~~income~~Business ~~by $43 million~~Acquisition.

~~Operating~~The ~~income~~Company ofgenerated $~~818~~653 million, in$762 million ~~2023~~and ~~declined~~ $55603 million ~~from~~of ~~the~~net ~~operating~~cash ~~income~~flow offrom ~~$873 million~~operating activities in ~~2022~~2025, as2024 aand ~~result~~2023, ofrespectively. ~~the~~The ~~$26 million~~decrease ~~severance~~in ~~costs~~cash ~~associated~~flows ~~with~~from ~~the~~operating ~~workforce~~activities ~~reductions~~in ~~and~~2025 ~~the~~was driven by $24 million in additional ~~expenses~~tax payments associated with the ~~Wyatt~~final ~~acquisition~~2018 ~~relating~~Tax toReform ~~purchased~~Transition ~~intangible~~payment, ~~amortization of~~ $2752 million, ~~retention~~of ~~agreement~~ costs related to the implementation of ~~$19 million~~the ~~and~~Company’s ~~due~~new ~~diligence~~ERP ~~costs~~system ofand $1329 million. ~~These~~of ~~costs~~payments ~~were~~made ~~partially~~in ~~offset~~connection bywith ~~the~~transaction ~~cost~~and ~~savings~~integration ~~from~~costs associated with the ~~workforce~~BDS ~~reductions~~Business ~~and~~Acquisition. ~~lower~~The ~~electronic~~increase ~~components~~in ~~costs~~cash ~~and~~flows ~~freight~~from ~~costs.~~operating Inactivities ~~addition,~~in ~~the~~2024 ~~negative~~was ~~effect~~driven ofby ~~foreign~~lower ~~currency~~annual ~~translation~~incentive ~~lowered~~bonus ~~operating~~payments ~~income~~and byan ~~approximately~~improvement ~~$23 million~~in ~~during~~working capital compared to 2023.

~~The~~Net ~~Company’s~~cash ~~effective~~used ~~tax~~in ~~rates~~investing ~~were~~activities ~~15.5%~~included capital expenditures related to property, ~~12.8%~~plant, equipment and ~~15.5%~~software ~~for~~capitalization ~~2024~~of $113 million, ~~2023~~$142 million and ~~2022~~$161 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Net ~~income~~cash ~~per~~used ~~diluted~~in ~~share~~investing ~~was~~activities ~~$10.71,~~in ~~$10.84~~2025 ~~and~~also ~~$11~~included the payment related to the acquisition of Halo Labs.73 The decline in ~~2024,~~investing ~~2023~~activities in 2025 and ~~2022~~2024 was primarily due to the completion of the Company’s new manufacturing facilities. In 2023, ~~respectively~~net cash used in investing activities included $1.3 billion associated with the Wyatt acquisition.

~~The~~On May 22, 2025, the Company ~~generated~~and ~~$762 million~~certain of its subsidiaries, ~~$603 million~~as guarantors, entered into an Amendment and ~~$612 million~~Restatement Agreement in respect of ~~net~~that ~~cash~~certain ~~flow~~Amended ~~from~~and ~~operating~~Restated ~~activities~~Credit inAgreement, ~~2024~~dated as of September 17, 2021 and amended as of March 3, 2023, with the lenders and ~~2022~~issuing banks party thereto, ~~respectively~~and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., ~~The~~as ~~increase~~administrative inagent, ~~cash~~pursuant ~~flows~~to ~~from~~which ~~operating~~the ~~activities~~Company, inamong ~~2024~~other ~~was~~things, ~~driven~~reduced bythe ~~lower~~aggregate ~~annual~~total ~~incentive~~borrowing ~~bonus~~capacity ~~payments~~of ~~and~~its anexisting ~~improvement~~senior inunsecured ~~working~~revolving ~~capital~~credit infacility (the ~~current~~“Credit ~~year~~Facility”) by up to $200 million for an aggregate principal amount of up to $1.8 billion. The ~~decrease~~Credit inFacility ~~2023~~will ~~operating~~mature ~~cash~~on ~~flow~~May 22, ~~was~~2030 ~~primarily~~subject ato ~~result~~the ofCompany’s ~~lower~~ability ~~sales~~to ~~volumes~~request, ~~higher~~subject ~~income~~to ~~tax~~customary ~~payments~~conditions, ~~and~~a ~~higher~~one-year ~~incentive~~extension ~~compensation~~to ~~payments~~which ineach ~~2023~~lender asmay, ~~compared~~in toits ~~2022~~discretion, agree.

~~Net~~In ~~cash~~connection ~~used~~with inthe ~~investing~~BDS ~~activities~~Business ~~included~~Acquisition, ~~capital~~on ~~expenditures~~January ~~related~~8, to2026, ~~property~~SpinCo entered into a Term Loan Credit Agreement with the lenders named therein, ~~plant~~Barclays Bank PLC, ~~equipment~~as administrative agent (the “Agent”), and ~~software~~the ~~capitalization~~other ofparties party thereto (the “SpinCo Credit Agreement”). On February 6, 2026 (the “Funding Date”), SpinCo borrowed $~~142 million~~4.0 billion of unsecured term loans under the SpinCo Credit Agreement, consisting of a $~~161~~3.5 ~~million~~billion tranche which will mature and be payable in full 364 days after the Funding Date (“Tranche A”) and a $~~176~~ 500 million intranche ~~2024,~~which ~~2023~~will mature and ~~2022~~be payable in full on the second anniversary of the Funding Date (“Tranche B”), ~~respectively.~~and ~~The~~such ~~decline~~funds inwere ~~2024~~used isby ~~primarily~~SpinCo ~~due~~on the Funding Date to finance the ~~completion~~SpinCo Cash Distribution. Upon consummation of the ~~Company’s~~BDS ~~new~~Business ~~manufacturing~~Acquisition, ~~facilities~~all of this indebtedness was assumed by Waters. InTranche ~~addition,~~A ~~net~~is ~~cash~~expected ~~used~~to inbe ~~investing~~refinanced ~~activities~~with inlong-term ~~2023~~bond ~~included~~financing, ~~$1.3 billion~~while ~~for~~Tranche ~~the~~B ~~Wyatt~~is ~~acquisition~~expected to be repaid prior to maturity.

In46 July 2024, the Company entered into a private Master Note Facility Agreement (the “Shelf Agreement”) with NYL Investors LLC (“NYL”) pursuant to which the Company may, at its option, authorize the issuance and sale of senior promissory notes (the “Shelf Notes”) up to an aggregate principal amount of $200 million. The purchase of any Shelf Notes is in the sole discretion of NYL. Any Shelf Notes sold or issued pursuant to the Shelf Agreement will mature no more than 15 years after the issuance date and will bear interest on the unpaid balance from the issuance date at the rates specified in the Shelf Agreement.

In December 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the extension of the existing share repurchase program through January 21, 2028. The Company’s remaining authorization is $1.0 billion. The Company believes that it has the financial flexibility to fund these share repurchases, as well as to invest in research, technology and business acquisitions to further grow the Company’s sales and profits, given current cash and investment levels and debt borrowing capacity.

Results of Operations

Sales by Geography

Geographic sales information is presented below for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,						% change
	2024		2023		2022		2024 vs.2023			2023 vs.2022
	2025		2024		2023		2025 vs.2024			2024 vs.2023
Net Sales:
Asia:
China	$	~~396~~437,~~599~~468	$	~~440~~396,~~707~~599	$	~~565~~440,~~143~~707		(10	%)		(2210	%)
Japan		157,321		167,202		167,220		(6	%)		—
Asia Other		602,929		572,623		567,118		5	%		1	%
Asia Other		415,302		399,916		399,380		4	%		—
Total Asia		1,040,397		969,222		1,007,825		7	%		(4	%)
Total Asia		969,222		1,007,825		1,131,743		(4	%)		(11	%)
Americas:
United States		~~933~~965,~~926~~782		~~927~~933,~~982~~926		~~886~~927,~~140~~982		13	%		51	%
Americas Other		~~181~~195,~~854~~731		~~180~~181,~~591~~854		~~169~~180,~~495~~591		18	%		71	%
Total Americas		1,~~115~~161,~~780~~513		1,~~108~~115,~~573~~780		1,~~055~~108,~~635~~573		14	%		51	%
Europe		~~873~~963,~~385~~376		~~840~~873,~~018~~385		~~784~~840,~~578~~018		410	%		74	%
Total net sales	$	23,~~958~~165,~~387~~286	$	2,~~956~~958,~~416~~387	$	2,~~971,~~956,416		—7	%		(1—	%)

In ~~2024~~2025, sales growth ~~was~~increased ~~flat~~by 7% as compared to ~~2023~~2024. ~~and~~Sales ~~sales~~growth ~~declined~~was byflat 1% in ~~2023~~2024 as compared to ~~2022~~2023. ~~During these periods~~Geographically, the ~~Company’s~~2025 sales inincrease ~~most~~was ~~geographies~~broad ~~grew~~based ~~positively,~~across ~~except~~most inmajor ~~China~~regions and ~~Japan.~~led ~~The~~by the sales growth ~~outside~~in of China ~~was~~and ~~led~~Europe bywhich ~~India~~both ~~where~~grew ~~sales increased 15~~10%. ~~and~~In ~~2% in~~ 2024 ~~and 2023~~, ~~respectively.~~ China’s sales ~~declined~~decreased by 10% and ~~22%~~Europe’s insales ~~2024~~increased ~~and~~4%. ~~2023,~~Sales ~~respectively,~~in ~~and~~the ~~were~~U.S. ~~primarily~~increased ~~driven~~3% byin ~~lower~~2025 ~~demand~~and ~~for~~1% ~~our~~in ~~instrument~~2024, ~~systems~~while ~~and~~sales ~~chemistry~~in ~~products~~Asia ~~resulting~~Other ~~from~~ increased ~~government~~5% ~~regulations~~ and ~~lower~~1% ~~spending~~in by2025 ~~our~~and ~~customers~~2024, ~~due to macroeconomic conditions~~respectively. ~~Excluding~~Foreign ~~China,~~currency ~~the~~translation ~~Company’s~~had ~~sales~~a ~~increased~~minimal 2%overall ~~and~~impact 5%on in2025 ~~2024~~sales ~~and~~growth ~~2023,~~as ~~respectively.~~the ~~Foreign~~6% favorable currency ~~translation~~impact ~~decreased~~on Europe sales ~~growth~~was offset by 1a 5% inunfavorable ~~both~~impact ~~2024~~on ~~and~~Asia ~~2023~~sales. ~~Wyatt~~Foreign ~~sales~~currency ~~increased~~translation ~~the~~decreased ~~Company’s~~ sales growth by 1% ~~and 3%~~ in 2024 ~~and 2023, respectively, and added 3% to the U~~.S. ~~sales.~~

In 2024, sales increased 1% in the U.S. and 4% in Europe, while decreasing 4% in Asia, with the effect of foreign currency translation increasing sales growth in Europe by 1% and decreasing sales growth in Asia by 4%. The decrease in Asia sales growth is driven by the decline in China’s sales and the effect of foreign currency translation which decreased Japan’s sales growth by 7%.

In47 2023, sales increased 5% in the U.S. and 7% in Europe, while decreasing 11% in Asia, with the effect of foreign currency translation increasing sales growth in Europe by 2% and decreasing sales growth in Asia by 4%, which includes a 9% decrease in sales in Japan resulting from foreign currency translation. Wyatt’s sales contributed 5% and 3% of sales growth to the U.S. and Europe in 2023, respectively.

Sales by Trade Class

Net sales by customer class are presented below for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,						% change
	2024		2023		2022		2024 vs.2023			2023 vs.2022
	2025		2024		2023		2025 vs.2024			2024 vs.2023
Pharmaceutical	$	1,~~718~~873,~~899~~362	$	1,~~696~~718,~~875~~899	$	1,~~751~~696,~~665~~875		19	%		(31	%)
Industrial		~~908~~961,~~486~~154		~~909~~908,~~003~~486		909,~~805~~003		—6	%		—
Academic and government		~~331~~330,~~002~~770		~~350~~331,~~538~~002		~~310~~350,~~486~~538		(6—	%)		13(6	%)
Total net sales	$	23,~~958~~165,~~387~~286	$	2,~~956~~958,~~416~~387	$	2,~~971,~~956,416		—7	%		(1—	%)

In ~~2024~~2025, sales to pharmaceutical customers increased 19% as compared to ~~2023~~2024, asdriven ~~the~~by ~~18%~~sales ~~increase~~growth in ~~India’s~~most ~~sales~~regions. ~~was~~Foreign ~~offset~~currency bytranslation ~~the~~had ~~11%~~a ~~decline~~minimal inimpact ~~China’s~~on pharmaceutical sales growth in 2025. Combined sales to industrial customers, which include material characterization, food, environmental and fine chemical markets, ~~were~~increased ~~flat~~6% in ~~2024~~2025, asprimarily driven by the 7%broad-based sales growth in most regions except for the U.S., ~~was~~where ~~primarily~~industrial ~~offset~~sales declined by ~~a 9~~5% ~~decline~~on inlower ~~China’s~~demand ~~sales.~~for ~~Combined~~TA ~~sales~~instrument tosystems. ~~academic~~Foreign ~~and~~currency ~~government~~translation ~~customers~~had ~~decreased~~a 6%minimal inimpact ~~2024~~on asindustrial sales ~~declined~~ in ~~most~~2025. ~~major~~Combined ~~geographies,~~sales ~~except~~to ~~for~~academic ~~Europe~~ and ~~India~~government ~~where~~customers ~~sales~~were ~~grew~~flat 1%in ~~and 27%~~2025, ~~respectively.~~as ~~Sales~~sales togrowth ~~our~~in ~~academic~~the Americas and ~~government~~China ~~customers~~was ~~are~~offset ~~highly~~by ~~dependent~~declines onin ~~when~~Asia ~~institutions~~Other. ~~receive~~Foreign ~~funding~~currency totranslation ~~purchase~~in ~~our~~2025 ~~instrument~~increased ~~systems~~academic and, asgovernment ~~such,~~ sales ~~can~~growth ~~vary~~by ~~significantly from period to period~~1%.

In ~~2023~~2024, sales to pharmaceutical customers ~~decreased~~increased 31%, ~~primarily~~as ~~driven~~compared byto ~~weakness in customer demand in China~~2023, ~~with~~as ~~foreign~~the ~~currency~~18% ~~translation~~increase ~~decreasing~~in ~~pharmaceutical~~India’s sales ~~growth~~was offset by 1%the ~~and Wyatt sales contributing 3~~11% todecline ~~the~~in ~~Company~~China’s ~~pharmaceutical~~ sales ~~growth~~. Combined sales to industrial customers, which include material characterization, food, environmental and fine chemical markets, were flat in ~~2023,~~2024 ~~with~~as ~~foreign~~the ~~currency~~7% ~~translation~~sales ~~decreasing~~growth ~~industrial~~in ~~sales~~the ~~growth~~U.S. bywas 1%primarily ~~and~~offset ~~Wyatt~~by ~~contributing~~a 19% todecline ~~industrial~~in ~~sales~~China’s ~~growth~~sales. Combined sales to academic and government customers ~~increased~~decreased 136% in ~~2023~~2024, ~~with~~as ~~foreign~~sales ~~currency~~declined ~~translation~~in ~~decreasing~~most ~~academic~~major geographies, except in Europe and ~~government~~India, where sales ~~growth~~grew by 1% and ~~Wyatt~~27%, ~~sales~~respectively. ~~contributing~~Sales 4% to our academic and government customers are highly dependent on when institutions receive funding to purchase our instrument systems and, as such, sales ~~growth~~can vary significantly from period to period.

Waters Products and Services Net Sales

Net sales for Waters products and services were as follows for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,															% change
	2024		% ofTotal			2023		% ofTotal			2022		% ofTotal			2024 vs.2023			2023 vs.2022
	2025		% ofTotal			2024		% ofTotal			2023		% ofTotal			2025 vs.2024			2024 vs.2023
Waters instrument systems	$	1,~~032~~101,~~493~~826		4039	%	$	1,~~108~~032,~~702~~493		4340	%	$	1,~~210~~108,~~456~~702		4643	%		(7	%)		(87	%)
Chemistry consumables		~~565~~631,~~481~~458		2123	%		~~541~~565,~~469~~481		2021	%		~~525~~541,~~399~~469		20	%		412	%		34	%
Total Waters product sales		1,~~597~~733,~~974~~284		6162	%		1,~~650~~597,~~171~~974		6361	%		1,~~735~~650,~~855~~171		6663	%		(38	%)		(53	%)
Waters service		1,~~006~~080,~~447~~162		3938	%		~~951~~1,~~419~~006,447		3739	%		~~890~~951,~~607~~419		3437	%		67	%		76	%
Total Waters net sales	$	2,~~604~~813,~~421~~446		100	%	$	2,~~601~~604,~~590~~421		100	%	$	2,~~626~~601,~~462~~590		100	%		—8	%		(1—	%)

Waters products and service sales ~~were~~increased ~~flat~~8% and ~~decreased~~were byflat 1% in ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively, with the effect of foreign currency translation ~~decreasing~~having ~~Waters~~a ~~sales~~minimal ~~growth~~impact byon ~~1% in both 2024 and 2023. Wyatt sales increased~~ Waters ~~products and service~~ sales bygrowth ~~approximately 1%~~ in ~~2024.~~2025 ~~Waters~~and ~~instrument~~decreasing ~~system~~ sales ~~(LC~~growth ~~and MS technology-based) decreased 7% in 2024, primarily driven~~ by ~~weaker customer demand in China where Waters instrument sales declined 12~~1%. ~~Excluding China, the Company’s instrument system sales decreased 4% as compared to 2023. In addition, Wyatt’s instrument system sales contributed 3% to Waters instrument system sales growth~~ in 2024. ~~Waters chemistry consumables sales growth was due to the continued~~

38Waters instrument system sales (LC and MS technology-based) increased 7% in 2025, primarily driven by higher customer demand for our instrument systems. The effect of foreign currency translation had a minimal impact on sales growth for 2025.

Waters chemistry consumables’ double-digit sales growth was due to the continued demand in most major geographies driven by the uptake in columns and application-specific testing kits to pharmaceutical customers,. ~~partially~~Foreign ~~offset~~currency byhad ~~weaker~~a ~~demand~~minimal ~~in China and the negative~~ impact ~~from~~on ~~foreign currency translation, which decreased~~ chemistry sales growth ~~by 1%~~ in ~~2024~~2025.

Waters service sales increased 67% in ~~2024~~2025 due to higher service demand billing, ~~partially~~in ~~offset~~most bymajor ~~the negative impact from foreign currency translation~~regions, which ~~decreased~~was ~~service~~minimally ~~sales~~impacted ~~growth~~ by 1%foreign incurrency ~~2024.~~translation ~~Wyatt service revenues added 1% to Waters service revenue growth~~ in ~~2024~~2025.

In ~~2023~~2024, Waters products and service sales ~~decreased~~were 1%flat, with the effect of foreign currency translation decreasing Waters sales growth by 1% ~~in 2023~~. ~~Wyatt products and service sales increased Waters products and service sales by approximately 3% in 2023.~~

Waters instrument system sales ~~(LC and MS technology-based)~~ decreased 87% in ~~2023~~2024, primarily driven by weaker customer demand in China where Waters instrument sales declined 12%. Excluding China, the Company’s instrument system sales ~~were~~decreased ~~flat~~4% as compared to ~~2022~~2023. In addition, Wyatt’s instrument system sales contributed 53% to Waters instrument system sales growth in ~~2023~~2024. Waters chemistry consumables sales ~~were significantly impacted by the lower customer demand in China for our products. Excluding China, the Company’s chemistry sales grew 7% in 2023. This sales~~ growth was ~~primarily~~ due to the continued ~~strong~~ demand in most major geographies, driven by the uptake in columns and application-specific testing kits to pharmaceutical customers, partially offset by weaker demand in China and the negative impact from foreign currency translation, which decreased chemistry sales growth by 1% in ~~2023~~2024. Waters service sales increased 76% in ~~2023~~2024 due to higher service demand billing, partially offset by the negative impact from foreign currency translation, which decreased service sales growth by 1% in ~~2023~~2024. Wyatt service revenues added 21% to Waters service revenue growth in ~~2023~~2024.

