UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): ~~May 20~~July 2, 2025

Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

001-14888

33-0969592

~~001-14888~~

~~33-0969592~~

(State or other jurisdictionof incorporation)

(CommissionFile Number)

(IRS Employer Identification No.)

~~(CommissionFile Number)~~

~~(IRS EmployerIdentification No.)~~

660 W. Germantown Pike, Suite 110 ~~Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462 (Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)~~

Plymouth Meeting, PA 19462

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(267) 440-4200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

☐

Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

☐

Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

☐

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

☐

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value	INO	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Item 51.~~07.~~01 ~~Submission~~Entry ofinto ~~Matters to~~ a ~~Vote~~Material ofDefinitive ~~Security Holders~~Agreement.

On ~~May 20~~July 2, 2025, Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Company”) ~~held~~entered ~~its~~into ~~2025~~an ~~Annual~~underwriting ~~Meeting~~agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Piper Sandler & Co., as representative of ~~Stockholders~~the several underwriters named therein (collectively, the “~~Annual~~Underwriters”), ~~Meeting~~relating to the issuance and sale by the Company in a public offering of 14,285,715 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, atpar ~~which~~value $0.001 per share (the ~~stockholders~~“Common ~~considered~~Stock”), ~~four~~and ~~proposals~~accompanying Series A warrants to purchase up to 14,285,715 shares of its Common Stock (or pre-funded warrants, each representing the right to purchase one share of ~~which~~Common isStock ~~described~~at an exercise price of $0.001 (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) in ~~more~~lieu ~~detail~~thereof) at an exercise price of $1.75 per share of common stock (or $1.749 per Pre-Funded Warrant) (the “Series A Warrants”) and Series B warrants to purchase up to 14,285,715 shares of its Common Stock (or Pre-Funded Warrants in lieu thereof) at an exercise price of $1.75 per share of Common Stock (or $1.749 per Pre-Funded Warrant) (the ~~Company’s~~“Series ~~definitive~~B ~~proxy~~Warrants” ~~statement~~and, ~~filed~~together with the ~~Securities~~Series A Warrants, the “Warrants”), at a combined public offering price of $1.75 per share of Common Stock and ~~Exchange~~accompanying ~~Commission~~Series onA ~~April~~and 7,Series ~~2025~~B Warrants (the “~~Proxy Statement~~Offering”).

OfThe ~~the~~Company ~~36,673,739~~also ~~shares~~granted of the ~~Company’s~~Underwriters ~~common~~an ~~stock,~~option ~~par~~for ~~value~~a ~~$0.001~~period ~~per~~of ~~share~~30 ~~(the~~days ~~“Common~~to ~~Stock”)~~purchase ~~entitled~~up to ~~vote as of the record date~~2,142,857 ~~which~~additional ~~includes~~ shares of ~~Common~~the ~~Stock~~Company’s ~~issuable~~common onstock ~~conversion~~and ~~of outstanding shares of~~ Series CA ~~Cumulative~~Warrants ~~Convertible~~to ~~Preferred~~purchase ~~Stock,~~up ato ~~total of 20~~2,~~020~~142,~~605~~857 additional shares of ~~Common~~its ~~Stock,~~common orstock ~~54.59%,~~and ~~were~~Series ~~present~~B orWarrants ~~represented~~to bypurchase ~~proxy~~up atto ~~the~~2,142,857 ~~Annual~~additional ~~Meeting.~~shares ~~Set~~of ~~forth~~its ~~below~~common ~~are~~stock ~~the~~at ~~results of~~ the ~~matters~~public ~~submitted~~offering ~~for~~price, aless ~~vote~~underwriting ofdiscounts ~~stockholders~~and ~~at the Annual Meeting~~commissions.

~~Proposal~~The 1:net ~~The~~proceeds ~~election~~to ofthe Company from the ~~following~~Offering ~~eight~~are ~~nominees~~expected asto ~~directors~~be ofapproximately $22.5 million, after deducting the ~~Company~~underwriting todiscounts ~~serve~~and ~~until~~commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company’s, ~~2026~~and ~~Annual~~assuming ~~Meeting~~no exercise of ~~Stockholders~~the Underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares and ~~until~~the ~~their~~Warrants. ~~successors~~All of the Shares and the Warrants are ~~elected~~being sold by the Company. The ~~votes~~closing ~~were~~of ~~cast~~the asOffering ~~follows:~~is expected to occur on or about July 7, 2025, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions.

Name of Director Nominee	Votes For	Votes Withheld	Broker Non-Votes
Simon X. Benito	7,316,456	1,747,268	10,956,881
Roger D. Dansey, M.D.	8,172,640	891,084	10,956,881
Ann C. Miller, M.D.	8,360,784	702,940	10,956,881
Jacqueline E. Shea, Ph.D.	8,283,381	780,343	10,956,881
Jay P. Shepard	8,250,576	813,148	10,956,881
David B. Weiner, Ph.D.	8,378,177	685,547	10,956,881
Wendy L. Yarno	8,194,523	869,201	10,956,881
Lota S. Zoth	8,421,250	642,474	10,956,881

The Offering was made pursuant to the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-275445), which was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on January 31, 2024, as supplemented by a prospectus supplement filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).

