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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2025


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-15781

BERKSHIRE HILLS BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

04-3510455

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

60 State Street

Boston

Massachusetts

02109

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (800) 773-5601, ext. 133773

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

BHLB

The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No o

Table of Contents

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ý Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o Smaller reporting company ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes ☐ No ☒

As of August 7, 2025, the Registrant had 46,389,917 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents

BERKSHIRE HILLS BANCORP, INC.

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

Page

PART I.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024

Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1

Basis of Presentation

Note 2

Trading Securities

Note 3

Securities Available for Sale, Held to Maturity, and Equity Securities

Note 4

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

Note 8

Leases

Note 9

Capital Ratios and Shareholders' Equity

Note 10

Earnings per Share

Note 11

Stock-Based Compensation Plans

Note 12

Fair Value Measurements

Note 13

Net Interest Income after Provision/(Benefit) for Credit Losses

Note 14

Tax Equity Investments

Note 15

Pending Merger

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Selected Financial Data

Average Balances and Average Yields/Rates

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures


PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	84
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	86
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	87
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	87
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	87
Item 5.	Other Information	87
Item 6.	Exhibits	88
Signatures		89

Table of Contents

PART I

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

BERKSHIRE HILLS BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
(In thousands, except share data)
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	131,970	$	182,776
Short-term investments	670,761		945,633
Total cash and cash equivalents	802,731		1,128,409

Trading securities, at fair value	4,835		5,258
Equity securities, at fair value	647		655
Securities available for sale, at fair value	664,713		655,723
Securities held to maturity (fair values of $407,405 and $433,382)	476,756		507,658
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	25,579		19,565
Total securities	1,172,530		1,188,859
Less: Allowance for credit losses on securities held to maturity	(63)		(64)
Net securities	1,172,467		1,188,795

Loans held for sale	4,014		3,076





Total loans	9,498,849		9,384,994
Less: Allowance for credit losses on loans	(117,344)		(114,700)
Net loans	9,381,505		9,270,294

Premises and equipment, net	58,439		56,609
Other real estate owned	124		—

Intangible assets	12,809		15,064
Cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance policies	245,861		245,789

Other assets	350,279		358,442
Assets held for sale	6,519		6,930

Total assets	$	12,034,748	$	12,273,408

Liabilities
Demand deposits	$	2,296,268	$	2,324,879
NOW and other deposits	814,600		841,406
Money market deposits	3,153,241		3,610,521
Savings deposits	1,105,009		1,021,716
Time deposits	2,609,913		2,576,682
Total deposits	9,979,031		10,375,204
Short-term debt	360,000		103,500
Long-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances	103,861		212,982
Subordinated borrowings	121,736		121,612
Total borrowings	585,597		438,094
Other liabilities	247,809		292,686

Total liabilities	$	10,812,437	$	11,105,984
(continued)
	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024

Shareholders’ equity

Common stock ($0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized and 51,903,190 shares issued and 46,302,528 shares outstanding in 2025; 51,903,190 shares issued and 46,424,016 shares outstanding in 2024)	562		562
Additional paid-in capital - common stock	1,430,576		1,430,532
Unearned compensation	(6,468)		(10,106)
Retained earnings/(deficit)	36,291		(3,080)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)	(91,240)		(106,343)
Treasury stock, at cost (5,600,662 shares in 2025 and 5,479,174 shares in 2024)	(147,410)		(144,141)
Total shareholders’ equity	1,222,311		1,167,424
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	12,034,748	$	12,273,408

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

BERKSHIRE HILLS BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands, except per share data)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Interest and dividend income
Loans	$	138,190	$	139,460	$	273,353	$	276,020
Securities and other	13,279		14,649		26,446		30,095
Total interest and dividend income	151,469		154,109		299,799		306,115
Interest expense
Deposits	52,623		57,036		105,511		113,898
Borrowings and subordinated notes	6,925		8,541		12,596		15,545
Total interest expense	59,548		65,577		118,107		129,443
Net interest income	91,921		88,532		181,692		176,672
Non-interest income
Deposit related fees	8,193		8,561		16,142		16,866
Loan related fees	5,100		2,364		8,887		5,027
Gain on SBA loan sales	2,288		3,294		5,564		4,993
Wealth management fees	2,657		2,613		5,612		5,497

Total fee income	18,238		16,832		36,205		32,383
Other, net	3,468		3,343		6,225		5,217
Fair value adjustments on securities	46		(42)		(6)		(157)
(Loss) on sale of AFS securities, net	—		—		—		(49,909)



Total non-interest income (loss)	21,752		20,133		42,424		(12,466)
Total net revenue	113,673		108,665		224,116		164,206
Provision expense for credit losses	4,000		6,499		9,500		12,499
Non-interest expense
Compensation and benefits	39,303		40,126		79,938		80,861
Occupancy and equipment	7,203		8,064		14,869		16,762
Technology	9,756		10,236		19,821		20,140
Professional services	961		2,757		2,675		5,433
Regulatory expenses	1,648		1,848		3,275		3,693