TA Product and Services Net Sales

Net sales for TA products and services were as follows for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,															% change
	2024		% ofTotal			2023		% ofTotal			2022		% ofTotal			2024 vs.2023			2023 vs.2022
	2025		% ofTotal			2024		% ofTotal			2023		% ofTotal			2025 vs.2024			2024 vs.2023
TA instrument systems	$	~~246~~243,~~202~~816		7069	%	$	~~252~~246,~~879~~202		7170	%	$	252,~~314~~879		7371	%		(31	%)		—(3	%)
TA service		~~107~~108,~~764~~024		3031	%		~~101~~107,~~947~~764		2930	%		93101,~~180~~947		2729	%		6—	%		96	%
Total TA net sales		~~353~~351,~~966~~840		100	%		~~354~~353,~~826~~966		100	%		~~345~~354,~~494~~826		100	%		—(1	%)		3—	%

TA instrument system and service sales growth ~~was~~decreased ~~flat and grew 3~~1% in ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023,~~was ~~respectively~~flat in 2024. Foreign currency translation had minimal impact on sales growth in 2025 and decreased sales growth by 1% ~~and~~in ~~had~~2024. aIn ~~minimal~~2025, ~~impact~~double-digit on sales growth in ~~2023~~Asia, which was offset by weakness in the U.S., was primarily driven by strong customer demand for our thermal analysis and rheology instrument systems and services. In 2024, sales growth was broad-based across most major geographies, partially offset by ~~weakness in~~ China. The growth outside of China was primarily driven by strong customer demand for our thermal analysis instruments and services.

Cost of Sales

~~Cost~~In 2025, cost of sales ~~were~~increased ~~flat~~7% ~~in 2024~~ as compared to ~~2023~~2024, primarily due to ~~the~~higher ~~change in~~ sales ~~mix and the impact of foreign exchange~~volume. In ~~2023~~2024, cost of sales ~~decreased~~were 4%flat as compared to ~~2022~~2023, primarily due to the change in sales mix and the ~~lower~~impact ~~material~~of ~~and~~foreign ~~freight costs~~exchange.

Cost of sales is affected by many factors, including, but not limited to, foreign currency translation, product mix, product costs of instrument systems and amortization of software platforms. At current foreign currency exchange rates, the Company expects foreign currency translation to be ~~negative~~neutral to gross profit during ~~2025~~2026.

Selling and Administrative Expenses

Selling and administrative expenses ~~decreased~~increased 620% and ~~increased~~decreased 126% in ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively,. asThe ~~the~~increase ~~cost savings from the recent workforce reductions and the absence of costs incurred~~ in ~~the~~2025 ~~prior~~is ~~year~~primarily ~~relating~~due to ~~severance~~an ~~charges~~increase in ~~connection~~costs associated with ~~the~~merit ~~2023~~compensation ~~workforce~~to ~~reduction and~~ the ~~Wyatt~~Company’s ~~acquisition-related due diligence costs were partially offset by an increase in annual incentive compensation expenses.~~

~~The~~49 increase in 2023 is primarily driven by severance-related costs in connection with a reduction in workforce, which increased expenses by 4%; the Wyatt acquisition due diligence and integration costs, which increased expenses by 2%; and the Wyatt acquisition-related retention expense, which increased expenses by 3%. These increases were partially offset by lower incentive compensation costs. The increase in selling and administrative expenses in 2023 as compared to 2022 can be attributed to higher salary merit and variable incentive compensation costs due to an increase in the number of employees. The effect of foreign currency translation had minimal impact on selling and administrative expenses in 2024 and 2023.

AsTable a percentage of net sales, selling and administrative expenses were 23.3%, 24.9% and 22.1% for 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Contents

employees as well as $81 million of transaction, integration and other internal costs associated with the BDS Business Acquisition. In addition, selling and administrative expenses for 2025 included $20 million of expenses associated with the Company’s new ERP system implementation.

The decrease in 2024 is primarily driven by cost savings from the recent workforce reductions and the absence of costs incurred in the prior year relating to severance charges in connection with the 2023 workforce reduction and the Wyatt acquisition-related due diligence costs which were partially offset by an increase in annual incentive compensation expenses.

As a percentage of net sales, selling and administrative expenses were 26.2%, 23.3% and 24.9% for 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses increased 57% and ~~decreased 1~~5% in ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively. The increase in research and development expenses in ~~2024~~2025 can be attributed to increases from costs associated with merit compensation to the Company’s employees and costs associated with new products and the development of new technology initiatives~~, being partially offset by lower incentive compensation costs~~. The impact of foreign currency exchange ~~increased~~decreased expenses by 31% and ~~decreased~~increased expenses by 13% in ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively.

Purchased Intangibles Amortization

Purchased intangibles amortization increased 1% in 2025. The increase in purchased intangible amortization of $15 million ~~and $26 million~~ in 2024 ~~and 2023, respectively,~~ can be attributed to the timing of the Wyatt acquisition in May of 2023 as 2024 includes a full year of the amortization from the Wyatt acquisition intangible assets.

Litigation Provisions

The Company ~~incurred~~recorded $12 million of patent litigation settlement provisions ofand related costs in 2024,. ~~primarily~~No ~~related~~litigation toprovisions awere ~~patent~~recorded ~~litigation~~by ~~settlement~~the Company in 2025.

Acquired In-Process Research & Development

In 2022, the Company completed an asset acquisition in which the CDMS technology assets of Megadalton were acquired for approximately $10 million in total purchase price, of which $5 million was paid at closing and the remaining $4 million will be paid in the future at various dates through 2029.

Other (Expense) Income, net

In 2022, the Company sold an equity investment for $10 million in cash and recorded a gain on the sale of approximately $7 million in other income, net on the statement of operations. The Company also incurred $6 million in losses on an equity investment in 2022 within other income, net on the statement of operations.

Interest Expense, net

~~Net~~Interest ~~interest~~ expense , net in ~~2024~~2025 decreased $1021 million as compared to ~~2023~~2024, ~~due~~primarily as a result of lower average outstanding debt as compared to ~~the~~2024. The average outstanding debt in these periods ~~being~~was impacted by the timing of the ~~borrowings~~repayment toof ~~fund~~outstanding debt associated with the Wyatt acquisition. Additionally, ~~which~~$16 million ~~closed~~of incosts ~~May~~were ~~2023,~~incurred asby ~~well~~the asCompany ~~the~~on ~~timing~~behalf of ~~the~~SpinCo ~~repayment~~in ofconnection ~~$1 billion~~with offinancing ~~debt~~fees ~~since~~associated ~~the~~with ~~completion~~financing ofactivities related to the ~~acquisition~~BDS Business Acquisition.

~~Net~~Interest ~~interest~~ expense, net in ~~2023~~2024 ~~increased~~decreased $4410 million as compared to ~~2022~~2023 due to the ~~additional~~average ~~borrowings~~outstanding debt in these periods being impacted by the ~~Company~~timing of the borrowings to fund the Wyatt acquisition, which closed in May 2023, as well as timing of the repayment of $1 billion of debt since the completion of the Wyatt acquisition.

Provision for Income Taxes

The four principal jurisdictions in which the Company manufactures are the U.S., Ireland, the U.K. and Singapore, where the statutory tax rates were 21%, 12.5%, 25% and 17%, respectively, as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025. The Company has a ~~new~~ Development and Expansion Incentive in Singapore that provides a concessionary income tax rate of 5% on certain types of income for the period April 1, 2021 through March 31, 2026. Prior to April 1, 2021, the Company had a tax exemption on income arising from qualifying activities in Singapore based upon the achievement of certain contractual milestones, which the Company met as of December 31, 2020 and maintained through March 2021. The effect of applying the concessionary income tax rates rather than the statutory tax rate to income arising from qualifying activities in Singapore increased the Company’s net income by $144 million, $1614 million and $2016 million, and increased the Company’s net income per diluted share by $0.2406, $0.2724 and $0.3327 for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Singapore 2025 benefit of $4 million and ~~2022~~$0.06 per diluted share is reduced by $14 million and $0.24 per diluted share due to the global minimum tax under Pillar Two, respectively.

~~The~~50 ~~Company’s effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was 15.5%, 12.8% and 15.5%, respectively.~~

The Company’s effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023 was 14.9%, 15.5% and 12.8%, respectively.

The 2025 effective tax rate differed from the 21% U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the jurisdictional mix of earnings, a discrete benefit of $14 million related to the enactment of OBBBA, a $3 million provision related to the GILTI tax and a tax benefit of $3 million on stock-based compensation.

The 2024 effective tax rate differed from the 21% U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the jurisdictional mix of earnings, a $5 million provision related to the GILTI tax and a tax benefit of $3 million on stock-based compensation.

The 2023 effective tax rate differed from the 21% U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the jurisdictional mix of earnings, an $18 million recognition of a previously unrecognized tax benefit as a result of the completion of a tax examination, a $15 million provision related to the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) tax and a tax benefit of $3 million on stock-based compensation.

~~The~~Effective ~~2022~~starting ~~effective~~in ~~tax~~2024, ~~rate~~various ~~differed~~foreign ~~from~~jurisdictions ~~the~~began ~~21%~~to ~~U.S.~~implement ~~statutory~~aspects ~~tax~~of ~~rate~~the ~~primarily~~guidance ~~due~~issued toby the ~~jurisdictional~~Organization ~~mix~~for ofEconomic ~~earnings,~~Co-operation anand ~~$18 million~~Development ~~provision~~(“OECD”) related to the ~~GILTI~~Pillar Two system of global minimum tax ~~and~~rules. aThese changes in tax ~~benefit~~law did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, result of ~~$7 million~~operations and cash flows in 2025. The OECD issued additional guidance in January 2026 on ~~stock-based~~the ~~compensation~~Pillar Two system of global minimum tax rules, and the Company is assessing future impact.

~~Effective~~On ~~starting~~July 4, ~~in 2024~~2025, ~~various~~the ~~foreign~~U.S. ~~jurisdictions~~government ~~are~~enacted ~~beginning~~the toOne ~~implement~~Big ~~aspects~~Beautiful ofBill ~~the~~Act, ~~guidance~~(“OBBBA”), ~~issued~~enacting bychanges to the ~~Organization~~United ~~for~~States ~~Economic~~federal ~~Co-operation~~tax ~~and~~code, ~~Development~~including ~~related~~adjustments to ~~the~~effective ~~new~~tax ~~Pillar~~rates ~~Two~~on ~~system~~certain types of ~~global~~income ~~minimum~~and ~~tax~~certain ~~rules~~deduction limitations. ~~These~~The ~~changes~~OBBBA ~~in tax law~~ did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows infor ~~2024. As of~~ the ~~date~~year ofended ~~this Annual Report~~December 31, ~~the~~2025. The Company ~~does~~will ~~not~~continue ~~anticipate~~to ~~that~~monitor the ~~Pillar~~impact ~~Two~~of ~~tax~~this ~~rules~~Act ~~will~~in ~~have a material impact on~~ future periods.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2024			2023			2022
	2025			2024			2023
Net income	$	~~637~~642,~~834~~629		$	~~642~~637,~~234~~834		$	~~707~~642,~~755~~234
Depreciation and amortization		~~191~~206,~~825~~237			~~165~~191,~~905~~825			~~130~~165,~~423~~905
Stock-based compensation		4454,~~709~~127			3644,~~868~~709			4236,~~564~~868
Deferred income taxes		(~~877~~14,657	)		(~~1,197~~877	)		(311,~~988~~197	)
Acquired in-process research and development and other non-cash items		—			—			10,003
Change in accounts receivable		(55,498	)		(66,240	)		49,179
Change in accounts receivable		(66,240	)		49,179			(137,874	)
Change in inventories		(65,933	)		20,943			(45,443	)
Change in inventories		20,943			(45,443	)		(101,902	)
Change in accounts payable and other current liabilities		(89,012	)		61,585			(79,524	)
Change in accounts payable and other current liabilities		61,585			(79,524	)		60,984
Change in deferred revenue and customer advances		957			6,165			10,433
Change in deferred revenue and customer advances		6,165			10,433			12,862
Other changes		(26,295	)		(133,821	)		(175,646	)
Other changes		(133,821	)		(175,646	)		(81,166	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		652,555			762,123			602,809
Net cash provided by operating activities		762,123			602,809			611,661
Net cash used in investing activities		(152,253	)		(143,089	)		(1,442,265	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(144,023	)		(1,442,265	)		(107,967	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(237,205	)		(696,675	)		754,951
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(696,675	)		754,951			(509,633	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		(621	)		7,920			(948	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		7,920			(948	)		(14,766	)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	262,476		$	(69,721	)	$	(85,453	)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	$	(70,655	)	$	(85,453	)	$	(20,705	)

Cash Flow from Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $~~762~~653 million, $~~603~~762 million and $~~612~~603 million in ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively. The ~~increase~~decrease in ~~2024~~2025 operating cash flow was primarily a result of ~~lower~~higher ~~inventory levels, partially offset by lower~~ net income. ~~The~~being changes within net cash provided by operating activities include the following significant changes in the sources and uses of net cash provided by operating activities, in addition to the changes in net income:

•51 The changes in accounts receivable were primarily attributable to timing of payments made by customers and timing of sales. Days sales outstanding was 79 days at December 31, 2024, 78 days at December 31, 2023 and 77 days at December 31, 2022.

•Table The decrease in inventory can primarily be attributed to better inventory management and higher sales volume in the second half of 2024.Contents

offset by $24 million in additional tax payments associated with the final 2018 Tax Reform Transition payment as compared to the prior year, $52 million of costs related to the implementation of the Company’s new ERP system, and $29 million of payments made in connection with transaction and integration costs associated with the BDS Business Acquisition. The changes within net cash provided by operating activities include the following significant changes in the sources and uses of net cash provided by operating activities, in addition to the changes in net income:

•

The changes in accounts receivable were primarily attributable to timing of payments made by customers and timing of sales. Days sales outstanding was 84 days at December 31, 2025, 79 days at December 31, 2024 and 78 days at December 31, 2023.

•

The increase in inventory can primarily be attributed to higher tariffs on material costs as well as an increase in safety stock levels to help navigate tariffs and mitigate any future supply chain issues and the effect of foreign currency translation.

•

The changes in accounts payable and other current liabilities were a result of the timing of payments to vendors, as well as the annual payment of management incentive compensation.

• A decrease in income tax payments of $60 million as compared to the prior year.

•

Net cash provided from deferred revenue and customer advances results from annual increases in new service contracts as a higher installed base of customers renew annual service contracts.

•

In 2025, cash from operating activities was impacted by $61 million more of income tax payments compared to the prior year.

•

Other changes were attributable to variation in the timing of various provisions, expenditures, prepaid income taxes and accruals in other current assets, other assets and other liabilities.

Cash Flow from Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities totaled $~~144~~152 million, $~~1.4~~143 ~~billion~~million and $~~108~~1.4 ~~million~~billion in ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively. Additions to fixed assets and capitalized software were $~~142~~113 million, $~~161~~142 million and $~~176~~161 million in ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively. The cash flows from investing activities in 2023 ~~and 2022~~ include $16 million ~~and $32 million, respectively,~~ of capital expenditures related to the major expansion of the Company’s precision chemistry consumable operations in the United States.

During 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company purchased $4 million, $2 million and $11 million of investments, respectively, while $4 million, $2 million and $78 million of investments matured, respectively, and were used for financing activities described below.

In 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Wyatt for a total purchase price of $1.3 billion in cash. Wyatt is a pioneer in innovative light scattering and field-flow fractionation instruments, software, accessories, and services. The acquisition has expanded Waters’ portfolio and increased our exposure to large molecule applications.

In 2022, the Company paid $5 million for the CDMS technology and intellectual property right asset from Megadalton, and the Company is required to make an additional $4 million of guaranteed payments at various dates in the future through 2029. The total purchase price of approximately $10 million was accounted for as Acquired In-Process Research and Development and expensed as part of costs and operating expenses in the statement of operations in 2024.

There were no business acquisitions in 2024.

On May 20, 2025, the Company completed the acquisition of Halo Labs for a total purchase price of $35 million in cash, net of cash acquired. Halo Labs is an innovator of specialized imaging technologies to detect, identify and count interfering materials in therapeutic products, such as cell, protein and gene therapies.

Cash Flow from Financing Activities

The Company has a credit agreement with an aggregate borrowing capacity of $21.08 billion. As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had a total of $1.64 billion in outstanding debt, which consisted of $1.3 billion in outstanding senior unsecured notes and $0.41 billion borrowed under its credit agreement. The Company’s net debt borrowings as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 were $~~730~~220 million lower than as of December 31, ~~2023~~2024, while the net borrowings as of December 31, ~~2023~~2024 ~~and 2022~~ were $~~780~~730 million ~~and~~lower ~~$60 million higher~~ than as of December 31, ~~2022~~2023. These changes in outstanding debt balances over these periods is attributable to the funding of the 2023 Wyatt acquisition and ~~2021,~~the ~~respectively~~subsequent debt repayments in 2024 and 2025.

On May 22, 2025, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors, entered into an Amendment and Restatement Agreement in respect of that certain Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of September 17, 2021 and amended as of March 3, 2023, with the lenders and issuing banks party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, pursuant to which the Company, among other things, reduced the aggregate total borrowing capacity of its existing senior unsecured revolving credit facility by up to $200 million for an aggregate principal amount of up to $1.8 billion. The Credit Facility will mature on May 22, 2030 subject to the Company’s ability to request, subject to customary conditions, a one-year extension to which each lender may, in its discretion, agree.

In July 2024, the Company entered into the Shelf Agreement with NYL pursuant to which the Company may, at its option, authorize the issuance and sale of Shelf Notes up to an aggregate amount of $200 million. The purchase of any Shelf Notes is in the sole discretion of NYL. Any Shelf Notes sold or issued pursuant to the Shelf Agreement will mature no more than 15 years after the issuance date and will bear interest on the unpaid balance from the issuance date at the rates specified in the Shelf Agreement. The Company entered into the Shelf Agreement to increase its borrowing capacity for general corporate purposes. The Company has not issued any Shelf Notes pursuant to the Shelf Agreement through the date of these financial statements.

AsIn ofconnection ~~December 31,~~with ~~2024~~the BDS Business Acquisition, ~~the~~on ~~Company~~January ~~has~~8, 2026, SpinCo entered into ~~three-year~~the ~~interest~~SpinCo ~~rate~~Credit ~~cross-currency~~Agreement. ~~swap~~On ~~derivative~~the ~~agreements~~Funding ~~with~~Date, aSpinCo ~~notional~~borrowed ~~value~~$4.0 billion of ~~$625 million~~unsecured toterm ~~hedge~~loans under the ~~variability~~SpinCo Credit Agreement, consisting of a $3.5 billion tranche which will mature and be payable in full 364 days after the ~~movement~~Funding ofDate ~~foreign~~and ~~currency~~a ~~exchange~~$500 ~~rates~~million tranche which will mature and be payable in full on athe ~~portion~~second anniversary of ~~its~~the ~~euro-denominated~~Funding Date, and ~~yen-denominated~~such ~~net~~funds ~~asset~~were ~~investments.~~used Asby aSpinCo ~~result~~on the Funding Date to finance the SpinCo Cash Distribution. Upon consummation of ~~entering~~the ~~into~~BDS ~~these~~Business ~~agreements~~Acquisition, all of this indebtedness was assumed by the Company. ~~lowered~~The ~~net~~Company ~~interest~~plans ~~expense~~to byrefinance ~~approximately~~the $~~9 million~~3.5 billion tranche in the first quarter of 2026 with long-term bond financing. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to do so on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If the Company is unable to obtain financing on commercially reasonable terms, ~~$11 million~~the ~~and~~Company ~~$9 million~~may inbe ~~2024~~required to reduce or delay investments, ~~2023~~strategic acquisitions and ~~2022~~capital expenditures, ~~respectively.~~seek ~~The~~additional ~~Company~~capital ~~anticipates~~to ~~that~~refinance ~~these~~its ~~swap~~indebtedness ~~agreements~~or ~~will~~use ~~lower~~existing ~~net~~borrowing ~~interest~~capacity ~~expense~~under byits ~~approximately~~existing revolving credit facility. The Company intends to repay the $9 500 million intranche ~~2025~~at or prior to maturity.

InConcurrently ~~December~~with ~~2024~~the execution of the Merger Agreement, the Company’s ~~Board~~and ofa ~~Directors~~financial ~~authorized~~institution ~~the~~executed ~~extension~~a of364-day ~~the~~bridge ~~existing~~facility ~~share~~commitment ~~repurchase~~letter, ~~program~~pursuant ~~through~~to ~~January 21,~~which ~~2028.~~such ~~The~~financial ~~Company’s~~institution ~~remaining~~committed ~~authorization~~to isprovide bridge financing of $1.08 billion. ~~During~~to ~~2023~~fund dividends, fees and ~~2022,~~expenses related to the ~~Company~~transactions ~~repurchased~~contemplated ~~$58 million~~by ~~and~~the ~~$616 million,~~Merger ~~respectively~~Agreement, ofon the terms and conditions set forth therein. The Company’s ~~outstanding~~incurred ~~common~~$5 million ~~stock~~of ~~under~~financing ~~authorized~~costs ~~share~~in ~~repurchase~~connection ~~programs.~~with ~~The~~this ~~Company~~bridge ~~did~~facility ~~not~~that ~~make~~are ~~any~~being ~~open~~amortized ~~market~~over ~~share~~the ~~repurchases~~term inof ~~2024~~the bridge facility. In addition, in connection with financing activities related to the ~~Company~~BDS ~~repurchased~~Business ~~$13 million~~Acquisition, ~~$12 million~~the ~~and~~Company paid $1114 million of ~~common~~financing ~~stock~~costs ~~related~~on tobehalf ~~the vesting~~ of ~~restricted~~SpinCo. ~~stock~~These ~~units~~financing ~~during~~costs ~~2024,~~were ~~2023~~expensed ~~and~~in ~~2022, respectively~~2025.