~~Proposal~~Each 2:Series ~~The~~A ~~ratification~~Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of Common Stock at an exercise price equal to $1.75 per share (or $1.749 per Pre-Funded Warrant), will be immediately exercisable and will expire on the ~~appointment~~date that is the earlier of (i) 12 months from the date of issuance or (ii) 30 days after the date on which the Company first publicly discloses, whether by press release or Form 8-K filing, the ~~Audit~~U.S. ~~Committee~~Food and Drug Administration’s acceptance of a Biologic License Application for INO-3107. Each Series B Warrant entitles the ~~Board~~holder thereof to purchase one share of ~~Directors~~Common Stock at an exercise price equal to $1.75 per share (or $1.749 per Pre-Funded Warrant), will be immediately exercisable and will expire five years from the date of ~~Ernst~~issuance. A &holder ~~Young~~of ~~LLP~~the Warrants will not be entitled to exercise any portion of such Warrant that, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by such holder (together with its affiliates, any other persons acting as a group together with the ~~Company’s~~holder ~~independent~~and ~~registered~~any ~~public~~other ~~accounting~~persons ~~firm~~whose beneficial ownership of Common Stock would be aggregated with the holder for purposes of Section 13(d) of the ~~fiscal~~Securities ~~year~~Exchange ~~ending~~Act ~~December~~of 311934, ~~2025~~as amended) to exceed 4.99% ~~The~~(or, ~~votes~~upon ~~were~~election ~~cast~~by the holder prior to the issuance of the Warrant, 9.99%) of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. If a holder holds less than 20% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding prior to giving effect to the issuance of shares issuable upon exercise, then, upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from such holder, subject to the terms of the Warrants, such holder may increase or decrease such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 19.99%. If the holder is not permitted to exercise a Series A Warrant or a Series B Warrant for common stock due to the foregoing limitation, then the holder may exercise such Warrant for an equivalent number of Pre-Funded Warrants with an exercise price of $0.001. In addition, in certain circumstances, upon a fundamental transaction (as ~~follows:~~described in the Warrants), a holder of Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction or number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation. In lieu of receiving such Common Stock in the fundamental transaction, the Warrant holder may elect to have the Company or the successor entity purchase the holder’s Warrant for its fair market value measured by the Black-Scholes method.

For						Against						Abstain						Broker Non-Votes
19,263,636						600,195						156,774						0

The Underwriting Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, covenants and agreements by the Company, customary conditions to closing, indemnification obligations of the Company and the Underwriters, including for liabilities under the Securities Act, other obligations of the parties and termination provisions. The representations, warranties and covenants contained in the Underwriting Agreement were made only for purposes of such agreement and as of specific dates, were solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, and may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the contracting parties.

~~Proposal~~The 3:foregoing ~~The~~descriptions ~~approval~~of the terms of the Underwriting Agreement, onSeries aA ~~non-binding~~Warrants ~~advisory~~and ~~basis~~Series B Warrants are each qualified in their entirety by reference to the Underwriting Agreement, form of Pre-Funded Warrant, the ~~compensation~~form of ~~the~~Series ~~NEOs~~A ~~described~~Warrant inand the ~~Proxy~~form ~~Statement.~~of ~~The~~Series ~~votes~~B ~~were~~Warrant, ~~cast~~respectively, which are attached as ~~follows:~~ Exhibit 1.1, Exhibit 4.1, Exhibit 4.2 and Exhibit 4.3 hereto, respectively, and incorporated by reference herein.

For						Against						Abstain						Broker Non-Votes
7,853,003						1,058,436						152,285						10,956,881

A copy of the legal opinion of Cooley LLP relating to the validity of the issuance and sale of the securities in the Offering is attached as Exhibit 5.1 hereto.

~~Proposal~~Item ~~4: The approval of the amendment and restatement of the Company’s 2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan as described in the Proxy Statement~~8.01 ~~The~~Other ~~votes were cast as follows:~~ Events

For						Against						Abstain						Broker Non-Votes
7,764,469						1,165,985						133,270						10,956,881

On July 2, 2025 and July 3, 2025, the Company issued press releases announcing the launch and pricing of the Offering, respectively, copies of which are filed as Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and are incorporated herein by reference.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Current Report on Form 8-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “projects,” “plans,” and “future” or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include statements concerning the Offering, such as the expected net proceeds and anticipated closing date. Forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations and are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially and adversely from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Accordingly, these forward-looking statements do not constitute guarantees of future performance, and you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Risks regarding the Company’s business are described in detail in its SEC filings, including in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, which are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Additional information will be made available in other filings that the Company makes from time to time with the SEC. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof, and the Company disclaims any obligation to update these statements except as may be required by law.

Item 9.01

Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibits


Exhibit Number		Exhibit Description

1.1		Underwriting Agreement, dated July 2, 2025, by and between Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Piper Sandler & Co.

4.1		Form of Pre-Funded Warrant.

4.2		Form of Series A Warrant.

4.3		Form of Series B Warrant.

5.1		Opinion of Cooley LLP.

23.1		Consent of Cooley LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).

99.1		Press Release.

99.2		Press Release.

104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL).

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

INOVIO PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

~~INOVIO PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.~~

Date: May 22, 2025

By:

/s/ Peter Kies

Date: July 7, 2025

/s/ Peter Kies

Peter Kies

~~Peter Kies~~

Chief Financial Officer

~~Chief Financial Officer~~

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