Amortization of intangible assets	1,128		1,140		2,256		2,345
Marketing	1,541		532		2,808		1,648
Merger, restructuring and other non-operating expenses	1,491		(384)		3,945		3,233
Other	5,113		6,612		8,923		12,836
Total non-interest expense	68,144		70,931		138,510		146,951

Income before income taxes	$	41,529	$	31,235	$	76,106	$	4,756
Income tax expense	11,163		7,210		20,021		919
Net income	$	30,366	$	24,025	$	56,085	$	3,837









Basic earnings per common share	$	0.66	$	0.57	$	1.23	$	0.09
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.66	$	0.57	$	1.22	$	0.09

Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	45,764		42,437		45,731		42,602
Diluted	46,007		42,508		46,042		42,763

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

BERKSHIRE HILLS BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Net income	$	30,366	$	24,025	$	56,085	$	3,837
Other comprehensive income/(loss), before tax:
Changes in unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale	4,744		(816)		18,704		43,471
Changes in unrealized gain/(loss) on cash flow hedges	428		425		1,892		(5,099)




Income taxes related to other comprehensive income/(loss):
Changes in unrealized gain/(loss) on securities available-for-sale	(1,275)		224		(4,970)		(11,440)
Changes in unrealized gain/(loss) on cash flow hedges	(118)		(116)		(523)		1,386




Total other comprehensive income (loss)	3,779		(283)		15,103		28,318
Total comprehensive income	$	34,145	$	23,742	$	71,188	$	32,155

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

BERKSHIRE HILLS BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY



	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital			Unearned compensation		Retained earnings (deficit)		Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)		Treasury stock
(In thousands, except per share data)		Shares			Amount											Total
Balance at March 31, 2024		43,415	$	528		$	1,422,709	$	(11,297)	$	(61,147)	$	(114,415)	$	(226,455)	$	1,009,923
Comprehensive income:
Net income		—	—			—		—		24,025		—		—		24,025
Other comprehensive (loss)		—	—			—		—		—		(283)		—		(283)
Total comprehensive income		—	—			—		—		24,025		(283)		—		23,742

Cash dividends declared on common shares ($0.18 per share)		—	—			—		—		(7,752)		—		—		(7,752)

Treasury shares repurchased		(612)	—			—		—		—		—		(13,492)		(13,492)
Forfeited shares		(69)	—			(227)		1,719		—		—		(1,492)		—
Exercise of stock options		—	—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Restricted stock grants		285	—			(1,181)		(6,333)		—		—		7,514		—
Stock-based compensation		—	—			—		1,847		—		—		—		1,847

Other, net		(60)	—			—		—		—		—		(1,326)		(1,326)
Balance at June 30, 2024		42,959	$	528		$	1,421,301	$	(14,064)	$	(44,874)	$	(114,698)	$	(235,251)	$	1,012,942

Balance at March 31, 2025		46,377	$	562		$	1,430,561	$	(8,123)	$	14,276	$	(95,019)	$	(145,497)	$	1,196,760
Comprehensive income:						0
Net income		—	—			—		—		30,366		—		—		30,366
Other comprehensive income		—	—			—		—		—		3,779		—		3,779
Total comprehensive income		—	—			—		—		30,366		3,779		—		34,145


Cash dividends declared on common shares $0.18 per share)		—	—			—		—		(8,351)		—		—		(8,351)

Treasury shares repurchased		—	—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Forfeited shares		(14)	—			15		343		—		—		(358)		—
Exercise of stock options		—	—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Restricted stock grants		—	—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation		—	—			—		1,312		—		—		—		1,312

Other, net		(60)	—			—		—		—		—		(1,555)		(1,555)
Balance at June 30, 2025		46,303	$	562		$	1,430,576	$	(6,468)	$	36,291	$	(91,240)	$	(147,410)	$	1,222,311

Table of Contents



	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital			Unearned compensation		Retained earnings (deficit)		Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)		Treasury stock
(In thousands, except per share data)		Shares			Amount											Total
Balance at December 31, 2023		43,501	$	528		$	1,423,273	$	(10,109)	$	(33,136)	$	(143,016)	$	(225,319)	$	1,012,221
Comprehensive income:
Net income		—	—			—		—		3,837		—		—		3,837
Other comprehensive income		—	—			—		—		—		28,318		—		28,318
Total comprehensive income		—	—			—		—		3,837		28,318		—		32,155

Cash dividends declared on common shares ($0.36 per share)		—	—			—		—		(15,575)		—		—		(15,575)

Treasury shares repurchased		(794)	—			—		—		—		—		(17,539)		(17,539)
Forfeited shares		(117)	—			(421)		3,028		—		—		(2,607)		—
Exercise of stock options		—	—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Restricted stock grants		470	—			(1,551)		(10,931)		—		—		12,482		—
Stock-based compensation		—	—			—		3,948		—		—		—		3,948

Other, net		(101)	—			—		—		—		—		(2,268)		(2,268)
Balance at June 30, 2024		42,959	$	528		$	1,421,301	$	(14,064)	$	(44,874)	$	(114,698)	$	(235,251)	$	1,012,942