~~The~~As ~~Company~~of ~~received $30~~December ~~million~~31, ~~$30 million~~2025, ~~and~~the Company has entered into three-year interest rate cross-currency swap derivative agreements with a notional value of $43900 million ofto ~~proceeds~~hedge ~~from~~the variability in the ~~exercise~~movement of ~~stock~~foreign ~~options~~currency exchange rates on a portion of its euro-denominated and ~~the~~yen-denominated ~~purchase~~net asset investments. As a result of ~~shares~~entering ~~pursuant~~into tothese agreements, the Company’s ~~employee~~lowered ~~stock~~net ~~purchase~~interest ~~plan~~expense ~~during~~by ~~2024~~approximately $11 million, ~~2023~~$9 million and ~~2022~~$11 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company anticipates that these swap agreements will lower net interest expense by approximately $11 million in 2026.

43In December 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the extension of the existing share repurchase program through January 21, 2028. The Company’s remaining authorization is $1.0 billion. The Company did not make any open market share repurchases in 2024 or 2025. In addition, the Company repurchased $15 million, $13 million and $12 million of common stock related to the vesting of restricted stock units during 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Company ~~had~~received ~~cash~~$21 million, ~~cash~~$30 million ~~equivalents~~ and ~~investments of~~ $~~325~~30 million as of ~~December 31,~~proceeds ~~2024.~~from ~~The~~the ~~majority~~exercise of ~~the~~stock ~~Company’s~~options ~~cash~~ and ~~cash~~the ~~equivalents~~purchase ~~are~~of ~~generated~~shares ~~from~~pursuant ~~foreign~~to ~~operations,~~the ~~with~~Company’s ~~$275 million~~employee ~~held~~stock bypurchase ~~foreign~~plan ~~subsidiaries~~during ~~at December 31~~2025, 2024, ofand ~~which~~2023, ~~$226 million was held in currencies other than U~~respectively.S. ~~dollars.~~

AsThe Company had cash, cash equivalents and investments of $588 million as of December 31, ~~2024,~~2025. The majority of the Company’s ~~material~~cash and cash ~~requirements~~equivalents ~~include~~are ~~the~~generated ~~following~~from ~~contractual~~foreign ~~and~~operations, with $372 million held by foreign subsidiaries at December 31, 2025, of which $306 million was held in currencies other ~~obligations:~~than U.S. dollars.

~~Long-term debt.~~ As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company’s ~~had~~material ~~$1.6 billion of~~ cash requirements ~~for~~include the ~~principal~~following oncontractual ~~long-term debt that will mature~~ and beother ~~paid as follows~~obligations: ~~$830 million in 2026; $50 million in 2028; $300 million in 2029; $50 million in 2030 and $400 million in 2031.~~

~~Interest~~Long-term ~~on Senior Unsecured Notes~~debt. As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had $~~150~~1.4 ~~million~~billion of cash requirements for the ~~interest~~principal on ~~senior~~long-term ~~unsecured~~debt ~~notes~~ that iswill tomature and be paid as follows: $38460 million in ~~2025; $32 million in~~ 2026; $2550 million in ~~2027; $23 million in~~ 2028; $20300 million in 2029; $10200 million in 2030; and $2400 million in 2031. ~~See also Note 8 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for financial information about interest payable.~~

~~2017~~Interest ~~Tax~~on ~~Act~~Senior ~~liabilities~~Unsecured Notes. As ~~a result~~ of ~~the~~December 31, ~~2017 Tax Act~~2025, the Company ~~incurred~~had a$112 million ~~Transition~~of ~~Toll~~cash ~~Tax,~~requirements ~~that~~for ~~would~~the beinterest ~~paid~~on ~~over~~senior anunsecured ~~eight-year~~notes ~~period,~~that ~~starting~~is into ~~2018,~~be ~~and~~paid ~~will~~as ~~not~~follows: ~~accrue~~$32 million ~~interest.~~in As2026; ~~of December~~$25 ~~31,~~million ~~2024,~~in ~~the~~2027; ~~Company~~$23 million ~~had~~in a2028; ~~remaining~~$20 million ~~cash~~in ~~requirement~~2029; of $~~120~~10 million ~~which~~in ~~will~~2030; beand ~~paid~~$2 million in ~~2025~~2031. See also Note 98 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for financial information about ~~tax~~interest ~~liabilities~~payable.

Operating Leases. The Company’s cash requirements for future lease payments were approximately $8189 million as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025. See also Note 11 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for financial information about lease liabilities.

Long-term Software Contract Commitments. For contracts the Company is committed to that are not cancelable without penalties, the Company’s contractual obligations were approximately $9474 million as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025. In December 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the implementation of a new ERP system. The Company anticipates spending approximately $130 million ~~over the next three years~~ in connection with the implementation of the new ERP system, of which $52 million has been spent on capitalized software and operating expenses through the end of 2025. The Company expects to use existing cash and its credit facility to fund the ERP implementation.

Wyatt Retention Agreements. In conjunction with the Wyatt acquisition, the Company entered into retention agreements with certain employees, in which the Company agreed to pay a total of $40 million by the end of the second anniversary of the acquisition date provided the employees remain employed over that period of time. As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company’s ~~remaining~~has ~~future~~paid all obligations associated with the Wyatt retention agreements ~~were $20 million~~.

Management believes, as of the date of this report, that the Company’s financial position, along with expected future cash flows from earnings based on historical trends and the ability to raise funds from external sources and the borrowing capacity from existing, committed credit facilities, will be sufficient to service debt and fund working capital and capital spending requirements, authorized share repurchase amounts and potential acquisitions for at least the next twelve months. The Company may at any time and from time to time purchase, redeem, prepay, refinance, or otherwise retire any amount of outstanding indebtedness pursuant to the terms of such indebtedness, in open market or negotiated transactions, via tender offer or otherwise, including through the incurrence of new indebtedness, as the Company considers appropriate in light of market conditions and other relevant factors.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Summary

The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent liabilities. Critical accounting policies are those that are central to the presentation of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations that require management to make estimates about matters that are highly uncertain and that would have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations given changes in the

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liabilities. Critical accounting policies are those that are central to the presentation of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations that require management to make estimates about matters that are highly uncertain and that would have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations given changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period or use of different estimates that reasonably could have been used in the current period. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its policies and estimates. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual amounts may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. There are other items within the Company’s consolidated financial statements that require estimation, but are not deemed critical as defined above. Changes in estimates used in these and other items could potentially have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised products and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. The Company generally enters into contracts that include a combination of products and services. Revenue is allocated to distinct performance obligations and is recognized net of allowances for returns and discounts.

The Company recognizes revenue on product sales at the time control of the product transfers to the customer. In substantially all of the Company’s arrangements, title of the product transfers at shipping point and, as a result, the Company determined control transfers at the point of shipment. In more limited cases, there are destination-based shipping terms and, thus, control is deemed to transfer when the products arrive at the customer site.

Generally, the Company’s contracts for products include a performance obligation related to installation. The Company has determined that the installation represents a distinct performance obligation and revenue is recognized separately upon the completion of installation. The Company determines the amount of the transaction price to allocate to the installation service based on the standalone selling price of the product and the service, which requires judgment. The Company determines the relative standalone selling price of installation based upon a number of factors, including hourly service billing rates and estimated installation hours. In developing these estimates, the Company considers past history, competition, billing rates of current services and other factors.

The Company has sales from standalone software, which are included in product revenue. These arrangements typically include software licenses and maintenance contracts, both of which the Company has determined are distinct performance obligations. The Company determines the amount of the transaction price to allocate to the license and maintenance contract based on the relative standalone selling price of each performance obligation. Software license revenue is recognized at the point in time when control has been transferred to the customer. The revenue allocated to the software maintenance contract is recognized on a straight-line basis over the maintenance period, which is the contractual term of the contract, as a time-based measure of progress best reflects the Company’s performance in satisfying this obligation. Unspecified rights to software upgrades are typically sold as part of the maintenance contract on a when-and-if-available basis.

Service revenue includes (i) service and software maintenance contracts and (ii) service calls (time and materials). Instrument service contracts and software maintenance contracts are typically annual contracts, which are billed at the beginning of the contract or maintenance period. The amount of the service and software maintenance contract is recognized on a straight-line basis to revenue over the maintenance service period, which is the contractual term of the contract, as a time-based measure of progress best reflects the Company’s performance in satisfying this obligation. There are no deferred costs associated with the service contract, as the cost of the service is recorded when the service is performed. Service calls are recognized to revenue at the time a service is performed.

~~The~~55 Company’s deferred revenue liabilities at December 31, 2024 of $320 million on the consolidated balance sheets consist of instrument service contract obligations and customer payments received in advance, prior to transfer of control of the instrument. The Company records deferred revenue primarily related to its service contracts, where consideration is billable at the beginning of the service period.

The Company’s deferred revenue liabilities at December 31, 2025 of $345 million on the consolidated balance sheets consist of instrument service contract obligations and customer payments received in advance, prior to transfer of control of the instrument. The Company records deferred revenue primarily related to its service contracts, where consideration is billable at the beginning of the service period.

Loss Provision on Inventory

The Company values all of its inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a first-in, first-out basis (“FIFO”). The Company estimates revisions to its inventory valuations based on technical obsolescence, historical demand, projections of future demand, including in the Company’s current backlog of orders, and industry and market conditions. If actual future demand or market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional write-downs may be required. The Company’s inventory balance at December 31, ~~2024~~2025 was recorded at its net realizable value of $~~477~~572 million, which is net of write-downs of $4244 million.

Long-Lived Assets, Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but are evaluated for impairment on an annual basis, or on an interim basis when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. In assessing the recoverability of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, we must make assumptions regarding the estimated future cash flows, including forecasted revenue growth and the discount rate to determine the fair value of these assets. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record impairment charges against these assets in the reporting period in which the impairment is determined.

We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is the operating segment or one level below an operating segment. We have the option of performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary before performing the quantitative assessment. If as a result of the qualitative assessment, it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative impairment test will be required. Otherwise, no further testing will be required. If a quantitative impairment test is performed, we compare the fair values of the applicable reporting units with their aggregate carrying values, including goodwill. Estimating the fair value of the reporting units requires significant judgment by management. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value up to the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company performs an annual goodwill impairment assessment for its reporting units as of ~~December 31~~the last day of the first month of the fourth fiscal quarter each year. The Company has two reporting units: Waters and TA. Goodwill is allocated to the reporting units at the time of acquisition.

The Company’s intangible assets include purchased technology; capitalized software; costs associated with acquiring Company patents, trademarks and intellectual properties, such as licenses; and acquired IPR&D. Purchased intangibles are recorded at their fair market values as of the acquisition date and amortized over their estimated useful lives, ranging from one to fifteen years. Other intangibles are amortized over a period ranging from one to ten years. Acquired IPR&D is amortized from the date of completion of the acquired program over its estimated useful life.

Goodwill totaled $1.3 billion as of both December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024. Net intangible assets and long-lived assets amounted to $~~568~~558 million and $~~651~~642 million, as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, respectively, and $~~629~~568 million and $~~639~~651 million as of December 31, ~~2023~~2024, respectively.

Income Taxes

As part of the process of preparing the consolidated financial statements, the Company is required to estimate its income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates. This process involves the Company estimating its income taxes, taking into account the amount, timing and character of taxable income, tax deductions and credits and assessing changes in tax laws, regulations, agreements and treaties. Differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes, such as depreciation, amortization and inventory reserves, result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within the consolidated balance sheets. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates, or the Company adjusts these estimates in future periods, such changes could materially impact the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

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income taxes, taking into account the amount, timing and character of taxable income, tax deductions and credits and assessing changes in tax laws, regulations, agreements and treaties. Differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes, such as depreciation, amortization and inventory reserves, result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within the consolidated balance sheets. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates, or the Company adjusts these estimates in future periods, such changes could materially impact the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

The Company continually evaluates the necessity of establishing or changing a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets depending on whether it is more likely than not that the actual benefit of those assets will be realized in future periods.

Uncertain Tax Positions

The Company accounts for its uncertain tax return positions in accordance with the accounting standards for income taxes, which require financial statement reporting of the expected future tax consequences of uncertain tax positions on the presumption that all concerned tax authorities possess full knowledge of those tax positions, as well as all of the pertinent facts and circumstances, but prohibit any discounting of unrecognized tax benefits associated with those positions for the time value of money. The Company classified interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of the provision for income taxes. At December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, of $1815 million.

The Company has a Development and Expansion Incentive in Singapore that provides a concessionary income tax rate of 5% on certain types of income for the period April 1, 2021 through March 31, 2026. This incentive has similar requirements for business spending targets, attaining and sustaining employment targets and performance of certain research and manufacturing activities as previous agreements. Prior to April 1, 2021, the Company had a tax exemption on income arising from qualifying activities in Singapore, based upon the achievement of certain contractual milestones, which the Company met as of December 31, 2020 and maintained through March 2021. These milestones include the following types of objectives: reaching and maintaining annual revenue and business spending targets; meeting capital expenditures targets; attaining and sustaining employment targets; and establishing a local research and development and service center. The Company determined that it ~~was~~is more likely than not to realize the tax ~~exemption~~incentive in Singapore and, accordingly, ~~did~~has not ~~recognize~~recognized any reserves for unrecognized tax benefits on its balance sheet related to this ~~exemption~~incentive. In the event that any of the milestone targets ~~were~~are not met, the Company ~~would~~will not be entitled to the tax exemption on income earned in Singapore and all the tax benefits previously recognized would be reversed, resulting in the recognition of income tax expense equal to the statutory tax of 17% on income earned during that period.

The effect of applying these concessionary income tax rates rather than the statutory tax rate to income arising from qualifying activities in Singapore increased the Company’s net income by $144 million, $1614 million and $2016 million and increased the Company’s net income per diluted share by $0.2406, $0.2724 and $0.3327 for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Singapore 2025 benefit of $4 million and ~~2022~~$0.06 per diluted share is reduced by $14 million and $0.24 per diluted share due to the global minimum tax under Pillar Two, respectively.

Business Combinations and Asset Acquisitions

We use assumptions and estimates in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. The determination of the fair value of intangible assets, which represents a significant portion of the purchase price in our recent ~~acquisition of Wyatt~~acquisitions, requires the use of significant judgment with regard to (i) the fair value; and (ii) whether such intangibles are amortizable or non-amortizable and, if the former, the period and the method by which the intangible asset will be amortized. We utilize commonly accepted valuation techniques, such as the income, cost and market approaches, as appropriate, in establishing the fair value of intangible assets. Typically, key assumptions include projections of cash flows that arise from identifiable intangible assets of acquired businesses as well as discount rates based on an analysis of the weighted-average cost of capital, adjusted for specific risks associated with the assets.

In our prior year acquisition of Wyatt in fiscal 2023, customer relationship intangible assets have been the most significant identifiable assets acquired. The customer relationships were valued using the multi-period excess earnings method under the income approach. Our cash flow projections for the customer relationships acquired included significant judgments and assumptions related to customer attrition rate, discount rate, and forecasted revenues. The value of the client relationships acquired was $331 million in fiscal year 2023, the majority of which relates to U.S. customer relationships.

Recent Accounting Standard Changes and Developments

Information regarding recent accounting standard changes and developments is incorporated by reference from Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this document and should be considered an ~~integral part of this Item 7. See Note 2 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for recently adopted and issued accounting standards.~~

integral part of this Item 7. See Note 2 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for recently adopted and issued accounting standards.

Item 7A: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Derivative Transactions

The Company is a global company that operates in over 35 countries and, as a result, the Company’s net sales, cost of sales, operating expenses and balance sheet amounts are significantly impacted by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company is exposed to currency price risk on foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations when it translates its non-U.S. dollar foreign subsidiaries’ financial statements into U.S. dollars, and when any of the Company’s subsidiaries purchase or sell products or services in a currency other than its own currency.

The Company’s principal strategies in managing exposures to changes in foreign currency exchange rates are to (1) naturally hedge the foreign-currency-denominated liabilities on the Company’s balance sheet against corresponding assets of the same currency, such that any changes in liabilities due to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates are typically offset by corresponding changes in assets and (2) mitigate foreign exchange risk exposure of international operations by hedging the variability in the movement of foreign currency exchange rates on a portion of its euro-denominated and yen-denominated net asset investments. The Company presents the derivative transactions in financing activities in the statement of cash flows.

Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts

The Company does not specifically enter into any derivatives that hedge foreign-currency-denominated operating assets, liabilities or commitments on its balance sheet, other than a portion of certain third-party accounts receivable and accounts payable, and the Company’s net worldwide intercompany receivables and payables, which are eliminated in consolidation. The Company periodically aggregates these net worldwide balances by currency and then enters into foreign currency exchange contracts that mature within 90 days to hedge a portion of the remaining balance to minimize some of the Company’s currency price risk exposure. The foreign currency exchange contracts are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. Principal hedged currencies include the euro, Japanese yen, British pound, Mexican peso and Brazilian real.

Cash Flow Hedges

The Company’s Credit Facility is a variable borrowing and has interest payments based on a contractually specified interest rate index. The contractually specified index on the Credit Facility is the 3-month Term SOFR. The variable rate interest payments create interest risk for the Company as interest payments will fluctuate based on changes in the contractually specified interest rate index over the life of the Credit Facility. In order to reduce interest rate risk, the Company enters into interest rate swaps that will effectively lock-in the forecasted interest payments on the variable rate borrowing over its term. The interest rate swaps represent cash flow hedges and are assessed for hedge effectiveness each reporting period. When the hedge relationship is highly effective at achieving offsetting changes in cash flows, the Company will record the entire change in fair value of the interest rate swaps in accumulated other comprehensive loss. The amount in accumulated other comprehensive loss is reclassified to earnings in the period that the underlying transaction impacts consolidated earnings. If it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur, the hedge relationship will be de-designated and amounts accumulated in other comprehensive loss will be reclassified to earnings in the current period. Interest settlements due to benchmark interest rate changes are recorded in interest income or interest expense. For the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, the Company did not have any cash flow hedges that were deemed ineffective.

Interest Rate Cross-Currency Swap Agreements

As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had three-year interest rate cross-currency swap derivative agreements with a notional value of $~~625~~900 million to hedge the variability in the movement of foreign currency exchange rates on a portion of its euro-denominated and yen-denominated net asset investments. Under hedge accounting, the change in fair value of the derivative that relates to changes in the foreign currency spot rate are recorded in the currency translation adjustment in other comprehensive income and remain in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity until the sale or substantial liquidation of the foreign operation. The difference between the interest rate received and paid under the interest rate cross-currency swap derivative agreement is recorded in interest income in the statement of operations.

on a portion of its euro-denominated and yen-denominated net asset investments. Under hedge accounting, the change in fair value of the derivative that relates to changes in the foreign currency spot rate are recorded in the currency translation adjustment in other comprehensive income and remain in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity until the sale or substantial liquidation of the foreign operation. The difference between the interest rate received and paid under the interest rate cross-currency swap derivative agreement is recorded in interest income in the statement of operations.

The Company’s foreign currency exchange contracts, interest rate cross-currency swap agreements and interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges included in the consolidated balance sheets are classified as follows (in thousands):

	December 31, 2024					December 31, 2023
	December 31, 2025					December 31, 2024
	NotionalValue		FairValue			NotionalValue		FairValue
Foreign currency exchange contracts:
Other current assets	$	1439,~~999~~053	$	~~482~~329		$	2414,~~155~~999	$	~~183~~482
Other current liabilities	$	2418,~~749~~979	$	~~261~~248		$	1624,~~000~~749	$	~~207~~261
Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements:
Other assets	$	~~625~~20,000	$	~~26,196~~346		$	~~220~~625,000	$	426,~~835~~196
Other liabilities	$	—880,000	$	—50,493		$	~~405,000~~—	$	~~13,384~~—
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			$	32,979				$	(7,975	)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income			$	(53,730	)		—	$	32,979
Interest rate swap cash flow hedges:
Other assets	$	~~100~~50,000	$	~~503~~34		$	—100,000	$	—503
Other liabilities	$	50100,000	$	~~641~~2,384		$	~~100~~50,000	$	~~2,974~~641
Accumulated other comprehensive loss			$	(138	)			$	(2,974	)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income			$	(2,350	)		—	$	(138	)

The following is a summary of the activity included in the consolidated statements of operations and statements of comprehensive income related to the foreign currency exchange contracts, interest rate cross-currency swap agreements and interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges (in thousands):

	FinancialStatementClassification	Year Ended December 31,
		2024			2023			2022
		2025			2024			2023
Foreign currency exchange contracts:
Realized gains (losses) on closed contracts	Cost of sales	$	850		$	224		$	(3,855	)
Realized (losses) gains on closed contracts	Cost of sales	$	(1,780	)	$	850		$	224
Unrealized gains (losses) on open contracts	Cost of sales		245			(156	)		(176	)
Unrealized (losses) gains on open contracts	Cost of sales		(140	)		245			(156	)
Cumulative net pre-tax gains (losses)	Cost of sales	$	1,095		$	68		$	(4,031	)
Cumulative net pre-tax (losses) gains	Cost of sales	$	(1,920	)	$	1,095		$	68
Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements:
Interest earned	Interest income	$	10,~~110~~920		$	10,~~974~~110		$	810,~~872~~974
Unrealized gains (losses) on open contracts	Accumulated othercomprehensive loss	$	40,954		$	(18,001	)	$	25,969
Unrealized (losses) gains on open contracts (1)	Accumulated othercomprehensive loss	$	(86,709	)	$	40,954		$	(18,001	)
Interest rate swap cash flow hedges:
Interest earned	Interest income	$	~~1,281~~468		$	~~326~~1,281		$	—326
Unrealized losses on open contracts	Accumulated othercomprehensive loss	$	(2,~~835~~211	)	$	(2,~~974~~835	)	$	—(2,974	)

~~Assuming a hypothetical adverse change of 10% in year-end exchange rates~~ (a1) ~~strengthening~~Unrealized ~~of the U.S. dollar~~(losses), ~~the~~gains ~~fair~~on ~~market~~open ~~value of the foreign currency exchange~~ contracts ~~outstanding~~from asinterest ofrate ~~December 31, 2024 would decrease pre~~cross-~~tax~~currency ~~earnings~~swap byagreements ~~approximately~~fluctuated ~~$1 million.~~year ~~Assuming~~over ayear ~~hypothetical~~primarily ~~adverse~~due ~~change~~to ofchanges ~~10%~~ in ~~year-end~~foreign exchange rates ~~(a strengthening of the U.S. dollar)~~, ~~the~~which ~~fair~~resulted ~~market~~in ~~value~~period-to-period ~~of the interest rate~~ variability.

49Assuming a hypothetical adverse change of 10% in year-end exchange rates (a strengthening of the U.S. dollar), the fair market value of the foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding as of December 31,

2025 would decrease pre-tax earnings by approximately $3 million. Assuming a hypothetical adverse change of 10% in year-end exchange rates (a strengthening of the U.S. dollar), the fair market value of the interest rate cross-currency swap agreements outstanding as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 would increase by approximately $6095 million and would be recorded to foreign currency translation in other comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity. The related impact on interest income would not have a material effect on pre-tax earnings.

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are not subject to significant interest rate risk due to the short maturities of these instruments. The Company’s cash equivalents represent highly liquid investments, with original maturities of 90 days or less, primarily in bank deposits, U.S. treasury bill money market funds and commercial paper. As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the carrying value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents approximated fair value.

The Company is exposed to the risk of interest rate fluctuations from the investments of cash generated from operations. Investments with maturities greater than 90 days are classified as investments and are held primarily in U.S. dollar-denominated treasury bills and commercial paper, bank deposits and corporate debt securities. As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company estimates that a hypothetical adverse change of 100 basis points across all maturities would not have a material effect on the fair market value of its portfolio.

The Company is also exposed to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations. The Company maintains cash balances in various operating accounts in excess of federally insured limits, and in foreign subsidiary accounts in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, $~~275~~372 million out of $~~325~~588 million and $~~321~~275 million out of $~~396~~325 million, respectively, of the Company’s total cash, cash equivalents and investments were held by foreign subsidiaries. In addition, $~~226~~306 million out of $~~325~~588 million and $~~233~~226 million out of $~~396~~325 million of cash, cash equivalents and investments were held in currencies other than the U.S. dollar at December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively. As of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, the Company had no holdings in auction rate securities or commercial paper issued by structured investment vehicles.

Assuming a hypothetical adverse change of 10% in year-end exchange rates (a strengthening of the U.S. dollar), the fair market value of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and investments held in currencies other than the U.S. dollar as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 would decrease by approximately $2331 million, of which the majority would be recorded to foreign currency translation in other comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity.

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Item 8:

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in

Rules 13a-15(f)

and

15d-15(f)

under the Exchange Act. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013), our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025.

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Waters Corporation

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Waters Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income, of stockholders’ equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in

Internal Control—Integrated Framework

(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in

Internal Control—Integrated Framework

(2013) issued by the COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control ~~over~~Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in

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accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Product Revenue Recognition

As described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised products to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products. The Company recognizes revenue on product sales at the time control of the product transfers to the customer. Certain of the Company’s customers have terms where control of the product transfers to the customer on shipment, while others have terms where control transfers to the customer on delivery. Product sales totaled $12.80 billion for the year ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025.

The principal consideration for our determination that performing procedures relating to product revenue recognition is a critical audit matter is a high degree of auditor effort in performing procedures related to the Company’s product revenue recognition.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to product revenue recognition. These procedures also included, among others, (i) evaluating the recognition of revenue for a sample of transactions by obtaining and inspecting source documents, such as invoices, customer purchase orders, and shipping documents, and (ii) obtaining and inspecting evidence of remittance of cash payment from customers, as applicable, related to product revenue.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Boston, Massachusetts

February 23,

202

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1994.

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WATERS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	December 31,
	2024			2023
	2025			2024
	(In thousands, except per share data)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	~~324~~587,~~421~~831		$	~~395~~325,~~076~~355
Investments		934			898
Accounts receivable, net		828,844			733,365
Accounts receivable, net		733,365			702,168
Inventories		572,371			477,261
Inventories		477,261			516,236
Other current assets		158,599			133,130
Other current assets		133,130			138,489
Total current assets		2,147,645			1,669,111
Total current assets		1,669,111			1,752,867
Property, plant and equipment, net		642,046			651,200
Property, plant and equipment, net		651,200			639,073
Intangible assets, net		558,179			567,906
Intangible assets, net		567,906			629,187
Goodwill		1,340,081			1,295,720
Goodwill		1,295,720			1,305,446
Operating lease assets		80,764			74,193
Operating lease assets		74,193			84,591
Other assets		307,835			295,665
Other assets		295,665			215,690
Total assets	$	5,076,550		$	4,553,795
Total assets	$	4,553,795		$	4,626,854
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Notes payable and debt	$	—460,000		$	~~50,000~~—
Accounts payable		99103,~~931~~778			8499,~~705~~931
Accrued employee compensation		9399,~~969~~654			6993,~~391~~969
Deferred revenue and customer advances		~~250~~266,~~807~~540			~~256~~250,~~675~~807
Current operating lease liabilities		2531,~~537~~091			2725,~~825~~537
Accrued income taxes		~~158~~35,~~658~~530			~~120~~158,~~257~~658
Accrued warranty		1112,~~602~~261			1211,~~050~~602
Other current liabilities		~~149~~230,~~254~~645			~~168~~149,~~677~~254
Total current liabilities		~~789~~1,~~758~~239,499			789,~~580~~758
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term debt		1947,~~626,488~~445			21,~~305~~626,~~513~~488
Long-term portion of retirement benefits		4443,~~611~~918			4744,~~559~~611
Long-term income tax liabilities		3034,~~318~~075			~~137~~30,~~123~~318
Long-term operating lease liabilities		5052,~~317~~548			5850,~~926~~317
Other long-term liabilities		~~183~~197,~~796~~823			~~137~~183,~~812~~796
Total long-term liabilities		1,~~935~~275,~~530~~809			21,~~686~~935,~~933~~530
Total liabilities		2,~~725~~515,~~288~~308			32,~~476~~725,~~513~~288
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 16)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 5,000 shares authorized, none issued at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023		—			—
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 5,000 shares authorized, none issued at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024		—			—
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 400,000 shares authorized, 162,962 and 162,709 shares issued, 59,388 and 59,176 shares outstanding at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		1,630			1,627
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 400,000 shares authorized, 163,162 and 162,962 shares issued, 59,549 and 59,388 shares outstanding at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		1,632			1,630
Additional paid-in capital		2,~~341~~416,~~298~~237			2,~~266~~341,~~265~~298
Retained earnings		910,~~788~~431,~~655~~284			9,~~150~~788,~~821~~655
Treasury stock, at cost, 103,574 and 103,533 shares at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		(10,147,793	)		(10,134,252	)
Treasury stock, at cost, 103,613 and 103,574 shares at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		(10,162,460	)		(10,147,793	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(~~155~~125,~~283~~451	)		(~~134~~155,~~120~~283	)
Total stockholders’ equity		12,~~828~~561,~~507~~242			1,~~150~~828,~~341~~507
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	45,~~553~~076,~~795~~550		$	4,~~626~~553,~~854~~795

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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WATERS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

	Year Ended December 31,
	2024			2023			2022
	2025			2024			2023
	(In thousands, except per share data)
Revenues:
Product sales	$	1,~~844~~977,~~176~~100		$	1,~~903~~844,~~050~~176		$	1,~~988~~903,~~169~~050
Service sales		1,~~114~~188,~~211~~186			1,~~053~~114,~~366~~211			~~983~~1,~~787~~053,366
Total net sales		23,~~958~~165,~~387~~286			2,~~956~~958,~~416~~387			2,~~971,~~956,416
Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of product sales		~~747~~820,~~920~~267			~~766~~747,~~374~~920			~~836~~766,~~209~~374
Cost of service sales		~~452~~468,~~281~~555			~~428~~452,~~849~~281			~~411~~428,~~973~~849
Selling and administrative expenses		~~690~~830,~~148~~374			~~736~~690,~~014~~148			~~658~~736,~~026~~014
Research and development expenses		~~183~~195,~~027~~711			~~174~~183,~~945~~027			~~176~~174,~~190~~945
Purchased intangibles amortization		47,~~090~~791			3247,~~558~~090			632,~~366~~558
Litigation provision		11,568			—			—
Litigation provisions		—			11,568			—
Acquired in-process research and development		—			—			9,797
Total costs and operating expenses		2,362,698			2,132,034			2,138,740
Total costs and operating expenses		2,132,034			2,138,740			2,098,561
Operating income		802,588			826,353			817,676
Operating income		826,353			817,676			873,395
Other income, net		3,061			776			807
Other income, net		776			807			2,228
Interest expense		(69,548	)		(89,677	)		(98,861	)
Interest expense		(89,677	)		(98,861	)		(48,797	)
Interest income		18,777			17,416			16,621
Interest income		17,416			16,621			11,020
Income before income taxes		754,878			754,868			736,243
Income before income taxes		754,868			736,243			837,846
Provision for income taxes		112,249			117,034			94,009
Provision for income taxes		117,034			94,009			130,091
Net income	$	642,629		$	637,834		$	642,234
Net income	$	637,834		$	642,234		$	707,755
Net income per basic common share	$	10.80		$	10.75		$	10.87
Net income per basic common share	$	10.75		$	10.87		$	11.80
Weighted-average number of basic common shares		59,509			59,333			59,076
Weighted-average number of basic common shares		59,333			59,076			59,985
Net income per diluted common share	$	10.76		$	10.71		$	10.84
Net income per diluted common share	$	10.71		$	10.84		$	11.73
Weighted-average number of diluted common shares and equivalents		59,706			59,552			59,270
Weighted-average number of diluted common shares and equivalents		59,552			59,270			60,331

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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WATERS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

	Year Ended December 31,
	2024			2023			2022
	2025			2024			2023
	(In thousands)
Net income	$	~~637~~642,~~834~~629		$	~~642~~637,~~234~~834		$	~~707~~642,~~755~~234
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation		~~(26~~28,~~565~~858	)		17(26,~~761~~565	)		~~(46~~17,~~135~~761	)
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments before reclassifications		4,116			(2,648	)		—
Unrealized (losses) gains on derivative instruments before reclassifications		(1,743	)		4,116			(2,648	)
Amounts reclassified to interest income		(~~1,281~~468	)		(~~326~~1,281	)		—(326	)
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments before income taxes		2,835			(2,974	)		—
Unrealized (losses) gains on derivative instruments before income taxes		(2,211	)		2,835			(2,974	)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(680	)		714			—
Income tax benefit (expense)		530			(680	)		714
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments, net of tax		2,155			(2,260	)		—
Unrealized (losses) gains on derivative instruments, net of tax		(1,681	)		2,155			(2,260	)
Unrealized gains on investments before income taxes		—			—			26
Retirement liability adjustment before reclassifications		3,678			3,828			(10,153	)
Income tax expense		—			—			(6	)
Amounts reclassified to other income, net		(2	)		448			(98	)
Unrealized gains on investments, net of tax		—			—			20
Retirement liability adjustment before income taxes		3,676			4,276			(10,251	)
Retirement liability adjustment before reclassifications		3,828			(10,153	)		20,953
Income tax (expense) benefit		(1,021	)		(1,029	)		2,202
Amounts reclassified to other income, net		448			(98	)		574
Retirement liability adjustment, net of tax		2,655			3,247			(8,049	)
Retirement liability adjustment before income taxes		4,276			(10,251	)		21,527
Other comprehensive income (loss)		29,832			(21,163	)		7,452
Income tax (expense) benefit		(1,029	)		2,202			(5,119	)
Comprehensive income	$	672,461		$	616,671		$	649,686
Retirement liability adjustment, net of tax		3,247			(8,049	)		16,408
Other comprehensive (loss) income		(21,163	)		7,452			(29,707	)
Comprehensive income	$	616,671		$	649,686		$	678,048

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

	Year Ended December 31,
	2024			2023			2022
	2025			2024			2023
	(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	~~637~~642,~~834~~629		$	~~642~~637,~~234~~834		$	~~707~~642,~~755~~234
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Stock-based compensation		4454,~~709~~127			3644,~~868~~709			4236,~~564~~868
Deferred income taxes		(~~877~~14,657	)		(~~1,197~~877	)		(311,~~988~~197	)
Depreciation		8788,~~018~~144			8487,~~625~~018			7184,~~998~~625
Amortization of intangibles		~~104~~118,~~807~~093			81104,~~280~~807			5881,~~425~~280
Realized gain on sale of investment		—			(742	)		—
Other adjustments		(2,398	)		—			(742	)
In-process research and development and other non-cash charges		—			—			10,003
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable		(6655,~~240~~498	)		49(66,~~179~~240	)		~~(137~~49,~~874~~179	)
Decrease (increase) in inventories		20,943			(45,443	)		(101,902	)
(Increase) decrease in inventories		(65,933	)		20,943			(45,443	)
Increase in other current assets		(933,~~537~~282	)		(439,~~164~~537	)		(2343,~~074~~164	)
Decrease (increase) in other assets		421,~~654~~726			~~(26~~4,~~264~~654	)		(526,~~514~~264	)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and other current liabilities		61,585			(79,524	)		60,984
(Decrease) increase in accounts payable and other current liabilities		(89,012	)		61,585			(79,524	)
Increase in deferred revenue and customer advances		~~6,165~~957			106,~~433~~165			1210,~~862~~433
Decrease in other liabilities		(~~128~~12,~~938~~341	)		(~~105~~128,~~476~~938	)		(52105,~~578~~476	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		~~762~~652,~~123~~555			~~602~~762,~~809~~123			~~611~~602,~~661~~809
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to property, plant, equipment and software capitalization		(~~142~~112,~~481~~745	)		(~~160~~142,~~632~~481	)		(~~175~~160,~~921~~632	)
Asset and business acquisitions, net of cash acquired		—(35,053	)		~~(1,282,354~~—	)		—(1,282,354	)
Proceeds from (investments in) equity investments, net		(17,~~489~~295	)		~~742~~(1,489	)		~~8,903~~742
Payments for intellectual property licenses		—			—			(7,535	)
Purchases of investments		—			(3,729	)		(1,791	)
Purchases of investments		(3,729	)		(1,791	)		(11,407	)
Maturities and sales of investments		—			4,610			1,770
Maturities and sales of investments		3,676			1,770			77,993
Proceeds from sale of assets		2,840			—			—
Net cash used in investing activities		(~~144~~152,~~023~~253	)		(1143,~~442,265~~089	)		(~~107~~1,~~967~~442,265	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from debt issuances		~~170~~70,000			1170,~~450,040~~000			~~205~~1,~~000~~450,040
Payments on debt		(~~900~~290,000	)		(~~670~~900,~~040~~000	)		(~~145~~670,~~000~~040	)
Payments of debt issuance costs		—(23,321	)		~~(400~~—	)		—(400	)
Proceeds from stock plans		3020,~~366~~790			2930,~~792~~366			4229,~~801~~792
Purchases of treasury shares		(1314,~~541~~667	)		(7013,~~277~~541	)		(~~626~~70,~~061~~277	)
Proceeds from derivative contracts		16,500			15,836			13,627
(Payments for) proceeds from derivative contracts		(7	)		16,500			15,836
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities		(~~696~~237,~~675~~205	)		~~754~~(696,~~951~~675	)		~~(509~~754,~~633~~951	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		~~7,920~~(621	)		~~(948~~7,920	)		(~~14,766~~948	)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(70,655	)		(85,453	)		(20,705	)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		262,476			(69,721	)		(85,453	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		~~395~~325,~~076~~355			~~480~~395,~~529~~076			~~501~~480,~~234~~529
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	~~324~~587,~~421~~831		$	~~395~~325,~~076~~355		$	~~480~~395,~~529~~076
Supplemental cash flow information:
Income taxes paid	$	183,341		$	243,316		$	160,082
Interest paid	$	44,648		$	92,096		$	94,099
Interest paid	$	92,096		$	94,099		$	48,083
Income taxes paid	$	244,236		$	183,341		$	243,316

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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WATERS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

	Number ofCommonShares		CommonStock		AdditionalPaid-InCapital		RetainedEarnings		TreasuryStock			AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss			TotalStockholders’Equity
	Number of Common Shares		Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	(In thousands)
Balance December 31, 2021		162,084	$	1,621	$	2,114,880	$	7,800,832	$	(9,437,914	)	$	(111,865	)	$	367,554
Net income		—		—		—		707,755		—			—			707,755
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—			(29,707	)		(29,707	)
Issuance of common stock for employees:
Employee Stock Purchase Plan		37		—		10,952		—		—			—			10,952
Stock options exercised		192		2		31,676		—		—			—			31,678
Treasury stock		—		—		—		—		(626,061	)		—			(626,061	)
Stock-based compensation		112		1		42,316		—		—			—			42,317
Balance December 31, 2022		162,425	$	1,624	$	2,199,824	$	8,508,587	$	(10,063,975	)	$	(141,572	)	$	504,488
Net income		—		—		—		642,234		—			—			642,234
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—			7,452			7,452
Issuance of common stock for employees:
Employee Stock Purchase Plan		41		—		11,124		—		—			—			11,124
Stock options exercised		100		1		17,635		—		—			—			17,636
Treasury stock		—		—		—		—		(70,277	)		—			(70,277	)
Stock-based compensation		143		2		37,682		—		—			—			37,684
Balance December 31, 2023		162,709	$	1,627	$	2,266,265	$	9,150,821	$	(10,134,252	)	$	(134,120	)	$	1,150,341
Net income		—		—		—		637,834		—			—			637,834
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—		—			(21,163	)		(21,163	)
Issuance of common stock for employees:
Employee Stock Purchase Plan		36		—		9,778		—		—			—			9,778
Stock options exercised		98		1		21,203		—		—			—			21,204
Treasury stock		—		—		—		—		(13,541	)		—			(13,541	)
Stock-based compensation		119		2		44,052		—		—			—			44,054
Balance December 31, 2024		162,962	$	1,630	$	2,341,298	$	9,788,655	$	(10,147,793	)	$	(155,283	)	$	1,828,507
Net income		—		—		—		642,629		—			—			642,629
Other comprehensive income		—		—		—		—		—			29,832			29,832
Issuance of common stock for employees:
Employee Stock Purchase Plan		35		—		11,005		—		—			—			11,005
Stock options exercised		51		1		10,443		—		—			—			10,444
Treasury stock		—		—		—		—		(14,667	)		—			(14,667	)
Stock-based compensation		114		1		53,491		—		—			—			53,492
Balance December 31, 2025		163,162	$	1,632	$	2,416,237	$	10,431,284	$	(10,162,460	)	$	(125,451	)	$	2,561,242

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1 Description of Business and Organization

Waters Corporation (the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us”), a global leader in analytical instruments and software, has pioneered innovations in chromatography, mass spectrometry and thermal analysis serving life, materials and food sciences for more than 65 years. The Company primarily designs, manufactures, sells and services high-performance liquid chromatography (“HPLC”), ultra-performance liquid chromatography (“UPLC” and together with HPLC, referred to as “LC”) and mass spectrometry (“MS”) technology systems and support products, including chromatography columns, other consumable products and comprehensive post-warranty service plans. These systems are complementary products that are frequently employed together

(“LC-MS”)

and sold as integrated instrument systems using common software platforms. LC is a standard technique and is utilized in a broad range of industries to detect, identify, monitor and measure the chemical, physical and biological composition of materials, and to purify a full range of compounds. MS technology, principally in conjunction with chromatography, is employed in drug discovery and development, including clinical trial testing, the analysis of proteins in disease processes (known as “proteomics”), nutritional safety analysis and environmental testing.