Balance at December 31, 2024		46,424	$	562		$	1,430,532	$	(10,106)	$	(3,080)	$	(106,343)	$	(144,141)	$	1,167,424
Comprehensive income:
Net income		—	—			—		—		56,085		—		—		56,085
Other comprehensive income		—	—			—		—		—		15,103		—		15,103
Total comprehensive income		—	—			—		—		56,085		15,103		—		71,188


Cash dividends declared on common shares $0.36 per share)		—	—			—		—		(16,714)		—		—		(16,714)

Treasury shares repurchased		—	—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Forfeited shares		(40)	—			45		1,042		—		—		(1,087)		—
Exercise of stock options		—	—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Restricted stock grants		—	—			(1)		(5)		—		—		6		—
Stock-based compensation		—	—			—		2,601		—		—		—		2,601

Other, net		(81)	—			—		—		—		—		(2,188)		(2,188)
Balance at June 30, 2025		46,303	$	562		$	1,430,576	$	(6,468)	$	36,291	$	(91,240)	$	(147,410)	$	1,222,311

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

BERKSHIRE HILLS BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2025		2024
Cash flows from operating activities:


Net income	$	56,085	$	3,837
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision expense for credit losses	9,500		12,499
Net amortization of securities	378		(571)
Change in unamortized net loan origination costs and premiums	(1,151)		2,962
Premises and equipment depreciation and amortization expense	2,946		3,738
Stock-based compensation expense	2,601		3,948
Accretion of purchase accounting entries, net	(442)		(454)
Amortization of other intangibles	2,256		2,345

Income from cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance policies	(3,115)		(2,986)
(Gain) on SBA loan sales	(5,564)		(4,993)
Fair value adjustments on securities	6		157
Loss on sale of AFS securities, net	—		49,909
Net change in loans held-for-sale	(1,178)		(2,710)





Amortization of interest in tax-advantaged projects	(1,225)		(654)




Net change in other	684		(25,412)


Net cash provided by operating activities	61,781		41,615

Cash flows from investing activities:
Net decrease in trading security	471		446


Purchases of securities available for sale	(30,762)		(7,798)
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale	—		361,871
Proceeds from maturities, calls, and prepayments of securities available for sale	40,311		50,984
Purchases of securities held to maturity	(300)		(300)
Proceeds from maturities, calls, and prepayments of securities held to maturity	31,114		23,913
Net change in loans	(118,316)		(297,626)
Net change in New York branch loans held for sale	—		3,098
Proceeds from surrender of bank-owned life insurance	3,043		506
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock	(97,741)		(76,550)
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock	91,726		64,229
Net investment in limited partnership tax credits	(7,503)		(10,697)

Purchase of premises and equipment, net	(5,586)		(553)

Proceeds from sales of seasoned consumer loan portfolio	5,001		—


Net cash (used)/provided by investing activities	(88,542)		111,523

BERKSHIRE HILLS BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONCLUDED)


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2025		2024
(continued)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net (decrease) in deposits	(396,173)		(527,395)
Net change in New York branch deposits held for sale	—		(10,508)
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings	811,000		1,057,500
Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings	(663,621)		(753,118)


Purchase of treasury stock	—		(17,539)

Common stock cash dividends paid	(16,714)		(15,575)
Settlement of derivative contracts with financial institution counterparties	(33,409)		10,545
Net cash (used) by financing activities	(298,917)		(256,090)

Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(325,678)		(102,952)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	1,128,409		1,203,244

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	802,731	$	1,100,292

Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid on deposits	$	106,682	$	117,734
Interest paid on borrowed funds	12,292		1,644
Income taxes paid, net	5,737		4,476





Other non-cash changes:
Other net comprehensive income	$	15,103	$	28,318


Reclassification of seasoned loan portfolios to held-for-sale, net	—		47,123
Reclassification of New York branch loans from portfolio loans to assets held-for-sale, net	—		58,455
Reclassification of New York branch assets to assets held-for-sale	—		13,936
Reclassification of New York branch deposits to liabilities held-for-sale, net	—		484,530
Reclassification of New York branch liabilities to liabilities held-for-sale	—		12,929
Reclassification of loans held-for-sale to held-for-investment	240		—
Securities purchased not yet settled	—		725

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The Consolidated Financial Statements (the “financial statements”) of Berkshire Hills Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company” or “Berkshire”) have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Company is a Delaware corporation, headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts, and the holding company for Berkshire Bank (the “Bank”), a Massachusetts-chartered trust company headquartered in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. These financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and the Bank’s consolidated subsidiaries. In consolidation, all significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated. The results of operations of companies or assets acquired are included only from the dates of acquisition. All material wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries are consolidated unless GAAP requires otherwise.

The Company has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date these financial statements were issued.

These interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X, and accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared according to GAAP have been omitted.

The results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and disclosures Berkshire Hills Bancorp, Inc. previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. In management’s opinion, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement are reflected in the interim periods.