LC-MS

instruments combine a liquid phase sample introduction and separation system with mass spectrometric compound identification and quantification. In addition, the Company designs, manufactures, sells and services thermal analysis, rheometry and calorimetry instruments through its TA Instruments product line. These instruments are used in predicting the suitability and stability of fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, water, polymers, metals and viscous liquids for various industrial, consumer goods and healthcare products, as well as for life science research. The Company is also a developer and supplier of advanced software-based products that interface with the Company’s instruments, as well as other manufacturers’ instruments.

~~seven-and-a-half~~Acquisition of BD Biosciences & Diagnostic Solutions Businesses

On February 9, 2026, the Company completed the acquisition (the “BDS Business Acquisition”) of the Biosciences & Diagnostic Solutions business (the “BDS Business”) of Becton, Dickinson and Company (“BD”). The transaction was structured as a Reverse Morris Trust transaction, where the BDS Business was spun off to BD shareholders and simultaneously merged with a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The 2025 financial results of the BDS Business are not included in the Company’s 2025 consolidated financial results presented herein.

2 Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent liabilities at the dates of the financial statements. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, goodwill and intangible assets, income taxes, ~~litigation~~ and inventory valuation. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual amounts may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the analytical instrument industry, including, but not limited to, global economic and financial market conditions, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, fluctuations in customer demand, development by its competitors of new technological innovations, costs of developing new technologies, levels of debt and debt service requirements, risk of disruption, dependence on key

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

~~its~~personnel, protection and litigation of proprietary technology, shifts in taxable income between tax jurisdictions and compliance with regulations of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and similar foreign regulatory authorities and agencies.

Food

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, which are wholly owned. The Company consolidates entities in which it owns or controls 50% or more of the voting shares. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Translation of Foreign Currencies

The functional currency of each of the Company’s foreign operating subsidiaries is the local currency of its country of domicile, except for the Company’s subsidiaries in Hong Kong and Singapore, where the underlying transactional cash flows are denominated in currencies other than the respective local currency of domicile. The functional currency of the Hong Kong and Singapore subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar, based on the respective entity’s cash flows.

For the Company’s foreign operations, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date, while revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the respective period. Any resulting translation gains or losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s net sales derived from operations outside the United States were 6869%, 6968% and 7069% in ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included primarily in cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations. In ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, foreign currency transactions resulted in net losses of $3628 million, $1636 million and $3116 million, respectively.

Seasonality of Business

The Company typically experiences seasonality in its orders that is reflected as an increase in sales in the fourth quarter, as a result of purchasing habits for capital goods of customers that tend to exhaust their spending budgets by calendar

year-end.

Cash, ~~Cash Equivalents~~ and ~~Investments~~Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents represent highly liquid investments, with original maturities of 90 days or less, primarily in bank deposits, U.S. treasury bill money market funds and commercial paper. Investments with longer maturities are classified as investments, and are held primarily in U.S. treasury bills, U.S. dollar-denominated treasury bills and commercial paper, bank deposits and corporate debt securities.

The Company maintains cash balances in various operating accounts in excess of federally insured limits, and in foreign subsidiary accounts in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, $372 million out of $588 million and $275 million out of $325 million, respectively, of the Company’s total cash, cash equivalents and investments were held by foreign subsidiaries. In addition, $306 million out of $588 million and $226 million out of $325 million of cash, cash equivalents and investments were held in currencies other than the U.S. dollar at December 31, 2025 and 2024,

respectively.

~~The~~Accounts ~~Company~~Receivable ~~maintains cash balances in various operating accounts in excess of federally insured limits,~~ and inAllowance ~~foreign~~for ~~subsidiary~~Credit ~~accounts~~Losses in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $275 million out of $325 million and $321 million out of $396 million, respectively, of the Company’s total cash, cash equivalents and investments were held by foreign subsidiaries. In addition, $226 million out of $325 million and $233 million out of $396 million of cash, cash equivalents and investments were held in currencies other than the U.S. dollar at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

60Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company has very limited use of rebates and other cash considerations payable to customers and, as a result, the transaction price

Table of Contents

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

determination does not have any material variable consideration. The Company does not consider there to be significant concentrations of credit

~~Accounts~~risk ~~Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses~~

with respect to trade receivables due to the short-term nature of the balances, the Company having a large and diverse customer base, and the Company having a strong historical experience of collecting receivables with minimal defaults. As a result, credit risk is considered low across territories and trade receivables are considered to be a single class of financial asset. The allowance for credit losses is based on a number of factors and is calculated by applying a historical loss rate to trade receivable aging balances to estimate a general reserve balance along with an additional adjustment for any specific receivables with known or anticipated issues affecting the likelihood of recovery. Past due balances with a probability of default based on historical data as well as relevant available forward-looking information are included in the specific adjustment. The historical loss rate is reviewed on at least an annual basis and the allowance for credit losses is reviewed quarterly for any required adjustments. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.

Trade receivables related to instrument sales are collateralized by the instrument that is sold. If there is a risk of default related to a receivable that is collateralized, then the fair value of the collateral is calculated and adjusted for the cost to

off-balance

re-possess,

refurbish and

re-sell

the instrument. This adjusted fair value is compared to the receivable balance and the difference would be recorded as the expected credit loss.

The following is a summary of the activity of the Company’s allowance for credit losses for the twelve months ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 (in thousands):

	Balance at Beginning of Period		Additions		Deductions and Other			Balance ~~atEnd~~at ~~ofPeriod~~End of Period
Allowance for Credit Losses
December 31, 2025	$	14,269	$	5,834	$	(8,029	)	$	12,074
December 31, 2024	$	19,335	$	3,198	$	(8,264	)	$	14,269
December 31, 2023	$	14,311	$	8,120	$	(3,096	)	$	19,335
December 31, 2022	$	13,228	$	6,509	$	(5,426	)	$	14,311

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company sells its products and services to a significant number of large and small customers throughout the world, with net sales to the pharmaceutical industry of approximately 5859%, 5758% and 5957% in ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively. None of the Company’s individual customers accounted for more than 2% of annual Company sales in ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 or ~~2022~~2023. The Company performs continuing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral, but in certain circumstances may require letters of credit or deposits. Historically, the Company has not experienced significant credit losses.

Inventory

The Company values all of its inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a

first-in,

first-out

basis (“FIFO”).

Income Taxes

611

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The accounting standards for income taxes require that a company continually evaluate the necessity of establishing or changing a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets depending on whether it is more likely than not that the actual benefit of those assets will be realized in future periods.

Leases

The Company’s lease portfolio consists primarily of operating leases. The Company’s operating leases consist of property leases for sales, demonstration, laboratory, warehouse and office spaces, automotive leases for sales and service personnel and equipment leases, primarily used in our manufacturing and distribution operations. The Company categorizes leases as either operating or finance leases at the commencement date of the lease. The Company does not have any material financing leases.

The Company makes variable lease payments that do not depend on a rate or index, primarily for items such as real estate taxes and other expenses. These expenses are recorded as variable costs in the period incurred. For the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, variable costs incurred were not material.

The Company’s lease agreements may include tenant improvement allowances, rent holidays, and/or contingent rent provisions as well as a certain number of these leases contain rental escalation clauses that are either fixed or adjusted periodically for inflation of market rates which are factored into our determination of lease payments at lease inception. The Company’s leases also sometimes include renewal options and/or termination options which are included in the determination of the lease term when they are reasonably certain to be exercised.

The Company has lease agreements which contain lease and

non-lease

components, which are accounted for as a single lease component for all underlying classes of assets.

For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records a

right-of-use

asset and lease liability at the present value of lease payments over the term of the leases and records rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has elected not to apply the recognition requirements to short-term leases with terms less than 12 months. For short-term leases, the Company recognizes lease payments in net income on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023,

~~and~~costs incurred related to short-term leases were not material.

~~related~~When available, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments to determine the present value of the lease liabilities; however, most of the leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate and, as required by the accounting guidance, the Company estimates its incremental secured borrowing rate to discount the lease payments based on information available at lease commencement (or, for the leases in existence on the adoption date, the January 1, 2019 information). The Company’s incremental borrowing rate reflects the estimated rate of interest that the Company would pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.

When available, the Company uses the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments to determine the present value of the lease liabilities; however, most of the leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit 72

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

environment

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense, while the costs of significant improvements are capitalized. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: buildings —

~~Expenditures~~ fifteen

thirty-nine

years; building improvements —

five

to ten years; leasehold improvements — the shorter of the economic useful life or life of lease; and production and other equipment —

three

to ten years. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of the assets disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the consolidated balance sheets and related gains or losses are reflected in the consolidated statements of operations.

Asset Impairments

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment at the asset group level in accordance with the accounting standards for property, plant and equipment. Whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable, the Company evaluates the recoverability of the carrying value of the asset based on the expected future cash flows, relying on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, operating results, business plans, economic projections and anticipated future cash flows. If the asset is deemed not recoverable, it is written down to fair value and the impairment is recorded in the consolidated statements of operations.

non-cash

million in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of operations for the impairment of various equity investments without readily determinable fair values accounted for under the measurement alternative or the equity method of accounting. The impairments resulted from the substantial doubt of the investee’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Business Combinations and Asset Acquisitions

As of the acquisition date the results of the acquiree are included in the Company’s consolidated results and the purchase price is allocated to tangible and intangible assets and assumed liabilities based on their estimated fair values. Any excess of the fair value consideration transferred over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill.

~~non~~Acquired in-~~amortizable~~process research

and development (“IPR&D”) included in a business combination is capitalized as an indefinite-lived intangible asset. Development costs incurred after the acquisition are expensed as incurred and acquired IPR&D is tested for impairment annually until completion of the acquired programs. Upon commercialization, this indefinite-lived intangible asset is then accounted for as a finite-lived intangible asset and amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, subject to periodic impairment reviews. If the research and development project is abandoned, the indefinite-lived asset is charged to expense. Legal costs, due diligence costs, business valuation costs and all other business acquisition costs are expensed when incurred.

The ~~customer~~Company ~~relationship~~also ~~intangible~~acquires ~~assets~~intellectual ~~were~~property ~~the~~through ~~most~~licensing ~~significant~~arrangements. ~~identifiable~~These ~~assets~~arrangements often require upfront payments and may include additional milestone or royalty payments, contingent upon certain future events. IPR&D acquired in ~~the~~an asset acquisition of(as ~~Wyatt.~~opposed ~~The~~to ~~customer~~a ~~relationships~~business ~~were~~combination) ~~valued~~is ~~using~~expensed ~~the~~immediately ~~multi-period~~unless ~~excess~~there ~~earnings~~is ~~method~~an ~~under~~alternative ~~the~~future ~~income approach~~use. ~~Our~~Subsequent ~~cash~~payments ~~flow~~made ~~projections~~ for the ~~customer~~achievement ~~relationships~~of ~~acquired~~milestones ~~included~~are ~~significant~~evaluated ~~judgments~~to ~~and~~determine ~~assumptions~~whether ~~related~~they have an alternative future use or should be expensed. Payments made to ~~customer~~third ~~attrition~~parties ~~rate,~~subsequent ~~discount~~to ~~rate~~commercialization are capitalized and amortized over the remaining useful life of the related asset, and ~~forecasted~~are ~~revenues~~classified as intangible assets.

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

more-likely-than-not

that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative impairment test will be required. Otherwise, no further testing will be required. If a quantitative impairment test is performed, we compare the fair values of the applicable reporting units with their aggregate carrying values, including goodwill. Estimating the fair value of the reporting units requires significant judgment by management. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value up to the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company performs an annual goodwill impairment assessment for its reporting units as of the last day of the first month of the fourth fiscal quarter each year. The Company has two reporting units: Waters and TA. Goodwill is allocated to the reporting units at the time of acquisition.

one

fifteen

years. Other intangibles are amortized over a period ranging from

one

to ten years. Acquired IPR&D is amortized from the date of completion of the acquired program over its estimated useful life.

Goodwill totaled $1.3 billion as of both December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024, respectively. Net intangible assets and long-lived assets amounted to $~~568~~558 million and $~~651~~642 million, as of December 31, ~~2024~~2025, respectively, and $~~629~~568 million and $~~639~~651 million as of December 31, ~~2023~~2024, respectively.

Software Development Costs

The Company capitalizes internal and external software development costs for products offered for sale in accordance with the accounting standards for the costs of software to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed. Capitalized costs are amortized to cost of sales over the period of economic benefit, which approximates a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related software products, generally

three

to ten years. The Company capitalized $54 million, $34 million and $44 million of direct expenses that were related to the development of software in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Net capitalized software included in intangible assets totaled $171 million and $154 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 7, “Goodwill and Other Intangibles”.

The Company capitalizes software development costs for internal use. Capitalized internal software development costs are amortized over the period of economic benefit, which approximates a straight-line basis over ten years. Net capitalized internal software included in property, plant and equipment totaled $63 million and $56

million ~~ten~~at ~~years~~December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Additionally, net capitalized internal software included in other assets totaled $37 million and $2 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

~~Net~~Fair ~~capitalized~~Value ~~internal~~Measurements ~~software included in property, plant and equipment totaled $~~

56In accordance with the accounting standards for fair value measurements and disclosures, certain of the Company’s assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December ~~million~~31, 2025 and $2024. Fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize observable data, such as quoted prices in active markets. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs utilize unobservable data points for which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

~~million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.~~4

Other Investments

The Company accounts for its investments that represent less than twenty percent ownership, and for which the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence, using the accounting standards for

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

~~investments~~The infollowing ~~equity~~table ~~securities.~~represents ~~Investments for which~~ the Company’s ~~does~~assets ~~not have the ability to exercise significant influence,~~ and ~~for~~liabilities ~~which~~measured ~~there is not a readily determinable market value, are accounted for~~ at ~~cost,~~fair ~~adjusted for subsequent observable price changes as applicable. The Company periodically evaluates the carrying~~ value ofon ~~its investments for which the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence, and for which there is not~~ a ~~readily~~recurring ~~determinable~~basis ~~fair value and carries them~~ at ~~cost~~December 31, ~~less~~2025 ~~impairment, adjusted for subsequent observable price changes. For equity investments~~ (in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of the investee, the equity method of accounting is used. The Company’s share of net income or losses of equity method investments is included in the consolidated statements of operations and was not material in any period presented. thousands):


	Total at December 31, 2025		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Waters 401(k) Restoration Plan assets	$	30,834	$	30,834	$	—	$	—
Foreign currency exchange contracts		329		—		329		—
Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements		346		—		346		—
Interest rate swap cash flow hedge		34		—		34		—

Total	$	31,543	$	30,834	$	709	$	—

Liabilities:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	248	$	—	$	248	$	—
Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements		50,493		—		50,493		—
Interest rate swap cash flow hedge		2,384		—		2,384		—

Total	$	53,125	$	—	$	53,125	$	—

non-cash

Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with the accounting standards for fair value measurements and disclosures, certain of the Company’s assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize observable data, such as quoted prices in active markets. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs utilize unobservable data points for which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

The following table represents the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

	Total atDecember 31,2024		Quoted Pricesin ActiveMarkets forIdenticalAssets(Level 1)		SignificantOtherObservableInputs(Level 2)		SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)
	Total at December 31, 2024		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Time deposits	$	934	$	—	$	934	$	—
Waters 401(k) Restoration Plan assets	$	30,137	$	30,137	$	—	$	—
Waters 401(k) Restoration Plan assets		30,137		30,137		—		—
Foreign currency exchange contracts		482		—		482		—
Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements		26,196		—		26,196		—
Interest rate swap cash flow hedge		503		—		503		—
Total	$	5857,~~252~~318	$	30,137	$	2827,~~115~~181	$	—
Liabilities:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	261	$	—	$	261	$	—
Interest rate swap cash flow hedge		641		—		641		—
Total	$	902	$	—	$	902	$	—

65Fair Value of 401(k) Restoration Plan Assets

The 401(k) Restoration Plan is a nonqualified defined contribution plan, and the assets were held in registered mutual funds and have been classified as Level 1. The fair values of the assets in the plan are determined through market and observable sources from daily quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

~~The~~Fair ~~following~~Value ~~table~~of ~~represents~~Cash ~~the~~Equivalents, ~~Company’s~~Foreign ~~assets~~Currency ~~and~~Exchange ~~liabilities~~Contracts, ~~measured~~Interest atRate ~~fair~~Cross-Currency ~~value~~Swap onAgreements aand ~~recurring~~Interest ~~basis~~Rate atSwap ~~December 31,~~Cash ~~2023~~Flow ~~(in~~Hedges ~~thousands):~~

	Total atDecember 31,2023		Quoted Pricesin ActiveMarkets forIdenticalAssets(Level 1)		SignificantOtherObservableInputs(Level 2)		SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)
Assets:
Time deposits	$	898	$	—	$	898	$	—
Waters 401(k) Restoration Plan assets		28,995		28,995		—		—
Foreign currency exchange contracts		183		—		183		—
Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements		4,835		—		4,835		—
Total	$	34,911	$	28,995	$	5,916	$	—
Liabilities:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	207	$	—	$	207	$	—
Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements		13,384		—		13,384		—
Interest rate swap cash flow hedge		2,974		—		2,974		—
Total	$	16,565	$	—	$	16,565	$	—

The fair values of the Company’s cash equivalents, foreign currency exchange contracts, interest rate cross-currency swap agreements and interest rate swap cash flow hedges are determined through market and observable sources and have been classified as Level 2. These assets and liabilities have been initially valued at the transaction price and subsequently valued, typically utilizing third-party pricing services. The pricing services use many inputs to determine value, including reportable trades, benchmark yields, credit spreads, broker/dealer quotes, current spot rates and other industry and economic events. The Company validates the prices provided by third-party pricing services by reviewing their pricing methods and obtaining market values from other pricing sources.

Fair Value of 401(k) Restoration Plan Assets

The 401(k) Restoration Plan is a nonqualified defined contribution plan and the assets were held in registered mutual funds and have been classified as Level 1. The fair values of the assets in the plan are determined through market and observable sources from daily quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges.

Fair Value of Cash Equivalents, Investments, Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts, Interest Rate Cross-Currency Swap Agreements and Interest Rate Swap Cash Flow Hedges

The fair values of the Company’s cash equivalents, investments, foreign currency exchange contracts, interest rate cross-currency swap agreements and interest rate swap cash flow hedges are determined through market and observable sources and have been classified as Level 2. These assets and liabilities have been initially valued at the transaction price and subsequently valued, typically utilizing third-party pricing services. The pricing services use many inputs to determine value, including reportable trades, benchmark yields, credit spreads, broker/dealer quotes, current spot rates and other industry and economic events. The Company validates the prices provided by third-party pricing services by reviewing their pricing methods and obtaining market values from other pricing sources.

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

~~stimate~~The Company’s accounts receivable and accounts payable are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value due to their short-term nature. The carrying value of the Company’s variable interest rate debt approximates fair value due to the variable nature of the interest rate. The carrying value of the Company’s fixed interest rate debt was $1.3 billion at both December 31, 2025 and 2024. The fair value of the Company’s fixed interest rate debt was estimated using discounted cash flow models, based on estimated current rates offered for similar debt under current market conditions for the Company. The fair value of the Company’s fixed interest rate debt was estimated to be $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, using Level 2 inputs.

and $1.2 billion at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, using Level 2 inputs.

Derivative Transactions

currency exchange rates. The Company is exposed to currency price risk on foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations when it translates its

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

non-U.S.

dollar foreign subsidiaries’ financial statements into U.S. dollars and when any of the Company’s subsidiaries purchase or sell products or services in a currency other than its own currency.

yen-denominated

net asset investments. The Company presents the derivative transactions in financing activities in the statement of cash flows.

Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts

The Company does not specifically enter into any derivatives that hedge foreign-currency-denominated operating assets, liabilities or commitments on its balance sheet, other than a portion of certain third-party accounts receivable and accounts payable, and the Company’s net worldwide intercompany receivables and payables, which are eliminated in consolidation. The Company periodically aggregates its net worldwide balances by currency and then enters into foreign currency exchange contracts that mature within 90 days to hedge a portion of the remaining balance to minimize some of the Company’s currency price risk exposure. The foreign currency exchange contracts are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. Principal hedged currencies include the euro, Japanese yen, British pound, Mexican peso and Brazilian real.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Cash Flow Hedges

1-month,

3-month

~~lock~~6-inmonth

Term SOFR. The variable rate interest payments create interest risk for the Company as interest payments will fluctuate based on changes in the contractually specified interest rate index over the life of the Credit Facility. In order to reduce interest rate risk, the Company has entered into interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional value of $150 million to effectively lock in the forecasted interest payments on the variable rate borrowing over its term. The interest rate swaps represent cash flow hedges and are assessed for hedge effectiveness each reporting period. When the hedge relationship is highly effective at achieving offsetting changes in cash flows, the Company will record the entire change in fair value of the interest rate swaps in accumulated other comprehensive loss. The amount in accumulated other comprehensive loss is reclassified to income in the period that the underlying transaction impacts consolidated income. If it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur, the hedge relationship will be

de-designated,

and amounts accumulated in other comprehensive loss will be reclassified to income in the current period. Interest settlements due to benchmark interest rate changes are recorded in interest income or interest expense. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, the Company did not have any cash flow hedges that were deemed ineffective.

Interest Rate Cross-Currency Swap Agreements

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had entered into interest rate cross-currency swap derivative agreements with durations up to three years with an aggregate notional value of $900 million to hedge the variability in the movement of foreign currency exchange rates on a portion of its euro-denominated and

yen-denominated

net asset investments. Under hedge accounting, the change in fair value of the derivative that relates to changes in the foreign currency spot rate are recorded in the currency translation adjustment in other comprehensive income and remain in accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity until the sale or substantial

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

liquidation of the foreign operation. The difference between the interest rate received and paid under the interest rate cross-currency swap derivative agreement is recorded in interest income in the statement of operations.

	December 31, 2024					December 31, 2023
	December 31, 2025					December 31, 2024
	Notional Value		Fair Value			Notional Value		Fair Value
Foreign currency exchange contracts:
Other current assets	$	1439,~~999~~053	$	~~482~~329		$	2414,~~155~~999	$	~~183~~482
Other current liabilities	$	2418,~~749~~979	$	~~261~~248		$	1624,~~000~~749	$	~~207~~261
Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements:
Other assets	$	~~625~~20,000	$	~~26,196~~346		$	~~220~~625,000	$	426,~~835~~196
Other liabilities	$	880,000	$	50,493		$	~~405,000~~—	$	~~13,384~~—
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)			$	32,979				$	(7,975	)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income			$	(53,730	)		—	$	32,979
Interest rate swap cash flow hedges:
Other assets	$	~~100~~50,000	$	~~503~~34		$	—100,000	$	—503
Other liabilities	$	50100,000	$	~~641~~2,384		$	~~100~~50,000	$	~~2,974~~641
Accumulated other comprehensive loss			$	(138	)			$	(2,974	)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income			$	(2,350	)		—	$	(138	)

~~The~~77 following is a summary of the activity included in the consolidated statements of operations and statements of comprehensive income related to the foreign currency exchange contracts, interest rate cross-currency swap agreements and interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges (in thousands):

	Financial Statement Classification		Year Ended December 31,
			2024			2023			2022
Foreign currency exchange contracts:
Realized gains (losses) on closed contracts		Cost of sales	$	850		$	224		$	(3,855	)
Unrealized gains (losses) on open contracts		Cost of sales		245			(156	)		(176	)
Cumulative net pre-tax gains (losses)		Cost of sales	$	1,095		$	68		$	(4,031	)
Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements:
Interest earned		Interest income	$	10,110		$	10,974		$	8,872
Unrealized gains (losses) on open contracts		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	40,954		$	(18,001	)	$	25,969
Interest rate swap cash flow hedges:
Interest earned		Interest income	$	1,281		$	326		$	—
Unrealized losses on open contracts		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(2,835	)	$	(2,974	)	$	—

Stockholders’ Equity

million, respectively, under authorized share repurchase programs. The Company did not make any open market share repurchases in 2024. In addition, the Company repurchased

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

02The following is a summary of the activity included in the consolidated statements of operations and statements of comprehensive income related to the foreign currency exchange contracts, interest rate cross-currency swap agreements and interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges (in thousands):


	Financial Statement Classification		Year Ended December 31,
	Financial Statement Classification		2025			2024			2023
Foreign currency exchange contracts:
Realized (losses) gains on closed contracts		Cost of sales	$	(1,780	)	$	850		$	224
Unrealized (losses) gains on open contracts		Cost of sales		(140	)		245			(156	)

Cumulative net pre-tax (losses) gains		Cost of sales	$	(1,920	)	$	1,095		$	68

Interest rate cross-currency swap agreements:
Interest earned		Interest income	$	10,920		$	10,110		$	10,974
Unrealized (losses) gains on open contracts (1 )		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(86,709	)	$	40,954		$	(18,001	)
Interest rate swap cash flow hedges:
Interest earned		Interest income	$	468		$	1,281		$	326
Unrealized losses on open contracts		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(2,211	)	$	(2,835	)	$	(2,974	)

(1)	Unrealized (losses) gains on open contracts from interest rate cross-currency swap agreements fluctuated year over year primarily due to changes in foreign exchange rates, which resulted in period-to-period variability.

Stockholders’ Equity

In December 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the extension of the existing share repurchase program through January 21, 2028. The Company’s remaining authorization is $1.0 billion. During 2023, the Company repurchased 0.2 million shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock at a cost of $58 million, under authorized share repurchase programs. The Company did not make any open market share repurchases in 2025 and 2024. In addition, the Company repurchased $15 million, $13 million and $12

million of common stock related to the vesting of restricted stock units during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has a total of $1.0 billion authorized for future repurchases.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue on product sales at the time control of the product transfers to the customer. Certain of the Company’s customers have terms where control of the product transfers to the customer on shipment, while others have terms where control transfers to the customer on delivery. All incremental costs of obtaining a contract are expensed as and when incurred if the expected amortization period of the asset that would have been recognized is one year or less. Shipping and handling costs are included as a component of cost of sales. In situations where the control of the goods transfers prior to the completion of the Company’s obligation to ship the products to its customers, the Company has elected the practical expedient to account for the shipping services as a fulfillment cost. Accordingly, such costs are recognized when control of the related goods is transferred to the customer. In more rare situations, the Company has revenue associated with products that contain specific customer acceptance criteria and the related revenue is not recognized before the customer acceptance criteria are satisfied. The Company elected to exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transactions and collected by the Company from a customer.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

that contain specific customer acceptance criteria and the related revenue is not recognized before the customer acceptance criteria are satisfied. The Company elected to exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transactions and collected by the Company from a customer.

when-and-if-available

basis.

Payment terms and conditions vary among the Company’s revenue streams, although terms generally include a requirement of payment within 30 to 60 days of product shipment. Prior to providing payment terms to customers, an evaluation of their credit risk is performed. Returns and customer credits are infrequent and insignificant and are recorded as a reduction to sales. Rights of return are not included in sales arrangements and, therefore, there is minimal variable consideration included in the transaction price of our products.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Service revenue includes (1) service and software maintenance contracts and (2) service calls (time and materials). Instrument service contracts and software maintenance contracts are typically annual contracts, which are billed at the beginning of the contract or maintenance period. The amount of the service and software maintenance contract is recognized on a straight-line basis to revenue over the maintenance service period, which is the contractual term of the contract, as a time-based measure of progress best reflects the Company’s performance in satisfying this obligation. There are no deferred costs associated with the service contract, as the cost of the service is recorded when the service is performed. Service calls are recognized to revenue at the time a service is performed.

Product Warranty Costs

The Company accrues estimated product warranty costs at the time of sale, which are included in cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations. While the Company engages in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of its component suppliers, the Company’s warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, material usage and service delivery costs incurred in correcting a product failure. The amount of the accrued warranty liability is based on historical information, such as past experience, product failure rates, number of units repaired and estimated costs of material and labor. The liability is reviewed for reasonableness at least quarterly.

The following is a summary of the activity of the Company’s accrued warranty liability for the twelve months ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 (in thousands):

	Balance atBeginning of Period		Accruals for Warranties		Settlements Made			Balance atEnd of Period
Accrued warranty liability:
December 31, 2024	$	12,050	$	7,214	$	(7,662	)	$	11,602
December 31, 2023	$	11,949	$	7,727	$	(7,626	)	$	12,050
December 31, 2022	$	10,718	$	10,067	$	(8,836	)	$	11,949

~~Advertising~~Table ~~Costs~~of Contents

~~million~~NOTES ~~for~~TO ~~the~~CONSOLIDATED ~~twelve~~FINANCIAL ~~months~~STATEMENTS ~~ended~~— ~~December~~(Continued) ~~31, 2024 and $7 million for both the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.~~


	Balance at Beginning of Period		Accruals for Warranties		Settlements Made			Balance at End of Period
Accrued warranty liability:
December 31, 2025	$	11,602	$	7,301	$	(6,642	)	$	12,261
December 31, 2024	$	12,050	$	7,214	$	(7,662	)	$	11,602
December 31, 2023	$	11,949	$	7,727	$	(7,626	)	$	12,050

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including salaries and benefits, facilities costs, overhead costs, contract services and other outside costs. Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has two stock-based compensation plans, which are described in Note 13, “Stock-Based Compensation”.

Earnings Per Share

In accordance with the earnings per share accounting standards, the Company presents two earnings per share (“EPS”) amounts. Income per basic common share is based on income available to common shareholders and the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. Income per diluted common share includes additional dilution from potential common stock, such as stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of stock options outstanding.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Retirement Plans

The Company sponsors various retirement plans, which are described in Note 16, “Retirement Plans”.

Comprehensive Income

The Company accounts for comprehensive income in accordance with the accounting standards for comprehensive income, which establish the accounting rules for reporting and displaying comprehensive income. These standards require that all components of comprehensive income be reported in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements.

Restructuring

In March 2024, the Company implemented a reduction in workforce that impacted approximately 2% of the Company’s employees, primarily in China, where there had been a significant decline in sales as a result of lower customer demand. As a result, the Company incurred approximately $9 million of severance-related costs. During 2024, the Company paid $15 million of severance-related costs in connection with the workforce reduction that occurred in March 2024 and July 2023.

InThe ~~March~~accrued ~~2024,~~restructuring ~~the~~activity ~~Company~~and ~~implemented~~payments awere ~~reduction~~immaterial induring ~~workforce~~the ~~that~~year ~~impacted~~ended ~~approximately~~December 31, 2025.

March 2024 and

million at December 31, 2024 and $

million at December 31, 2023 and included in other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In March 2020, accounting guidance was issued that facilitates the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments in the update provide optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for or recognizing the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting and apply to all entities, subject to meeting certain criteria, that have contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. In January of 2021, an update was issued to clarify that certain optional expedients and exceptions under the reference rate reform guidance for contract modifications and hedge accounting apply to derivatives that are affected by the discounting transition. Specifically, certain provisions in the reference rate reform guidance, if elected by an entity, apply to derivative instruments that use an interest rate for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment that is modified as a result of reference rate reform. This temporary guidance is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020, through December 31, 2022. In December 2022, an update was issued because the cessation date for overnight LIBOR rates being published was extended to June 30, 2023, which was beyond the current expiration date of this guidance. The update extended the sunset date to December 31, 2024. The Company may elect to apply this guidance for all contract modifications or eligible hedging relationships during that time period subject to certain criteria. The Company did not elect to adopt this guidance because the Company did not have material reference rate exposure which required utilizing the guidance under this accounting pronouncement.

In November 2023, accounting guidance was issued that requires additional disclosures of reportable segment information. The guidance requires that public entities disclose, on an annual and interim basis (1) significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, (2) an amount for other segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition (the other segment items category is the difference

, accounting guidance was issued that requires additional disclosures of reportable segment information. The guidance requires that public entities disclose, on an annual and interim basis

71(1) significant

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

~~between~~ segment ~~revenue less the segment~~ expenses disclosed under the significant expense principle and each reported measure of segment profit or loss), (3) provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets currently required by Topic 280 in interim periods, (4) clarify that ifare ~~the~~regularly ~~CODM~~provided ~~uses more than one measure of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how~~ to ~~allocate resources, a public entity may report one or more of those additional measures of segment profit. However, at least one of~~ the ~~reported~~chief ~~segment~~operating ~~profit~~decision ormaker ~~loss measures~~ (~~or the single reported measure, if only one is disclosed~~“CODM”) ~~should be the measure that is most consistent with the measurement principles used in measuring the corresponding amounts in the public entity’s consolidated financial statements, (5) the title~~ and ~~position~~included ofwithin ~~the~~each ~~CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the~~ reported measure~~(s)~~ of segment profit or loss ~~in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources~~, and (6) if a public entity has a single reportable segment to provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this update and all existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. The amendments in this update do not change how operating segments are identified or aggregated nor how the quantitative thresholds are applied to determine its reportable segments. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Upon transition, the segment expense categories and amounts disclosed in the prior periods should be based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption. The Company has adopted this accounting standard update and included its significant expense categories in Note 17 “Business Segment Information”.

(2)

an amount for other segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition (the other segment items category is the difference between segment revenue less the segment expenses disclosed under the significant expense principle and each reported measure of segment profit or loss),

(3)

provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets currently required by Topic

280

in interim periods,

(4)

clarify that if the CODM uses more than

one

measure of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, a public entity may report

one

or more of those additional measures of segment profit. However, at least

one

of the reported segment profit or loss measures (or the single reported measure, if only

one

is disclosed) should be the measure that is most consistent with the measurement principles used in measuring the corresponding amounts in the public entity’s consolidated financial statements,

(5)

the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment

profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how

to allocate resources, and (6) if a public entity has a single reportable segment to provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this update and all existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. The amendments in this update do not change how operating segments are identified or aggregated nor how the quantitative thresholds are applied to determine its reportable segments. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Upon transition, the segment expense categories and amounts disclosed in the prior periods should be based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption.

The Company adopted this accounting standard update for the year ended December 31, 2024.

In December 2023, accounting guidance was issued to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in this update change disclosure requirements related to the rate reconciliation, income taxes paid and other disclosures. For the rate reconciliation the amendments require that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. For income taxes paid the amendments require that all entities disclose on an annual basis the following information; (1) the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign taxes, (2) the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid (net of refunds received) is equal to or greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). Finally, for other disclosures the amendments require that all entities disclose the following information: (1) income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign, and (2) income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign. This update also eliminates the requirement for all entities to (1) disclose the nature and estimate of the range of the reasonably possible change in the unrecognized tax benefits balance in the next 12 months or (2) make a statement that an estimate of the range cannot be made. As well as removing the requirement to disclose the cumulative amount of each type of temporary difference when a deferred tax liability is not recognized because of the exceptions to comprehensive recognition of deferred taxes related to subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024.

Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The amendments in this update should be applied on a prospective basis and retrospective application is permitted. The Company has adopted this accounting standard update on a prospective basis and included the disclosures in Note

9 “Income Taxes”.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In ~~December~~November ~~2023~~2024, accounting guidance was issued to ~~enhance~~improve ~~the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax~~ disclosures. The amendments in this update change disclosure requirements related to the rate reconciliation, income taxes paid and other disclosures. For the rate reconciliation the amendments require that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. For income taxes paid the amendments require that all entities disclose on an annual basis the following information; (1) the amount of ~~income~~expenses ~~taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal (national), state,~~ and ~~foreign~~address ~~taxes,~~requests ~~(2) the~~from ~~amount~~investors of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid (net of refunds received) is equal to or greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). Finally, for ~~other~~more ~~disclosures~~detailed ~~the amendments require that all entities disclose the following~~ information: ~~(1) income~~about (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign, and (2) income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign. This update also eliminates the ~~requirement~~types ~~for all entities to (1) disclose the nature and estimate~~ of ~~the~~expenses ~~range of the reasonably possible change in the unrecognized tax benefits balance in the next 12 months or~~ (~~2) make~~including apurchases ~~statement that an estimate~~ of the range cannot be made. As well as removing the requirement to disclose the cumulative amount of each type of temporary difference when a deferred tax liability is not recognized because of the exceptions to comprehensive recognition of deferred taxes related to subsidiaries and corporate joint ventures. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15inventory, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The amendments in this update should be applied on a prospective basis and retrospective application is permitted. The Company does not believe this accounting standard update will have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this accounting standard update will have on our footnote disclosures.

In81 ~~November 2024, accounting guidance was issued to improve disclosures of expenses and address requests from investors for more detailed information about the types of expenses (including purchases of~~

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

employee compensation, depreciation, amortization, and deplet

~~inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, amortization, and depletion~~ion) in commonly presented expense captions (such as cost of sales, SG&A, and research and development). This incremental information will allow investors to better understand the components of an entity’s expenses, make their own judgements about the entity’s performance, and more accurately forecast expenses which will allow investors to better assess an entity’s prospects for future cash flows. The amendments in this update require disclosure, in the notes to the financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses. The amendments require that at each interim and annual reporting period an entity (1) disclose the amounts of (a) purchases of inventory, (b) employee compensation, (c) depreciation, (d) intangible asset amortization included in each relevant expense caption. A relevant expense caption is an expense caption presented on the face of the income statement within continuing operations that contains any of the expense categories listed in (a) — (d), (2) include certain amounts that are already required to be disclosed under current generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the same disclosure as the other disaggregation requirements, (3) disclose a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively, (4) disclose the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s definition of selling expenses. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied either (1) prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of this update or (2) retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company does not believe this accounting standard update will have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this accounting standard update will have on our footnote disclosures.

in commonly presented expense captions (such as cost of sales, SG&A, and research and development). This incremental information will allow investors to better understand the components of an entity’s expenses, make their own judgements about the entity’s performance, and more accurately forecast expenses which will allow investors to better assess an entity’s prospects for future cash flows. The amendments in this update require disclosure, in the notes to the financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses. The amendments require that at each interim and annual reporting period an entity (1) disclose the amounts of (a) purchases of inventory, (b) employee compensation, (c) depreciation, (d) intangible asset amortization included in each relevant expense caption. A relevant expense caption is an expense caption presented on the face of the income statement within continuing operations that contains any of the expense categories listed in (a)–(d), (2) include certain amounts that are already required to be disclosed under current generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the same disclosure as the other disaggregation requirements, (3) disclose a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively, (4) disclose the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s definition of selling expenses. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied either (1) prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date of this update or (2) retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company does not believe this accounting standard update will have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this accounting standard update will have on our footnote disclosures.

In September 2025, accounting guidance was issued to amend the existing guidance for accounting for software costs to reflect current software development practices, including iterative and agile methodologies, by removing references to development stages. Under the new standard, entities will begin to capitalize eligible software costs when (i) management has authorized and committed to funding the software project, and (ii) it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended. The amendments in this standard are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments may be applied either prospectively, retrospectively, or utilizing a modified transition approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this accounting standard update will have on our consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures.

In November 2025, accounting guidance was issued, which includes amendments to more closely align hedge accounting with the economics of an entity’s risk management activities. The amendment enables entities to apply hedge accounting to a greater number of highly effective economic hedges in the following five areas: (1) similar risk assessment for cash flow hedges, (2) hedging forecasted interest payments on choose-your-rate debt instruments, (3) cash flow hedges of nonfinancial forecasted transactions, (4) net written options as hedging instruments, and (5) foreign-currency-denominated debt instrument as hedging instrument and hedged item (dual hedge). The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this accounting standard update will have on our consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures.

3 Revenue Recognition

The Company’s deferred revenue liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets consist of the obligation on instrument service contracts and customer payments received in advance, prior to transfer of control of the instrument. The Company records deferred revenue primarily related to its service contracts, where consideration is billable at the beginning of the service period.