Reclassifications

Certain items in prior financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Operating Segments

The Company's reportable segment is determined by the Chief Executive Officer, who is designated the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), based upon information provided about the Company's products and services offered, primarily banking operations. Consolidated net income of the company is the primary performance metric utilized by the CODM. The segment is also distinguished by the level of information provided to the CODM, who uses such information to review performance of various components of the business, which are then aggregated if operating performance, products/services, and customers are similar. The CODM will evaluate the financial performance of the Company's business components such as by evaluating revenue streams, significant expenses, and budget to actual results in assessing the Company's segment and in the determination of allocating resources. The CODM uses revenue streams to evaluate product pricing and significant expenses to assess performance and evaluate return on assets. The CODM uses consolidated net income to benchmark the Company against its competitors. The benchmarking analysis coupled with monitoring of budget to actual results are used in assessment performance and in establishing compensation. Loans, investments, and deposits provide the revenues in the banking operation. Interest expense, provisions for credit losses, and payroll provide the significant expenses in the banking operation. No other expenses meet the threshold of significant. While the Company has assigned certain management responsibilities by business lines, the Company’s CODM monitors and evaluates financial performance on a Company-wide basis. The majority of the Company’s revenue is from the business of banking. Accordingly, all of the Company’s operations are considered by management to be aggregated in one reportable operating segment. All operations are domestic.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Future Application of Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” The ASU requires disclosure in the rate reconciliation table of additional categories of information and more details about the reconciling items in some categories if items meet a quantitative threshold. The ASU also requires all entities to disclose income taxes paid, net of refunds, disaggregated by federal, state and foreign taxes for annual periods and to disaggregate the information by jurisdiction based on a quantitative threshold, among other things. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is still evaluating; however, the adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses." The ASU requires additional interim and annual disclosures that further disaggregate certain expense captions into specified categories in a separate note to the financial statements, as well as certain qualitative information describing amounts not separately disaggregated. The ASU is effective in the annual period beginning on January 1, 2027 and interim periods beginning on January 1, 2028 and can be applied on either a prospective or retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact to the Company’s disclosures.

NOTE 2. TRADING SECURITIES

The Company holds a tax-advantaged economic development bond accounted for at fair value. The security had an amortized cost of $4.8 million and $5.3 million, and a fair value of $4.8 million and $5.3 million, at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. As discussed further in Note 7 - Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities, the Company entered into a swap contract to swap-out the fixed rate of the security in exchange for a variable rate. The Company does not purchase securities with the intent of selling them in the near term, and there were no other securities in the trading portfolio at June 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 3. SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE, HELD TO MATURITY, AND

EQUITY SECURITIES

The following is a summary of securities available for sale, held to maturity, and equity securities:


(In thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Allowance
June 30, 2025
Securities available for sale
U.S. Treasuries	$	7,985	$	—	$	—	$	7,985
Municipal bonds and obligations	63,535		20		(3,420)		60,135		—
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations	327,670		675		(56,065)		272,280		—
Agency mortgage-backed securities	266,469		10		(44,222)		222,257		—
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities	83,794		—		(17,964)		65,830		—
Corporate bonds	38,684		—		(2,458)		36,226		—

Total securities available for sale	788,137		705		(124,129)		664,713		—

Securities held to maturity
Municipal bonds and obligations	221,266		81		(24,649)		196,698		44
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations	96,614		—		(15,252)		81,362		—
Agency mortgage-backed securities	41,933		—		(7,145)		34,788		—
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities	115,725		—		(22,360)		93,365		—
Tax advantaged economic development bonds	942		—		(26)		916		19
Other bonds and obligations	276		—		—		276		—
Total securities held to maturity	476,756		81		(69,432)		407,405		63

Equity securities	647		67		(67)		647		—
Total	$	1,265,540	$	853	$	(193,628)	$	1,072,765	$	63


(In thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Allowance
December 31, 2024
Securities available for sale
U.S. Treasuries	$	6,986	$	3	$	—	$	6,989	$	—
Municipal bonds and obligations	63,952		10		(3,098)		60,864		—
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations	328,569		146		(64,153)		264,562		—
Agency mortgage-backed securities	273,969		4		(53,733)		220,240		—
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities	85,686		—		(18,975)		66,711		—
Corporate bonds	38,689		30		(2,362)		36,357		—


Total securities available for sale	797,851		193		(142,321)		655,723		—

Securities held to maturity
Municipal bonds and obligations	235,883		129		(22,619)		213,393		44
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations	101,163		—		(17,884)		83,279		—
Agency mortgage-backed securities	43,644		—		(8,707)		34,937		—
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities	125,547		—		(25,153)		100,394		—
Tax advantaged economic development bonds	1,144		—		(42)		1,102		20
Other bonds and obligations	277		—		—		277		—
Total securities held to maturity	507,658		129		(74,405)		433,382		64

Equity securities	655		67		(67)		655		—
Total	$	1,306,164	$	389	$	(216,793)	$	1,089,760	$	64

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit losses for debt securities held to maturity by security type for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:


(In thousands)	Municipal bonds and obligations		Tax advantaged economic development bonds		Total
Balance at March 31, 2025	$	44	$	19	$	63
Provision (benefit) for credit losses	—		—		—
Balance at June 30, 2025	$	44	$	19	$	63


(In thousands)	Municipal bonds and obligations		Tax advantaged economic development bonds		Total
Balance at March 31, 2024	$	41	$	20	$	61
Provision (benefit) for credit losses	4		—		4
Balance at June 30, 2024	$	45	$	20	$	65