~~The~~82 ~~following is a summary of the activity of the Company’s deferred revenue and customer advances for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):~~

	December 31,
	2024			2023			2022
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	323,516		$	285,175		$	273,598
Recognition of revenue included in balance at beginning of the period		(265,167	)		(240,808	)		(230,615	)
Revenue deferred during the period, net of revenue recognized		261,697			279,149			242,192
Balance at the end of the period	$	320,046		$	323,516		$	285,175

The Company classified $69 million and $67 million of deferred revenue and customer advances in other long-term liabilities at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The ~~amount~~following ofis ~~unfulfilled~~a ~~performance~~summary ~~obligations as~~ of ~~December 31,~~the ~~2024,~~activity ~~and~~of the ~~time~~Company’s ~~such~~deferred ~~amounts~~revenue ~~are~~and ~~expected~~customer toadvances befor ~~recognized~~the intwelve ~~the~~months ~~future~~ended December 31, is2025, as2024 ~~follows~~and 2023 (in thousands):

	December 31, 2024
	December 31,
Unfulfilled performance obligations expected to be recognized in:
	2025			2024			2023
One year or less	$	262,752
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	320,046		$	323,516		$	285,175
13-24 months		38,008
Recognition of revenue included in balance at beginning of the period		(275,549	)		(265,167	)		(240,808	)
25 months and beyond		31,232
Revenue deferred during the period, net of revenue recognized		300,224			261,697			279,149
Total	$	331,992
Balance at the end of the period	$	344,721		$	320,046		$	323,516

The Company classified $

million and $

million of deferred revenue and customer advances in other long-term liabilities at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The amount of unfulfilled performance obligations as of December 31, 2025, and the time such amounts are expected to be recognized in the future, is as follows (in thousands):


	December 31, 2025
Unfulfilled performance obligations expected to be recognized in:
One year or less	$	280,276
13-24 months		39,968
25 months and beyond		38,213

Total	$	358,457

4 Inventories

Inventories are classified as follows (in thousands):

	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	December 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Raw materials	$	~~227~~234,~~032~~633	$	~~233~~227,~~952~~032
Work in progress		2128,~~801~~157		2021,~~198~~801
Finished goods		~~228~~309,~~428~~581		~~262~~228,~~086~~428
Total inventories	$	~~477~~572,~~261~~371	$	~~516~~477,~~236~~261

During ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, the Company recorded inventory-related excess and obsolescence provisions of $146 million, $1114 million and $1411 million, respectively.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

5 Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consist of the following (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2024			2023
	2025			2024
Land and land improvements	$	4043,~~945~~768		$	3540,~~635~~945
Buildings and leasehold improvements		~~547~~566,~~666~~102			~~488~~547,~~667~~666
Production and other equipment		~~752~~824,~~872~~229			~~748~~752,~~411~~872
Construction in progress		3948,~~180~~206			~~118~~39,~~492~~180
Total property, plant and equipment		1,~~380~~482,~~663~~305			1,~~391~~380,~~205~~663
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(~~729~~840,~~463~~259	)		(~~752~~729,~~132~~463	)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	~~651~~642,~~200~~046		$	~~639~~651,~~073~~200

During ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, the Company retired and disposed of approximately $~~108~~15 million, $48108 million and $2448 million of property, plant and equipment, respectively, most of which was fully depreciated and no longer in use. Gains or losses on disposals were immaterial for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023.

6 Acquisitions

On May 20, 2025, the Company acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of Optofluidics, Inc., and its wholly owned operating subsidiary, Halo Labs LTD (collectively, “Halo Labs”), for $35

~~billion~~million, net of cash acquired. ~~Wyatt~~There is ano ~~pioneer~~contingent inconsideration ~~innovative~~related ~~light scattering and field-flow fractionation instruments, software, accessories and services. The acquisition has expanded Waters’ portfolio and increased our exposure~~ to ~~large~~this ~~molecule applications~~acquisition.

Halo Labs offers high throughput biopharmaceutical formulation, stability and product quality control tools for aggregate and subvisible particle analysis through the use of custom optics and image processing techniques. As a result of the acquisition, the results of Halo Labs are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date.

The Company allocated ~~the purchase price of the acquisition to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The Company allocated~~ $

13 million of the purchase price to intangible assets comprised of developed technology and customer relationships. The developed technology will be amortized over ten years, and the customer relationships will be amortized over five years. The Company allocated $24

million of the purchase price to goodwill, which is not deductible for tax purposes and has been allocated to the Waters operating segment. The principal factor that resulted in recognition of goodwill in the acquisition was that the purchase price was based, in part, on cash flow projections assuming the integration of any acquired technology, distribution channels and products with the Company’s products, which are higher than if the acquired companies’ technology, customer access or products were utilized on a stand-alone basis.

744

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The assets and liabilities

acquired were valued with input from valuation s

the purchase price to intangible assets comprised of developed technology, trade name and customer relationships. The developed technology and customer relationships will be amortized over ten years and the trade name will be amortized over five years. pec

ialists. The Company used various income-approach valuation techniques, which use Level 3 inputs, in determining the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired.

The ~~intangible~~following ~~assets~~table ~~were~~presents ~~valued with input from valuation specialists. The Company used variations of~~ the ~~income approach, which uses Level 3 inputs, in determining the~~ fair ~~value~~values as of ~~intangible assets acquired in~~ the ~~Wyatt~~ acquisition. ~~Specifically,~~date ~~the~~of ~~customer~~all ~~relationships were valued using the multi-period excess earnings method under the income approach. The Company utilized the relief from royalty method to determine the fair value~~ of the ~~tradename~~assets and ~~the~~liabilities ~~developed~~owned ~~technology.~~and ~~The~~recorded ~~following~~in ~~table~~connection ~~presents~~with the ~~allocation~~acquisition of ~~the~~Halo ~~purchase~~Labs ~~price to the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities~~ assumed on the closing date of May 1620, ~~2023~~2025 (in thousands):

Purchase Price
Cash paid	$	135,~~307,978~~815
Less: cash acquired		(~~25,624~~762	)
Net cash consideration		135,~~282,354~~053
Identifiable Net Assets (Liabilities) Acquired
Accounts receivable		~~20,099~~962
Inventory		141,~~706~~296
Deferred tax assets		11,335
Prepaid, property, plant and equipment, operating lease and other assets		2,415
Prepaid and other assets		1,096
Intangible assets		13,400
Property, plant and equipment		9,056
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(1,966	)
Operating lease assets		5,204
Operating lease liabilities, deferred revenue and other liabilities		(2,004	)
Intangible assets		418,100
Tax liabilities		(2,821	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(31,664	)
Total identifiable net assets acquired		11,282
Operating lease liabilities		(5,204	)
Goodwill		23,771
Tax liabilities		(3,917	)
Net cash consideration	$	35,053
Deferred revenue		(15,219	)
Other liabilities		(5,728	)
Total identifiable net assets acquired		417,864
Goodwill		864,490
Cash consideration paid	$	1,282,354

The ~~details~~amounts of revenue and earnings of Halo Labs since the ~~purchase~~acquisition ~~price~~date ~~allocated~~included toin the ~~intangible~~consolidated ~~assets~~statements ~~acquired~~of ~~and~~operations for the ~~estimated~~year ~~useful~~ended ~~lives~~December 31, ~~are~~2025 were immaterial. The pro forma effect on the ongoing operations of the Company as ~~follows~~though ~~(dollars~~this inacquisition ~~thousands):~~had occurred on January 1, 2024 was immaterial to the consolidated financial statements.

	Amount		Weighted-AverageLife
Developed technology	$	80,000		10 years
Customer relationships		330,600		10 years
Trade name		7,500		5 years
Total		$418,100

On May 16, 2023, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Wyatt for $1.3 billion, net of cash acquired. Wyatt is a pioneer in innovative light scattering and field-flow fractionation instruments, software, accessories and services. The acquisition has expanded Waters’ portfolio and increased our exposure to large molecule applications.

The Company allocated $864 million of the purchase price to goodwill which is primarily deductible for tax purposes and has been allocated to the Waters Division operating segment. The goodwill arising from the acquisition consists largely of the value of intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition such as workforce in place and cash flows from the integration of acquired technology, distribution channels and products with the Company’s products, which are higher than if the acquired companies’ technology, customer access or products were utilized on a stand-alone basis.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Wyatt

expenses

million during the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Wyatt, which are recorded in selling and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

The following unaudited pro forma information is presented for illustrative purposes only. It is not necessarily indicative of the actual results of operations that actually would have been realized had the entities been a single company as of January 1, 2022 or the future operating results of the combined entity. The unaudited pro forma information does not give effect to the potential impact of current financial conditions, regulatory matters or any anticipated synergies that may be associated with the acquisition. The unaudited pro forma information also does not include any integration costs that the Company may incur related to the acquisition as part of combining the operations of the companies.

The following unaudited pro forma information shows the results of the Company’s operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 ~~and 2022~~, as if the Wyatt acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2022 (in thousands):

	December 31, 2023		~~December 31, 2022~~
Revenue	$	2,995,001	$	~~3,086,281~~
Net income		658,431		~~651,869~~

To85 reflect the acquisition of Wyatt as if it had occurred on January 1, 2022, the unaudited pro forma information includes adjustments to reflect, among other things, the incremental intangible asset amortization to be incurred based on the values of each identifiable intangible asset of Wyatt and the interest expense from debt financings obtained to partially fund the cash consideration transferred. Pro forma adjustments were tax effected at the Company’s historical statutory rates in effect for the respective periods.

non-recurring

two-year

the remaining

million will be paid in the future at various dates through 2029. This CDMS technology makes it possible to analyze extremely large proteins and protein complexes used in cell and gene therapies that would otherwise be difficult to analyze with conventional mass spectrometry. Once this technology is further

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

~~In-Process Research~~To reflect the acquisition of Wyatt as if it had occurred on January 1, 2022, the unaudited pro forma information includes adjustments to reflect, among other things, the incremental intangible asset amortization to be incurred based on the values of each identifiable intangible asset of Wyatt and the interest expense from debt financings obtained to partially fund the cash consideration transferred. Pro forma adjustments were tax effected at the Company’s historical statutory rates in effect for the respective periods.

Pro forma net income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, was adjusted to exclude certain non-recurring expenses related to transaction costs incurred and the fair value adjustment of inventory. These non-recurring expenses were reclassified to the prior period and included in the pro forma net income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023.

In conjunction with the Wyatt acquisition, the Company entered into retention agreements with certain employees, in which the Company agreed to pay a total of $40 million, in two equal installments upon the first and second anniversary of the acquisition date. As these employees are earning their individual cash award by providing service over the two-year period that benefits the Company, the $40 million will be recognized within total costs and operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations over the two-year service period. The Company has recorded $4

million, $18 million and

million of expense in the consolidated statement of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

7 Goodwill and Other Intangibles

The carrying amount of goodwill was $~~1.3 billion at both December 31, 2024 and 2023.~~

1.3

billion at both December 31, 2025 and 2024.

The Company’s intangible assets included in the consolidated balance sheets are detailed as follows (dollars in thousands):

December 31, 2024

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2025

December 31, 2024

Gross Carrying Amount

Accumulated Amortization

Weighted- Average Amortization Period

Gross Carrying Amount

Accumulated Amortization

Weighted- Average Amortization Period

Capitalized software

~~662~~793,~~085~~622

~~508~~622,~~339~~970

5 years

~~660~~662,~~273~~085

~~495~~508,~~317~~339

5 years

Purchased intangibles

~~610~~632,~~351~~017

~~241~~295,~~093~~564

10 years

~~614~~610,~~357~~351

~~197~~241,~~154~~093

10 years

Trademarks

9,680

—

9,680

—

Licenses

1415,~~549~~611

911,~~628~~750

7 years

14,~~798~~549

89,~~429~~628

7 years

Patents and other intangibles

~~117~~135,~~781~~645

8798,~~480~~113

8 years

~~111~~117,~~962~~781

8087,~~983~~480

8 years

Total

1,~~414~~586,~~446~~575

~~846~~1,~~540~~028,397

7 years

1,~~411~~414,~~070~~446

~~781~~846,~~883~~540

7 years

The Company capitalized $4083 million, $~~468~~40 million and $54468 million of intangible assets for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The gross carrying value of intangible assets and accumulated amortization for intangible assets decreased by $37 million and $39 million, respectively, in the year ended December 31, 2024 ~~due to the effects of foreign currency translation. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $105 million, $81 million~~ and ~~$58 million for the years ended December 31, 2024,~~ 2023 ~~and 2022~~, respectively. In addition, in the year ended December 31, 2023, the company wrote off a $4 million intangible asset that was fully amortized. Amortization expense for intangible assets is estimated to be $107 million per year for each of the next five years.

The gross carrying value of intangible assets and accumulated amortization for intangible assets increased by $89 million and $65 million, respectively, in the year ended

December 31, 2025 due to the effects of foreign currency translation.

Amortization

expense for intangible assets was $118 million, $105 million and $81 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets is estimated to be $121 million per year for each of the next five years.

8 Debt

OnThe ~~July 12, 2024 the~~ Company ~~entered~~has ~~into~~ a ~~private~~credit ~~Master~~agreement ~~Note Facility Agreement (the “Shelf Agreement”)~~ with ~~NYL~~an ~~Investors~~aggregate ~~LLC,~~borrowing ~~pursuant~~capacity toof ~~which~~$1.8 billion. ~~the~~As ~~Company~~of ~~may~~December 31, ~~at its option~~2025, ~~authorize~~ the ~~issuance~~Company ~~and~~had ~~sale~~a total of ~~senior~~$1.4 billion ~~promissory~~in ~~notes~~outstanding ~~(the~~debt, ~~“Shelf~~which ~~Notes”)~~consisted upof to$1.3 billion anin ~~aggregate~~outstanding ~~principal amount of $~~

~~million.~~86 ~~The purchase of any Shelf Notes is in the sole discretion of NYL. Any Shelf Notes sold or issued pursuant to the Shelf Agreement will mature no more than~~

September 2026

one-month

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

~~Government~~senior ~~Securities~~unsecured ~~Business~~notes ~~Day),~~and ~~plus~~ $0.1~~% annum) or the applicable~~ ~~1, 3~~billion orborrowed ~~6 month~~under ~~adjusted~~its ~~Term~~credit ~~SOFR~~agreement. orThe ~~EURIBO~~Company’s ~~rate~~net ~~for~~debt ~~euro-denominated~~borrowings ~~loans,~~as inof ~~each case~~December 31, ~~plus~~2025 anwere ~~interest~~$220 million ~~rate~~lower ~~margin~~than ~~based~~as ~~upon~~of ~~the~~December 31, ~~Company’s leverage ratio~~2024, ~~which~~while ~~can~~the ~~range~~net ~~between~~borrowings 0as ~~and~~of ~~12.5~~December 31, ~~basis~~2024 ~~points~~were ~~for~~$730 million ~~alternate~~lower ~~base~~than ~~rate~~as ~~loans~~of ~~and between 80 and 112.5~~December ~~basis~~31, ~~points for Term SOFR or EURIBO rate loans~~2023. ~~The~~These ~~facility~~changes ~~fee~~in onoutstanding ~~the~~debt ~~Credit~~balances ~~Facility~~over ~~ranges~~these ~~between~~periods ~~7.5 and~~is ~~25 basis~~attributable ~~points~~to ~~per annum, based on~~ the ~~leverage~~funding ~~ratio,~~ of the ~~amount~~2023 ofWyatt ~~the~~acquisition ~~revolving~~and ~~facility~~the ~~commitments~~subsequent ~~and~~debt ~~the~~repayments ~~outstanding~~in ~~term~~2024 ~~loan~~and 2025.

On May ~~The~~22, ~~Credit~~2025, ~~Facility~~the ~~requires~~Company and certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors, entered into an Amendment and Restatement Agreement (the “Amendment”) in respect of that certain Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of September 17, 2021 and amended as of March 3, 2023 (the ~~Company~~“Existing ~~comply~~Credit Agreement”, and as amended by the Amendment, the “Amended Credit Agreement”), with the lenders and issuing banks party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, pursuant to which the Company, among other things, reduced the aggregate total borrowing capacity of its existing senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) by up to $200 million for an ~~interest~~aggregate ~~coverage~~principal ~~ratio~~amount ~~test~~of up to $1.8 billion. As of ~~not~~December 31, ~~less~~2025 ~~than~~and December 31, 2024, the Credit Facility had a total of $0.1 billion and $0.4 billion outstanding, respectively.

The Credit Facility will mature on May 22, 2030 subject to the Company’s ability to request, subject to customary conditions, a

~~:1 as of the end of any fiscal quarter for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters and a leverage ratio test of not more than~~ one-year

extension to which each lender may, in its discretion, agree. The Company may, subject to customary conditions, also request additional incremental revolving or term loan commitments from the lenders in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $750 million to which each lender may,

:1in asits ~~of the end of any fiscal quarter. In addition~~discretion, ~~the Credit Facility includes negative covenants, affirmative covenants, representations and warranties and events of default that are customary for investment grade credit facilities.~~

~~As of both December 31~~agree, ~~2024~~provided ~~and~~that ~~2023,~~ the ~~Company~~aggregate ~~had~~amount ~~a total~~ of ~~$1.3 billion~~all ofcommitments, ~~outstanding~~including ~~senior~~any ~~unsecured~~such ~~notes.~~incremental ~~Interest~~commitments, onunder the ~~fixed~~Amended ~~rate~~Credit ~~senior~~Agreement ~~unsecured~~does ~~notes~~not isexceed ~~payable semi-annually each year~~$2.55 billion ~~Interest on the floating rate senior unsecured notes is payable quarterly. The Company may prepay all or some of the senior unsecured notes~~ at any time ~~in an amount not less than 10% of the aggregate principal amount outstanding~~. InUp ~~the event of a change in control of the Company (as defined in the note purchase agreement), the Company may be required~~ to ~~prepay~~$50 million ~~the senior unsecured notes at a price equal to 100%~~ of the ~~principal~~Credit ~~amount~~Facility ~~thereof,~~is ~~plus~~available ~~accrued~~in ~~and unpaid interest. These senior unsecured notes require that~~ the ~~Company~~form ~~comply with an interest coverage ratio test~~ of ~~not~~letters ~~less than 3.50:1 for any period~~ of ~~four consecutive fiscal quarters and a leverage ratio test of not more than 3~~credit.~~50:1~~ ~~as of the end of any fiscal quarter. In addition, these senior unsecured notes include customary negative covenants, affirmative covenants, representations and warranties and events of default.~~

Interest on borrowings under the Credit Facility will accrue at an applicable rate equal to either Term SOFR plus an applicable spread or an alternate base rate plus an applicable spread, in each case based on the lower of the applicable rates determined as set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement based on the Company’s leverage ratio (determined as of the end of the most recent fiscal quarter for which financial statements have been delivered pursuant to the Amended Credit Agreement) or, when established, the Company’s public debt ratings by certain credit rating agencies applicable on such date. These applicable spreads range from 80 basis points to 112.5 basis points over Term SOFR and 0 basis points to 12.5 basis points over the alternate base rate, in each case, as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Amended Credit Agreement. The Company has agreed to pay a facility fee at specified rates as set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement based on either its leverage ratio (determined as of the end of the most recent fiscal quarter for which financial statements have been delivered pursuant to the Amended Credit Agreement) or the Company’s public debt ratings applicable on such date, as applicable, ranging from 7.5 basis points to 22.5 basis points per annum, on the aggregate commitments of the lenders. The facility fee is payable on a quarterly basis. The Company has the right to prepay borrowings under the Credit Facility at any time, in whole or in part and without premium or penalty (other than, if applicable, any breakage costs). The Company may also reduce its commitments under the Credit Facility at any

~~The~~time. ~~Company had the following outstanding debt at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):~~

	December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Senior unsecured notes - Series G - 3.92%, due June 2024	$	—		$	50,000
Total notes payable and debt, current		—			50,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series K - 3.44%, due May 2026		160,000			160,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series L - 3.31%, due September 2026		200,000			200,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series M - 3.53%, due September 2029		300,000			300,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series N - 1.68%, due March 2026		100,000			100,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series O - 2.25%, due March 2031		400,000			400,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series P - 4.91%, due May 2028		50,000			50,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series Q - 4.91%, due May 2030		50,000			50,000
Credit agreement		370,000			1,050,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(3,512	)		(4,487	)
Total long-term debt		1,626,488			2,305,513
Total debt	$	1,626,488		$	2,355,513

The Company may use borrowings under the Credit Facility, which may be in United States dollars or the euro equivalent thereof, for general corporate purposes including repayment of debt, financing of acquisitions,

Aspayment of ~~December 31,~~related ~~2024~~fees and ~~2023~~expenses, ~~the~~equity ~~Company~~repurchases ~~had~~and aworking ~~total~~capital. ~~amount~~Certain ~~available~~of tothe ~~borrow~~Company’s subsidiaries guarantee its obligations under the Amended Credit ~~Facility~~Agreement. ofThose ~~$1.6 billion~~guarantees ~~and~~will ~~$0.9 billion,~~automatically ~~respectively~~terminate, ~~after~~and ~~outstanding~~those ~~letters~~subsidiaries ofwill ~~credit.~~be ~~The~~automatically ~~weighted-average~~released ~~interest~~from ~~rates~~those ~~applicable~~guarantees, toif ~~the~~those ~~senior~~subsidiaries ~~unsecured~~cease ~~notes~~to ~~and~~guarantee ~~credit~~the ~~agreement~~Company’s ~~borrowings~~senior ~~collectively~~unsecured ~~were~~notes ~~3.72%~~ and ~~4.69%~~do atnot ~~December 31,~~guarantee ~~2024~~any ~~and~~other ~~2023,~~senior ~~respectively.~~debt As of ~~December 31, 2024,~~ the Company ~~was in compliance with all debt covenants~~.