(In thousands)	Municipal bonds and obligations		Tax advantaged economic development bonds		Total
Balance at December 31, 2024	$	44	$	20	$	64
Provision (benefit) for credit losses	—		(1)		(1)
Balance at June 30, 2025	$	44	$	19	$	63


(In thousands)	Municipal bonds and obligations		Tax advantaged economic development bonds		Total
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	48	$	20	$	68
Provision (benefit) for credit losses	(3)		—		(3)
Balance at June 30, 2024	$	45	$	20	$	65

Credit Quality Information

The Company monitors the credit quality of held to maturity securities through credit ratings from various rating agencies. Credit ratings express opinions about the credit quality of a security and are utilized by the Company to make informed decisions. Investment grade securities are rated BBB-/Baa3 or higher and generally considered by the rating agencies and market participants to be of low credit risk. Conversely, securities rated below investment grade are considered to have distinctively higher credit risk than investment grade securities. For securities without credit ratings, the Company utilizes other financial information indicating the financial health of the underlying municipality, agency, or organization.

As of June 30, 2025, none of the Company's investment securities were delinquent or in non-accrual status.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available for sale (“AFS”) and held to maturity (“HTM”) securities segregated by contractual maturity at June 30, 2025 are presented below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Mortgage-backed securities are shown in total, as their maturities are highly variable.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


	Available for sale				Held to maturity
	Amortized		Fair		Amortized		Fair
(In thousands)	Cost		Value		Cost		Value

Within 1 year	$	8,929	$	8,928	$	539	$	538
Over 1 year to 5 years	21,355		21,180		2,333		2,305
Over 5 years to 10 years	52,479		49,809		77,766		75,869
Over 10 years	27,441		24,429		141,846		119,178
Total bonds and obligations	110,204		104,346		222,484		197,890


Mortgage-backed securities	677,933		560,367		254,272		209,515
Total	$	788,137	$	664,713	$	476,756	$	407,405

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, purchases of AFS securities totaled $9.6 million and $30.8 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, there were no sales of AFS securities. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, there were no purchases of AFS securities. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, purchases of AFS securities totaled $7.8 million. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, there were no sales of AFS securities. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, proceeds from sales of AFS securities totaled $361.9 million. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, there were no gross gains or losses. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, there were no gross gains or losses. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, gross gains totaled $5.1 million and gross losses totaled $54.9 million.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Securities available for sale and held to maturity with unrealized losses, segregated by the duration of their continuous unrealized loss positions, are summarized as follows:


	Less Than Twelve Months				Over Twelve Months				Total
	Gross				Gross				Gross
	Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair
(In thousands)	Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value
June 30, 2025

Securities available for sale
U.S. Treasuries	$	—	$	7,985	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	7,985
Municipal bonds and obligations	618		21,451		2,802		26,515		3,420		47,966
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations	—		—		56,065		196,020		56,065		196,020
Agency mortgage-backed securities	83		6,900		44,139		214,550		44,222		221,450
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities	—		—		17,964		65,826		17,964		65,826
Corporate bonds	402		8,732		2,055		23,495		2,457		32,227





Total securities available for sale	$	1,103	$	45,068	$	123,025	$	526,406	$	124,128	$	571,474

Securities held to maturity
Municipal bonds and obligations	$	1,712	$	57,490	$	22,937	$	114,698	$	24,649	$	172,188
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations	—		—		15,252		81,362		15,252		81,362
Agency mortgage-backed securities	—		—		7,145		34,788		7,145		34,788
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities	—		—		22,360		93,366		22,360		93,366
Tax advantaged economic development bonds	—		—		26		916		26		916
Total securities held to maturity	1,712		57,490		67,720		325,130		69,432		382,620

Total	$	2,815	$	102,558	$	190,745	$	851,536	$	193,560	$	954,094

December 31, 2024

Securities available for sale
Municipal bonds and obligations	$	773	$	30,299	$	2,325	$	25,916	$	3,098	$	56,215
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations	403		45,954		63,750		200,038		64,153		245,992
Agency mortgage-backed securities	113		3,706		53,620		215,822		53,733		219,528
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities	—		—		18,975		66,711		18,975		66,711
Corporate bonds	—		—		2,362		32,538		2,362		32,538





Total securities available for sale	$	1,289	$	79,959	$	141,032	$	541,025	$	142,321	$	620,984

Securities held to maturity
Municipal bonds and obligations	1,614		73,453		21,005		111,228		22,619		184,681
Agency collateralized mortgage obligations	—		—		17,884		83,279		17,884		83,279
Agency mortgage-backed securities	—		—		8,707		34,937		8,707		34,937
Agency commercial mortgage-backed securities	—		—		25,153		100,394		25,153		100,394
Tax advantaged economic development bonds	—		—		42		1,102		42		1,102
Total securities held to maturity	1,614		73,453		72,791		330,940		74,405		404,393
Total	$	2,903	$	153,412	$	213,823	$	871,965	$	216,726	$	1,025,377

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Debt Securities

The Company expects to recover its amortized cost basis on all debt securities in its AFS and HTM portfolios. Furthermore, the Company does not intend to sell nor does it anticipate that it will be required to sell any of its securities in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2025, prior to this recovery. The Company’s ability and intent to hold these securities until recovery is supported by the Company’s strong capital and liquidity positions as well as its historically low portfolio turnover.