The ~~Company~~Amended ~~and~~Credit ~~its~~Agreement ~~foreign~~contains ~~subsidiaries~~affirmative ~~also~~and ~~had~~negative ~~available~~covenants, ~~short-term~~including ~~lines~~limitations ofon ~~credit~~subsidiary ~~totaling~~debt, ~~$111 million~~liens, sale and ~~$114 million~~leaseback ~~at December 31~~transactions, ~~2024~~mergers and ~~December 31,~~certain ~~2023,~~restrictive ~~respectively~~agreements, ~~for~~as ~~the~~well ~~purpose~~as ofa ~~short-term~~financial ~~borrowing~~covenant ~~and~~to ~~issuance~~not ofpermit ~~commercial~~a ~~guarantees.~~leverage ~~None~~ratio as of the ~~Company’s~~end ~~foreign~~of ~~subsidiaries~~any ~~had~~fiscal ~~outstanding~~quarter ~~short-term~~to ~~borrowings~~exceed as3.50 ofto ~~December 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023~~1.00 (which

7887

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

may be increased to 4.25 to 1.00 at the Company’s election as of the last day of the fiscal quarter during which the Company’s closing of a material acquisition for which the aggregate consideration involves cash in the amount of $

~~Annual maturities of debt outstanding at December 31, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):~~ 500

million or more) and a financial covenant to not permit an interest coverage ratio as of the end of any fiscal quarter for the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters then ended to be less than 3.50 to 1.00. The Credit Facility contains certain representations, warranties and events of default (which are, in some cases, subject to certain exceptions, thresholds and grace periods) including, but not limited to,

	Total
2025	$	—
2026		830,000
2027		—
2028		50,000
2029		300,000
Thereafter		450,000
Total	$	1,630,000

non-payment

of principal and interest, failure to perform or observe covenants, breaches of representations and warranties and certain bankruptcy-related events.

As of both December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had a total of $1.3 billion of outstanding senior unsecured notes. Interest on the fixed rate senior unsecured notes is payable semi-annually each year. The Company may prepay all or some of the senior unsecured notes at any time in an amount not less than

% of the aggregate principal amount outstanding. In the event of a change in control of the Company (as defined in the note purchase agreement), the Company may be required to prepay the senior unsecured notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest. These senior unsecured notes require that the Company comply with an interest coverage ratio test of not less than 3.50:1 for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters and a leverage ratio test of not more than 3.50:1 as of the end of any fiscal quarter. In addition, these senior unsecured notes include customary negative covenants, affirmative covenants, representations and warranties and events of default.

Concurrently with the execution of the merger agreement related to the BDS Business Acquisition (the “Merger Agreement”), the Company and a financial institution executed a 364-day bridge facility commitment letter, pursuant to which such financial institution committed to provide bridge financing of

1.8

billion to fund dividends, fees and expenses related to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, on the terms and conditions set forth therein. As of December 31, 2025,

amounts related to the bridge facility have been drawn. The Company incurred

million of financing costs that are being amortized over the term of the bridge facility. In addition, in connection with the Merger, the Company incurred

million of financing costs on behalf of SpinCo. These financing costs were expensed in the year ended December 31, 2025.

The Company had the following outstanding debt at December 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Senior unsecured notes - Series K - 3.44%, due May 2026	$	160,000		$	—
Senior unsecured notes - Series L - 3.31%, due September 2026		200,000			—
Senior unsecured notes - Series N - 1.68%, due March 2026		100,000			—

Total notes payable and debt, current		460,000			—
Senior unsecured notes - Series K - 3.44%, due May 2026		—			160,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series L - 3.31%, due September 2026		—			200,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series M - 3.53%, due September 2029		300,000			300,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series N - 1.68%, due March 2026		—			100,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series O - 2.25%, due March 2031		400,000			400,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series P - 4.91%, due May 2028		50,000			50,000
Senior unsecured notes - Series Q - 4.91%, due May 2030		50,000			50,000
Credit agreement		150,000			370,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(2,555	)		(3,512	)

Total long-term debt		947,445			1,626,488

Total debt	$	1,407,445		$	1,626,488

Table of Contents

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had a total amount available to borrow under the Credit Facility of $1.6 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, after outstanding letters of credit. The weighted-average interest rates applicable to the senior unsecured notes and credit agreement borrowings collectively were 3.35% and 3.72% at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants.

The Company and its foreign subsidiaries also had available short-term lines of credit totaling $110 million and $111 million at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, for the purpose of short-term borrowing and issuance of commercial guarantees. None of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries had outstanding short-term borrowings as of December 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

Annual maturities of debt outstanding at December 31, 2025 are as follows (in thousands):


	Total
2026	$	460,000
2027		—
2028		50,000
2029		300,000
2030		200,000
Thereafter		400,000

Total	$	1,410,000

In connection with the BDS Business Acquisition, on January 8, 2026, SpinCo entered into a Term Loan Credit Agreement with the lenders named therein, Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent (the “Agent”), and the other parties party thereto (the “SpinCo Credit Agreement”). On February 6, 2026 (the “Funding Date”), SpinCo borrowed $4.0 billion of unsecured term loans under the SpinCo Credit Agreement, consisting of a $3.5 billion tranche which will mature and be payable in full 364 days after the Funding Date (“Tranche A”) and a $500

million tranche which will mature and be payable in full on the second anniversary of the Funding Date (“Tranche B”), and such funds were used by SpinCo on the Funding Date to finance the SpinCo Cash Distribution. Upon consummation of the BDS Business Acquisition, all of this indebtedness was assumed by the Company. The Company plans to refinance the $3.5 billion tranche in the first quarter of 2026 with long-term bond financing. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to do so on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If the Company is unable to obtain financing on commercially reasonable terms, the Company may be required to reduce or delay investments, strategic acquisitions and capital expenditures, seek additional capital to refinance its indebtedness or use existing borrowing capacity under its existing revolving credit facility. The Company plans to repay the $500 million tranche at or prior to maturity.

9 Income Taxes

Income tax data for the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 is as follows (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
	2025		2024		2023
The components of income before income taxes are as follows:
Domestic	$	~~121~~57,~~630~~267	$	74121,~~119~~630	$	~~133~~74,~~816~~119
Foreign		~~633~~697,~~238~~611		~~662~~633,~~124~~238		~~704~~662,~~030~~124
Total	$	754,~~868~~878	$	~~736~~754,~~243~~868	$	~~837~~736,~~846~~243

	Year Ended December 31,
	2024			2023			2022
The components of the income tax provision were as follows:
Federal	$	20,609		$	178		$	62,153
State		6,395			6,427			8,025
Foreign		90,907			88,601			91,901
Total current tax provision	$	117,911		$	95,206		$	162,079
Federal	$	(383	)	$	(2,457	)	$	(26,551	)
State		303			(3,029	)		(4,420	)
Foreign		(797	)		4,289			(1,017	)
Total deferred tax provision		(877	)		(1,197	)		(31,988	)
Total provision	$	117,034		$	94,009		$	130,091

The differences between income taxes computed at the United States statutory rate and the provision for income taxes are summarized as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2024			2023			2022
Federal tax computed at U.S. statutory income tax rate	$	158,522		$	154,611		$	175,948
GILTI, net of foreign tax credits		4,820			15,103			17,812
Uncertain tax positions		5,024			(16,211	)		1,051
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit		6,078			2,880			3,605
Net effect of foreign operations		(47,732	)		(48,587	)		(55,273	)
Effect of stock-based compensation		(2,155	)		(2,262	)		(7,341	)
Other, net		(7,523	)		(11,525	)		(5,711	)
Provision for income taxes	$	117,034		$	94,009		$	130,091

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

% for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in the Company’s effective tax rate in 2024 can primarily be attributed to the recognition of a previously unrecognized tax benefit of $


	Year Ended December 31,
	2025			2024			2023
The components of the income tax provision were as follows:
Federal	$	8,997		$	20,609		$	178
State		4,838			6,395			6,427

Foreign		113,071			90,907			88,601

Total current tax provision	$	126,906		$	117,911		$	95,206

Federal	$	(18,553	)	$	(383	)	$	(2,457	)
State		(564	)		303			(3,029	)
Foreign		4,460			(797	)		4,289

Total deferred tax provision		(14,657	)		(877	)		(1,197	)

Total provision	$	112,249		$	117,034		$	94,009

million as a result of the completion of a tax examination in 2023


	Year Ended December 31,
	2025
Income tax payments (net of refunds received):
U.S. Federal		138,007
U.S. State and Local		6,376
Non-U.S.
Ireland		59,221
Other Non-U.S.		40,632

Total income taxes paid, (net of refunds received)	$	244,236

A reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2025 was as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2025			%
U.S. federal statutory tax rate	$	158,524			21.0	%
State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect (a)		1,043			0.1	%
Foreign tax effects
Ireland
Statutory tax rate difference between Ireland and United States		(36,662	)		(4.9	%)
Nondeductible interest expense		9,861			1.3	%
Other		(499	)		(0.1	%)
Singapore
Statutory tax rate difference between Singapore and United States		(7,459	)		(1.0	%)
Local taxes at a rate different than the statutory rate (b)		(3,380	)		(0.4	%)
Other		3,448			0.5	%
Other foreign jurisdictions		13,416			1.8	%
Effect of cross-border tax laws
Global intangible low-taxed income, net of foreign tax credits		3,470			0.5	%
Other, net of foreign tax credits		(1,368	)		(0.2	%)
Tax credits
Foreign tax credits		(29,952	)		(4.0	%)
Other		(6,659	)		(0.9	%)
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
Other		9,578			1.3	%

Changes in unrecognized tax benefits		(2,306	)		(0.3	%)
Other adjustments		1, 1 9 4			0. 2	%

Effective income tax rate	$	112,249			14.9	%

Table of Contents

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(a)	State taxes in California, Pennsylvania , Minnesota, New Jersey and New York made up the majority (greater than 50 percent) of the tax effect in this category.

(b)	The tax expense (benefit) related to the concessionary tax rate in Singapore was reduced by $14 million due to the global minimum tax under Pillar Two.


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024			2023
Federal tax computed at U.S. statutory income tax rate	$	158,522		$	154,611
GILTI, net of foreign tax credits		4,820			15,103
Uncertain tax positions		5,024			(16,211	)
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit		6,078			2,880
Net effect of foreign operations		(47,732	)		(48,587	)
Effect of stock-based compensation		(2,155	)		(2,262	)
Other, net		(7,523	)		(11,525	)

Provision for income taxes	$	117,034		$	94,009

The Company’s effective tax rate was

14.9

15.5

% and

12.8

% for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023

, respectively.

The decrease in the Company’s effective tax in 2025 can primarily be attributed to the jurisdictional mix of earnings.

The Company’s effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate each year due to differences in the proportionate amounts of

pre-tax

%, ~~respectively,~~income asrecognized ofin ~~December 31,~~jurisdictions ~~2024.~~with ~~The~~different ~~Company~~effective ~~has~~tax arates ~~Development~~ and ~~Expansion~~the ~~Incentive~~items indiscussed ~~Singapore that provides a concessionary income tax rate of~~ below.

$4 million, $14 million and $16 million and increased the Company’s net income per diluted share by $0.06, $0.24 and $0.27 for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023,

arespectively. The Singapore 2025 benefit of $4 million and $0.06 per diluted share is reduced by $14 million and $0.24 per diluted share due to the global minimum tax under Pillar Two, respectively.

During ~~million provision related to the GILTI tax, including the impact of capitalizing research and development expenditures pursuant to IRC Section 174, and a tax benefit of $~~

2025, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the 21% U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the jurisdictional mix of earnings

~~The 2023 effective tax rate differed from the 21% U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the jurisdictional mix of earnings~~, a ~~$18 million~~discrete ~~recognition of a previously unrecognized tax~~ benefit ~~as a result~~ of ~~the completion of a tax examination, a~~ $15 14 million ~~provision~~ related to the ~~GILTI~~enactment ~~tax, including the impact~~ of ~~capitalizing research and development expenditures pursuant to IRC Section 174 and a tax benefit of $3 million on stock-based compensation.~~ OBBBA

, a $3 million provision related to the GILTI tax, including the impact of capitalizing research and development expenditures pursuant to IRC Section 174, and a tax benefit of $3 million on stock-based compensation.

~~The~~During ~~2022~~2024, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from ~~the 21% U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the jurisdictional mix of earnings, an $18 million provision related to the GILTI tax and a tax benefit of $7 million on stock-based compensation.~~

~~The Company recorded a tax provision of $3 million, $4 million and $4 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, for future withholding taxes and U.S. state taxes on~~ the ~~repatriation of 2024, 2023 and 2022 undistributed earnings.~~

80% U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the jurisdictional

mix of earnings, a $5 million provision related to the GILTI tax, including the impact of capitalizing research and development expenditures pursuant to IRC Section 174, and a tax benefit of $3 million on stock-based compensation.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The 2023 effective tax rate differed from the 21% U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the jurisdictional mix of earnings,

$18 million recognition of a previously unrecognized tax benefit as a result of the completion of a tax examination, a $15 million provision related to the GILTI tax, including the impact of capitalizing research and development expenditures pursuant to IRC Section 174 and a tax benefit of $3 million

on stock-based compensation.

The tax effects of temporary differences and carryforwards which give rise to deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are summarized as follows (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2024			2023
	2025			2024
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses and credits	$	~~118~~146,~~854~~742		$	54118,~~901~~854
Operating leases		1617,~~573~~971			2016,~~307~~573
Amortization		912,~~006~~047			59,~~905~~006
Stock-based compensation		6,~~343~~913			76,~~754~~343
Deferred compensation		2018,~~515~~931			1420,~~886~~515
Deferred revenue		1514,~~707~~516			1715,~~127~~707
Inventory		7,083			7,534
Capitalized Section 174 Expenditures		63,535			51,514
Capitalized interest		—			12,586
Other		15,120			20,295
Capitalized Section 174 Expenditures		51,514			34,487
Total deferred tax assets		295,775			258,807
Other		13,212			14,907
Valuation allowance		(140,377	)		(119,464	)
Total deferred tax assets		258,807			190,394
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance		155,398			139,343
Valuation allowance		(119,464	)		(57,873	)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance		139,343			132,521
Deferred tax liabilities:
Capitalized software		(2930,~~309~~942	)		(29,~~281~~309	)
Operating leases		(1617,~~312~~775	)		(2016,~~117~~312	)
Indefinite-lived intangibles		(2943,~~924~~883	)		(1429,~~824~~924	)
Deferred tax liability on foreign earnings		(205,~~278~~608	)		(20,~~374~~278	)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(9598,~~823~~208	)		(8495,~~596~~823	)
Net deferred tax assets	$	4357,~~520~~190		$	4743,~~925~~520

The

Company has gross foreign net operating losses of $595 million, of which $200 million do not expire under current laws

, and

$395 million start expiring in 2026. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has provided a deferred tax valuation allowance of $140 million, of which $134 million relates to certain foreign net operating losses. The Company’s net deferred tax assets associated with net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards are approximately $12

million ~~start~~as ~~expiring~~of inDecember 31, 2025, ~~and~~which ~~$287~~represent ~~million~~the ~~start~~future ~~expiring~~tax inbenefit ~~2041. As~~ of ~~December~~foreign ~~31,~~net ~~2024,~~operating ~~the~~loss ~~Company~~carryforwards ~~has~~and ~~provided a deferred~~ tax ~~valuation~~credit ~~allowance of~~carryforwards.

The Company accounts for its uncertain tax return positions in accordance with the accounting standards for income taxes, which require financial statement reporting of the expected future tax consequences of uncertain tax reporting positions on the presumption that all concerned tax authorities possess full knowledge of those tax reporting positions, as well as all of the pertinent facts and circumstances, but prohibit any discounting of unrecognized tax benefits associated with those reporting positions for the time value of money. The Company continues to classify interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of the provision for income taxes.

~~The following is a summary of the activity of the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, for the year ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):~~2

	2024			2023			2022
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	14,323		$	29,019		$	28,692
Net reductions for settlement of tax audits		—			(17,651	)		—
Net reductions for lapse of statutes taken during the period		(616	)		(512	)		(818	)
Net additions for tax positions taken during the prior period		3,407			2,473			—
Net additions for tax positions taken during the current period		543			994			1,145
Balance at the end of the period	$	17,657		$	14,323		$	29,019

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

~~million,~~The ~~all~~following ofis ~~which,~~a ifsummary ~~recognized,~~of ~~would~~the ~~impact~~activity of the Company’s ~~effective~~gross unrecognized tax ~~rate.~~benefits, ~~The~~excluding ~~Company~~interest isand ~~subject~~penalties, tofor ~~various~~the ~~foreign~~year ~~audits~~ended ~~and~~December ~~inquiries~~31, ~~and~~2025, we2024 ~~currently~~and do2023 ~~not~~(in ~~expect~~thousands): ~~any material adjustments.~~

With limited exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to tax audit examinations in significant jurisdictions for the years ended on or before December 31, 2019. The Company continuously monitors the lapsing of statutes of limitations on potential tax assessments for related changes in the measurement of unrecognized tax benefits, related net interest and penalties and deferred tax assets and liabilities.


	2025			2024			2023
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	17,657		$	14,323		$	29,019
Net reductions for settlement of tax audits		(892	)		—			(17,651	)
Net reductions for lapse of statutes taken during the period		(790	)		(616	)		(512	)
Net (reductions) additions for tax positions taken during the prior period		(1,832	)		3,407			2,473
Net additions for tax positions taken during the current period		1,068			543			994

Balance at the end of the period	$	15,211		$	17,657		$	14,323

As of ~~December 31~~2025, ~~2024,~~ the ~~Company~~total ~~expects~~amount ~~to record additional reductions in the measurement~~ of ~~its~~gross unrecognized tax benefits ~~and~~was ~~related net interest and penalties of approximately~~ $115 million, ~~within~~all ~~the~~of ~~next~~which, ~~twelve~~if ~~months~~recognized, ~~due~~would toimpact ~~potential tax audit settlements and~~ the ~~lapsing~~Company’s ofeffective ~~statutes of limitations on potential~~ tax ~~assessments~~rate. The Company ~~does~~is ~~not~~subject ~~expect~~ to ~~record~~various ~~any~~foreign ~~other~~audits ~~material~~and ~~reductions~~inquiries, inand ~~the~~we ~~measurement~~currently ofdo ~~its~~not ~~unrecognized~~expect ~~tax~~any ~~benefits~~material ~~within the next twelve months~~adjustments.

~~The~~With ~~following~~limited exceptions, the Company is ano ~~summary~~longer ofsubject ~~the~~to ~~activity~~tax ofaudit ~~the~~examinations ~~Company’s~~in ~~valuation~~significant ~~allowance~~jurisdictions for the years ended on or before December 31, ~~2024~~2020. The Company continuously monitors the lapsing of statutes of limitations on potential tax assessments for related changes in the measurement of unrecognized tax benefits, ~~2023~~related net interest and ~~2022~~penalties ~~(in~~and ~~thousands):~~deferred tax assets and liabilities.

	Balance atBeginningof Period		Charged toProvision forIncome Taxes*			Other**			Balance atEnd ofPeriod
	Balance at Beginning of Period		Charged to Provision for Income Taxes*			Other**			Balance at End of Period
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets:
2025	$	119,464	$	5,897		$	15,016		$	140,377
2024	$	57,873	$	64,310		$	(2,719	)	$	119,464
2023	$	54,300	$	1,467		$	2,106		$	57,873
2022	$	58,834	$	(1,647	)	$	(2,887	)	$	54,300

These amounts have been recorded as part of the income statement provision for income taxes. The income statement effects of these amounts have largely been offset by amounts related to changes in other deferred tax balance sheet accounts. The increase in the 2024 charge to the provision for income taxes can be attributed to an increase in foreign net operating losses.

** The changes in the valuation allowance during the years ended December 31, ~~2024~~2025, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 are primarily due to the effect of foreign currency translation on a valuation allowance related to a net operating loss carryforward.

10 Litigation

From time to time, the Company and its subsidiaries are involved in various litigation matters arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes it has meritorious arguments in its current litigation matters and believes any outcome, either individually or in the aggregate, will not be material to the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recorded $12 million of patent litigation settlement

and related costs. No

litigation provisions were recorded and no litigation payments were made by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2025.

11 Leases

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had lease agreements that expire at various dates through 2035, with weighted-average

~~As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had lease agreements that expire at various dates through 2034, with weighted-average~~ remaining ~~lease terms of 3.6 years and 4.5 years, respectively. Rental expense was~~

lease terms of 3.7 years and 3.6 years, respectively. Rental expense was $41 million, $39 million and $38

million for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

aAs of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the weighted-average discount rates used to determine the present value of lease liabilities were

3.92

.% ~~The~~and ~~Company recorded a~~

4.41

%, respectively. During the years ended December $31, 2025, 2024 and

~~million~~2023, ~~and $~~

~~million~~93 ~~increase of right-of-use assets in exchange for new operating lease liabilities during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.~~

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

cash

paid for amounts included in the measurement of

lease liab

Filing Compare · WATERS CORP /DE/