The following summarizes, by investment security type, the basis for the conclusion that the debt securities in an unrealized loss position within the Company’s AFS and HTM portfolios were not other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2025:

AFS U.S Treasuries

At June 30, 2025, 1 of the 1 securities in the Company’s portfolio of AFS U.S Treasuries was in an unrealized loss position. Aggregate unrealized losses represents 0.0% of the amortized cost of the bond in an unrealized loss position. The Company reviews the financial strength of all of these bonds and has concluded that the amortized cost remains supported by the expected future cash flows of these securities. The security is performing.

AFS municipal bonds and obligations

At June 30, 2025, 67 of the 90 securities in the Company’s portfolio of AFS municipal bonds and obligations were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 6.7% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. The Company continually monitors the municipal bond sector of the market carefully and periodically evaluates the appropriate level of exposure to the market. At this time, the Company has determined that the bonds in this portfolio carry minimal risk of default and the Company is appropriately compensated for that risk. There were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter. All securities are performing.

AFS collateralized mortgage obligations

At June 30, 2025, 37 of the 45 securities in the Company’s portfolio of AFS collateralized mortgage obligations were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 22.2% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. The Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), and Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) guarantee the contractual cash flows of all of the Company’s collateralized mortgage obligations. The securities are investment grade rated and there were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter. All securities are performing.

AFS commercial and residential mortgage-backed securities

At June 30, 2025, 27 of the 28 securities in the Company’s portfolio of AFS mortgage-backed securities were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 17.8% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. The FNMA, FHLMC, and GNMA guarantee the contractual cash flows of all of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities. The securities are investment grade rated and there were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter. All securities are performing.

AFS corporate bonds

At June 30, 2025, 13 of the 14 securities in the Company’s portfolio of AFS corporate bonds were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represents 7.1% of the amortized cost of the bonds in unrealized loss positions. The Company reviews the financial strength of all of these bonds and has concluded that the amortized cost remains supported by the expected future cash flows of these securities. All securities are performing.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

HTM municipal bonds and obligations

At June 30, 2025, 131 of the 154 securities in the Company’s portfolio of HTM municipal bonds and obligations were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 12.5% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. The Company continually monitors the municipal bond sector of the market carefully and periodically evaluates the appropriate level of exposure to the market. At this time, the Company has determined that the bonds in this portfolio carry minimal risk of default and the Company is appropriately compensated for that risk. There were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter. All securities are performing.

HTM collateralized mortgage obligations

At June 30, 2025, 12 of the 12 securities in the Company’s portfolio of HTM collateralized mortgage obligations were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 15.8% of the amortized cost of the securities in unrealized loss positions. The FNMA, FHLMC, and GNMA guarantee the contractual cash flows of all of the Company's collateralized residential mortgage obligations. The securities are investment grade rated, and there were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter. All securities are performing.

HTM commercial and residential mortgage-backed securities

At June 30, 2025, 16 of the 16 securities in the Company’s portfolio of HTM mortgage-backed securities were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 18.7% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. The FNMA, FHLMC, and GNMA guarantee the contractual cash flows of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities. The securities are investment grade rated and there were no material underlying credit downgrades during the quarter. All securities are performing.

HTM tax-advantaged economic development bonds

At June 30, 2025, 2 of the 2 securities in the Company’s portfolio of tax-advantaged economic development bonds were in unrealized loss positions. Aggregate unrealized losses represented 2.7% of the amortized cost of securities in unrealized loss positions. The Company believes that more likely than not all the principal outstanding will be collected. All securities are performing.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

The following is a summary of total loans by regulatory call report code with sub-segmentation based on underlying collateral for certain loan types:


(In thousands)	June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Construction	$	621,413	$	726,344
Commercial multifamily	766,119		636,805
Commercial real estate owner occupied	723,390		695,330
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied	2,753,942		2,769,447
Commercial and industrial	1,493,719		1,439,175

Residential real estate	2,796,343		2,771,769
Home equity	245,148		230,365
Consumer other	98,775		115,759
Total loans	$	9,498,849	$	9,384,994

Allowance for credit losses	(117,344)		(114,700)
Net loans	$	9,381,505	$	9,270,294

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, no loans were reclassified to loans held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Held for sale loans are not contained in the balances within this note and are accounted for at the lower of carrying value or fair market value.

Risk characteristics relevant to each portfolio segment are as follows:

Construction - Loans in this segment primarily include real estate development loans for which payment is derived from sale of the property or long term financing at completion. Credit risk is affected by cost overruns, time to sell at an adequate price, and market conditions.

Commercial real estate multifamily, owner occupied and non-owner - Loans in these segments are primarily owner-occupied or income-producing properties throughout New England and Northeastern New York. The underlying cash flows generated by the properties are adversely impacted by a downturn in the economy, which in turn, will have an effect on the credit quality in this segment. Management monitors the cash flows of these loans.

Commercial and industrial loans - Loans in this segment are made to businesses and are generally secured by assets of the business such as accounts receivable, inventory, marketable securities, other liquid collateral, equipment and other business assets. Repayment is expected from the cash flows of the business. Loans in this segment include asset based loans which generally have no scheduled repayment and which are closely monitored against formula based collateral advance ratios. A weakened economy, and resultant decreased consumer spending, will have an effect on the credit quality in this segment.

Residential real estate - All loans in this segment are collateralized by residential real estate and repayment is dependent on the credit quality of the individual borrower. The overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates and housing prices, will have an effect on the credit quality in this segment.

Home equity and other consumer loans - Loans in this segment are primarily home equity lines of credit, automobile loans and other consumer loans. The overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates and housing prices, will have an effect on the credit quality in this segment.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans

The Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans (“ACLL”) is comprised of the allowance for credit losses, and the allowance for unfunded commitments is accounted for as a separate liability in other liabilities on the balance sheet. The level of the ACLL represents management’s estimate of expected credit losses over the expected life of the loans at the balance sheet date. The Company uses a static pool migration analysis method, applying expected historical loss trend and observed economic metrics. The level of the ACLL is based on management’s ongoing review of all relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past and current events, utilizing a 7 quarter reasonable and supportable forecast period with a 1 year reversion period. The ACLL reserve is overlaid with qualitative factors based upon:

•the existence and growth of concentrations of credit;

•the volume and severity of past due financial assets, including nonaccrual assets;

•the institutions lending and credit review as well as the experience and ability of relevant management and staff and;

•the effect of other external factors such as regulatory, competition, regional market conditions, legal and technological environment and other events such as natural disasters;

The allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level by the Company to be sufficient to absorb expected lifetime losses related to unfunded credit facilities (including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit) and is included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company’s activity in the allowance for credit losses for loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024 was as follows:


(In thousands)	Balance at Beginning of Period		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision/(Benefit) for Credit Losses		Balance at End of Period
Three months ended June 30, 2025
Construction	$	5,722	$	—	$	—	$	(1,385)	$	4,337
Commercial multifamily	4,715		—		—		1,373		6,088
Commercial real estate owner occupied	11,804		(750)		237		127		11,418
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied	36,180		—		—		314		36,494
Commercial and industrial	25,777		(3,390)		311		4,518		27,216

Residential real estate	28,241		(4)		220		(878)		27,579
Home equity	2,775		(13)		1		34		2,797
Consumer other	1,464		(190)		244		(103)		1,415
Total allowance for credit losses	$	116,678	$	(4,347)	$	1,013	$	4,000	$	117,344


(In thousands)	Balance at Beginning of Period		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision/(Benefit) for Credit Losses		Balance at End of Period
Three months ended June 30, 2024
Construction	$	2,580	$	—	$	—	$	196	$	2,776
Commercial multifamily	2,649		—		—		586		3,235
Commercial real estate owner occupied	9,898		(100)		94		979		10,871
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied	34,255		—		24		1,564		35,843
Commercial and industrial	20,016		(970)		257		3,540		22,843

Residential real estate	22,411		(4)		373		(176)		22,604
Home equity	1,992		—		7		95		2,094
Consumer other	13,530		(2,172)		832		(289)		11,901
Total allowance for credit losses	$	107,331	$	(3,246)	$	1,587	$	6,495	$	112,167

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


(In thousands)	Balance at Beginning of Period		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision/(Benefit) for Credit Losses		Balance at End of Period
Six months ended June 30, 2025
Construction	$	4,463	$	—	$	—	$	(126)	$	4,337
Commercial multifamily	4,084		(853)		—		2,857		6,088
Commercial real estate owner occupied	11,303		(823)		280		658		11,418
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied	38,520		(40)		3		(1,989)		36,494
Commercial and industrial	25,549		(6,208)		1,529		6,346		27,216

Residential real estate	22,479		(29)		406		4,723		27,579
Home equity	2,392		(14)		582		(163)		2,797
Consumer other	5,910		(2,637)		948		(2,806)		1,415
Total allowance for credit losses	$	114,700	$	(10,604)	$	3,748	$	9,500	$	117,344


(In thousands)	Balance at Beginning of Period		Charge-offs		Recoveries		Provision/(Benefit) for Credit Losses		Balance at End of Period
Six months ended June 30, 2024
Construction	$	2,885	$	—	$	—	$	(109)	$	2,776
Commercial multifamily	2,475		—		—		760		3,235
Commercial real estate owner occupied	9,443		(206)		107		1,527		10,871
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied	38,221		—		105		(2,483)		35,843
Commercial and industrial	18,602		(3,412)		913		6,740		22,843

Residential real estate	19,622		(45)		560		2,467		22,604
Home equity	2,015		—		246		(167)		2,094
Consumer other	12,094		(5,218)		1,258		3,767		11,901
Total allowance for credit losses	$	105,357	$	(8,881)	$	3,189	$	12,502	$	112,167

The Company’s allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments is recognized as a liability (other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets), with adjustments to the reserve recognized in other noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company’s activity in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 was as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2025		2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	9,071	$	9,256


Expense for credit losses	—		—
Balance at end of period	$	9,071	$	9,256


	Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)	2025		2024
Balance at beginning of period	$	9,821	$	9,256


Expense for credit losses	(750)		—
Balance at end of period	$	9,071	$	9,256

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Credit Quality Information

The Company monitors the credit quality of its portfolio by using internal risk ratings that are based on regulatory guidance. Loans that are given a Pass rating are not considered a problem credit. Loans that are classified as Special Mention loans are considered to have potential weaknesses and are evaluated closely by management. Substandard, including non-accruing loans, are loans for which a definitive weakness has been identified and which may make full collection of contractual cash flows questionable. Doubtful loans are those with identified weaknesses that make full collection of contractual cash flows, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

For commercial credits, the Company assigns an internal risk rating at origination and reviews the rating annual, semiannually, or quarterly depending on the risk rating. The rating is also reassessed at any point in time when management becomes aware of information that may affect the borrower’s ability to fulfill their obligations.

The Company risk rates its residential mortgages, including 1-4 family and residential construction loans, based on a three rating system: Pass, Special Mention, and Substandard. Loans that are current within 59 days are rated Pass. Residential mortgages that are 60-89 days delinquent are rated Special Mention. Loans delinquent for 90 days or greater are rated Substandard and generally placed on non-accrual status.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table presents the Company’s loans by risk category:


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
(In thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
As of June 30, 2025
Construction
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Risk rating
Pass	$	66,469	$	45,556	$	135,053	$	278,306	$	30,361	$	1,012	$	—	$	—	$	556,757
Special Mention	—		—		—		21,790		—		—		—		—		21,790
Substandard	—		—		—		24,003		18,863		—		—		—		42,866
Total	$	66,469	$	45,556	$	135,053	$	324,099	$	49,224	$	1,012	$	—	$	—	$	621,413
Commercial multifamily:
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	853	$	—	$	—	$	853

Risk rating
Pass	$	51,014	$	85,070	$	21,514	$	298,141	$	50,304	$	253,074	$	1,332	$	—	$	760,449
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	—		—		—		—		—		5,670		—		—		5,670
Total	$	51,014	$	85,070	$	21,514	$	298,141	$	50,304	$	258,744	$	1,332	$	—	$	766,119
Commercial real estate owner occupied:
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	500	$	—	$	—	$	73	$	250	$	—	$	823

Risk rating
Pass	$	55,571	$	118,251	$	78,090	$	96,947	$	118,502	$	206,493	$	3,131	$	—	$	676,985
Special Mention	—		1,837		9,441		10,905		7,197		4,416		—		—		33,796
Substandard	—		939		486		3,000		584		7,350		250		—		12,609
Total	$	55,571	$	121,027	$	88,017	$	110,852	$	126,283	$	218,259	$	3,381	$	—	$	723,390
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied:
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	40	$	—	$	—	$	40

Risk rating
Pass	$	51,877	$	249,916	$	418,860	$	562,719	$	404,249	$	944,723	$	9,467	$	—	$	2,641,811
Special Mention	—		—		—		26,746		1,068		54,642		—		—		82,456
Substandard	—		—		—		363		2,767		24,290		2,255		—		29,675
Total	$	51,877	$	249,916	$	418,860	$	589,828	$	408,084	$	1,023,655	$	11,722	$	—	$	2,753,942
Commercial and industrial:
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	1,548	$	871	$	216	$	2,989	$	584	$	—	$	6,208

Risk rating
Pass	$	98,133	$	189,302	$	87,645	$	107,958	$	89,358	$	111,388	$	703,177	$	1,998	$	1,388,959
Special Mention	—		427		443		21,112		261		2,113		17,396		—		41,752
Substandard	—		296		3,453		3,477		9,060		13,260		33,462		—		63,008

Total	$	98,133	$	190,025	$	91,541	$	132,547	$	98,679	$	126,761	$	754,035	$	1,998	$	1,493,719

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
(In thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
Residential real estate
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	25	$	4	$	—	$	—	$	29

Risk rating
Pass	$	146,044	$	272,174	$	499,571	$	880,690	$	241,023	$	747,851	$	441	$	—	$	2,787,794
Special Mention	—		—		—		863		—		1,798		—		—		2,661
Substandard	—		—		—		—		214		5,674		—		—		5,888
Total	$	146,044	$	272,174	$	499,571	$	881,553	$	241,237	$	755,323	$	441	$	—	$	2,796,343

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
(In thousands)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
As of December 31, 2024
Construction
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Risk rating
Pass	$	40,549	$	138,925	$	436,850	$	74,718	$	—	$	1,336	$	—	$	—	$	692,378
Special Mention	—		—		15,374		—		—		—		—		—		15,374
Substandard	—		—		—		18,592		—		—		—		—		18,592
Total	$	40,549	$	138,925	$	452,224	$	93,310	$	—	$	1,336	$	—	$	—	$	726,344

Commercial multifamily:
Current period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,164	$	—	$	—	$	1,164
Risk rating
Pass	$	85,160	$	17,598	$	203,001	$	52,235	$	38,211	$	233,145	$	428	$	—	$	629,778
Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		421		—		—		421
Substandard	—

BERKSHIRE HILLS BANCORP INC 10-Q